Printed electronics - Part 302-2: Equipment - Inkjet - Imaging-based measurement of droplet volume

IEC 62899-302-2:2018(E) specifies the method for determining accurate inkjet droplet volume based on images obtained by drop-in-flight measurement systems. It does not apply to imaging systems using interference fringes, such as holography or phase doppler anemometry. This document is not limited to drop-on-demand inkjet systems, but might not be applicable to continuous inkjet or liquid dispensing systems. This document includes a description of the issues concerning such measurements and consideration of the limits to measurement accuracy.

General Information

Status
Published
Publication Date
06-May-2018
Technical Committee
Drafting Committee
Current Stage
PPUB - Publication issued
Start Date
25-May-2018
Completion Date
07-May-2018
Ref Project

Buy Standard

Standard
IEC 62899-302-2:2018 - Printed electronics - Part 302-2: Equipment - Inkjet - Imaging-based measurement of droplet volume
English language
17 pages
sale 15% off
Preview
sale 15% off
Preview

Standards Content (Sample)


IEC 62899-302-2 ®
Edition 1.0 2018-05
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
Printed electronics –
Part 302-2: Equipment – Inkjet – Imaging-based measurement of droplet volume

All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form
or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from
either IEC or IEC's member National Committee in the country of the requester. If you have any questions about IEC
copyright or have an enquiry about obtaining additional rights to this publication, please contact the address below or
your local IEC member National Committee for further information.

IEC Central Office Tel.: +41 22 919 02 11
3, rue de Varembé info@iec.ch
CH-1211 Geneva 20 www.iec.ch
Switzerland
About the IEC
The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is the leading global organization that prepares and publishes
International Standards for all electrical, electronic and related technologies.

About IEC publications
The technical content of IEC publications is kept under constant review by the IEC. Please make sure that you have the
latest edition, a corrigenda or an amendment might have been published.

IEC Catalogue - webstore.iec.ch/catalogue Electropedia - www.electropedia.org
The stand-alone application for consulting the entire The world's leading online dictionary of electronic and
bibliographical information on IEC International Standards, electrical terms containing 21 000 terms and definitions in
Technical Specifications, Technical Reports and other English and French, with equivalent terms in 16 additional
documents. Available for PC, Mac OS, Android Tablets and languages. Also known as the International Electrotechnical
iPad. Vocabulary (IEV) online.

IEC publications search - webstore.iec.ch/advsearchform IEC Glossary - std.iec.ch/glossary
The advanced search enables to find IEC publications by a 67 000 electrotechnical terminology entries in English and
variety of criteria (reference number, text, technical French extracted from the Terms and Definitions clause of
committee,…). It also gives information on projects, replaced IEC publications issued since 2002. Some entries have been
and withdrawn publications. collected from earlier publications of IEC TC 37, 77, 86 and

CISPR.
IEC Just Published - webstore.iec.ch/justpublished

Stay up to date on all new IEC publications. Just Published IEC Customer Service Centre - webstore.iec.ch/csc
details all new publications released. Available online and If you wish to give us your feedback on this publication or
also once a month by email. need further assistance, please contact the Customer Service
Centre: sales@iec.ch.
IEC 62899-302-2 ®
Edition 1.0 2018-05
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
Printed electronics –
Part 302-2: Equipment – Inkjet – Imaging-based measurement of droplet volume

INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
ICS 19.080; 37.100.10 ISBN 978-2-8322-5671-8

– 2 – IEC 62899-302-2:2018 © IEC 2018
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 3
1 Scope . 5
2 Normative references . 5
3 Terms and definitions . 5
4 Droplet volume measurement . 6
4.1 General . 6
4.1.1 Overview . 6
4.1.2 Volume measurement and droplet shape equalization processes . 6
4.1.3 Imaging optics . 7
4.1.4 Image shape processing . 7
4.1.5 Calibration . 7
4.1.6 Uncertainties . 7
4.2 Processes for measurement of inkjet droplet volume . 8
4.2.1 General . 8
4.2.2 Process for measurement of inkjet droplet volume – Method 1 . 8
4.2.3 Process for measurement of inkjet droplet volume – Method 2 . 8
Annex A (informative) Key considerations for in-flight droplet volume measurement . 10
A.1 Jetted droplet volume in printed electronics . 10
A.1.1 General . 10
A.1.2 Image resolution . 10
A.1.3 Greyscale-to-binary image conversion . 11
A.1.4 Absolute droplet volume . 13
A.2 Formulae for inkjet droplet volume . 14
A.3 Results . 15
Bibliography . 16

Figure 1 – Representation of greyscale drop size 1 (“native drop”) to size 7 . 5
Figure A.1 – Magnified droplet grey image . 10
Figure A.2 – Threshold value influence on binary image: on the left, a threshold of 25;
on the right, a threshold of 75 . 12
Figure A.3 – Apparent image height of objects imaged near the focal plane (FP) using
a conventional lens . 12
Figure A.4 – Example of percentage size distortion in image plane for a conventional lens . 13
Figure A.5 – Shadowgraph of inkjet-printed droplets, ligaments and satellites in-flight . 14

INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
PRINTED ELECTRONICS –
Part 302-2: Equipment – Inkjet –
Imaging-based measurement of droplet volume

FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote
international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To
this end and in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications,
Technical Reports, Publicly Available Specifications (PAS) and Guides (hereafter referred to as “IEC
Publication(s)”). Their preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested
in the subject dealt with may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-
governmental organizations liaising with the IEC also participate in this preparation. IEC collaborates closely
with the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by
agreement between the two organizations.
2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international
consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all
interested IEC National Committees.
3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National
Committees in that sense. While all reasonable efforts are made to ensure that the technical content of IEC
Publications is accurate, IEC cannot be held responsible for the way in which they are used or for any
misinterpretation by any end user.
4) In order to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications
transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional publications. Any divergence
between any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional publication shall be clearly indicated in
the latter.
5) IEC itself does not provide any attestation of conformity. Independent certification bodies provide conformity
assessment services and, in some areas, access to IEC marks of conformity. IEC is not responsible for any
services carried out by independent certification bodies.
6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication.
7) No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employees, servants or agents including individual experts and
members of its technical committees and IEC National Committees for any personal injury, property damage or
other damage of any nature whatsoever, whether direct or indirect, or for costs (including legal fees) and
expenses arising out of the publication, use of, or reliance upon, this IEC Publication or any other IEC
Publications.
8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of
patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
International Standard IEC 62899-302-2 has been prepared by IEC technical committee 119:
Printed Electronics.
The text of this International Standard is based on the following documents:
FDIS Report on voting
119/204/FDIS 119/216/RVD
Full information on the voting for the approval of this International Standard can be found in
the report on voting indicated in the above table.
This document has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.

– 4 – IEC 62899-302-2:2018 © IEC 2018
A list of all parts in the IEC 62899 series, published under the general title Printed electronics,
can be found on the IEC website.
The committee has decided that the contents of this document will remain unchanged until the
stability date indicated on the IEC website under "http://webstore.iec.ch" in the data related to
the specific document. At this date, the document will be
• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn,
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.
A bilingual version of this publication may be issued at a later date.

PRINTED ELECTRONICS –
Part 302-2: Equipment – Inkjet –
Imaging-based measurement of droplet volume

1 Scope
This part of IEC 62899 specifies the method for determining accurate inkjet droplet volume
based on images obtained by drop-in-flight measurement systems. It does not apply to
imaging systems using interference fringes, such as holography or phase doppler
anemometry. This document is not limited to drop-on-demand inkjet systems, but might not be
applicable to continuous inkjet or liquid dispensing systems. This document includes a
description of the issues concerning such measurements and consideration of the limits to
measurement accuracy.
2 Normative references
There are no normative references in this document.
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following
addresses:
• IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/
• ISO Online browsing platform: available at http://www.iso.org/obp
3.1
droplet volume
amount of jetted fluid from an inkjet print-head nozzle measured by single event imaging
Note 1 to entry: For a single event drive pulse designed to produce sub-drops that are intended to merge in-flight
to form a larger droplet, for example to form a specific greyscale image value on deposition, droplet volume refers
to the large merged droplet and not to smaller component sub-drops.
3.2
native drop volume
amount of fluid within the smallest sub-drop jetted from a greyscale inkjet print-head used to
create images with droplets formed by multiple sub-drops within a single event
Note 1 to entry: Native drops (or threads or satellite drops) might be too small for accurate measurements by
flash imaging, but satellite drops that have merged in-flight might be large enough for drop analysis systems. (See
Figure 1 for a representation of the relative sizes for greyscale droplets in-flight.)
IEC
Figure 1 – Representation of greyscale drop size 1
(“native drop”) to size 7
– 6 – IEC 62899-302-2:2018 © IEC 2018
4 Droplet volume measurement
4.1 General
4.1.1 Overview
This document concerns accurate determination of inkjet droplet volume from high speed
flash images of inkjet droplets travelling in-flight from inkjet print-head nozzles. Accurate
relative (rather than absolute) droplet volumes are useful for industrial inkjet-printed
electronics applications. Short flash durations avoid significant motion blurring in droplet
images. Two widely used scenarios, for flash imaging as applied to measurement of inkjet
drop speed, are considered in this document b
...

Questions, Comments and Discussion

Ask us and Technical Secretary will try to provide an answer. You can facilitate discussion about the standard in here.