EN 13493:2018

Geosynthetic barriers - Characteristics required for use in the construction of solid waste storage and disposal sites

This European Standard specifies the characteristics of geosynthetic barriers, including polymeric geosynthetic barriers, clay geosynthetic barriers and bituminous geosynthetic barriers, when used as fluid barriers and separation layer in the construction of solid waste storage and disposal sites, and the appropriate test methods to determine these characteristics.
The intended use of these products is to control the leakage of fluids through the construction.
This European Standard is not applicable to geotextiles or geotextile-related products as defined in EN ISO 10318-1.
This European Standard provides for the assessment and verification of constancy of performance (AVCP) of the product to this European Standard including factory production control procedures.
This European Standard defines characteristics to be considered with regard to the presentation of performance.
NOTE   Where potable water is or can be in direct contact with the product, other relevant standards, requirements and/or regulations can be considered for the design.

Geosynthetische Dichtungsbahnen - Eigenschaften, die für die Anwendung beim Bau von Deponien und Zwischenlagern für feste Abfallstoffe erforderlich sind

Diese Europäische Norm legt die Eigenschaften von geosynthetischen Dichtungsbahnen, einschließlich geosynthetische Kunststoff-, Ton- und Bitumendichtungsbahnen, die als Fluid-Abdichtung und Trennschicht beim Bau von Deponien und Zwischenlagern für feste Abfallstoffe verwendet werden, und die geeigneten Prüfverfahren zur Bestimmung dieser Eigenschaften fest.
Die bestimmungsgemäße Anwendung dieser Produkte ist, das Durchsickern von Fluiden durch das Bauwerk einzuschränken.
Diese Europäische Norm ist nicht anwendbar auf Geotextilien oder geotextilverwandte Produkte im Sinne der Definition von EN ISO 10318 1.
Diese Europäische Norm behandelt die Bewertung und Überprüfung der Leistungsbeständigkeit (AVCP) des Produkts nach dieser Europäischen Norm, einschließlich der Verfahren für die werkseigene Produktions¬kontrolle.
Diese Europäische Norm legt Eigenschaften fest, die in Bezug auf die Darstellung der Leistung berücksichtigt werden müssen.
ANMERKUNG   Wo Trinkwasser in direkten Kontakt mit dem Produkt kommt oder kommen kann, können andere einschlägige Normen, Anforderungen und/oder Bestimmungen bei der Planung berücksichtigt werden.

Géomembranes et géosynthétiques bentonitiques - Caractéristiques requises pour l'utilisation dans la construction des ouvrages de stockage et d'enfouissement de déchets solides

Cette norme Européenne spécifie les caractéristiques applicables aux géosynthétiques d'étanchéité incluant les géomembranes polymériques, les géosynthétiques bentonitiques et les géomembranes bitumineuses utilisés comme barrière aux fluides et couche de séparation dans la construction des ouvrages de stockage et d’enfouissement de déchets solides, ainsi que les méthodes d'essai appropriées pour déterminer ces caractéristiques.
Ces produits sont destinés à contrôler les fuites de fluides à travers la construction.
Le présent document ne s'applique pas aux géotextiles ou produits apparentés, tels que définis dans l'EN ISO 10318-1.
Cette norme Européenne permet d'évaluer et de vérifier la constance des performances (EVCP) du produit à la présente Norme européenne et les procédures de contrôle de la production en usine.
Cette norme Européenne établit les caractéristiques à considérer au regard des performances à vérifier.
NOTE   Si de l'eau potable est ou peut être en contact direct avec le produit, il convient que le concepteur se réfère également aux normes, exigences et/ou règlements applicables

Geosintetične ovire - Zahtevane lastnosti pri gradnji začasnih shramb za trdne odpadke in odlagališč

Ta evropski standard določa ustrezne lastnosti geosintetičnih ovir, vključno s polimernimi, opečnati in bitumenskimi geosintetičnimi ovirami, če se uporabljajo za zaščito pred tekočinami pri gradnji začasnih shramb za trdne odpadke in odlagališč za trdne odpadke, ter ustrezne preskusne metode za določanje teh lastnosti. Ti proizvodi se predvidoma uporabljajo za nadzor uhajanja tekočin skozi konstrukcijo. Ta dokument se ne uporablja za geotekstilije ali sorodne izdelke. Ta dokument omogoča vrednotenje skladnosti proizvoda s tem dokumentom. Ta dokument določa zahteve, ki jih morajo izpolniti proizvajalci in distributerji glede predstavitve lastnosti izdelka.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 27-Mar-2018
• Withdrawal Date: 30-Dec-2019
• ICS: 59.080.70 - Geotextiles
• ICS: 91.100.50 - Binders. Sealing materials
• Technical Committee: CEN/TC 189 - Geotextiles and geotextile-related products
• Drafting Committee: CEN/TC 189/WG 6 - Geomembranes and geosynthetic clay liners - General and specific requirements
• Current Stage: 9093 - Decision to confirm - Review Enquiry
• Start Date: 06-Oct-2023
• Completion Date: 14-Apr-2025
• Directive: 305/2011 - Regulation (eu) No 305/2011 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 9 march 2011 laying down harmonised conditions for the marketing of construction products and repealing council directive 89/106/eec
• Directive: 89/106/EEC - Construction products
• Mandate: M/107 - Mandate to CEN/CENELEC concerning the execution of standardization work for harmonized standards on geotextiles
• Ref Project: SIST EN 13493:2018 - Geosynthetic barriers - Characteristics required for use in the construction of solid waste storage and disposal sites

Relations

• Replaces: EN 13493:2013 - Geosynthetic barriers - Characteristics required for use in the construction of solid waste storage and disposal sites
• Effective Date: 19-Jun-2013

Overview

EN 13493:2018 is the CEN (European) standard that defines the characteristics and test methods for geosynthetic barriers used as fluid barriers and separation layers in the construction of solid waste storage and disposal sites (landfills, interim waste storages). It covers polymeric geosynthetic barriers (geomembranes), clay geosynthetic barriers (bentonite-based), and bituminous geosynthetic barriers, and is intended to ensure these products control leakage of liquids through waste containment systems. The standard also sets out procedures for assessment and verification of constancy of performance (AVCP), including factory production control (FPC) and presentation of declared performance values.

Key topics and requirements

• Scope of products: polymeric, clay (GBR‑C), and bituminous (GBR‑B) geosynthetic barriers. Not applicable to geotextiles (EN ISO 10318‑1).
• Intended uses: fluid barrier and separation layer in landfill and solid waste disposal construction; leakage control.
• Types of application: includes guidance for “composite lining systems” and “single lined systems.”
• Characteristics and test methods: lists relevant performance parameters and referenced test standards (e.g., permeability, tensile/burst strength, tear resistance, gas permeability, low temperature behavior, friction characteristics - direct shear/inclined plane - weathering, wetting/drying, freeze–thaw, root resistance, and release of dangerous substances).
• Durability: Annex A addresses durability testing and expected service lives (examples include short-term applications and design lives such as 25 or 50 years) and specific durability tests for different barrier types.
• AVCP & FPC: procedures for type testing, test sampling, compliance criteria, factory production control, initial inspection, continuous surveillance and handling of modifications.
• Regulatory linkage: informative Annex ZA relates the standard to Regulation (EU) No. 305/2011 (construction products regulation) and CE-marking requirements.

Practical applications

• Specification and selection of landfill liners, containment liners, and leak control systems.
• Development of technical product data sheets and performance declarations by manufacturers.
• Basis for laboratory testing and third‑party verification of geomembranes and bentonite liners.
• Input to design documents and tender specifications for waste engineers, environmental consultants and civil contractors.

Who should use this standard

• Geosynthetic manufacturers and product managers (for AVCP and FPC compliance).
• Environmental and geotechnical engineers designing landfill liner systems.
• Construction contractors and installation supervisors installing geomembranes and bentonite barriers.
• Testing laboratories, certification bodies and regulators assessing product conformity.

Related standards (examples)

• EN 14150 (permeability to liquids), EN 14151 (geosynthetics test methods), EN 12226 (evaluation after durability), and other referenced EN standards for tensile, tear and ageing tests - all part of the geosynthetics and waterproofing test suite relevant to EN 13493.

Keywords: EN 13493, geosynthetic barriers, geomembranes, bentonite geosynthetic barrier, landfill liner, leakage control, AVCP, factory production control, permeability, durability.

Standards Content (Sample)

2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Geosynthetische Dichtungsbahnen - Eigenschaften, die für die Anwendung beim Bau von Deponien und Zwischenlagern für feste Abfallstoffe erforderlich sindBarrières géosynthetiques - Caractéristiques requises pour l'utilisation dans la construction des ouvrages de stockage et d'enfouissement de déchets solidesGeosynthetic barriers - Characteristics required for use in the construction of solid waste storage and disposal sites59.080.70GeotekstilijeGeotextiles13.030.40Naprave in oprema za odstranjevanje in obdelavo odpadkovInstallations and equipment for waste disposal and treatmentICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 13493:2018SIST EN 13493:2018en,fr,de01-junij-2018SIST EN 13493:2018SLOVENSKI
STANDARDSIST EN 13493:20131DGRPHãþD

EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM
EN 13493
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{ sä s r rä w r Supersedes EN
s u v { uã t r s uEnglish Version
Geosynthetic barriers æ Characteristics required for use in the construction of solid waste storage and disposal sitesGéomembranes et géosynthétiques bentonitiques æ Caractéristiques requises pour l 5utilisation dans la construction des ouvrages de stockage et d 5enfouissement de déchets solides
Geosynthetische Dichtungsbahnen æ Eigenschaftená die für die Anwendung beim Bau von Deponien und Zwischenlagern für feste Abfallstoffe erforderlich sindThis European Standard was approved by CEN on
w November
t r s yä
egulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alterationä Upætoædate lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CENæCENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN memberä
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CENæCENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versionsä
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austriaá Belgiumá Bulgariaá Croatiaá Cyprusá Czech Republicá Denmarká Estoniaá Finlandá Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedoniaá Franceá Germanyá Greeceá Hungaryá Icelandá Irelandá Italyá Latviaá Lithuaniaá Luxembourgá Maltaá Netherlandsá Norwayá Polandá Portugalá Romaniaá Serbiaá Slovakiaá Sloveniaá Spainá Swedená Switzerlandá Turkey and United Kingdomä
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre:
Rue de la Science 23,
B-1040 Brussels
t r s z CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Membersä Refä Noä EN
s u v { uã t r s z ESIST EN 13493:2018

Durability of geosynthetic barriers . 34 SIST EN 13493:2018

Relationship of this European Standard with Regulation (EU) No. 305/2011 . 56 Bibliography . 60
the list of normative references has been updated;
in 3.1 three terms have been added;
in 3.2 list of abbreviations has been updated;
in 4.3, Table 1, has been modified to comply with the modified mandate M/386 (inclusion of elongation in separation and filtration functions) and has been technically revised, all H-coded characteristics have been replaced by “A”;
Clause 5 “Evaluation of conformity” has been superseded by new Clause 5 “Assessment and verification of constancy of performance (AVCP)”;
Annex A “Factory production control – Factory production control scheme” has been deleted;
former Annex B “Durability” becomes Annex A and has been totally revised;
Annex ZA has been updated according to new template to fulfil requirements of CPR, also examples for CE-marking have been deleted. According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. SIST EN 13493:2018

¯ y v ½C and
y v ½C with a Vitreous Silica Dilatometer ASTM D1434, Standard Test Method for Determining Gas Permeability Characteristics of Plastic Film and Sheeting ASTM D4603, Standard Test Method for Determining Inherent Viscosity of Poly(Ethylene Terephthalate) (PET) by Glass Capillary Viscometer ASTM D5890, Standard Test Method for Swell Index of Clay Mineral Component of Geosynthetic Clay Liners ASTM D7409, Standard Test Method for Carboxyl End Group Content of Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) Yarns 3 Terms, definitions and abbreviations 3.1 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN ISO 10318-1 and the following apply. 3.1.1 product geosynthetic barrier, including polymeric, bituminous and clay barriers SIST EN 13493:2018

Key 1 top soil 2 rain water collection layer, optional with geosynthetic protection layer (optional geosynthetic drainage system) 3 geosynthetic barrier (GBR-P or GBR-B) 4 geosynthetic barrier (GBR-C) 5 gas drainage layer (optional geosynthetic venting system) 6 levelling layer 7 waste body 8 leachate collection system (optional geosynthetic drainage system) 9 protection layer e.g. geosynthetic 10 subgrade Figure 1 — Geosynthetic barrier as a typical high performance composite lining system for municipal solid waste disposal sites SIST EN 13493:2018

Key 1 top soil 2 rain water collection layer 3 geosynthetic barrier 4 levelling layer 5 waste body 6 leachate collection system (optional geosynthetic drainage system) 7 protection layer e.g. geosynthetic 8 subgrade Figure 2 — Geosynthetic barrier as a single lined system for solid waste disposal sites 4.3 Relevant characteristics The characteristics, their relevance to the conditions of use, and the test methods to be used, are specified in Table 1. The list of characteristics in Table 1 includes those relevant to all conditions of use (A) (essential characteristics are listed in Table ZA.1), and those relevant to specific conditions of use (S). The indication “–” means that the characteristic is not relevant for that function. Where, for the same property, data for more than one function shall be provided, the following ranking order shall be observed: A overrules S, and S overrules “–”. The functions and conditions of use, corresponding with the S-coded characteristics in Table 1, are specified in 4.4. The performances of the characteristics are given on basis of the results of tests specified in this document and, where relevant, in accordance with 5.1. SIST EN 13493:2018

Geosynthetic barrier Test methods Remarks No Property to be testeda GBR-P GBR-B GBR-C GBR-P GBR-B GBR-C
Physical properties
1 Thickness A A A EN ISO 9863-1 EN 1849-1 EN ISO 9863-1 For products which cannot be tested according to EN ISO 9863-1, such as geotextile backed GBR-P, EN 1849-2 is applicable. 2 Mass per unit area A A A EN 1849-2 EN 1849-1 EN 14196
Hydraulic properties
3 Liquid tightnessa A A A EN 14150 EN 14150 EN 16416 Test liquid is water. Report value index flux for GBR-C and permeability for GBR-P and GBR-B. 4 Gas permeability (gas tightness) A A A ASTM D1434 ASTM D1434 EN ISO 10773
5 Swell index — — A — — ASTM D5890
Mechanical properties
Geosynthetic barrier Test methods Remarks No Property to be testeda GBR-P GBR-B GBR-C GBR-P GBR-B GBR-C
6 Tensile strength A A A PE-HD and PE-LLD EN ISO 527-3, specimen type 5 FPO, PVC-P homogenous EN ISO 527-3, specimen type 5 (reference test method) equivalent to EN 12311-2, method B FPO, PVC-P multicomponent EN 12311-2 method A (reference test method) equivalent to EN ISO 527-4; specimen type 2; width: 50 mm, EPDM homogenous EN 12311-2, method B EPDM multicomponent EN 12311-2, method A EN 12311-1 EN ISO 10319 PE-HD and PE-LLD v = 100 mm/min Tensile stress at break in N/mm2 to be reported FPO, PVC-P homogenous v = 100 mm/min if elongation at break is > 400 % the test speed is 500 mm/min maximum tensile strength in N/mm2 to be reported FPO, PVC-P multicomponent v = 100 mm/min maximum tensile force in N/50 mm to be reported EPDM homogenous v = 100 mm/min if elongation at break is > 400 % the test speed is 500 mm/min maximum tensile strength in N/mm2 to be reported EPDM multicomponent v = 100 mm/min maximum tensile force in N/50 mm to be reported 7 Elongation A A A PE-HD and PE-LLD EN ISO 527-3, specimen type 5 FPO, PVC-P homogenous EN ISO 527-3, specimen type 5 EN 12311-1 EN ISO 10319 PE-HD and PE-LLD with reference length (l0)50 mm, v = 100 mm/min Elongation at break to be reported FPO, PVC-P homogenous v = 100 mm/min if elongation at break is > 400 % the test speed is 500 mm/min – SIST EN 13493:2018

Geosynthetic barrier Test methods Remarks No Property to be testeda GBR-P GBR-B GBR-C GBR-P GBR-B GBR-C
(reference test method)equivalent to EN 12311-2, method B FPO, PVC-P multicomponent EN 12311-2 method A (reference test method)equivalent to EN ISO 527-4; specimen type 2;
width: 50 mm EPDM homogenous EN 12311-2, method B EPDM multicomponent EN 12311-2, method A Elongation at break to be reported FPO, PVC-P multicomponent v = 100 mm/min Elongation at maximum tensile force in % to be reported EPDM homogenous v = 100 mm/min if elongation at break is > 400 % the test speed is 500 mm/min Elongation at break to be reported EPDM multicomponent v = 100 mm/min Elongation at maximum tensile force in % to be reported 8 Static puncture A A A EN ISO 12236 EN ISO 12236 EN ISO 12236
9 Burst strength and elongation S S S EN 14151 EN 14151 EN 14151 This test applies to GBR-C only if they contain a polymeric or bituminous barrier element. 10 Tear strength S S — ISO 34-1 EN 12310-1 — For GBR-P use ISO 34-1:2015, Method B, angle specimen (Figure 2) without nick at a speed of 50 mm/min. 11 Friction direct shear S S S EN ISO 12957-1 EN ISO 12957-1 EN ISO 12957-1 For determining the bonding strength of GBR-C, an internal shear or peel bond test may be applicable. 12 Friction inclined plane S S S EN ISO 12957-2 EN ISO 12957-2 EN ISO 12957-2
Thermal properties
13 Low temperature S S — EN 495-5 EN 1109 —
Geosynthetic barrier Test methods Remarks No Property to be testeda GBR-P GBR-B GBR-C GBR-P GBR-B GBR-C
behaviour (flexure) 14 Thermal expansion A — — ASTM D696 — —
Durability
15 Weathering A A S EN 12224 EN 12224 EN 12224 GBR-C: see 4.4.7. In accordance with Annex A. 16 Microorganisms A A A EN 12225 EN 12225 EN 12225 In accordance with Annex A. 17 Oxidation A A A EN 14575 EN 14575 EN ISO 13438 In accordance with Annex A. EN ISO 13438 is applicable for the geotextile elements and reinforcement yarns of GBR-C. 18 Environmental stress cracking A — S EN 14576 — EN 14576 In accordance with Annex A. EN 14576 is applicable to GBR-P with a semi-crystalline structure. If GPR-P is between 0,5 mm and 1,0 mm, the test EN 14576 shall be performed with the same composition at a thickness greater than 1,0 mm. In order to estimate exposure durability of thermoset elastomers, as semi-crystalline materials cannot be tested following the environmental stress cracking test (EN 14576), the ozone stress cracking test shall be performed according to EN 1844 and evaluated with tensile strength measurements of the reference and the exposed specimen in accordance with A.4.1. 19 Leaching (water soluble) A A A EN 14415 EN 14415 EN 14415 In accordance with Annex A. SIST EN 13493:2018

Geosynthetic barrier Test methods Remarks No Property to be testeda GBR-P GBR-B GBR-C GBR-P GBR-B GBR-C
20 Chemical resistance A A A EN 14414 EN 14414 EN 14414 In accordance with Annex A. Chemical resistance testing should be conducted in line with site specific circumstances. This should be restricted to a consideration of the substrate onto which the material is laid and/or chemicals contained. 21 Wetting/drying — — S — — CEN/TS 14417 In accordance with Annex A. 22 Freezing / thaw — — S — — CEN/TS 14418 In accordance with Annex A. 23 Root penetration S S S CEN/TS 14416 CEN/TS 14416 CEN/TS 14416 In accordance with Annex A. a The 95 % confidence level corresponds to the mean value minus (and/or plus) a tolerance value (see Annex ZA, Table ZA.1 column Notes). Both the mean value and the tolerance value are defined by the manufacturer to be representative of the performance of the product for the corresponding characteristic (these two values are not necessarily based on a statistical calculation). Relevance of codes: A: relevant to all conditions of use S: relevant to specific conditions of use “—”: indicates that the characteristic is not relevant for that product. Particular site-specific application cases may contain requirements for additional properties and - preferably standardized - test methods, if they are technically relevant and not conflicting with European Standards. The design life of the product should be determined, since its function may be temporary, as construction expediency, or permanent, for the lifetime of the structure. SIST EN 13493:2018
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