EN ISO 17677-1:2021
(Main)Resistance welding - Vocabulary - Part 1: Spot, projection and seam welding (ISO 17677-1:2021)
Resistance welding - Vocabulary - Part 1: Spot, projection and seam welding (ISO 17677-1:2021)
This document establishes a vocabulary of terms and definitions for resistance spot welding, projection welding and seam welding.
NOTE In addition to terms used in English and French, two of the three official ISO languages, this document gives the equivalent terms in German; these are published under the responsibility of the member body for Germany (DIN). However, only the terms and definitions given in the official languages can be considered as ISO terms and definitions.
Widerstandsschweißen - Begriffe - Teil 1: Punkt-, Buckel- und Rollennahtschweißen (ISO 17677-1:2021)
Dieses Dokument definiert Begriffe für das Widerstandspunkt-, Buckel- und Rollennahtschweißen.
ANMERKUNG Zusätzlich zu den Begriffen in Englisch und Französisch, zwei der drei offiziellen ISO-Sprachen, enthält dieser Dokument die entsprechenden deutschen Begriffe; diese werden unter der Zuständigkeit der Mitgliedsorganisation für Deutschland (DIN) veröffentlicht. Es können jedoch nur die Begriffe in den offiziellen Sprachen als ISO-Begriffe und ISO-Definitionen angesehen werden.
Soudage par résistance - Vocabulaire - Partie 1: Soudage par points, par bossages et à la molette (ISO 17677-1:2021)
Le présent document établit un vocabulaire de termes et définitions relatifs au soudage par résistance par points, par bossages et à la molette.
NOTE En plus des termes utilisés en anglais et en français, deux des trois langues officielles de l'ISO, le présent document donne les termes équivalents en allemand; ceux-là sont publiés sous la responsabilité du comité membre allemand (DIN). Cependant, seuls les termes et définitions donnés dans les langues officielles peuvent être considérés comme termes et définitions de l'ISO.
Uporovno varjenje - Slovar - 1. del: Točkovno, bradavično in kolutno varjenje (ISO 17677-1:2021)
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-maj-2021
Nadomešča:
SIST EN ISO 17677-1:2019
Uporovno varjenje - Slovar - 1. del: Točkovno, bradavično in kolutno varjenje (ISO
17677-1:2021)
Resistance welding - Vocabulary - Part 1: Spot, projection and seam welding (ISO 17677
-1:2021)
Widerstandsschweißen - Begriffe - Teil 1: Punkt-, Buckel- und Rollennahtschweißen (ISO
17677-1:2021)
Soudage par résistance - Vocabulaire - Partie 1: Soudage par points, par bossages et à
la molette (ISO 17677-1:2021)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 17677-1:2021
ICS:
01.040.25 Izdelavna tehnika (Slovarji) Manufacturing engineering
(Vocabularies)
25.160.10 Varilni postopki in varjenje Welding processes
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
EN ISO 17677-1
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
March 2021
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 01.040.25; 25.160.10 Supersedes EN ISO 17677-1:2019
English Version
Resistance welding - Vocabulary - Part 1: Spot, projection
and seam welding (ISO 17677-1:2021)
Soudage par résistance - Vocabulaire - Partie 1: Widerstandsschweißen - Begriffe - Teil 1: Punkt-,
Soudage par points, par bossages et à la molette (ISO Buckel- und Rollennahtschweißen (ISO 17677-1:2021)
17677-1:2021)
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 28 February 2021.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and
United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2021 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN ISO 17677-1:2021 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
Contents Page
European foreword . 3
European foreword
This document (EN ISO 17677-1:2021) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 44 "Welding
and allied processes" in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 121 “Welding and allied
processes” the secretariat of which is held by DIN.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by September 2021, and conflicting national standards
shall be withdrawn at the latest by September 2021.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document supersedes EN ISO 17677-1:2019.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria,
Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland,
Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of
North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the
United Kingdom.
Endorsement notice
The text of ISO 17677-1:2021 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 17677-1:2021 without any
modification.
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 17677-1
NORME
Third edition
Troisième édition
INTERNATIONALE
2021-02
Resistance welding — Vocabulary —
Part 1:
Spot, projection and seam welding
Soudage par résistance —
Vocabulaire —
Partie 1:
Soudage par points, par bossages et à
la molette
Widerstandsschweißen — Begriffe —
Teil 1:
Punkt-, Buckel- und
Rollennahtschweißen
Reference number
Numéro de référence
ISO 17677-1:2021(E/F)
©
ISO 2021
ISO 17677-1:2021(E/F)
DOCUMENT PROTÉGÉ PAR COPYRIGHT
© ISO 2021
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting
on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address
below or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
Tous droits réservés. Sauf prescription différente ou nécessité dans le contexte de sa mise en oeuvre, aucune partie de cette
publication ne peut être reproduite ni utilisée sous quelque forme que ce soit et par aucun procédé, électronique ou mécanique,
y compris la photocopie, ou la diffusion sur l’internet ou sur un intranet, sans autorisation écrite préalable. Une autorisation peut
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ISO copyright office
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Phone: +41 22 749 01 11
Email: copyright@iso.org
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
Publié en Suisse
ii © ISO 2021 – All rights reserved/Tous droits réservés
ISO 17677-1:2021(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
3.1 Welding and testing procedures . 1
3.2 Hardware and tools . 3
3.3 Welding process and parameters. 4
3.4 Measurements and values . 9
Bibliography .27
ISO 17677-1:2021(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/ directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/ patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the
World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see www .iso .org/
iso/ foreword .html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 44, Welding and allied processes,
Subcommittee SC 6, Resistance welding and allied mechanical joining, in collaboration with the European
Committee for Standardization (CEN) Technical Committee CEN/TC 121, Welding and allied processes,
in accordance with the Agreement on technical cooperation between ISO and CEN (Vienna Agreement).
This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition (ISO 17677-1:2019), of which it constitutes a
minor revision. The main changes compared to the previous edition are as follows:
— the terms and definitions of ISO 14329 have been implemented;
— editorial changes have been made.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www .iso .org/ members .html.
Official interpretations of ISO/TC 44 documents, where they exist, are available from this page: https://
committee .iso .org/ sites/ tc44/ home/ interpretation .html.
iv © ISO 2021 – All rights reserved
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 17677-1:2021(E)
Resistance welding — Vocabulary —
Part 1:
Spot, projection and seam welding
1 Scope
This document establishes a vocabulary of terms and definitions for resistance spot welding, projection
welding and seam welding.
NOTE In addition to terms used in English and French, two of the three official ISO languages, this document
gives the equivalent terms in German; these are published under the responsibility of the member body for
Germany (DIN). However, only the terms and definitions given in the official languages can be considered as ISO
terms and definitions.
2 Normative references
There are no normative references in this document.
3 Terms and definitions
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at http:// www .electropedia .org/
3.1 Welding and testing procedures
3.1.1
chisel test
test in which a chisel is driven between the sheets near to adjacent welds until either fracture occurs or
until the metal near the weld yields or bends
3.1.2
cross tension test
tensile test of a resistance welded specimen to determine the mechanical properties and failure mode
of the weld
3.1.3
cross-wire welding
projection welding (3.1.11) of crossed wires or rods
3.1.4
direct welding
resistance welding secondary circuit variant in which welding current and electrode force (3.3.5) are
applied to the workpieces by directly opposed electrodes (3.2.1) and only one weld is made by one
welding operation
Note 1 to entry: See Figure 12 for typical arrangements.
ISO 17677-1:2021(E)
3.1.5
indirect welding
resistance welding secondary circuit variant in which the welding current flows through the workpieces
in locations away from, as well as at, the welds
Note 1 to entry: See Figure 13 for typical arrangements.
3.1.6
multiple impulse welding
welding with more than one impulse
Note 1 to entry: See Figures 4 to 7 for related time and electrode force (3.3.5) diagrams.
3.1.7
multiple spot welding
spot welding in which two or more welds are made simultaneously in one welding operation
Note 1 to entry: Examples are parallel spot welding (3.1.8) and series spot welding (3.1.14).
3.1.8
parallel spot welding
resistance welding secondary circuit variant in which the secondary current is divided in parallel
electrical paths to make two or more welds simultaneously
Note 1 to entry: See Figure 11 a).
3.1.9
peel test
destructive test in which a resistance-welded lap joint is tested by applying a peel force which results in
stresses mainly in the thickness direction of the weld
3.1.10
pillow test
destructive test in which internal pressure is applied in order to test for leaks and the strength of a
seam weld
3.1.11
projection welding
resistance welding in which the resulting welds are localized at predetermined poin
...
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
oSIST prEN ISO 17677-1:2020
01-december-2020
Uporovno varjenje - Slovar - 1. del: Točkovno, bradavično in kolutno varjenje
(ISO/FDIS 17677-1:2020)
Resistance welding - Vocabulary - Part 1: Spot, projection and seam welding (ISO/FDIS
17677-1:2020)
Widerstandsschweißen - Begriffe - Teil 1: Punkt-, Buckel- und Rollennahtschweißen
(ISO/FDIS 17677-1:2020)
Soudage par résistance - Vocabulaire - Partie 1: Soudage par points, par bossages et à
la molette (ISO/FDIS 17677-1:2020)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN ISO 17677-1
ICS:
01.040.25 Izdelavna tehnika (Slovarji) Manufacturing engineering
(Vocabularies)
25.160.10 Varilni postopki in varjenje Welding processes
oSIST prEN ISO 17677-1:2020 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
oSIST prEN ISO 17677-1:2020
oSIST prEN ISO 17677-1:2020
FINAL
INTERNATIONAL ISO/FDIS
DRAFT
STANDARD 17677-1
ISO/TC 44/SC 6
Resistance welding — Vocabulary —
Secretariat: DIN
Voting begins on:
Part 1:
2020-11-04
Spot, projection and seam welding
Voting terminates on:
2021-01-27
Soudage par résistance — Vocabulaire —
Partie 1: Soudage par points, par bossages et à la molette
ISO/CEN PARALLEL PROCESSING
RECIPIENTS OF THIS DRAFT ARE INVITED TO
SUBMIT, WITH THEIR COMMENTS, NOTIFICATION
OF ANY RELEVANT PATENT RIGHTS OF WHICH
THEY ARE AWARE AND TO PROVIDE SUPPOR TING
DOCUMENTATION.
IN ADDITION TO THEIR EVALUATION AS
Reference number
BEING ACCEPTABLE FOR INDUSTRIAL, TECHNO-
ISO/FDIS 17677-1:2020(E)
LOGICAL, COMMERCIAL AND USER PURPOSES,
DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS MAY ON
OCCASION HAVE TO BE CONSIDERED IN THE
LIGHT OF THEIR POTENTIAL TO BECOME STAN-
DARDS TO WHICH REFERENCE MAY BE MADE IN
©
NATIONAL REGULATIONS. ISO 2020
oSIST prEN ISO 17677-1:2020
ISO/FDIS 17677-1:2020(E)
© ISO 2020
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting
on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address
below or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: +41 22 749 01 11
Email: copyright@iso.org
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2020 – All rights reserved
oSIST prEN ISO 17677-1:2020
ISO/FDIS 17677-1:2020(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
3.1 Welding and testing procedures . 1
3.2 Hardware and tools . 3
3.3 Welding process and parameters. 4
3.4 Measurements and values . 9
Bibliography .27
oSIST prEN ISO 17677-1:2020
ISO/FDIS 17677-1:2020(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/ directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/ patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation on the voluntary nature of standards meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions
related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the World Trade
Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: www
.iso .org/ iso/ foreword .html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 44, Welding and allied processes,
Subcommittee SC 6, Resistance welding and allied mechanical joining.
Any feedback, question or request for official interpretation related to any aspect of this document
should be directed to the Secretariat of ISO/TC 44/SC 6 via your national standards body. A complete
listing of these bodies can be found at www .iso .org/ members .html. Official interpretations, where they
exist, are available from this page: https:// committee .iso .org/ sites/ tc44/ home/ interpretation .html.
This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition (ISO 17677-1:2019), of which it constitutes a
minor revision. The main changes compared to the previous edition are as follows:
— the terms and definitions of ISO 14329 have been implemented;
— editorial changes have been made.
iv © ISO 2020 – All rights reserved
oSIST prEN ISO 17677-1:2020
FINAL DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/FDIS 17677-1:2020(E)
Resistance welding — Vocabulary —
Part 1:
Spot, projection and seam welding
1 Scope
This document establishes a vocabulary of terms and definitions for resistance spot welding, projection
welding and seam welding.
NOTE In addition to terms used in English and French, two of the three official ISO languages, this document
gives the equivalent terms in German; these are published under the responsibility of the member body for
Germany (DIN). However, only the terms and definitions given in the official languages can be considered as ISO
terms and definitions.
2 Normative references
There are no normative references in this document.
3 Terms and definitions
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at http:// www .electropedia .org/
3.1 Welding and testing procedures
3.1.1
chisel test
test in which a chisel is driven between the sheets near to adjacent welds until either fracture occurs or
until the metal near the weld yields or bends
3.1.2
cross tension test
tensile test of a resistance welded specimen to determine the mechanical properties and failure mode
of the weld
3.1.3
cross-wire welding
projection welding (3.1.11) of crossed wires or rods
3.1.4
direct welding
resistance welding secondary circuit variant in which welding current and electrode force (3.3.5) are
applied to the workpieces by directly opposed electrodes (3.2.1) and only one weld is made by one
welding operation
Note 1 to entry: See Figure 12 for typical arrangements.
oSIST prEN ISO 17677-1:2020
ISO/FDIS 17677-1:2020(E)
3.1.5
indirect welding
resistance welding secondary circuit variant in which the welding current flows through the workpieces
in locations away from, as well as at, the welds
Note 1 to entry: See Figure 13 for typical arrangements.
3.1.6
multiple impulse welding
welding with more than one impulse
Note 1 to entry: See Figures 4 to 7 for related time and electrode force (3.3.5) diagrams.
3.1.7
multiple spot welding
spot welding in which two or more welds are made simultaneously in one welding operation
Note 1 to entry: Examples are parallel spot welding (3.1.8) and series spot welding (3.1.14).
3.1.8
parallel spot welding
resistance welding secondary circuit variant in which the secondary current is divided in parallel
electrical paths to make two or more welds simultaneously
Note 1 to entry: See Figure 11 a).
3.1.9
peel test
destructive test in which a resistance‑welded lap joint is tested by applying a peel force which results in
stresses mainly in the thickness direction of the weld
3.1.10
pillow test
destructive test in which internal pressure is applied in order to test for leaks and the strength of a
seam weld
3.1.11
projection welding
resistance welding in which the resulting welds are localized at predetermined points by projections,
embossments or intersections, concentrating force and current by their geometry
Note 1 to entry: The projections are raised on, or formed from, one or more of the faying surfaces (3.3.16) and
collapse during welding.
3.1.12
resistance spot welding
resistance welding process producing a weld at the faying surfaces (3.3.16) between overlapping parts
by the heat obtained from resistance to the flow of welding current through the workpieces from the
electrodes (3.2.1) serving to concentrate the welding current and pressure at the weld area
3.1.13
seam welding
resistance welding in which force is applied continuously and current is applied continuously or
intermittently to produce a linear weld, the workpieces being between two electrode wheels (3.2.5) or
an electrode wheel and an electrode bar
2 © ISO 2020 – All rights reserved
oSIST prEN ISO 17677-1:2020
ISO/FDIS 17677-1:2020(E)
3.1.14
series spot welding
resistance welding secondary circuit variant in which the secondary current is conducted through the
workpieces and electrodes (3.2.1) in a series electrical path to simultaneously form multiple resistance
spot, seam or projection welds
Note 1 to entry: See Figures 1 and 11 b).
3.1.15
roll spot welding
resistance welding process variant that produces intermittent spot welds using one or more rotating
circular electrodes
Note 1 to entry: The rotation of the electrodes (3.2.1) may or may not be stopped during the making of a weld.
3.1.16
shunt weld
first weld on a series of spot welds, which acts as a shunt
3.1.17
tensile shear test
test in which a lap‑welded specimen is subjected to a tensile force with the aim of determining the
mechanical properties of the specimen
3.1.18
stitch welding
spot welding in which successive welds overlap
3.2 Hardware and tools
3.2.1
electrode
resistance welding electrode
component of the electrical circuit that supplies electrical power and applies electrode force (3.3.5) to
the workpiece
EXAMPLE Rotating wheel, rotating roll, bar, cylinder, plate, clamp, chuck, variations thereof.
3.2.1.1
angled electrode
bent electrode
electrode for spot or stitch welding (3.1.18) whose electrode working face (3.2.6) is not normal to the
mounting axis
3.2.1.2
contact electrode
resistance welding electrode (3.2.1) designed to conduct secondary current through a workpiece without
making a weld
3.2.1.3
offset electrode
eccentric electrode
electrode for spot or stitch welding (3.1.18) whose electrode working face (3.2.6) is not concentric with
the axis of the electrode adaptor (3.2.2)
3.2.2
electrode adaptor
shank
device used to attach an electrode (3.2.1) to an electrode holder (3.2.4)
oSIST prEN ISO 17677-1:2020
ISO/FDIS 17677-1:2020(E)
3.2.3
electrode cap
replaceable electrode (3.2.1) tip used in resistance spot welding (3.1.12)
3.2.4
electrode holder
device holding a welding electrode (3.2.1)
3.2.5
electrode wheel
seam welding wheel
rotating resistance welding electrode (3.2.1) of ring or disc shape
3.2.6
electrode working face
end of a resistance welding electrode (3.2.1) in contact
with the workpiece
3.2.7
welding head
device comprising the force generation and guiding system, carrying an electrode holder (3.2.4), platen
or electrode wheel (3.2.5)
3.3 Welding process and parameters
3.3.1
chill time
quench time
period of time between the end of the weld current and the start of post-heat current during which no
current flows and the weld is cooled by the electrodes (3.2.1)
Note 1 to entry: See Figure 5.
3.3.2
cool time
pause time
time interval between successive heat times in multiple impulse welding (3.1.6) or seam welding (3.1.13)
Note 1 to entry: See Figures 4 and 7.
3.3.3
current delay time
time interval between reaching set force and initiation of current flow
Note 1 to entry: See Figure 3.
3.3.4
current-off time
period of time between the cessation of current in one welding cycle (3.3.43) and the beginning of
current in the next one
3.3.5
el
...
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