FprEN ISO 11819-1

Acoustics - Measurement of the influence of road surfaces on traffic noise - Part 1: Statistical Pass-By method (ISO/FDIS 11819-1:2022)

This document specifies a method of comparing traffic noise on different road surfaces for various compositions of road traffic for the purpose of evaluating different road surface types. Sound levels representing either light or heavy vehicles at selected speeds are assigned to a certain road surface. The method is applicable to traffic travelling at constant speed, i.e. free-flowing conditions at posted speeds of 50 km/h and upwards. For conditions where traffic is not free flowing, such as at junctions and where the traffic is congested, the method is not applicable.
A standard method for comparing the noise characteristics of road surfaces gives road and environment authorities a tool for establishing common practices or limits regarding the use of road surfaces meeting certain noise criteria. However, it is not within the scope of ISO 11819 (all parts) to suggest such criteria.
The statistical pass-by (SPB) method is suitable for use for the following main purposes:
—    to classify road surfaces according to their influence on traffic noise (surface classification);
—    to assist in verifying conformity of production of road surfaces;
—    to evaluate acoustic performance of road surfaces throughout operation relative to new condition;
—    to evaluate the influence of different road surfaces on traffic noise at sites irrespective of condition and service time;
—    to evaluate acoustic performance of a road surface relative to a reference surface.
Due to practical restrictions, the method cannot be applied at all possible locations. However, the backing board method can allow some locations to be tested that were not previously acceptable.
Clause 5 gives a general description of the SPB method.

Akustik - Messung des Einflusses von Straßenoberflächen auf Verkehrsgeräusche - Teil 1: Statistisches Vorbeifahrtverfahren (ISO/FDIS 11819-1:2022)

Dieses Dokument legt ein Verfahren zum Vergleich von Verkehrsgeräuschen auf unterschiedlichen Deckschichten bei verschiedenen Verkehrszusammensetzungen fest, um die einzelnen Deckschichtarten zu bewerten. Schallpegel, die Pkw oder Lkw bei bestimmten Geschwindigkeiten repräsentieren, werden bestimmten Deckschichten zugeschrieben. Das Verfahren gilt für Verkehr mit einer konstanten Geschwindigkeit, d. h. frei fließend, von mindestens 50 km/h. Für den Fall, dass der Verkehr nicht frei fließt, wie an Kreuzungen oder bei Stau, ist das Verfahren nicht anwendbar.
Ein genormtes Verfahren zum Vergleich der akustischen Eigenschaften von Deckschichten gibt Straßen- und Umweltbehörden ein Hilfsmittel zur Auswahl von gängigen Verfahren oder Grenzwerten im Hinblick auf die Nutzung von Deckschichten, die bestimmten Geräuschgrenzwerten entsprechen, an die Hand. Die Empfehlung solcher Kriterien liegt jedoch nicht im Anwendungsbereich von ISO 11819 (alle Teile).
Das statistische Vorbeifahrtverfahren (SPB-Verfahren) ist zur Anwendung für die folgenden Hauptzwecke geeignet:
   Klassifizierung von Deckschichten entsprechend ihrem Einfluss auf Verkehrsgeräusche (Klassifizierung von Oberflächen);
   Unterstützung der Überprüfung der konformen Herstellung von Deckschichten;
   Bewertung der akustischen Qualität von Deckschichten über ihre Lebensdauer im Vergleich zum neuen Zustand;
   Bewertung des Einflusses verschiedener Deckschichten auf Verkehrsgeräusche an verschiedenen Orten, unabhängig von ihrem Zustand und ihrer Betriebsdauer;
   Bewertung der akustischen Qualität von Deckschichten gegenüber einer Referenzdeckschicht.
Aufgrund praktischer Beschränkungen kann das Verfahren nicht an allen möglichen Standorten angewendet werden. Das Verfahren mit Abschirmplatte kann jedoch die Prüfung an einigen Standorten ermöglichen, die zuvor nicht annehmbar waren.
Abschnitt 5 enthält eine allgemeine Beschreibung des SPB-Verfahrens.

Acoustique - Méthode de mesurage de l'influence des revêtements de chaussées sur le bruit émis par la circulation - Partie 1: Méthode statistique au passage (ISO/FDIS 11819-1:2022)

Le présent document présente une méthode dite «méthode SPB» (de l’anglais «Statistical Pass-By» signifiant statistique au passage) pour la comparaison du bruit émis par la circulation, pour différentes conditions de trafic, sur différents revêtements afin d’évaluer les différents types de revêtements de chaussée. Les niveaux sonores représentant des véhicules légers ou lourds à des vitesses définies sont attachés à un type spécifique de revêtements. La méthode est applicable à des véhicules se déplaçant à vitesse constante, c’est-à­dire dans des conditions de circulation fluide à des vitesses recommandées de 50 km/h et plus. La méthode ne s’applique pas dans les conditions où la circulation n’est pas fluide, par exemple au niveau des carrefours et aux endroits où il y a souvent des embouteillages.
Une méthode normalisée de comparaison des caractéristiques acoustiques des revêtements de chaussée fournit aux autorités responsables du réseau routier et de l’environnement un outil leur permettant d’établir des pratiques courantes ou des limites pour l’utilisation de revêtements de chaussée conformes à certains critères acoustiques. La définition de ces critères ne fait toutefois pas l’objet de l’ISO 11819 (toutes les parties).
La méthode SPB est conçue pour les applications principales suivantes:
—    classer les revêtements de chaussée dans des catégories correspondant à leur influence sur le bruit émis par la circulation (classification des revêtements);
—    aider à vérifier la conformité de la fabrication des revêtements de chaussée;
—    évaluer les performances acoustiques des revêtements de chaussée pendant toute leur durée d’exploitation par rapport à l’état neuf;
—    évaluer l’influence de différents revêtements de chaussée sur le bruit émis par la circulation sur des sites spécifiques, quels que soient leur état et leur vieillissement;
—    évaluer les performances acoustiques d’un revêtement de chaussée par rapport à un revêtement de référence.
En raison de restrictions pratiques, la méthode ne peut pas être appliquée à tous les emplacements possibles. Cependant, la méthode dite du «panneau acoustiquement réfléchissant» peut permettre de soumettre à essai certains emplacements qui, jusqu’ici, n’étaient pas acceptables.
L’Article 5 fournit une description générale de la méthode SPB.

Akustika - Merjenje vpliva cestnih površin na prometni hrup - 1. del: Statistična metoda vožnje v prostem prometnem toku (ISO/FDIS 11819-1:2022)

General Information

• Status: Not Published
• Publication Date: 23-Jul-2023
• ICS: 17.140.30 - Noise emitted by means of transport
• ICS: 93.080.20 - Road construction materials
• Technical Committee: CEN/TC 227 - Road materials
• Drafting Committee: CEN/TC 227/WG 5 - Surface characteristics
• Current Stage: 6055 - CEN Ratification completed (DOR) - Publishing
• Start Date: 21-Feb-2023
• Completion Date: 21-Feb-2023
• Ref Project: kSIST FprEN ISO 11819-1:2023 - Acoustics - Measurement of the influence of road surfaces on traffic noise - Part 1: Statistical Pass-By method (ISO/FDIS 11819-1:2022)

Relations

• Revises: EN ISO 11819-1:2001 - Acoustics - Measurement of the influence of road surfaces on traffic noise - Part 1: Statistical Pass-By method (ISO 11819-1:1997)
• Effective Date: 11-Dec-2018

Standards Content (Sample)

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
oSIST prEN ISO 11819-1:2022
01-februar-2022

Akustika - Merjenje vpliva cestnih površin na prometni hrup - 1. del: Statistična

metoda vožnje v prostem prometnem toku (ISO/DIS 11819-1:2021)

Acoustics - Measurement of the influence of road surfaces on traffic noise - Part 1:

Statistical Pass-By method (ISO/DIS 11819-1:2021)

Akustik - Messung des Einflusses von Straßenoberflächen auf Verkehrsgeräusche - Teil

1: Statistisches Vorbeifahrtverfahren (ISO/DIS 11819-1:2021)

Acoustique - Méthode de mesurage de l'influence des revêtements de chaussées sur le

bruit émis par la circulation - Partie 1: Méthode statistique au passage (ISO/DIS 11819-

1:2021)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN ISO 11819-1
ICS:
17.140.30 Emisija hrupa transportnih Noise emitted by means of
sredstev transport
93.080.20 Materiali za gradnjo cest Road construction materials
oSIST prEN ISO 11819-1:2022 en,fr,de

2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
oSIST prEN ISO 11819-1:2022
---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
oSIST prEN ISO 11819-1:2022
DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARD
ISO/DIS 11819-1
ISO/TC 43/SC 1 Secretariat: DIN
Voting begins on: Voting terminates on:
2021-12-14 2022-03-08
Acoustics — Measurement of the influence of road surfaces
on traffic noise —
Part 1:
Statistical Pass-By method

Acoustique — Méthode de mesurage de l'influence des revêtements de chaussées sur le bruit émis par la

circulation —
Partie 1: Méthode statistique au passage
ICS: 17.140.30
This document is circulated as received from the committee secretariat.
THIS DOCUMENT IS A DRAFT CIRCULATED
FOR COMMENT AND APPROVAL. IT IS
ISO/CEN PARALLEL PROCESSING
THEREFORE SUBJECT TO CHANGE AND MAY
NOT BE REFERRED TO AS AN INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD UNTIL PUBLISHED AS SUCH.
IN ADDITION TO THEIR EVALUATION AS
BEING ACCEPTABLE FOR INDUSTRIAL,
TECHNOLOGICAL, COMMERCIAL AND
USER PURPOSES, DRAFT INTERNATIONAL
STANDARDS MAY ON OCCASION HAVE TO
BE CONSIDERED IN THE LIGHT OF THEIR
POTENTIAL TO BECOME STANDARDS TO
WHICH REFERENCE MAY BE MADE IN
Reference number
NATIONAL REGULATIONS.
ISO/DIS 11819-1:2021(E)
RECIPIENTS OF THIS DRAFT ARE INVITED
TO SUBMIT, WITH THEIR COMMENTS,
NOTIFICATION OF ANY RELEVANT PATENT
RIGHTS OF WHICH THEY ARE AWARE AND TO
PROVIDE SUPPORTING DOCUMENTATION. © ISO 2021
---------------------- Page: 3 ----------------------
oSIST prEN ISO 11819-1:2022
ISO/DIS 11819-1:2021(E)
COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO 2021

All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may

be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on

the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below

or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: [phone]
Email: [e-mail]
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
© ISO 2021 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 4 ----------------------
oSIST prEN ISO 11819-1:2022
ISO/DIS 11819-1:2021(E)
Contents Page

Foreword ..........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................v

Introduction .............................................................................................................................................................................................................................vii

1 Scope ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 1

2 Normative references ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 1

3  Terms and definitions .................................................................................................................................................................................... 2

3.1 Types of noise .......................................................................................................................................................................................... 2

3.2 Road speed categories ..................................................................................................................................................................... 2

3.3 Vehicle categories................................................................................................................................................................................. 3

3.4 Measured noise quantities ........................................................................................................................................................... 3

3.5 Road surface terms ............................................................................................................................................................................. 3

3.6 Backing board terms ......................................................................................................................................................................... 4

4  Symbols and abbreviated terms..........................................................................................................................................................4

5  Measuring principle ......................................................................................................................................................................................... 4

6 Instrumentation ................................................................................................................................................................................................... 5

6.1 Instruments for acoustical measurements ................................................................................................................... 5

6.1.1 General ........................................................................................................................................................................................ 5

6.1.2 Verification .............................................................................................................................................................................. 5

6.2 Instruments for vehicle speed measurements........................................................................................................... 5

6.2.1 General ........................................................................................................................................................................................ 5

6.2.2 Verification .............................................................................................................................................................................. 6

6.3 Instruments for temperature measurements ............................................................................................................ 6

6.3.1 General ........................................................................................................................................................................................ 6

6.3.2 Verification .............................................................................................................................................................................. 6

7  Test sites ....................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 6

7.1 Selection of measuring site ......................................................................................................................................................... 6

7.2 Deviations from free-field conditions ................................................................................................................................ 7

7.3 Considerations of guard rails and other barriers which can reflect or screen the

sound ............................................................................................................................................................................................................... 7

7.4 Surface between the tested road surface and microphone ............................................................................ 7

7.5 Backing board ......................................................................................................................................................................................... 9

8  Traffic conditions ................................................................................................................................................................................................9

8.1 Vehicle classification ......................................................................................................................................................................... 9

8.2 Selection of vehicles for measurement .............................................................................................................................. 9

8.3 Minimum number of vehicles ................................................................................................................................................. 10

8.4 Road speed categories .................................................................................................................................................................. 11

9  Measuring procedure ..................................................................................................................................................................................11

9.1 Microphone position ....................................................................................................................................................................... 11

9.2 Calibrations ............................................................................................................................................................................................ 13

9.3 Sound level measurement ........................................................................................................................................... ...............13

9.4 Frequency spectrum measurement.................................................................................................................................. 13

9.5 Speed measurement ....................................................................................................................................................................... 13

9.6 Temperature measurement .....................................................................................................................................................13

10  Meteorological conditions ......................................................................................................................................................................13

10.1 Wind ..............................................................................................................................................................................................................13

10.2 Temperature .......................................................................................................................................................................................... 13

10.3 Recommendations on road surface moisture .......................................................................................................... 14

11  Background noise ............................................................................................................................................................................................14

12  Normalization of data ..................................................................................................................................................................................15

12.1 Compensating for the effect of the additional (higher) microphone position ............................15

iii
© ISO 2021 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 5 ----------------------
oSIST prEN ISO 11819-1:2022
ISO/DIS 11819-1:2021(E)

12.2 Combining vehicle categories H2 and H3+ into a common heavy vehicle category H .........15

12.3 Noise versus speed - regression analysis (for passenger cars) ................................................................ 15

12.4 Noise versus speed – normalization to reference speed (for heavy vehicles) ............................ 16

12.5 Noise versus speed – normalization of frequency spectra for vehicles in categories

P and H ........................................................................................................................................................................................................ 17

12.6 Determination of SPB Sound Level at reference speeds ................................................................................. 17

12.7 Useful speed range for the speed normalization .................................................................................................. 18

12.8 Correction of sound levels according to temperature ...................................................................................... 18

13  Measurement uncertainty ......................................................................................................................................................................18

14  Reported data ......................................................................................................................................................................................................20

Annex A (normative) Vehicle categories ........................................................................................................................................... ............22

Annex B (informative) Determination of the Statistical Pass-By Index (SPBI) ...................................................26

Annex C (informative) The backing board variant ............................................................................................................................28

Annex D (informative) Adding 95 % confidence intervals .......................................................................................................33

Annex E (informative) Validity and stability of the method....................................................................................................35

Annex F (informative) Reference road surface .....................................................................................................................................36

Annex G (informative) Monitoring the stability of sound levels of vehicle fleets ............................................38

Annex H (informative) Uncertainty ...................................................................................................................................................................40

Annex I (informative) Example of test report .........................................................................................................................................43

Bibliography .............................................................................................................................................................................................................................46

© ISO 2021 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 6 ----------------------
oSIST prEN ISO 11819-1:2022
ISO/DIS 11819-1:2021(E)
Foreword

ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards

bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out

through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical

committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International

organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.

ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of

electrotechnical standardization.

The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are

described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the

different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the

editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).

Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of

patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of

any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or

on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).

Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not

constitute an endorsement.

For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and

expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to

the World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see

www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.

This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 43, Acoustics, Subcommittee SC 1, Noise.

This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 11819-1:1997), which has been technically

revised. In addition, ISO/PAS 11819-4 has now been integrated as Annex C in this edition.

The main changes compared to the previous edition are as follows:

— The backing board method makes possible a wider application of the method, where the old version

would not meet the acoustical free field conditions.

— Changes to nomenclature for vehicle categories in Subclause 3.1, including the introduction of a

'generic' vehicle category and the introduction of a minimum gross vehicle weight (8 tonnes) for

dual-axle heavy vehicles.
— Changes to some key symbols and abbreviations in Clause 4.

— Using a generic speed exponent for heavy vehicles instead of calculating a speed exponent from each

measurement.

— Using a correction to 2-axle medium vehicles for correcting them to a level typical of 3-axle heavy

vehicles.
— More liberal requirement regarding the number of heavy vehicles to measure.

— An additional microphone position (at the height of 3,0 m) can be used in cases where reflecting

objects could influence the results.

The objective of the changes and supplements is to make SPB measurements more practical while

maintaining or reducing uncertainties.
A list of all parts in the ISO 11819 series can be found on the ISO website.
© ISO 2021 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 7 ----------------------
oSIST prEN ISO 11819-1:2022
ISO/DIS 11819-1:2021(E)

Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A

complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.
© ISO 2021 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 8 ----------------------
oSIST prEN ISO 11819-1:2022
ISO/DIS 11819-1:2021(E)
Introduction

The emission of road traffic noise greatly depends on road surface characteristics, notably on texture

and porosity; the latter due to the flow resistivity of the air voids. Both these characteristics influence

the generation of tyre/road noise and, in addition, the porosity can influence the emission of sound,

particularly when the emission takes place close to the surface. Power unit noise, which is usually

generated at a greater height above the road surface than tyre/road noise, may also be affected during

emission by the porosity characteristics of the road surface. These effects lead to differences in sound

levels, associated with a given traffic flow and composition, from different road surfaces of up to 15 dB,

which can have a substantial impact on the environmental acoustic quality alongside a road.

It is therefore important to be able to measure this influence by a standardized method and to arrive

at a quantitative ranking of road surfaces with respect to traffic noise. This document offers such a

method, the objective of which is to satisfy a need expressed by road planners, road administrators,

contractors, manufacturers of so-called "low-noise surfaces" and by other parties concerned with the

prediction and control of road traffic noise.
vii
© ISO 2021 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 9 ----------------------
oSIST prEN ISO 11819-1:2022
---------------------- Page: 10 ----------------------
oSIST prEN ISO 11819-1:2022
DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/DIS 11819-1:2021(E)
Acoustics — Measurement of the influence of road surfaces
on traffic noise —
Part 1:
Statistical Pass-By method
1 Scope

This document specifies a method of comparing traffic noise on different road surfaces for various

compositions of road traffic for the purpose of evaluating different road surface types. Sound levels

representing either light or heavy vehicles at selected speeds are assigned to a certain road surface.

The method is applicable to traffic travelling at constant speed, i.e. free-flowing conditions at posted

speeds of 50 km/h and upwards. For conditions where traffic is not free flowing, such as at junctions

and where the traffic is congested, the method is not applicable.

A standard method for comparing the noise characteristics of road surfaces gives road and environment

authorities a tool for establishing common practices or limits regarding the use of road surfaces meeting

certain noise criteria. However, it is not within the scope of ISO 11819-series to suggest such criteria.

The Statistical Pass-By (SPB) method is suitable for use for the following main purposes:

— to classify road surfaces according to their influence on traffic noise (surface classification).;

— to assist in verifying conformity of production of road surfaces;

— to evaluate acoustic performance of road surfaces throughout operation relative to new condition;

— to evaluate the influence of different road surfaces on traffic noise at sites irrespective of condition

and service time;

— to evaluate acoustic performance of a road surface relative to a reference surface.

Due to practical restrictions, the method cannot be applied at all possible locations. However, the

backing board method can allow some locations to be tested that were not previously acceptable.

Clause 5 gives a general description of the SPB method.
2 Normative references

The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content

constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For

undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.

IEC 60942, Electroacoustics — Sound calibrators

IEC 61260-1, Electroacoustics — Octave-band and fractional-octave-band filters — Part 1: Specifications

IEC 61672-1, Electroacoustics — Sound level meters — Part 1: Specifications

ISO/IEC Guide 98-3, Uncertainty of measurement — Part 3: Guide to the expression of uncertainty in

measurement (GUM: 1995)
© ISO 2021 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 11 ----------------------
oSIST prEN ISO 11819-1:2022
ISO/DIS 11819-1:2021(E)
3  Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.

ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:

— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at https:// www .electropedia .org/
3.1  Types of noise
3.1.1
vehicle noise

total noise from an individual vehicle, including the two major components of power unit noise (3.1.3)

and tyre/road noise (3.1.2)
3.1.2
tyre/road noise
noise generated by the tyre/road interaction
3.1.3
power unit noise

noise generated by the vehicle engine, exhaust system, air intake, fans, transmission, etc.

3.1.4
background noise
unwanted noise interfering with the noise that is intended to be measured
3.2  Road speed categories

Three categories of roads are defined with respect to the range of speeds at which the traffic flows and

usually associated with certain areas (urban, suburban, rural, etc.)
3.2.1
"low" speed road
road category where traffic operates at an average speed of 45 km/h to 64 km/h
3.2.2
"medium" speed road
road category where traffic operates at an average speed of 65 km/h to 99 km/h

Note 1 to entry: These conditions are mostly found in suburban areas or on rural highways.

3.2.3
"high" speed road

road category where cars operate at an average speed of 100 km/h or more; but where heavy vehicles

may operate at lower average speed due to speed restrictions

Note 1 to entry: These conditions are usually associated with motorway traffic in rural or suburban areas.

3.2.4
reference speeds
ref
preferred speed for uniform reporting of measured data

Note 1 to entry: The reference speed is expressed in kilometres per hour. Most commonly used reference speeds

are 50 km/h, 80 km/h and 110 km/h (also in ISO 11819-2) but alternative speeds may be used, if required for

technical, safety and legislative reasons.
© ISO 2021 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 12 ----------------------
oSIST prEN ISO 11819-1:2022
ISO/DIS 11819-1:2021(E)
3.3  Vehicle categories
3.3.1
vehicle category

category of vehicles which have certain common features easy to identify in the traffic stream, such

as the number of axles and the size, that are assumed to correspond to similarities in sound emission

when driven under the same operating conditions
3.3.2
category P – passenger cars

vehicles used for passenger transportation, having two axles and having typically 4 to 5 seats

Note 1 to entry: see further Annex A
3.3.3
category H – heavy vehicles
categories H2 (3.3.3.1) and H3+ (3.3.3.2) combined
3.3.3.1
category H2 – dual-axle heavy vehicles

trucks, buses and coaches with two axles and four or six wheels, and having a gross vehicle mass of at

least 8 tonnes
Note 1 to entry: see Annex A
3.3.3.2
category H3+ – multi-axle heavy vehicles
trucks, buses and coaches with more than two axles
Note 1 to entry: see Annex A
3.4  Measured noise quantities
3.4.1
maximum sound level
Amax

highest A-weighted sound pressure level recorded by the measuring instrument during a vehicle pass-

by, using time weighting F
3.4.2
SPB sound level
L or L
SPB: P ,vref SPB: H ,vref

maximum A-weighted sound pressure level determined at a reference speed, v , calculated for either

ref
vehicle category P or H
3.4.3
statistical pass-by index
SPBI

noise index for comparison of road surfaces, based on the SPB sound levels, L and L , and

S PB : P ,vref S PB : H ,vref
considering the mix and speeds of vehicles
3.5  Road surface terms
3.5.1
dense road surface

road surface featuring a wearing course with a void content of not more than 10 % (by volume)

3.5.2
porous road surface

road surface featuring a wearing course with a void content of more than 15 % (by volume)

© ISO 2021 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 13 ----------------------
oSIST prEN ISO 11819-1:2022
ISO/DIS 11819-1:2021(E)
3.5.3
negatively textured road surface

road surface featuring a relatively flat upper part and relatively narrow valleys or troughs between the

main aggregate

Note 1 to entry: The skewness of its profile according to ISO 13472-2 is negative.

3.6  Backing board terms
3.6.1
backing board
rectangular, hard, reflective board on which a microphone is mounted
3.6.2
conventional microphone
free-field or pressure microphone
3.6.3
surface microphone

flush-mounted microphone designed to measure sound pressure on a surface without requiring the

drilling of a hole through it
4  Symbols and abbreviated terms

Table 1 lists the symbols used in this document. All acoustic variables are A-weighted.

Table 1 — Symbols and abbreviated terms used in this standard and their value or unit

Symbol Value/unit Explanation
L dB The maximum sound level, A-weighted, for vehicle No. i when it passes-by
Amax,i,v
at speed v

L dB The SPB sound level, for vehicle category P (passenger cars), at the reference

SPB:P,v
ref
speed v
ref

dB The SPB sound level, for vehicle category H (heavy vehicles), at the reference

SPB:H,v
ref
speed v
ref
dB The energy-equivalent A-weighted sound exposure level
ASEL
A dimensionless A constant used in the noise-to-speed relationship

B dimensionless Speed coefficient; i.e. increase in SPB level with a 10-fold increase in speed,

used to correct for deviations from the reference speed, v
ref
v km/h Measured speed of an individual vehicle during a pass-by measurement
meas
v km/h Reference speed; used to normalize SPB sound levels to a common speed
ref
5  Measuring principle
In the Statistical Pass-By (SPB) method, the maximum A-weighted sound pressur
...