IEC 62943:2017
(Main)Visible light beacon system for multimedia applications
Visible light beacon system for multimedia applications
IEC 62943:2017 aims at establishing a unified standard concerning the lower communication layer common to multimedia applications, and does not deal with the upper communication layer which depends upon individual applications. This document specifies a unidirectional visible light communication protocol using visible light, named "visible light beacon system for multimedia applications".
Système de balise de lumière visible pour applications multimédias
L'IEC 62943:2017 vise à l'établissement d'une norme unifiée concernant la couche inférieure de communication commune aux applications multimédias et ne traite pas de la couche supérieure de communication qui dépend des applications individuelles. Le présent document spécifie un protocole de communication unidirectionnelle par lumière visible qui utilise la lumière visible, nommé "système de balise de lumière visible pour applications multimédias".
General Information
Standards Content (Sample)
IEC 62943
®
Edition 1.0 2017-03
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
colour
inside
Visible light beacon system for multimedia applications
Système de balise de lumière visible pour applications multimédias
IEC 62943:2017-03(en-fr)
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IEC 62943
®
Edition 1.0 2017-03
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
colour
inside
Visible light beacon system for multimedia applications
Système de balise de lumière visible pour applications multimédias
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
COMMISSION
ELECTROTECHNIQUE
INTERNATIONALE
ISBN 978-2-8322-4016-8
ICS 33.160.60; 35.100.10
Warning! Make sure that you obtained this publication from an authorized distributor.
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® Registered trademark of the International Electrotechnical Commission
Marque déposée de la Commission Electrotechnique Internationale
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– 2 – IEC 62943:2017 IEC 2017
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 4
1 Scope . 6
2 Normative references . 6
3 Terms and definitions . 6
4 System outline . 7
4.1 Interface points and protocol rules . 7
4.2 Functions . 9
5 Physical layer . 9
5.1 Wavelength . 9
5.2 Data rate . 9
5.3 Data transmission system . 9
5.4 Spurious . 10
6 Frame layer . 10
6.1 Single frame transmission . 10
6.1.1 Frame structure . 10
6.1.2 Preamble (PRE). 10
6.1.3 ID length (IDLEN) . 11
6.1.4 ID type (IDTYPE) . 11
6.1.5 CRC . 11
6.2 Multiple frames transmission . 11
6.2.1 Frame structure . 11
6.2.2 Preamble (PRE). 12
6.2.3 Sequence number (SEQNO) . 13
6.2.4 Partition type (PTYPE) . 13
6.2.5 BODY . 14
6.2.6 CRC . 14
6.3 Idle pattern . 15
7 Measurement method . 15
Annex A (normative) Code management concerning frame type, ID and DATA . 16
Annex B (informative) Background, application examples, and safety . 17
B.1 General . 17
B.2 Background of this standard . 17
B.3 Application examples . 17
B.3.1 General . 17
B.3.2 Multimedia applications utilizing positional information . 17
B.3.3 Application in public spaces . 17
B.3.4 Cooperation with other services . 18
B.3.5 Application to setting of equipment . 18
B.3.6 Application to AV and multimedia devices . 18
B.3.7 Application to entertainment . 18
B.4 Safety . 18
Annex C (informative) Purpose, justification, possible applications, and installation
examples . 19
C.1 Purpose . 19
C.2 Justification . 19
C.3 Possible applications . 19
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IEC 62943:2017 IEC 2017 – 3 –
C.3.1 Genereal . 19
C.3.2 Visible light beacon system for multimedia devices receiving location-
dependent advertisement multimedia information from digital signage . 19
C.3.3 Visible light beacon system for guiding and navigation system. 20
C.3.4 Visible light beacon system for multimedia devices receiving multimedia
information from a TV backlight . 20
C.4 Installation examples . 21
C.4.1 General . 21
C.4.2 Visible light beacon system for indoor navigation for the visually
impaired (february 2012) . 21
C.4.3 Visible light beacon system for indoor smartphone users (april 2013) . 21
Bibliography . 23
Figure 1 – Visible light beacon system for multimedia applications. 7
Figure 2 – Visible light beacon system for multimedia applications: structure and
interface point . 8
Figure 3 – I-4PPM signal waveform . 9
Figure 4 – I-4PPM Slot and Symbol . 10
Figure 5 – Frame structure for single frame transmission . 10
Figure 6 – Preamble for single frame transmission . 11
Figure 7 – Frame structure for a multiple frames transmission . 12
Figure 8 – Body field in Single frame compatible mode . 14
Figure C.1 – Visible light beacon system for multimedia devices receiving location-
dependent advertisement multimedia information from digital signage . 19
Figure C.2 – Visible light beacon system for guiding and navigation system . 20
Figure C.3 – Visible light beacon system for multimedia devices receiving multimedia
information from a TV backlight . 20
Figure C.4 – Visible light beacon system for indoor navigation for the visually impaired . 21
Figure C.5 – Visible light beacon system for indoor smartphone users . 22
Table 1 – ID length . 11
Table 2 – Length of CRC and generator polynomial . 11
Table 3 – Possible length of concatenated data . 12
Table 4 – Preambles for multiple frames transmission . 13
Table 5 – Sequence number . 13
Table 6 – Partition type . 14
Table 7 – Field composition for each length of ID/DATA in Single frame compatible
mode . 14
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INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
VISIBLE LIGHT BEACON SYSTEM FOR MULTIMEDIA APPLICATIONS
FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote
international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To
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9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of
patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
International Standard IEC 62943 has been prepared by IEC technical committee 100: Audio,
video and multimedia systems and equipment.
The text of this standard is based on the following documents:
FDIS Report on voting
100/2850/FDIS 100/2857/RVD
Full information on the voting for the approval of this standard can be found in the report on
voting indicated in the above table.
This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
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IEC 62943:2017 IEC 2017 – 5 –
The committee has decided that the contents of this publication will remain unchanged until
the stability date indicated on the IEC website under "http://webstore.iec.ch" in the data
related to the specific publication. At this date, the publication will be
• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn,
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.
IMPORTANT – The 'colour inside' logo on the cover page of this publication indicates
that it contains colours which are considered to be useful for the correct
understanding of its contents. Users should therefore print this document using a
colour printer.
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VISIBLE LIGHT BEACON SYSTEM FOR MULTIMEDIA APPLICATIONS
1 Scope
This International Standard aims at establishing a unified standard concerning the lower
communication layer common to multimedia applications, and does not deal with the upper
communication layer which depends upon individual applications.
This document specifies a unidirectional visible light communication protocol using visible
light, named "visible light beacon system for multimedia applications". This document does
not specify the type of receivers. Dimming can be done by such methods as pulse width
control or amplitude control, but the dimming is out of the scope of this document.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their
content constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition
cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including
any amendments) applies.
There are no normative references in this document.
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following
addresses:
• IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/
• ISO Online browsing platform: available at http://www.iso.org/obp
3.1
visible light beacon transmitter
transmitter utilizing visible light beacon of visible light transmission standard
3.2
visible light beacon receiver
receiver utilizing visible light beacon of visible light transmission standard
3.3
visible light beacon system
unidirectional beacon system utilizing visible light as its carrier
3.4
ID resolution
resolution of information related to the ID
3.5
ID resolution server
server capable of ID resolution from inquired ID
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IEC 62943:2017 IEC 2017 – 7 –
3.6
carrier
signal consisting of a visible light in the case of visible light communication for transmission of
information through (wired or wireless) communication media
3.7
modulation
processing and transforming of a carrier according to information in order to enable the
information to be transmitted efficiently and correctly through communication media
3.8
frame
assembly of information continued for a certain length of time
3.9
preamble
signal to inform reception side about preparation and time position of start of the frame
3.10
communication protocol
set of rules decided for mutual communication between transmitters and receivers
3.11
encode
adapting the transmitted data array to be consistent with the transmission protocol
4 System outline
4.1 Interface points and protocol rules
The IF-a (interface point a) part in the visible light beacon system in Figure 1 shall be used.
Visible light
beacon
transmitter
IF-a
Visible light
beacon receiver
IEC
Figure 1 – Visible light beacon system for multimedia applications
Figures 2 a), b), c) and d) represent interface standard points between system structure
figures and element systems of visible light beacon system for multimedia applications.
• Figure 2 a) is the whole structure (standard structure) of most common visible light beacon
system for multimedia applications. The visible light beacon receiver sends the beacon
received from a visible light beacon transmitter to an ID resolution server, obtains the
address of the information providing server where target information exists, and obtains
the target information from the information providing server using the address.
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• Figure 2 b) is the system structure (degeneracy system structure 1) for obtaining target
information by implementing ID resolution in the beacon receiver, referring to ID resolution
table incorporated in the visible light beacon receiver, and directly accessing the
information providing server based on the result.
• Figure 2 c) is the system structure (degeneracy system structure 2) for preliminarily
caching target information, in addition to ID resolution table, in the visible light beacon
receiver, and directly indicating the selected target information based on the received
beacon.
• Figure 2 d) is the system structure (direct information delivery structure) for the visible
light beacon receiver to directly receive delivery of target information itself from visible
light beacon transmitter.
The interface point a common to Figure 2 a) to 2 d) shall be used.
Visible light Visible light
beacon beacon
transmitter transmitter
ID
IF-b
resolution
server
IF-a IF-a
ID
URL
URL
Information Information
Visible light
Visible light
providing providing
beacon receiver
beacon receiver
server server
Information
Information
IF-c
IF-c
IEC
IEC
a) Standard structure b) Degeneracy system structure 1
Visible light Visible light
beacon beacon
transmitter transmitter
IF-a
IF-a
Visible light Visible light
Cache
beacon
beacon within
receiver
receiver
receiver
IEC
IEC
c) Degeneracy system structure 2 d) Direct information delivery structure
Figure 2 – Visible light beacon system for multimedia applications:
structure and interface point
All the system structures above assume that there is one visible light beacon transmitter. If
there are multiple light sources and the visible light beacon receiver receives signals from
multiple light sources at the same time, it can cause interference. The interference problem
can be solved by aligning the optics of a transmitter and a receiver. However, the alignment is
outside the scope of this document.
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IEC 62943:2017 IEC 2017 – 9 –
4.2 Functions
The visible light beacon transmitter can transmit information. The transmitted information can
be either arbitrary data or an ID code. The ID code system used is selectable, and various
services can be provided or enjoyed through ID resolution (drawing information related to ID).
5 Physical layer
5.1 Wavelength
The wavelength of the system optical output shall be in the visible range with peak
wavelength from 380 nm to 780 nm.
5.2 Data rate
Data rate shall be 4,8 kb/s with tolerance of ±0,5 %.
5.3 Data transmission system
The transmission system for modulation of visible light should use Inverted 4PPM encoding.
Such a modulation method is called I-4PPM (Inverted 4PPM). Figure 3 shows I-4PPM signal
waveform. Although the signal is represented by square wave, actually waveform shaping is
required to comply with spurious rules as individual electronic instruments. The same applies
to Figure 4.
The bit ordering of the transmitted data after preamble is LSB (least significant bit) first,
meaning that the least significant bit is transmitted first.
Transmission order: last
Transmission order: first
Data 0(LSB) 0 0 1 1 0 1 1
4PPM signal
1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1
Bright
Dark
IEC
Figure 3 – I-4PPM signal waveform
With waveform intensities a and b shown in Figure 3, signal amplitude and modulation index
are defined as below.
signal amplitude = b – a
modulation index = (b – a)/b
The 4PPM encoding system distributes evenly a specific length of time defined as symbol
time (D ) to 4 slots (C ), it converts a pulse of 1 slot width in 1 symbol time, and transmits
1 1
information of 2 bits assigned to existing slot time position of the pulse. Encoding rule of slot
time position are illustrated in Figure 4. For example:
Symbol time D = 2 × (1/4 800) = 0,416 ms
1
Slot time C = D / 4 = 0,104 ms
1 1
a
b
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Data 0 (LSB) 0 0 1 1 0 1 1
I-4PPM signal 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1
1
0
Slot
(C1)
2 bit = 1 symbol = 4 slot
Symbol (D1)
IEC
Figure 4 – I-4PPM Slot and Symbol
5.4 Spurious
The details of this item are defined in each application standard. For example, visible light
beacon transmitters using LED lighting systems should be defined in electrical spurious
standard for lighting equipment.
6 Frame layer
6.1 Single frame transmission
6.1.1 Frame structure
Figure 5 shows a frame structure for a single frame transmission. The frame consists of
preamble (PRE), ID length (IDLEN), ID type (IDTYPE), ID and/or data (ID/DATA), and cyclic
redundancy code (CRC) fields.
PRE IDLEN IDTYPE ID / DATA CRC
6 bit 3 bit 5 bit variable length variable length
Start of frame Body End of frame
IEC
Figure 5 – Frame structure for single frame transmission
6.1.2 Preamble (PRE)
The pattern of "1" in three sequential slots followed by nine "0" slots, which does not occur by
I-4PPM encode of data, is set as a preamble for single frame transmission as shown in
Figure 6.
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