EN 1459-1:2017
(Main)Rough-terrain trucks - Safety requirements and verification - Part 1: Variable-reach trucks
General Information
- Abstract
This European Standard specifies the safety requirements of self-propelled variable-reach rough-terrain trucks (hereafter referred to as trucks), intended to handle loads, equipped with a telescopic lifting means (pivoted boom), on which a load handling device (e.g. carriage and fork arms) is fitted.
For the purpose of this standard, rough-terrain variable-reach trucks are designed to transport, lift and place loads and can be driven on unimproved terrain.
Fork arms are considered to be part of the truck. Trucks can also be equipped with a variety of attachments (e.g. bale spikes, mowers, sweepers).
This European Standard deals with all the significant hazards, hazardous situations and events relevant to the trucks when they are used as intended and under conditions of misuse which are reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer (see Annex A).
This European Standard does not apply to:
- slewing variable reach rough terrain trucks covered by EN 1459-2;
- industrial variable reach trucks covered by EN ISO 3691-2;
- lorry-mounted variable reach trucks;
- variable reach trucks fitted with tilting or elevating operator position;
- mobile cranes covered by EN 13000;
- machines designed primarily for earth moving, even if their buckets and blades are replaced with forks (see EN 474 series);
- trucks designed primarily with variable length load suspension elements (e.g. chain, ropes) from which the load may swing freely in all directions;
- trucks fitted with personnel/work platforms, designed to move persons to elevated working positions;
- trucks designed primarily for container handling;
- trucks on tracks;
- trucks with articulated chassis;
- attachments (covered by prEN 1459-5).
This European Standard does not address hazards linked to:
- hybrid power systems;
- gas power system;
- gasoline engine system;
- battery power system;
- tractor specific devices (e.g. PTO).
This European Standard does not address hazards which may occur:
a) when handling suspended loads which may swing freely (additional requirements are given in prEN 1459-4 (in preparation));
b) when using trucks on public roads;
c) when operating in potentially explosive atmospheres;
d) when operating underground;
e) when towing trailers;
f) when fitted with a personnel work platform (additional requirements are given in EN 1459-3);
g) when using cruise-control.
This European Standard does not provide a method of calculation for fatigue and strength of material.
This document is not applicable to trucks manufactured before the date of its publication.
- Status
- Withdrawn
- Publication Date
- 12-Sep-2017
- Withdrawal Date
- 22-Sep-2026
- Technical Committee
- CEN/TC 150 - Industrial trucks - Safety
- Drafting Committee
- CEN/TC 150/WG 2 - Variable reach trucks
- Current Stage
- 9960 - Withdrawal effective - Withdrawal
- Start Date
- 26-Feb-2020
- Completion Date
- 23-Sep-2026
- Directive
- Harmonized Standard2006/42/EC - Directive 2006/42/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 17 May 2006 on machinery, and amending Directive 95/16/EC (recast)OJ Ref: C, C 092 OJ Date: 09-Mar-2018
Relations
- Effective Date
- 08-Jun-2022
- Effective Date
- 18-Jan-2023
- Effective Date
- 25-Aug-2026
- Effective Date
- 25-Aug-2026
- Effective Date
- 25-Aug-2026
- Refers
ISO 6292:2008 - Powered industrial trucks and tractors — Brake performance and component strength - Effective Date
- 25-Aug-2026
- Effective Date
- 25-Aug-2026
- Effective Date
- 25-Aug-2026
- Effective Date
- 25-Aug-2026
- Effective Date
- 25-Aug-2026
- Refers
ISO 15870:2000 - Powered industrial trucks — Safety signs and hazard pictorials — General principles - Effective Date
- 25-Aug-2026
- Effective Date
- 25-Aug-2026
- Effective Date
- 25-Aug-2026
- Effective Date
- 09-Feb-2026
- Effective Date
- 09-Feb-2026
Frequently Asked Questions
EN 1459-1:2017 is a standard published by the European Committee for Standardization (CEN). Its full title is "Rough-terrain trucks - Safety requirements and verification - Part 1: Variable-reach trucks". This standard covers: This European Standard specifies the safety requirements of self-propelled variable-reach rough-terrain trucks (hereafter referred to as trucks), intended to handle loads, equipped with a telescopic lifting means (pivoted boom), on which a load handling device (e.g. carriage and fork arms) is fitted. For the purpose of this standard, rough-terrain variable-reach trucks are designed to transport, lift and place loads and can be driven on unimproved terrain. Fork arms are considered to be part of the truck. Trucks can also be equipped with a variety of attachments (e.g. bale spikes, mowers, sweepers). This European Standard deals with all the significant hazards, hazardous situations and events relevant to the trucks when they are used as intended and under conditions of misuse which are reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer (see Annex A). This European Standard does not apply to: - slewing variable reach rough terrain trucks covered by EN 1459-2; - industrial variable reach trucks covered by EN ISO 3691-2; - lorry-mounted variable reach trucks; - variable reach trucks fitted with tilting or elevating operator position; - mobile cranes covered by EN 13000; - machines designed primarily for earth moving, even if their buckets and blades are replaced with forks (see EN 474 series); - trucks designed primarily with variable length load suspension elements (e.g. chain, ropes) from which the load may swing freely in all directions; - trucks fitted with personnel/work platforms, designed to move persons to elevated working positions; - trucks designed primarily for container handling; - trucks on tracks; - trucks with articulated chassis; - attachments (covered by prEN 1459-5). This European Standard does not address hazards linked to: - hybrid power systems; - gas power system; - gasoline engine system; - battery power system; - tractor specific devices (e.g. PTO). This European Standard does not address hazards which may occur: a) when handling suspended loads which may swing freely (additional requirements are given in prEN 1459-4 (in preparation)); b) when using trucks on public roads; c) when operating in potentially explosive atmospheres; d) when operating underground; e) when towing trailers; f) when fitted with a personnel work platform (additional requirements are given in EN 1459-3); g) when using cruise-control. This European Standard does not provide a method of calculation for fatigue and strength of material. This document is not applicable to trucks manufactured before the date of its publication.
This European Standard specifies the safety requirements of self-propelled variable-reach rough-terrain trucks (hereafter referred to as trucks), intended to handle loads, equipped with a telescopic lifting means (pivoted boom), on which a load handling device (e.g. carriage and fork arms) is fitted. For the purpose of this standard, rough-terrain variable-reach trucks are designed to transport, lift and place loads and can be driven on unimproved terrain. Fork arms are considered to be part of the truck. Trucks can also be equipped with a variety of attachments (e.g. bale spikes, mowers, sweepers). This European Standard deals with all the significant hazards, hazardous situations and events relevant to the trucks when they are used as intended and under conditions of misuse which are reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer (see Annex A). This European Standard does not apply to: - slewing variable reach rough terrain trucks covered by EN 1459-2; - industrial variable reach trucks covered by EN ISO 3691-2; - lorry-mounted variable reach trucks; - variable reach trucks fitted with tilting or elevating operator position; - mobile cranes covered by EN 13000; - machines designed primarily for earth moving, even if their buckets and blades are replaced with forks (see EN 474 series); - trucks designed primarily with variable length load suspension elements (e.g. chain, ropes) from which the load may swing freely in all directions; - trucks fitted with personnel/work platforms, designed to move persons to elevated working positions; - trucks designed primarily for container handling; - trucks on tracks; - trucks with articulated chassis; - attachments (covered by prEN 1459-5). This European Standard does not address hazards linked to: - hybrid power systems; - gas power system; - gasoline engine system; - battery power system; - tractor specific devices (e.g. PTO). This European Standard does not address hazards which may occur: a) when handling suspended loads which may swing freely (additional requirements are given in prEN 1459-4 (in preparation)); b) when using trucks on public roads; c) when operating in potentially explosive atmospheres; d) when operating underground; e) when towing trailers; f) when fitted with a personnel work platform (additional requirements are given in EN 1459-3); g) when using cruise-control. This European Standard does not provide a method of calculation for fatigue and strength of material. This document is not applicable to trucks manufactured before the date of its publication.
EN 1459-1:2017 is classified under the following ICS (International Classification for Standards) categories: 53.060 - Industrial trucks. The ICS classification helps identify the subject area and facilitates finding related standards.
EN 1459-1:2017 has the following relationships with other standards: It is inter standard links to EN 1459:1998+A3:2012, EN 1459-1:2017+A1:2020, ISO 13333:1994, ISO 11112:1995/Amd 1:2001, ISO 7000:2014, ISO 6292:2008, ISO 2330:2002, ISO 12509:2004, ISO 16528-1:2007, ISO 16528-2:2007, ISO 15870:2000, ISO 3795:1989, ISO 6011:2003, ISO 15818:2017, EN 62061:2005. Understanding these relationships helps ensure you are using the most current and applicable version of the standard.
EN 1459-1:2017 is associated with the following European legislation: EU Directives/Regulations: 2006/42/EC; Standardization Mandates: M/396. When a standard is cited in the Official Journal of the European Union, products manufactured in conformity with it benefit from a presumption of conformity with the essential requirements of the corresponding EU directive or regulation.
EN 1459-1:2017 is available in PDF format for immediate download after purchase. The document can be added to your cart and obtained through the secure checkout process. Digital delivery ensures instant access to the complete standard document.
Standards Content (Sample)
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Vozila za talni transport - Terenska vozila - Varnostne zahteve in preverjanje - 1. del: Vozila z mehanizmom za dviganje s spremenljivim dosegomGeländegängige Stapler - Sicherheitstechnische Anforderungen und Verifizierung - Teil 1: Stapler mit veränderlicher ReichweiteChariots tout-terrain - Exigences de sécurité et vérification - Partie 1: Chariots à portée variableRough-terrain trucks - Safety requirements and verification - Part 1: Variable-reach trucks53.060Industrijski tovornjakiIndustrial trucksICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 1459-1:2017SIST EN 1459-1:2018en,fr,de01-januar-2018SIST EN 1459-1:2018SLOVENSKI
STANDARDSIST EN 1459:1999+A3:20121DGRPHãþD
EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM
EN 1459-1
September
t r s y ICS
w uä r x r Supersedes EN
s v w {ã s { { z ªA uã t r s tEnglish Version
Roughæterrain trucks æ Safety requirements and verification æ Part
sã Variableæreach trucks Chariots toutæterrain æ Prescriptions de sécurité et vérification æ Partie
s ã Chariots à portée variable
Geländegängige Stapler æ Sicherheitstechnische Anforderungen und Verifizierung æ Teil
sã Stapler mit veränderlicher Reichweite This European Standard was approved by CEN on
s May
t r s yä
egulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alterationä Upætoædate lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CENæCENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN memberä
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CENæCENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versionsä
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austriaá Belgiumá Bulgariaá Croatiaá Cyprusá Czech Republicá Denmarká Estoniaá Finlandá Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedoniaá Franceá Germanyá Greeceá Hungaryá Icelandá Irelandá Italyá Latviaá Lithuaniaá Luxembourgá Maltaá Netherlandsá Norwayá Polandá Portugalá Romaniaá Serbiaá Slovakiaá Sloveniaá Spainá Swedená Switzerlandá Turkey and United Kingdomä
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre:
Avenue Marnix 17,
B-1000 Brussels
t r s y CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Membersä Refä Noä EN
s v w {æ sã t r s y ESIST EN 1459-1:2018
European foreword . 4 Introduction . 6 1 Scope . 7 2 Normative references . 8 3 Terms and definitions . 11 4 Safety requirements and/or protective measures . 15 4.1 General . 15 4.2 Starting/moving . 16 4.3 Brakes. 17 4.4 Electrical and electronic systems . 17 4.5 Controls . 18 4.6 Power systems and accessories . 23 4.7 Stabilizing devices . 24 4.8 Design requirements for maintenance purposes . 26 4.9 Systems for lifting, tilting and reaching . 26 4.10 Operator’s station . 29 4.11 Operator access. 33 4.12 Protective measures and devices . 34 4.13 Stability requirements . 35 4.14 Visibility. 36 4.15 Lighting . 36 4.16 Fire protection . 36 4.17 Retrieval, transportation and lifting . 36 4.18 Noise . 37 4.19 Electromagnetic compatibility . 38 5 Verification of requirements and safety measures . 38 5.1 General . 38 5.2 Functional verification . 38 5.3 Structural verification . 38 5.4 Load holding verification . 39 6 Information for use . 40 6.1 General . 40 6.2 Graphical symbols and warning . 40 6.3 Instruction handbook . 44 6.4 Marking . 48 6.5 Load chart . 48 Annex A (informative)
List of significant hazards . 51 Annex B (informative)
Consistency of motions . 57 Annex C (normative)
Rules for the construction and layout of pedals . 58 C.1 Definitions . 58 C.2 Requirements . 58 C.3 Design and manufacture . 59 SIST EN 1459-1:2018
Relationship between this European Standard and the essential requirements of Directive 2006/42/EC aimed to be covered . 61 Bibliography . 65
1) This European Standard is impacted by the amendments EN 60529:1991/A1:2000 and EN 60529:1991/A2:2013. SIST EN 1459-1:2018
Figure 1 — Variable-reach truck 3.3 compact truck truck having a maximum height in normal travel mode of 2 150 mm and: — a maximum operating mass of 6 000 kg; and/or — a maximum width in normal travel mode of 1 850 mm Note 1 to entry: These dimensions do not include equipment such as working lights, mirrors, etc. SIST EN 1459-1:2018
Key d reach D standard load centre distance G centre of gravity of the load g the vertical projection of the centre-of-gravity (G) of the load onto the plane of the top surface of the fork arms H height of the load Q actual capacity Q1 rated capacity Q2 actual capacity at maximum height or elevation Q3 actual capacity at maximum reach Figure 2 — Parameters for the designation of the actual capacity of the truck with fork SIST EN 1459-1:2018
400 500 600 900 1 200 0 < 1 000 X
1 000 < 5 000
X
5 000
10 000
X
> 10 000 < 20 000
X X X
20 000 < 25 000
X X
25 000
X 3.9 axle oscillation lock mechanism designed to prevent oscillation of an axle to improve truck stability 3.10 stabilising devices extendable and/or pivoting mechanical supports used to improve stability of a truck when stationary 3.11 lateral levelling changing the lateral inclination angle between the chassis and the ground to ensure the boom operates in a vertical plane even when the truck is positioned on a side slope 3.12 forks device comprising two or more solid fork arms, each consisting of a shank (vertical portion) and blade, which is hook- or shaft-mounted, fitted on the carriage and usually adjusted manually 3.13 boom pivoting support member that permits horizontal and vertical positioning of the load or attachment SIST EN 1459-1:2018
Figure 3 — Controls and displays relative to differential locking Verification by visual examination. 4.5.3 Steering controls 4.5.3.1 General The steering mechanism shall be designed to ensure a proportional response to movement of the control. Verification by design-check. 4.5.3.2 Steering direction a) For trucks with a steering wheel control, clockwise rotation of a steering wheel shall steer the truck to the right when the truck is travelling in the forward direction. On trucks with a crab-steering mode, clockwise rotation of the steering wheel shall move the truck to the right when the truck is travelling in the forward direction and to the left when travelling in the reverse direction. b) On trucks in which the steering is controlled by means of a single lever control, moving the lever to the right shall cause the truck to be steered to the right when the truck is travelling in the forward direction. c) On trucks with reversible control unit or dual controls, the requirements of 4.5.3.2 a) and b) shall be met when the operator is facing the intended direction of forward travel. Verification by functional test. 4.5.3.3 Failure of power supply For trucks with a maximum speed of less than or equal to 20 km/h, in the event of an interruption of the power supplied to the steering system (including a dead engine), it shall be possible to maintain the path being steered until the truck is brought to a stop. Verification by test. Trucks with a maximum speed greater than 20 km/h shall be tested according to the following condition and shall meet the following requirements: — the truck shall be tested with the load and operating condition which produces the greatest load on the steered axle(s). — the truck shall describe a spiral movement at a speed of 10 km/h, starting from the straight ahead position, on a dry, flat road surface offering good tyre adhesion. SIST EN 1459-1:2018
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