EN 1365-1:2012

• Abstract:

  This European Standard specifies a method of testing the fire resistance of loadbearing walls. It is applicable to both internal and external walls. The fire resistance of external walls can be determined under internal or external exposure conditions. ; The fire resistance performance of loadbearing walls is normally evaluated without perforations such as doors, glazing or fire resistant ducts. If it can be demonstrated that the design of the opening is such that load is not transmitted to the perforation, then the perforation need not be tested in the loaded condition. If perforations are to be included, the effects of these will need to be separately established.; This test method is not applicable to non-separating loadbearing walls which, in short widths, can be tested as columns to EN 1365-4.; This European Standard is used in conjunction with EN 1363-1:1999.

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 09-Oct-2012
• Withdrawal Date: 29-Apr-2013
• ICS: 13.220.50 - Fire-resistance of building materials and elements
• ICS: 91.060.10 - Walls. Partitions. Facades
• Technical Committee: CEN/TC 127 - Fire safety in buildings
• Drafting Committee: CEN/TC 127/WG 1 - Structural and separating elements
• Current Stage: 9093 - Decision to confirm - Review Enquiry
• Start Date: 07-Nov-2024
• Completion Date: 17-Sep-2026
• Directive: Harmonized Standard305/2011 - Regulation (eu) No 305/2011 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 9 march 2011 laying down harmonised conditions for the marketing of construction products and repealing council directive 89/106/eec
• Directive:

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  Not Harmonized89/106/EEC - Construction products
• Mandate: M/117 - Horizontal complement to the mandates to CEN/CENELEC concerning the execution of standardization work for the valuation of construction products and elements in respect of their resistance to fire
• Ref Project: SIST EN 1365-1:2013 - Fire resistance tests for loadbearing elements - Part 1: Walls

• Replaces: EN 1365-1:1999 - Fire resistance tests for loadbearing elements - Part 1: Walls
• Effective Date: 08-Jun-2022
• Refers: EN 1363-2:1999 - Fire resistance tests - Part 2: Alternative and additional procedures
• Effective Date: 28-Jan-2026
• Refers: EN ISO 13943:2010 - Fire safety - Vocabulary (ISO 13943:2008)
• Effective Date: 28-Jan-2026
• Refers: EN 1363-1:2020 - Fire resistance tests - Part 1: General requirements
• Effective Date: 28-Jan-2026
• Referred By: ENV 13381-7:2002 - Test methods for determining the contribution to the fire resistance of structural members - Part 7: Applied protection to timber members
• Effective Date: 28-Jan-2026
• Referred By: EN 378-3:2016+A1:2020 - Refrigerating systems and heat pumps - Safety and environmental requirements - Part 3: Installation site and personal protection
• Effective Date: 28-Jan-2026
• Referred By: EN 15998:2020 - Glass in building - Safety in case of fire, fire resistance - Glass testing methodology for the purpose of classification
• Effective Date: 28-Jan-2026
• Referred By: EN 1995-1-2:2004 - Eurocode 5: Design of timber structures - Part 1-2: General - Structural fire design
• Effective Date: 28-Jan-2026
• Referred By: EN 1047-2:2009 - Secure storage units - Classification and methods of test for resistance to fire - Part 2: Data rooms and data container
• Effective Date: 28-Jan-2026
• Referred By: EN 13381-2:2014 - Test methods for determining the contribution to the fire resistance of structural members - Part 2: Vertical protective membranes
• Effective Date: 28-Jan-2026
• Referred By: EN 378-3:2016 - Refrigerating systems and heat pumps - Safety and environmental requirements - Part 3: Installation site and personal protection
• Effective Date: 28-Jan-2026
• Referred By: EN 1365-4:1999 - Fire resistance tests for loadbearing elements - Part 4: Columns
• Effective Date: 28-Jan-2026
• Referred By: EN 357:2004 - Glass in building - Fire resistant glazed elements with transparent or translucent glass products - Classification of fire resistance
• Effective Date: 28-Jan-2026
• Referred By: EN 13501-2:2023 - Fire classification of construction products and building elements - Part 2: Classification using data from fire resistance and/or smoke control tests, excluding ventilation services
• Effective Date: 28-Jan-2026
• Referred By: EN 13658-2:2005 - Metal lath and beads - Definitions, requirements and test methods - Part 2: External rendering
• Effective Date: 28-Jan-2026

Overview

EN 1365-1:2012 - Fire resistance tests for loadbearing elements - Part 1: Walls (CEN) specifies a standardized laboratory method to measure the fire resistance of loadbearing walls under representative mechanical loading and thermal exposure. It applies to both internal and external walls, with external walls allowed to be tested under internal or external exposure conditions. The standard is intended to demonstrate the wall’s ability to maintain loadbearing capacity, integrity, and where applicable insulation during a fire.

Key topics and technical requirements

• Scope & applicability
  • Applies to separating loadbearing walls; non-separating short-width walls may be tested as columns per EN 1365-4.
  • Normally excludes perforations (doors, glazing, ducts); if included their effects must be established separately.
• Test specimen design
  • Specimens must be fully representative of the intended in-service construction.
  • If a wall dimension is ≤ 3 m it shall be tested at full size; if > 3 m that dimension shall be at least 3 m in the specimen.
  • When horizontal joints occur in practice, tests must include such joints (positioned 350–650 mm from the top edge on the unexposed face).
• Loading and restraint
  • Mechanical loading was introduced into this edition - loads may be applied axially or eccentrically, via loading jacks or rigid beams.
  • Interfaces must avoid point loading (infill medium ≤ 30 mm unless otherwise required).
• Installation & clearances
  • A 25–50 mm gap is required between specimen vertical edges and the test frame; packed with resilient non‑combustible material (e.g., mineral fibre) allowing movement while sealing.
  • Plinths or suitable frame attachments may reduce openings when specimen dimensions are smaller than the frame.
• Test environment & instrumentation
  • Furnace atmosphere, plate thermometers and other instrumentation follow EN 1363-1:1999 and EN 1363-2 where applicable.
• Performance criteria
  • Evaluates loadbearing capacity, integrity and insulation (insulated vs uninsulated walls) for defined fire resistance periods.

Applications and who uses it

• Fire testing laboratories: to conduct repeatable, accredited fire resistance tests on loadbearing wall systems.
• Structural and fire safety engineers: to validate and specify wall constructions for required fire resistance (R, E, I criteria).
• Manufacturers of wall systems, claddings and facades: to demonstrate compliance and derive field-of-application rules for product ranges.
• Regulatory authorities, building control and architects: to assess conformity with building codes and to select appropriate wall constructions for safe design.

Related standards

• EN 1363-1:1999 - Fire resistance tests - General requirements (used in conjunction)
• EN 1363-2 - Alternative and additional procedures
• Other parts of EN 1365 series: Part 2 (floors/roofs), Part 3 (beams), Part 4 (columns), Part 5 (balconies), Part 6 (stairs)

Keywords: EN 1365-1:2012, fire resistance tests, loadbearing walls, CEN, fire safety, test specimen, mechanical loading, EN 1363-1.

2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Preskusi požarne odpornosti nosilnih elementov - 1. del: SteneFeuerwiderstandsprüfungen für tragende Bauteile - Teil 1: WändeEssais de résistance au feu des éléments porteurs - Partie 1 : MursFire resistance tests for loadbearing elements - Part 1: Walls91.060.10Stene. Predelne stene. FasadeWalls. Partitions. Facades13.220.50Požarna odpornost gradbenih materialov in elementovFire-resistance of building materials and elementsICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 1365-1:2012SIST EN 1365-1:2013en,fr,de01-marec-2013SIST EN 1365-1:2013SLOVENSKI
STANDARDSIST EN 1365-1:19991DGRPHãþD

EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM
EN 1365-1
October 2012 ICS 13.220.50; 91.060.10 Supersedes EN 1365-1:1999English Version
Fire resistance tests for loadbearing elements - Part 1: Walls
Essais de résistance au feu des éléments porteurs - Partie 1: Murs
Feuerwiderstandsprüfungen für tragende Bauteile - Teil 1: Wände This European Standard was approved by CEN on 13 July 2012.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre:
Avenue Marnix 17,
B-1000 Brussels © 2012 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 1365-1:2012: ESIST EN 1365-1:2013

Caution The attention of all persons concerned with managing and carrying out this fire resistance test is drawn to the fact that fire testing may be hazardous and that there is a possibility that toxic and/or harmful smoke and gases may be evolved during the test. Mechanical and operational hazards may also arise during the construction of the test elements or structures, their testing and disposal of test residues. An assessment of all potential hazards and risks to health should be made and safety precautions should be identified and provided. Written safety instructions should be issued. Appropriate training should be given to relevant personnel. Laboratory personnel should ensure that they follow written safety instructions at all times. SIST EN 1365-1:2013

This European Standard specifies a method of testing the fire resistance of loadbearing walls. It is applicable to both internal and external walls. The fire resistance of external walls can be determined under internal or external exposure conditions.
The fire resistance performance of loadbearing walls is normally evaluated without perforations such as doors, glazing or fire resistant ducts. If it can be demonstrated that the design of the opening is such that load is not transmitted to the perforation, then the perforation need not be tested in the loaded condition. If perforations are to be included, the effects of these will need to be separately established. This test method is not applicable to non-separating loadbearing walls which, in short widths, can be tested as columns to EN 1365-4. This European Standard is used in conjunction with EN 1363-1:1999. 2 Normative references The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 1363-1:1999, Fire resistance tests  Part 1: General requirements EN 1363-2, Fire resistance tests  Part 2: Alternative and additional procedures EN ISO 13943:2010, Fire safety  Vocabulary (ISO 13943:2008) 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN 1363-1:1999 and EN ISO 13943:2010 together with the following apply. 3.1 loadbearing wall wall designed to support an applied load 3.2 internal wall wall which provides fire separation and which may be exposed separately to a fire from either side 3.3 external wall wall forming the external envelope of a building which may be exposed separately to an internal or an external fire 3.4 insulated wall wall, which satisfies both the integrity and insulation criteria for the anticipated fire resistance period 3.5 uninsulated wall wall which satisfies the integrity and, where required, the radiation criteria for the anticipated fire resistance period, but which is not intended to provide insulation
Note 1 to entry:
Such a loadbearing wall may consist entirely of uninsulated fire resistant panels SIST EN 1365-1:2013

Where the loading is applied by a rigid beam, it shall be of sufficient stiffness to ensure uniform vertical deflection along the test specimen. Where the load is applied individually to studs within the wall the loading system shall allow for maintenance of constant load at each loading point. 5 Test conditions 5.1 Furnace atmosphere The heating and pressure conditions and the furnace atmosphere sh
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