EN 15273-1:2025
(Main)Railway applications - Gauges - Part 1: General - Common rules for rolling stock and infrastructure
Railway applications - Gauges - Part 1: General - Common rules for rolling stock and infrastructure
This document contains:
- the definitions and symbols for all EN 15273 documents;
- the general explanation of various elements and phenomena affecting heavy rail gauging;
- the general explanation of various calculation methods and processes applicable to the heavy rail gauging that allow the dimensioning of the rolling stock and the infrastructure.
This document is applicable to heavy rail vehicles and networks using various track gauges. Other vehicles and networks are outside the scope of this document, but the rules may be applied to them with some adjustments and agreement of the share of responsibility between rolling stock and infrastructure.
This document is not applicable to the gauges “S” and “T” for track gauge 1 520 mm.
Bahnanwendungen - Begrenzungslinien - Teil 1: Allgemeines - Gemeinsame Vorschriften für Fahrzeuge und Infrastruktur
Applications ferroviaires - Gabarits - Partie 1 : Explications de base et règles communes pour matériel roulant et infrastructure
Le présent document contient :
- les définitions et les symboles de tous les documents EN 15273 ;
- une explication générale des différents éléments et phénomènes ayant un impact sur la détermination du gabarit pour les véhicules ferroviaires lourds ;
- une explication générale des différentes conventions de calcul et des processus applicables à la détermination du gabarit pour les véhicules ferroviaires lourds, permettant le dimensionnement du matériel roulant et de l'infrastructure.
Le présent document s'applique aux véhicules ferroviaires lourds et aux réseaux employant divers écartements de voie. Les autres types de véhicules et de réseaux ne relèvent pas du domaine d'application du présent document, mais les règles de ce dernier peuvent s'y appliquer, en apportant quelques ajustements et en définissant le partage des responsabilités entre les organismes chargés du matériel roulant et de l'infrastructure.
Le présent document ne s'applique pas aux gabarits S et T pour l'écartement de voie 1 520 mm.
Železniške naprave - Profili - 1. del: Splošno - Skupna pravila, ki se nanašajo na železniška vozila in infrastrukturo
General Information
Relations
Overview
EN 15273-1:2025 - Railway applications - Gauges - Part 1: General establishes the common rules, terminology and symbols used across the EN 15273 series for heavy rail gauging. It provides general explanations of the elements and phenomena that affect railway gauges and describes the calculation methods and gauging processes used to dimension both rolling stock and infrastructure. Applicable to heavy rail vehicles and networks with various track gauges, this Part 1 is the foundation for route and vehicle compatibility assessment (note: gauges “S” and “T” for 1 520 mm track gauge are excluded).
Key topics and technical content
This standard consolidates definitions, symbols and approaches that apply across the EN 15273 family. Major technical topics include:
- Common terms, symbols and abbreviations used in gauging documents.
- Gauging approaches: guidance on choosing between defined gauges and gauging processes.
- Gauging processes: description of absolute and comparative gauging methods and principles.
- Reference profiles and calculation methods for gauge determination.
- Defined gauges broken down into kinematic, static and dynamic reference profiles.
- Specific considerations for key areas: pantograph envelope, lower parts, wheel–rail area, contact ramps, stopping devices, marshalling humps, and ferry access.
- Tolerances and phenomena affecting gauges: rolling/roll, geometric throw from bogies and car bodies, lateral/vertical displacements, clearances between adjacent tracks, electrification compatibility and cross-level variation.
- Support for computer simulation and the concept of a virtual route for comparative gauging.
Practical applications
EN 15273-1:2025 is used to:
- Dimension and verify vehicle and infrastructure geometry for safe operation and interoperability.
- Define reference profiles for vehicle design, route clearance checking and infrastructure modification.
- Support vehicle acceptance testing, route availability assessments and planning for electrification, ferry interfaces and marshalling yards.
- Provide inputs for simulation tools and virtual route analyses used in modern gauging workflows.
Who should use this standard
- Rolling stock designers and manufacturers
- Infrastructure managers and track engineers
- Railway safety and interoperability assessors
- Signalling, electrification and pantograph engineers
- Consultants performing route gauging, vehicle acceptance or clearance studies
Related standards
- EN 15273 series (other parts build on the definitions and rules in Part 1)
- National and CEN/CENELEC regulations for railway interoperability and safety
Keywords: EN 15273-1:2025, railway gauges, gauging, rolling stock, infrastructure, kinematic gauge, static gauge, dynamic gauge, absolute gauging, comparative gauging, pantograph clearance, route gauging, interoperability.
Frequently Asked Questions
EN 15273-1:2025 is a standard published by the European Committee for Standardization (CEN). Its full title is "Railway applications - Gauges - Part 1: General - Common rules for rolling stock and infrastructure". This standard covers: This document contains: - the definitions and symbols for all EN 15273 documents; - the general explanation of various elements and phenomena affecting heavy rail gauging; - the general explanation of various calculation methods and processes applicable to the heavy rail gauging that allow the dimensioning of the rolling stock and the infrastructure. This document is applicable to heavy rail vehicles and networks using various track gauges. Other vehicles and networks are outside the scope of this document, but the rules may be applied to them with some adjustments and agreement of the share of responsibility between rolling stock and infrastructure. This document is not applicable to the gauges “S” and “T” for track gauge 1 520 mm.
This document contains: - the definitions and symbols for all EN 15273 documents; - the general explanation of various elements and phenomena affecting heavy rail gauging; - the general explanation of various calculation methods and processes applicable to the heavy rail gauging that allow the dimensioning of the rolling stock and the infrastructure. This document is applicable to heavy rail vehicles and networks using various track gauges. Other vehicles and networks are outside the scope of this document, but the rules may be applied to them with some adjustments and agreement of the share of responsibility between rolling stock and infrastructure. This document is not applicable to the gauges “S” and “T” for track gauge 1 520 mm.
EN 15273-1:2025 is classified under the following ICS (International Classification for Standards) categories: 45.020 - Railway engineering in general; 45.060.01 - Railway rolling stock in general. The ICS classification helps identify the subject area and facilitates finding related standards.
EN 15273-1:2025 has the following relationships with other standards: It is inter standard links to EN 15273-1:2013+A1:2016/AC:2017, EN 15273-1:2013+A1:2016. Understanding these relationships helps ensure you are using the most current and applicable version of the standard.
EN 15273-1:2025 is associated with the following European legislation: EU Directives/Regulations: 2016/797/EU; Standardization Mandates: M/483, M/591. When a standard is cited in the Official Journal of the European Union, products manufactured in conformity with it benefit from a presumption of conformity with the essential requirements of the corresponding EU directive or regulation.
You can purchase EN 15273-1:2025 directly from iTeh Standards. The document is available in PDF format and is delivered instantly after payment. Add the standard to your cart and complete the secure checkout process. iTeh Standards is an authorized distributor of CEN standards.
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-december-2025
Nadomešča:
SIST EN 15273-1:2013+A1:2017
SIST EN 15273-1:2013+A1:2017/AC:2017
Železniške naprave - Profili - 1. del: Splošno - Skupna pravila, ki se nanašajo na
železniška vozila in infrastrukturo
Railway applications - Gauges - Part 1: General - Common rules for rolling stock and
infrastructure
Bahnanwendungen - Begrenzungslinien - Teil 1: Allgemeines - Gemeinsame
Vorschriften für Fahrzeuge und Infrastruktur
Applications ferroviaires - Gabarits - Partie 1 : Explications de base et règles communes
pour matériel roulant et infrastructure
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 15273-1:2025
ICS:
45.060.01 Železniška vozila na splošno Railway rolling stock in
general
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
EN 15273-1
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
October 2025
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 45.020; 45.060.01 Supersedes EN 15273-1:2013+A1:2016
English Version
Railway applications - Gauges - Part 1: General - Common
rules for rolling stock and infrastructure
Applications ferroviaires - Gabarits - Partie 1 : Bahnanwendungen - Begrenzungslinien - Teil 1:
Explications de base et règles communes pour matériel Allgemeines - Gemeinsame Vorschriften für Fahrzeuge
roulant et infrastructure und Infrastruktur
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 16 June 2025.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Türkiye and
United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2025 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 15273-1:2025 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
Contents Page
European foreword . 5
Introduction . 7
1 Scope . 8
2 Normative references . 8
3 Terms and definitions . 8
4 Symbols and abbreviations .18
4.1 Common symbols .18
4.2 Specific symbols for absolute and comparative gauging processes .28
5 Approaches to gauging .31
5.1 Railway gauging processes .31
5.2 How to use EN 15273 series .32
5.3 Choosing a defined gauge or a gauging process .33
5.3.1 Interoperability between Railway Undertaking and Infrastructure Manager .33
5.3.2 Defined gauging methods .34
5.3.3 Absolute gauging process .36
5.3.4 Comparative gauging process .37
6 Elements involved in a gauging process .37
6.1 General diagram in the lateral direction .37
6.2 General diagram in the vertical direction .38
7 Gauges and gauging process .39
7.1 Defined gauges by calculation .39
7.1.1 Basic elements of the defined gauges .39
7.1.2 Reference profile and associated rules .41
7.2 Absolute and comparative gauging process .42
7.2.1 General .42
7.2.2 Absolute gauging process .43
7.2.3 Comparative gauging process .46
Annex A (normative) Specific considerations for the classic calculations of defined gauges
....................................................................................................................................................................48
A.1 In the lateral direction .48
A.1.1 Geometric overthrow due to the bogie .48
A.1.2 Geometric overthrow due to the carbody .48
A.1.3 Clearance between the wheelsets and the carbody .49
A.1.4 Clearance between the wheelsets and the track .49
A.1.5 Roll .50
A.1.6 Lateral displacement of the track .57
A.2 In the vertical direction .57
Annex B (normative) Defined kinematic gauges .59
B.1 General .59
B.2 In the lateral direction .60
B.2.1 Inside the kinematic reference profile .60
B.2.2 Outside the kinematic reference profile .62
B.3 In the vertical direction .64
B.3.1 Inside the kinematic reference profile . 64
B.3.2 Outside the kinematic reference profile . 65
B.4 Pantograph gauge . 65
B.4.1 General principle . 65
B.4.2 In the lateral direction . 66
B.4.3 In the vertical direction . 69
B.5 Lower parts . 71
B.6 Wheel and rail area . 73
B.6.1 General . 73
B.6.2 Zone swept by the wheel . 73
B.6.3 Position of the check-rails . 75
B.7 Contact ramps . 75
B.7.1 General . 75
B.7.2 For the infrastructure . 76
B.7.3 For the rolling stock . 76
B.8 Stopping devices . 77
B.9 Marshalling hump . 78
B.9.1 General convention . 78
B.9.2 Track brakes installed close to the marshalling humps. 78
B.10 Access to ferries . 81
B.10.1 General Principle . 81
B.10.2 Passing over link spans onto ferries . 81
Annex C (normative) Defined static gauges . 82
C.1 General . 82
C.2 In the lateral direction . 82
C.2.1 Inside the static reference profile . 82
C.2.2 Outside the static reference profile . 83
C.3 In the vertical direction . 83
C.3.1 Inside the static reference profile . 83
C.3.2 Outside the static reference profile . 83
Annex D (normative) Defined dynamic gauges. 85
D.1 General . 85
D.2 In the lateral direction . 86
D.2.1 Inside the dynamic reference profile . 86
D.2.2 Outside the dynamic reference profile . 87
D.3 In the vertical direction . 88
D.3.1 Inside the dynamic reference profile . 88
D.3.2 Outside the dynamic reference profile . 89
D.4 Pantograph area . 89
D.4.1 General principle . 89
D.4.2 In the lateral direction . 89
D.4.3 In the vertical direction . 90
D.5 Lower parts . 91
D.5.1 General . 91
D.5.2 Wheel and rail area . 91
D.5.3 Stopping devices . 91
D.5.4 Marshalling hump . 92
D.5.5 Access to ferries . 92
Annex E (normative) The absolute gauging process . 93
E.1 Brief background . 93
E.2 Basic principles . 93
E.2.1 General . 93
E.2.2 Gauging compatibility .94
E.2.3 Generic throw calculation for absolute and comparative process .95
E.3 Elements of the gauging process .96
E.3.1 Lateral direction .96
E.3.2 Vertical direction .97
E.3.3 Passing clearances (Clearance between vehicles on adjacent tracks) .99
E.3.4 Clearance categories . 100
E.3.5 Electrical clearances . 101
E.3.6 Pantograph sway . 101
E.3.7 Electrification compatibility . 102
E.3.8 Cross-level variation . 103
Annex F (normative) The comparative gauging process . 104
F.1 Background . 104
F.2 Basic principles . 104
F.2.1 General . 104
F.2.2 Gauging compatibility . 105
F.2.3 Computer simulation . 106
F.3 Gauging process . 106
F.3.1 Virtual route . 106
F.3.2 Swept envelope calculation . 106
F.3.3 Comparison of swept envelopes . 107
Annex G (informative) Compatibility between static and kinematic defined gauges . 108
Annex H (normative) Steps for access and egress – Location and gaps with platform for
defined gauge . 111
H.1 General . 111
H.2 For the rolling stock . 111
H.2.1 Principles . 111
H.2.2 Location inside an area . 111
H.2.3 Maximum gaps . 113
H.2.4 Checking of horizontal location . 114
H.2.5 Horizontal location inside an area . 116
H.2.6 Maximum horizontal gap . 116
H.2.7 Checking of vertical location . 116
H.2.8 Vertical location inside an area . 117
H.2.9 Maximum vertical gap . 117
H.3 Conventional platform position . 117
H.3.1 General case . 117
H.3.2 For rolling stock dedicated to run on specific national infrastructure . 117
H.4 Conventional gaps . 120
Bibliography . 121
European foreword
This document (EN 15273-1:2025) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 256 “Railway
applications”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by April 2026, and conflicting national standards shall be
withdrawn at the latest by April 2026.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document, together with EN 15273-4:2025, will supersede EN 15273-1:2013+A1:2016.
The EN 15273 series, Railway applications — Gauges, consists of the following parts:
— EN 15273-1:2025, General — Common rules for rolling stock and infrastructure gives the general
explanations of gauging and defines the sharing of the space between rolling stock and
infrastructure;
— EN 15273-2:2025, Rolling stock gives the rules for dimensioning vehicles;
— EN 15273-3:2025, Infrastructure gives the rules for positioning the infrastructure;
— EN 15273-4:2025, Catalogue of defined gauges includes a non-exhaustive list of reference profiles
and parameters to be used by infrastructure and rolling stock;
— CEN/TR 15273-5:2025, Background, explanation and worked examples.
The characteristics of the new edition of EN 15273 series are:
— introduction of absolute and comparative gauging process in Parts 1, Part 2, Part 3 and Part 5;
— specific rules given for each defined gauge in EN 15273-2:2025 and EN 15273-3:2025 are replaced
by a common general set of basic formulae applicable for all. The applicable reference profile and the
specific associated rules are given in part 4;
— a new EN 15273-4:2025 gives the catalogue of gauges and associated rules coming from EN 15273-
1:2013+A1:2016;
— a new CEN/TR 15273-5:2025 gives background information coming from EN 15273-
1:2013+A1:2016 and worked examples.
In comparison with the previous edition, the following technical modifications have been made:
— the series was fully restructured, from three parts to five parts;
— Clause 3 and Clause 4 now refer to EN 15273-1:2025 where all terms and symbols are defined;
— harmonisation of symbols and index level for all parts of this series of standards;
— grouping in Annex A of the calculation elements specific to all defined templates from the paragraphs
of Clause 5, Clause 6, Clause 7 and Clause 8;
— grouping in Annex B of elements specific to the defined kinematic gauge of Clause 5, Clause 6,
Clause 7 and Clause 8;
— grouping in Annex C of elements specific to the static gauge defined in Clause 5, Clause 6, Clause 7
and Clause 8;
— improvement and grouping into Annex D of the dynamic gauge specific elements defined in Clause 5,
Clause 6, Clause 7 and Clause 8;
— content of 7.3.1.1.3 and 7.3.1.3 moved into CEN/TR 15273-5:2025;
— Annex B, Annex C, Annex D and Annex F moved into EN 15273-4:2025;
— removal of Annex E, Annex I and Annex K;
— reordering of Annex H;
— Annex J moved into CEN/TR 15273-5:2025;
— creation of normative Annex E for the description of the absolute gauging process;
— creation of normative Annex F for the description of the comparative gauging process.
This document has been prepared under a standardization request addressed to CEN by the European
Commission. The Standing Committee of the EFTA States subsequently approves these requests for its
Member States.
Any feedback and questions on this document should be directed to the users’ national standards body.
A complete listing of these bodies can be found on the CEN website.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia,
Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland,
Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of North
Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Türkiye and the United
Kingdom.
Introduction
The aim of this document is to define the rules for the calculation and verification of the dimensions of
rolling stock and infrastructure from a gauging perspective.
This document sets out gauging processes taking into account the relative movements between rolling
stock and infrastructure as well as the necessary margins or clearances.
the following parts:
— Part 2: Rolling stock;
— Part 3: Infrastructure;
— Part 4: Catalogue of defined gauges;
— Part 5: Background, explanation and worked examples.
1 Scope
This document contains:
— the definitions and symbols for all EN 15273 documents;
— the general explanation of various elements and phenomena affecting heavy rail gauging;
— the general explanation of various calculation methods and processes applicable to the heavy rail
gauging that allow the dimensioning of the rolling stock and the infrastructure.
This document is applicable to heavy rail vehicles and networks using various track gauges. Other
vehicles and networks are outside the scope of this document, but the rules may be applied to them with
some adjustments and agreement of the share of responsibility between rolling stock and infrastructure.
This document is not applicable to the gauges “S” and “T” for track gauge 1 520 mm.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 15273-2:2025, Railway applications — Gauges — Part 2: Rolling stock
EN 15273-3:2025, Railway applications — Gauges — Part 3: Infrastructure
EN 15273-4:2025, Railway applications — Gauges — Part 4: Catalogue of defined gauges
EN 15313:2024, Railway applications — In-service wheelset operation requirements — In-service and off-
vehicle wheelset maintenance
EN 15663:2017+A2:2024, Railway applications — Vehicle reference masses
EN 17343:2023, Railway applications — General terms and definitions
EN 50119:2020, Railway applications — Fixed installations — Electric traction overhead contact lines
EN 50367:2020, Railway applications — Fixed installations and rolling stock — Criteria to achieve
technical compatibility between pantographs and overhead contact line
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https://www.iso.org/obp/
— IEC Electropedia: available at https://www.electropedia.org/
NOTE The term heavy rail is defined in EN 17343:2023.
3.1
gauging process
procedure by means of which the dimensional compatibility of rolling stock and infrastructure is
determined
3.2
running plane
plane tangential to the running surface as defined in EN 17343:2020, 3.1.5.3.2 and as shown in Figure 1
Key
1 running plane
Figure 1 — Running plane
3.3
normal coordinates
coordinates defined in a plane normal to the longitudinal centreline of the rails at a nominal position on
a theoretically perfect track
Note 1 to entry: One of these axes is the intersection of the normal plane with the running plane. The other axis,
commonly referred to as vertical axis, is perpendicular to the running plane. For calculation purposes, the vertical
axis is used as a common reference for infrastructure and rolling stock (see Figure 2).
Key
1 running plane (X and Y)
2 longitudinal centreline of the vehicle and of the track (X)
3 vertical centreline of the vehicle (Z)
Figure 2 — Normal coordinates
3.4
effective track position
used during the absolute gauging process, and represents a position that the track could realistically, or
with high probability, occupy relative to structures or to an adjacent track at some times within its
maintenance cycle
3.5
reference vehicle
theoretical or actual vehicle, the parameters of which are used to establish the rules associated with a
reference profile to obtain a gauge
3.6
comparator vehicle
existing rolling stock geometrically compatible with infrastructure and operating on a specified route to
be used for the comparative gauging process
3.7
defined gauge
reference profile and its associated rules allowing definition of the outer dimensions of the rolling stock
and the space to be cleared by the infrastructure
Note 1 to entry: According to the calculation method applied, the gauge will be a static, kinematic or dynamic.
3.8
reference profile
𝑪𝑪𝑪𝑪
virtual line related to the normal coordinates and used, together with the associated rules, as a common
basis to determine infrastructure gauge and the vehicle gauge
Note 1 to entry: Depending on the calculation method used, the corresponding reference profiles can be called
up for static, kinematic and dynamic.
3.9
upper part
part of the reference profile as set out in EN 15273-4:2025 for the defined gauges
Note 1 to entry: This corresponds to the upper sector for the absolute and comparative gauging process.
3.10
lower part
part of the reference profile as set out in EN 15273-4:2025
Note 1 to entry: This corresponds to the lower sector for the absolute and comparative gauging process.
3.11
bottom line
line corresponding to the minimum height above the running plane of the reference profile
3.12
curve overthrow
𝒅𝒅𝒅𝒅
distance in direction Y or Z between the track and the vehicle in a curve
Note 1 to entry: See details in Figure A.2; Figure E.2 for horizontal curve and Figure A.7 for vertical curve.
Note 2 to entry: “curve overthrow” can also be called “geometric overthrow”.
3.13
associated rules
set of rules associated with each reference profile in order to size the infrastructure or rolling stock
3.14
lateral projection
𝑺𝑺
sum of these two values:
— 𝑆𝑆 , value agreed between Infrastructure Manager and Railway Undertaking based on the lateral
𝑅𝑅
curve overthrow of reference vehicles;
— 𝑆𝑆 , is the widening of the track gauge.
𝑙𝑙
Note 1 to entry: See CEN/TR 15273-5:2025 for explanation.
Note 2 to entry: Lateral projection is also known as “saillie”.
3.15
vertical projection
𝑺𝑺
𝒗𝒗
value agreed between Infrastructure Manager and Railway Undertaking based on the vertical curve
overthrow of reference vehicles
Note 1 to entry: See CEN/TR 15273-5:2025 for explanation.
Note 2 to entry: Vertical projection is also known as “saillie”.
3.16
absolute (swept envelope) vehicle gauge
vehicle gauge which may have multiple swept envelopes associated with it
3.17
absolute (swept envelope) infrastructure gauge
absolute (swept envelope) vehicle gauge(s) plus track tolerances and clearance
Note 1 to entry: Absolute (swept envelope) Infrastructure gauges are used to facilitate construction and
maintenance of the infrastructure, not compatibility.
3.18
clearance
free space or allowance between two elements, in particular, for absolute and comparative gauging
processes, the minimum calculated distance between the swept envelope of a vehicle and fixed
infrastructure or between swept envelopes of two vehicles on adjacent tracks
3.19
absolute gauging process
set of rules allowing the comparison of the swept envelope of a vehicle with infrastructure profiles on a
given route and vehicles on adjacent track
Note 1 to entry: The infrastructure profile is the profile as measured for the specific clearance assessment and
is measured perpendicular to the running plane.
3.20
comparative gauging process
set of rules allowing the comparison of the swept envelopes of a candidate vehicle (new) and a
comparator vehicle (existing) in order to assess route compatibility
3.21
swept envelope
cross sections perpendicular to the running plane encompassing all the points swept by the vehicle under
consideration with its dynamic displacements in any possible position combined with running and
operating conditions
Note 1 to entry: Usage of this term alone is not recommended. It is advisable to use it with complementary
information to understand what is swept. e.g. vehicle swept envelope.
3.22
hybrid gauging process
combination of various gauging processes applied to a vehicle to assess route compatibility
3.23
displacement coefficient
𝑨𝑨
correction factor applied to the different terms determining the relative position of the vehicle with
respect to the track (e.g. lateral clearance between wheelsets and track, bogie wheel base, lateral
projections, etc.)
3.24
quasi-static roll
movement resulting from the inclination of the suspended parts under the influence of gravity (canted
track) and/or centrifugal acceleration (curved track) without taking account of any additional dynamic
effects
3.25
roll centre
𝑪𝑪
point C is known as “the roll centre of the vehicle” and its distance ℎ from the running plane is known as
𝑐𝑐
“the height of the roll centre”
3.26
cant
𝑫𝑫
amount by which one running rail is raised above the other running rail, in a track cross section
3.27
equilibrium cant
𝑫𝑫
𝒆𝒆𝒆𝒆
cant corresponding to a specific combination of speed and curve radius which gives a resultant force
perpendicular to the running plane
3.28
cant excess
difference between applied cant and a lower equilibrium cant
Note 1 to entry: See CEN/TR 15273-5:2025 for details.
3.29
cant deficiency
𝑰𝑰
difference between applied cant and a higher equilibrium cant
Note 1 to entry: See CEN/TR 15273-5:2025 for details.
3.30
cross level
cant measured on the track
3.31
flexibility coefficient
𝒔𝒔
ratio of the angle 𝜂𝜂 (angle between the vertical axis of the carbody tilted on its suspensions and the plane
perpendicular to the running plane) to the angle 𝛿𝛿 (between the running plane and the horizontal plane)
with the vehicle stationary on a canted track
Note 1 to entry: See detailed explanation in Annex A.
3.32
dissymmetry
𝜼𝜼
𝟎𝟎
angle 𝜂𝜂 between the centreline of the body of a stationary vehicle on a level track and the vertical axis
Note 1 to entry: The dissymmetry may come from construction tolerance or off-centred loading. See detailed
explanation in Annex A.
3.33
defined pantograph gauge
reference profile with its associated rules which verifies that the raised pantograph head remains within
the allocated space
Note 1 to entry: See Figure 3.
Key
1 electrical pantograph gauge (with insulated horn)
2 electrical pantograph gauge (with non-insulated horn)
3 pantograph
4 pantograph reference profile
5 corner according to the form of the pantograph
6 contact wire with the pantograph in a collecting position
7 track centreline
Figure 3 — Pantograph gauges
Note 2 to entry: See Figure B.4. for more details.
3.34
mechanical pantograph gauge
reference profile and its associated rules allowing definition of the space to be cleared by all the
structures in order to ensure passage of the pantograph in the raised position, taking account of the
maintenance allowances and of the displacements considered by the Infrastructure Manager
3.35
electrical clearance
distance to be maintained between two parts at different electrical potentials in given atmospheric
conditions in order to ensure electrical insulation
3.36
electrical pantograph gauge
reference profile and its associated rules allowing the definition of the space to be cleared taking account
of the required electrical insulating allowance relative to the live parts of the pantograph in the raised
position
3.37
gauge for live parts mounted on the roof
reduced gauge relative to the maximum construction gauge taking account of a sufficient insulating
clearance to the non-live parts of the infrastructure
a) Pantograph with insulated horns b) For pantographs fitted with non-
insulated horn
Key
1 maximum construction gauge
2 space not to be penetrated by non-insulated parts likely to remain live
3 pantograph reference profile
4 electrical insulating clearance for rolling stock
5 pantograph with its maximum displacements
Figure 4 — Gauge for non-insulated live parts on vehicle roof
3.38
vehicle profile
outline of the vehicle cross section perpendicular to the running plane on straight and level track
3.39
maximum construction gauge of the rolling stock
maximum outline limit used in the defined gauging process
Note 1 to entry: It is expressed as the available space for the constructed vehicle. In gauge processing, It can be
represented in 2D (profile) or in 3D to facilitate communication.
Note 2 to entry: See Figure 5.
Figure 5 — 3D representation of the maximum rolling stock construction gauge for a vehicle
3.40
vehicle nominal construction gauge
maximum rolling stock construction gauge, reduced by the construction tolerances according to the
gauging method
3.41
infrastructure gauge
space to be clear of all objects to permit safe operation
Note 1 to entry: The infrastructure gauge is defined on the basis of the reference profile by applying the
associated rules.
3.42
infrastructure verification limit gauge
space not to be encroached upon at any time to ensure completely safe passage of traffic
3.43
infrastructure installation limit gauge
space to be clear taking into account a maintenance allowance defined according to the line speed and to
the track quality at the time of the infrastructure installation
3.44
infrastructure installation nominal gauge
space to be clear of any obstacle in order to enable train operations and track maintenance by
incorporating allowances for safety, maintenance and additional allowances defined by the
Infrastructure Manager
3.45
uniform infrastructure gauge
infrastructure installation nominal gauge of constant cross-section used for the infrastructure
3.46
distance between track centres
𝑬𝑬𝑨𝑨
distance between the centres of two adjacent tracks, measured parallel to the running plane of the track
with the least canted track being the reference
Key
1 distance 𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸
Figure 6 — Distance between track centres
Note 1 to entry: It is possible to measure the distance between two track centres horizontally but for gauging
applications, distance is measured parallel to the running plane of the track with the least cant.
3.47
verification limit distance between track centres
minimum distance to be maintained at all times between adjacent tracks to ensure completely safe
passage of traffic within the gauge used on the two tracks by avoiding any risk of interference between
the vehicles
3.48
installation limit distance between track centres
minimum distance between adjacent tracks including maintenance allowances to ensure completely safe
passage of traffic within the gauge used on the two tracks by avoiding any interference between the
vehicles
3.49
nominal installation distance between track centres
distance between two adjacent tracks that generally has a suitable allowance to permit ease of design,
laying, monitoring and maintenance, the operation of exceptional consignments or any other aspect
(including aerodynamic effects, for example)
3.50
track fixity
level of track restraint from movement in any direction, used by absolute gauging
3.51
construction tolerance
variation to the design from the nominal due to manufacturing, installation or assembly processes
3.52
rolling stock domain
entity responsible for defining the size of the rolling stock from rules agreed between the Infrastructure
Manager and Railway Undertaking
3.53
infrastructure domain
entity responsible for defining the size of the infrastructure from rules agreed between the Infrastructure
Manager and Railway Undertaking
4 Symbols and abbreviations
4.1 Common symbols
For the purposes of this series of documents, the following symbols and abbreviations given in Table 1
and Table 2 are applicable.
Table 1 — Common sub- and superscripts
Index Designation
′ Superscript standing for “pantograph”, unless stated otherwise
Subscript designating the value th
...
EN 15273-1:2025は、重工業鉄道の柱となる標準であり、鉄道アプリケーションにおけるゲージに関する共通ルールを提供します。この標準では、すべてのEN 15273文書に関する定義と記号が明確に示されており、重工業鉄道のゲージングに影響を与えるさまざまな要素や現象についての一般的な説明が含まれています。 この標準の大きな強みは、重工業鉄道の車両とインフラストラクチャの次元計算に適用できるさまざまな計算方法やプロセスを提供している点です。これにより、運輸業界において安全で効率的な鉄道ネットワークを構築する基盤が整います。また、異なる軌道幅を使用する重工業鉄道車両やネットワークに適用可能であるため、標準の適用範囲は広範囲にわたります。 さらに、EN 15273-1:2025は、車両とインフラストラクチャの責任の分担について合意があれば、他の車両やネットワークにも適用可能であるため、柔軟性も兼ね備えています。ただし、特定のゲージ「S」および「T」に関しては、本標準は適用外であることに注意が必要です。 全体として、EN 15273-1:2025は、鉄道業界における重要な基準を提供し、安全性、効率性、そして柔軟性を実現するための強力なツールとなっています。鉄道アプリケーションにおけるゲージに関する明確なルールは、将来的な技術革新や拡張に確実に寄与することでしょう。
SIST EN 15273-1:2025 표준은 철도 응용 분야에서의 게이지에 대한 중요한 규정을 제공합니다. 이 문서는 모든 EN 15273 문서에 대한 정의와 기호를 포함하고 있으며, 중량철도의 게이지에 영향을 미치는 여러 요소와 현상에 대한 일반적인 설명을 제공합니다. 또한, 중량철도 게이지와 관련된 다양한 계산 방법과 절차를 설명하여 롤링 스톡 및 인프라의 치수 설정이 가능하게 합니다. 이 표준의 주요 강점 중 하나는 철도 차량 및 네트워크의 다양한 트랙 게이지를 포괄적으로 다룬다는 점입니다. 이 문서의 규칙은 다른 차량과 네트워크에도 적용 가능하나, 그 경우 약간의 조정과 롤링 스톡 및 인프라 간의 책임 분담 합의가 필요합니다. 이는 다양한 상황에 맞춰 유연하게 대응할 수 있는 기본적인 프레임워크를 제공하므로 매우 유용합니다. 또한, EN 15273-1:2025 문서는 중량철도 시스템의 안정성과 안전성을 증진시키는 데 큰 기여를 할 수 있습니다. 철도 산업에서의 다양한 요구 사항을 반영하고 있으며, 현장 적용 시 실질적인 이점이 있는 규정들로 구성되어 있습니다. 이로 인해 표준은 철도 인프라 구축 및 운용에 있어 필수적인 지침으로 자리 잡을 것으로 기대됩니다. 한편, 이 문서는 1,520mm 트랙 게이지에 해당하는 "S" 및 "T" 게이지에 대해서는 적용되지 않으므로, 이러한 특정 게이지에 대한 규정은 별도의 관리가 필요합니다. 전반적으로, SIST EN 15273-1:2025 표준은 철도 응용 분야에서의 게이지 관련 지침을 통합적으로 제공하여 업계의 발전에 기여할 것입니다.
The standard EN 15273-1:2025 titled "Railway applications - Gauges - Part 1: General - Common rules for rolling stock and infrastructure" offers a comprehensive framework that addresses essential aspects of heavy rail gauging. This document serves as a foundational reference by providing definitions and symbols applicable across all EN 15273 documents, ensuring clarity and consistency in communication among railway stakeholders. One of the document's notable strengths is its detailed explanation of the various elements and phenomena that can impact heavy rail gauging. By delineating these factors, the standard enhances the understanding of the technical challenges associated with dimensioning both rolling stock and infrastructure. Additionally, the inclusion of general calculation methods and processes applicable to heavy rail gauging is a critical asset, enabling railway professionals to effectively size their rolling stock and infrastructure in relation to the broader network. The relevance of EN 15273-1:2025 extends to its applicability across different track gauges used in heavy rail vehicles and networks. While it explicitly states that it does not cover "S" and "T" gauges for a track gauge of 1 520 mm, it offers a flexible framework that can be adapted for other vehicles and networks, contingent on mutual agreement on the allocation of responsibilities between rolling stock and infrastructure. This adaptability strengthens the document's usability across diverse contexts within the railway industry. In summary, EN 15273-1:2025 is a vital standard that not only clarifies key terminology and calculations related to heavy rail gauging but also promotes best practices and standardization. Its comprehensive nature and relevance to various rail applications position it as a crucial resource for ensuring safety, efficiency, and interoperability in railway operations.
Le document SIST EN 15273-1:2025 présente des fondations solides pour les applications ferroviaires en fournissant des règles communes relatives au gabarit pour le matériel roulant et l'infrastructure. Son champ d'application est crucial, car il regroupe les définitions et les symboles nécessaires à la compréhension de l'ensemble des documents EN 15273, permettant une harmonisation indispensable dans le secteur ferroviaire. L'une des forces majeures de cette norme réside dans sa capacité à expliquer de manière générale les divers éléments et phénomènes qui influencent le gabarit ferroviaire lourd. Cela inclut une description détaillée des méthodes de calcul et des processus applicables, qui sont essentiels pour le dimensionnement approprié des véhicules et de l'infrastructure. Cette approche systématique garantit une cohérence et une précision dans la conception et l'exploitation des réseaux ferroviaires à large écartement. De plus, la norme s'applique spécifiquement aux véhicules ferroviaires lourds et aux réseaux utilisant différents gabarits de voie. Bien qu'elle n'inclue pas les véhicules et réseaux en dehors de cette catégorie, il est pertinent de noter que les règles peuvent être adaptées à d'autres contextes avec des ajustements appropriés. Ce choix renforce la flexibilité de la norme tout en affirmant la nécessité d'un accord sur la répartition des responsabilités entre le matériel roulant et l'infrastructure. Enfin, en excluant explicitement les gabarits "S" et "T" pour un écartement de 1 520 mm, le document clarifie ses limites d'application, ce qui est essentiel pour les professionnels qui cherchent à comprendre les spécificités de chaque norme. En somme, la norme SIST EN 15273-1:2025 se révèle pertinente et robuste, offrant un cadre clair et utile pour le développement et l'administration des infrastructures ferroviaires et du matériel roulant.
Die Norm EN 15273-1:2025 bietet ein umfassendes Rahmenwerk für die Anwendung im Schienenverkehr, insbesondere hinsichtlich der Spurweiten und deren Einfluss auf Schienenfahrzeuge und Infrastruktur. Die Regelungen innerhalb dieses Dokuments sind entscheidend, um eine sichere und effiziente Dimensionierung im Schwerlastschienenverkehr zu gewährleisten. Eine der Stärken dieser Norm liegt in der klaren Definition von Begriffen und Symbolen, die für alle EN 15273-Dokumente maßgeblich sind. Dies fördert ein einheitliches Verständnis unter den Fachkräften und trägt zur Reduzierung von Missverständnissen in der Anwendung der Norm bei. Darüber hinaus bietet die allgemeine Erklärung zu verschiedenen Elementen und Phänomenen, die die Spurweiten im Schwerlastverkehr beeinflussen, wertvolle Einblicke, die für die Planung und Konstruktion von Schienenfahrzeugen unerlässlich sind. Die Norm behandelt auch verschiedene Berechnungsmethoden und Prozesse, die für die Dimensionierung von sowohl Schienenfahrzeugen als auch der Infrastruktur relevant sind. Dies ist besonders bedeutsam, da es Ingenieuren ermöglicht, präzise und normgerechte Berechnungen durchzuführen, die für die Sicherheitsstandards und den Betrieb im Schienenverkehr entscheidend sind. Ein weiterer positiver Aspekt ist die Flexibilität der Norm, die es ermöglicht, die Regelungen auch auf andere Fahrzeuge und Netze anzuwenden, vorausgesetzt, dass entsprechende Anpassungen und Absprachen hinsichtlich der Verantwortlichkeiten zwischen dem Schienenfahrzeug und der Infrastruktur getroffen werden. Dadurch wird die Norm für eine breitere Palette von Anwendungen im Verkehrswesen relevant, auch wenn sie sich auf den Schwerlastverkehr konzentriert. Es ist jedoch wichtig zu beachten, dass die Norm nicht für die Spurweiten „S“ und „T“ mit einer Spurweite von 1 520 mm anwendbar ist, was bedeutet, dass bestimmte spezialisierte Anwendungen außerhalb des Geltungsbereichs dieser Norm fallen. Insgesamt trägt die EN 15273-1:2025 aufgrund ihrer umfassenden Definitionen, praktikablen Berechnungsmethoden und ihrer Anwendbarkeit auf unterschiedliche Spurweiten und Infrastrukturprojekte maßgeblich zur Weiterentwicklung und Optimierung im Bereich der Eisenbahnanwendungen bei.
Questions, Comments and Discussion
Ask us and Technical Secretary will try to provide an answer. You can facilitate discussion about the standard in here.
Loading comments...