EN ISO 26800:2011
(Main)Ergonomics - General approach, principles and concepts (ISO 26800:2011)
Ergonomics - General approach, principles and concepts (ISO 26800:2011)
ISO 26800:2011 presents the general ergonomics approach and specifies basic ergonomics principles and concepts. These are applicable to the design and evaluation of tasks, jobs, products, tools, equipment, systems, organizations, services, facilities and environments, in order to make them compatible with the characteristics, the needs and values, and the abilities and limitations of people.
The provisions and guidance given by ISO 26800:2011 are intended to improve the safety, performance, effectiveness, efficiency, reliability, availability and maintainability of the design outcome throughout its life cycle, while safeguarding and enhancing the health, well-being and satisfaction of those involved or affected.
The intended users of ISO 26800:2011 are designers, ergonomists and project managers, as well as managers, workers, consumers (or their representatives) and procurers. It also serves as a reference standard for standards developers dealing with ergonomics aspects.
Ergonomie - Genereller Ansatz, Prinzipien und Konzepte (ISO 26800:2011)
Diese Internationale Norm stellt den allgemeinen Denkansatz der Ergonomie dar und legt wesentliche ergo-nomische Prinzipien und Konzepte fest. Diese sind anwendbar bei der Gestaltung und Bewertung von Aufgaben, Tätigkeiten, Produkten, Werkzeugen, Ausrüstungen, Systemen, Organisationen, Dienstleistungen, Ein¬richtungen und Umgebungen, um diese an die Eigenschaften, Bedürfnisse und Wertvorstellungen, Fähigkeiten und Einschränkungen der Menschen anzupassen.
Die Festlegungen und Leitlinien in dieser Internationalen Norm dienen dazu, die Sicherheit, Leistung, Effektivität und Effizienz, Zuverlässigkeit, Verfügbarkeit und Instandhaltungsfreundlichkeit der Gestaltungs-lösung während seiner gesamten Lebensdauer zu verbessern, bei gleichzeitiger Sicherstellung und Förderung der Gesundheit, des Wohlbefindens und der Zufriedenheit der beteiligten oder betroffenen Personen.
Die vorgesehenen Anwender dieser Internationalen Norm sind Gestalter, Arbeitswissenschaftler und Projektleiter, sowie Führungskräfte, Arbeitende, Verbraucher (oder deren Vertreter) und Beschaffer. ISO 26800 dient außerdem als Bezugsnorm für Normenentwickler, die sich mit ergonomischen Aspekten befassen.
Diese Internationale Norm stellt eine Grundlage für andere, ausführlichere, kontextspezifische Internationale Normen zur Ergonomie dar.
Ergonomie - Approche générale, principes et concepts (ISO 26800:2011)
L'ISO 26800:2011 décrit l'approche générale de l'ergonomie et spécifie ses principes et concepts de base. Ceux-ci sont applicables à la conception et à l'évaluation des tâches, des postes, des produits, des outils, des équipements, des systèmes, des organisations, des services, des installations et des environnements afin de les rendre compatibles avec les caractéristiques, les besoins et valeurs, et les capacités et les limites des personnes.
Les recommandations fournies dans l'ISO 26800:2011 sont destinées à améliorer la sécurité, le fonctionnement, l'efficacité, l'efficience, la fiabilité, la disponibilité et la maintenabilité du résultat de la conception tout au long de son cycle de vie tout en préservant et en favorisant la santé, le bien-être et la satisfaction des personnes impliquées ou affectées.
Les utilisateurs cible de l'ISO 26800:2011sont les concepteurs, les ergonomes et les chefs de projet, ainsi que les dirigeants, les travailleurs, les consommateurs (ou leurs représentants) ainsi que les fournisseurs. Elle sert également de norme de référence pour l'élaboration de Normes internationales incluant des aspects ergonomiques.
Ergonomija - Splošen pristop, načela in koncepti (ISO 26800:2011)
Ta standard opisuje temeljna ergonomska načela in določa osnovne ergonomske izraze ter opisuje koncepte.
Ti so pomembni za načrtovanje in vrednotenje nalog, služb, produktov, sistemov, storitev in okolij, da se naredijo združljivi s potrebami, zmožnostmi in omejitvami ljudi.
Ta standard zagotavlja informacije za optimizacijo delovanja sistema, učinkovitost, zmogljivosti, zanesljivosti in razpoložljivost med varovanjem varnosti, zdravja in dobrega počutja delavca (ali uporabnika).
Uporabniki, katerim je namenjen ta standard, so načrtovalci, ergonomi in projektni vodje ter vodje in delavci (ali njihovi predstavniki). Prav tako se uporablja kot referenčni standard za pisce standardov, ki se ukvarjajo z vidiki ergonomije.
Ta standard je »vstopna točka« za druge, podrobnejše ergonomske standarde.
General Information
Standards Content (Sample)
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Ergonomie - Allgemeine Vorgehensweise, Prinzipien und Konzepte (ISO 26800:2011)Ergonomie - Approche générale, principes et concepts (ISO 26800:2011)Ergonomics - General approach, principles and concepts (ISO 26800:2011)13.180ErgonomijaErgonomicsICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN ISO 26800:2011SIST EN ISO 26800:2011en,fr,de01-december-2011SIST EN ISO 26800:2011SLOVENSKI
STANDARD
EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM
EN ISO 26800
August 2011 ICS 01.040.13; 13.180 English Version
Ergonomics - General approach, principles and concepts (ISO 26800:2011)
Ergonomie - Approche générale, principes et concepts (ISO 26800:2011)
Ergonomie - Genereller Ansatz, Prinzipien und Konzepte (ISO 26800:2011) This European Standard was approved by CEN on 6 August 2011.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
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Reference numberISO 26800:2011(E)© ISO 2011
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO26800First edition2011-08-15Ergonomics — General approach, principles and concepts Ergonomie — Approche générale, principes et concepts
ISO 26800:2011(E)
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ISO 2011 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISO's member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 • CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel.
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ii © ISO 2011 – All rights reserved
ISO 26800:2011(E) © ISO 2011 – All rights reserved iii Contents Page Foreword.iv Introduction.v 1 Scope.1 2 Terms and definitions.1 3 The ergonomics approach.3 4 Principles of ergonomics.4 4.1 General.4 4.2 Human-centred.5 4.3 Criteria-based evaluation.7 5 Concepts in ergonomics.7 5.1 General.7 5.2 The system concept.8 5.3 Load-effects concept.9 5.4 Usability.10 5.5 Accessibility.11 6 The ergonomics-oriented design process.12 6.1 General.12 6.2 Basic requirements for an ergonomics-oriented design process.12 7 Conformity.13 Annex A (informative)
Sustainability.14 Annex B (informative)
Textual descriptions of the figures for visually impaired readers.15 Bibliography.17
ISO 26800:2011(E) iv © ISO 2011 – All rights reserved Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 26800 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 159, Ergonomics, Subcommittee SC 1, General ergonomics principles. SIST EN ISO 26800:2011
ISO 26800:2011(E) © ISO 2011 – All rights reserved v Introduction Human, technological, economic, environmental and organizational factors all affect the behaviour, activities and well-being of people in work, domestic and leisure contexts. The science of ergonomics has evolved from its origins in the context of work to embrace many other fields of application, such as home and leisure. However, whatever the context, the underlying principles of ergonomics remain the same, although the relative emphasis placed on them will vary. These principles are fundamental to the design process wherever human involvement is expected, in order to ensure the optimum integration of human requirements and characteristics into a design. This International Standard considers systems, users, workers, tasks, activities, equipment and the environment as the basis for optimizing the match between them. These principles and concepts serve to improve safety, performance and usability (effectiveness, efficiency and satisfaction), while safeguarding and enhancing human health and well-being, and improving accessibility (e.g. for elderly persons and persons with disabilities). Ergonomics covers a wide range of issues, including physical, cognitive, social and organizational. These are ideally addressed within an integrated framework. A substantial number of ergonomics standards have been developed to cover specific issues and different application domains. All depend upon the basic principles and concepts that are fundamental to the ergonomics approach to design. This International Standard has been developed in order to provide an integrated framework, bringing together the basic principles and concepts of ergonomics in one document, and thus providing a high-level view of the way in which ergonomics is applied. NOTE 1 ISO 6385[2] remains a high-level International Standard for work systems. NOTE 2 A complete list of current published ergonomics International Standards can be accessed via http://www.iso.org/iso/iso_catalogue/catalogue_tc/catalogue_tc_browse.htm?commid=53348&published=on&includesc=true.
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 26800:2011(E) © ISO 2011 – All rights reserved 1 Ergonomics — General approach, principles and concepts 1 Scope This International Standard presents the general ergonomics approach and specifies basic ergonomics principles and concepts. These are applicable to the design and evaluation of tasks, jobs, products, tools, equipment, systems, organizations, services, facilities and environments, in order to make them compatible with the characteristics, the needs and values, and the abilities and limitations of people. The provisions and guidance given by this International Standard are intended to improve the safety, performance, effectiveness, efficiency, reliability, availability and maintainability of the design outcome throughout its life cycle, while safeguarding and enhancing the health, well-being and satisfaction of those involved or affected. The intended users of this International Standard are designers, ergonomists and project managers, as well as managers, workers, consumers (or their representatives) and procurers. It also serves as a reference standard for standards developers dealing with ergonomics aspects. This International Standard provides the basis for other, more detailed, context-specific ergonomics International Standards. 2 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 2.1 accessibility extent to which products, systems, services, environments and facilities can be used by people from a population with the widest range of characteristics and capabilities to achieve a specified goal in a specified context of use NOTE 1 Context of use includes direct use or use supported by assistive technologies. NOTE 2 Adapted from ISO/TR 22411:2008, definition 3.6. 2.2 ergonomics human factors scientific discipline concerned with the understanding of interactions among human and other elements of a system, and the profession that applies theory, principles, data and methods to design in order to optimize human well-being and overall system performance NOTE This definition is consistent with that given by the International Ergonomics Association[21]. 2.3 environment physical, chemical, biological, organizational, social and cultural factors surrounding one or more persons SIST EN ISO 26800:2011
ISO 26800:2011(E) 2 © ISO 2011 – All rights reserved 2.4 external load external conditions and demands in a system which influence a person's physical and/or mental internal load NOTE 1 In ISO 6385:2004, “external load” is called “work stress”. NOTE 2 External load is a neutral term. Its effects can be positive, neutral or negative. 2.5 fatigue impairing non-pathological manifestation of internal load, completely reversible with rest NOTE Fatigue can be mental, physical, local and/or general. 2.6 internal load internal response of a person to being exposed to the external load, depending on his/her individual characteristics (e.g. body size, age, capacities, abilities, skills, etc.) NOTE 1 In ISO 6385:2004, “internal load” is called “work strain”. NOTE 2 Internal load is a neutral term. Its effects can be positive, neutral or negative. 2.7 system combination of interacting elements organized to achieve one or more stated purposes NOTE 1 In ergonomics, the “elements” of a syst
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