CR 14376:2002

Adhesives - Adhesives for paper and board, packaging and disposable sanitary products - Description and assessment of the setting process

The setting of an adhesive is a complex process, during which the adhesive develops its cohesive strength. It takes place in several phases, which are affected by numerous factors e.g. environmental conditions, substrates, coating weight, etc. Terms commonly used, related to the setting process are e.g. open time (correctly termed maximum open time), wet tack, hot tack, green tack, closed time, setting time. This European standard defines these terms in detail and describes the various aspects of the setting procedures used to assess the setting process.

Lepila - Lepila za papir in karton za embalažo in higienske izdelke za enkratno uporabo - Opis in ocena procesa lepljenja

General Information

• Status: Withdrawn
• Publication Date: 15-Jan-2002
• Withdrawal Date: 30-Jun-2020
• ICS: 83.180 - Adhesives
• Technical Committee: CEN/TC 193 - Adhesives
• Drafting Committee: CEN/TC 193/WG 3 - Adhesives for paper and board, packaging and disposable sanitary products
• Current Stage: 9960 - Withdrawal effective - Withdrawal
• Completion Date: 01-Jul-2020
• Ref Project: SIST CR 14376:2002 - Adhesives - Adhesives for paper and board, packaging and disposable sanitary products - Description and assessment of the setting process

Standards Content (Sample)

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-september-2002
Lepila - Lepila za papir in karton za embalažo in higienske izdelke za enkratno
uporabo - Opis in ocena procesa lepljenja
Adhesives - Adhesives for paper and board, packaging and disposable sanitary products
- Description and assessment of the setting process
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: CR 14376:2002
ICS:
83.180 Lepila Adhesives
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

CEN REPORT
CR 14376
RAPPORT CEN
CEN BERICHT
January 2002
ICS
English version
Adhesives - Adhesives for paper and board, packaging and
disposable sanitary products - Description and assessment of
the setting process
This CEN Report was approved by CEN on 30 November 2001. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee CEN/TC 193.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece,
Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36  B-1050 Brussels
© 2002 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. CR 14376:2002 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

Contents
Foreword.3
1 Scope .5
2 Normative references .5
3 Terms and definitions.5
4 Safety .5
5 Description of terms of the setting process .6
5.1 General.6
5.2 Setting.6
5.3 Setting time.6
5.4 Maximum open time .6
5.5 Bond Setting time .7
5.6 Hot Tack - Wet Tack.7
Annex A (informative) Examples of equipment available on the market.8
A.1 Principle of WERLE Tack tester .8
A.2 Principle of OLINGER adhesion bond tester .8
A.3 Principle of FIPAGO adhesive tester .9
A.4 Principle of the WACKER AZG-TESTING apparatus.10
A.5 Principle of the ASSTI (Adhesive Setting Speed Test Instrument).11
Foreword
This document (CR 14376:2002)) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 193 "Adhesives", the
secretariat of which is held by AENOR.
This Report includes an informative Annex A.
Introduction
The setting of an adhesive is a complex process, during which the adhesive develops its cohesive strength.
It takes place in several phases which are affected by numerous factors e.g. environmental conditions, substrates,
coating weight, etc. Terms commonly used, related to the setting process are e.g. open time (correctly termed
maximum open time), wet tack, hot tack, green tack, closed time, setting time.
1 Scope
This Report defines the terms of the setting process in detail, and describes the various aspects of the testing
procedures used to assess the setting process.
2 Normative references
This CEN Report incorporates by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications. These normative
references are cited at the appropriate places in the text, and the publications are listed hereafter. For dated
references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications apply to this CEN Report only
when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references the latest edition of the publication
referred to applies (including amendments).
EN 923, Adhesives - Terms and definitions
EN 1066, Adhesives - Sampling
ISO 291, Plastics - Standard atmospheres for conditioning and testing
3 Terms and definitions
For the purpose of this CEN Report the terms and definitions in accordance with EN 923 and the following apply.
3.1
setting
process by which an adhesive develops its cohesive strength and thus the physical and chemical properties of its
bond
NOTE The development can be effected by physical changes (gelation, hydration, cooling, evaporation of volatile
constituents) and/or chemical reactions (polymerization, crosslinking, oxidation, curing).
[EN 923:1998]
3.2
setting time
period of time necessary for an adhesive to set under the specified conditions
[EN 923:1998]
3.3
maximum open time
maximum time interval after which an adhesive coat being applied loses its bonding ability
[EN 923:1998]
4 Safety
Persons using this Report shall be familiar with normal laboratory practice. This document does not purport to
address all the safety problems, if any, associated with its use it is the responsibility of the user to establish safety
and health practices and to ensure compliance with any European and national conditions.
5 Description of terms of the setting process
5.1 General
The following terms are used to describe the setting process and to test the setting properties of adhesives for
paper and board, packaging and disposable sanitary products.
The description includes some recommendations for testing setting properties.
5.2 Setting
The increase in strength of an adhesive bond with time can be measured.
An adhesive is usually applied to an adherend in liquid or molten form and has a relatively low cohesive strength at
the time of application. The adhesive will undergo physical change e.g. loss of water, solvent or thermal energy or
gellation or crystallisation and/or chemical changes e.g. polymerisation, crosslinking, oxidation reflected in an
increase in viscosity and cohesive strength.
This increase in viscosity and cohesive strength is called "setting".
In the case of adhesive coatings e.g. heat seal or remoistenable adhesives, the coating should first be reactivated
by adding thermal energy and/or water. In the case of cold seal or contact adhesives pressure could also be
necessary.
Bond strength appears to develop continuously with the majority of adhesives, but in distinct phases with others.
NOTE The direct measurement of cohesive strength of adhesives used for paper and packaging is difficult. Therefore, in
practice, the strength of a bond is measured and the increase in the bond strength with time is taken to be a measure of the
increase of the cohesive strength.
5.3 Setting time
When the cohesive strength of an adhesive no longer increases with time, the adhesive has set and the time taken
for this to occur is called “setting time”.
However, in bonds the speed of setting is influenced by the adherends, the assembling and by the environmental
conditions.
Therefore the setting time observed in practice by various procedures (e.g. time to reach fibre tear, substrate failure
or a define
...