ISO/TR 19591:2018
(Main)Personal protective equipment for firefighters — Standard terms and definitions
Personal protective equipment for firefighters — Standard terms and definitions
ISO/TR 19591:2018 contains a list of terms which are frequently used in the standardization of personal protective equipment worn by firefighters and definitions of these terms. The definitions are intended to support an unambiguous use of the terms listed.
Équipement de protection personnelle pour pompiers — Termes et définitions normalisés
General Information
Standards Content (Sample)
TECHNICAL ISO/TR
REPORT 19591
First edition
2018-01
Personal protective equipment for
firefighters — Standard terms and
definitions
Équipement de protection personnelle pour pompiers — Termes et
définitions normalisés
Reference number
ISO/TR 19591:2018(E)
©
ISO 2018
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ISO/TR 19591:2018(E)
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ISO/TR 19591:2018(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
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ISO/TR 19591:2018(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/ directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/ patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation on the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the WTO
principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: Foreword - Supplementary
information
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 94, Personal safety — Protective clothing
and equipment, Subcommittee SC 14, Fire-fighters' personal equipment.
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ISO/TR 19591:2018(E)
Introduction
The definitions compiled in this document apply to the standards and draft standards prepared by
ISO/TC 94/SC 14.
For this reason, the terms and definitions laid down in this technical report only cover personal
protective equipment which is used by firefighters.
Since the document was developed under Clause 5.2 of the Vienna Agreement, it also takes account of
terms and definitions of the relevant ISO-TC for protective clothing, ISO/TC 94/SC 13 and ISO/TR 11610.
In addition, terms applied by the American National Fire Protection Association standards body and
other standards bodies including EN and AS/NZS Standards are included in so far as ISO/TC 94/SC 14
use them in its standardising activities.
This document is intended to serve as a reference document for ISO/TC 94/SC 14 to ascertain what
definitions already exist and may be used for setting up new standards and to provide guidance in
the elaboration of new definitions. The document should be taken into account when terms need to
be defined in ISO/TC 94/SC 14. Except in exceptional circumstances, terms included in Clause 3 of this
document should not be re-defined with a different meaning in a standard prepared by ISO/TC 94/SC 14.
If the particular use of a term requires a further definition to limit its meaning within the definition
in this document, this document should be referred to and the term number given. The division of a
concept defined in this document into sub-concepts in a terms and definitions clause of another
standard should be in accordance with ISO 704:1994 and ISO 860. The layout should be in accordance
with ISO 10241-1.
Whenever new terms are defined, the principles laid down in ISO 10241-1, ISO 860 ad ISO 704 should be
taken into account as far as possible.
It is strongly recommended that terms in this document are used within the limits of their definitions
when they are used in manufacturers’ information leaflets and in advertising and promotion of
products covered by standards prepared by ISO/TC 94/SC 14.
This document aims to facilitate the use of terms that have already been defined and to serve as a basis
for further definitions when new standards are being developed for firefighters’ personal protective
equipment.
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TECHNICAL REPORT ISO/TR 19591:2018(E)
Personal protective equipment for firefighters — Standard
terms and definitions
1 Scope
This document contains a list of terms which are frequently used in the standardization of personal
protective equipment worn by firefighters and definitions of these terms. The definitions are intended
to support an unambiguous use of the terms listed.
2 Normative references
There are no normative references in this document.
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at http:// www .electropedia .org/
NOTE The following terms and definitions have been taken from ISO/TR 11610 and the existing standards
and draft standards in ISO/TC 94/SC 14. For each definition, the source standard(s) is given below the term. For
some terms, the definition given in the document refers to its use in the specific field of firefighters personal
protective equipment.
3.1
abrasion cycle
completion of all the translational abrasion movements tracing a Lissajous figure comprising 16 rubs,
i.e. 16 revolutions of the two outer drives and 15 revolutions of the inner drive of the Martindale
abrasion tester
[SOURCE: ISO 12947−1:1998, 3.2]
3.2
abrasion rub
one revolution of the outer drives of the Martindale abrasion tester
[SOURCE: ISO 12947-11:1998, 3.1]
3.3
attached components
components such as but not limited to gloves and boots that can be either temporarily or permanently
joined or fastened, either by design or by a procedure described by the manufacturer in the user
instructions, to the chemical protective suit to create a chemical protective ensemble
3.4
accessory
additional parts that are approved by the manufacturer and can be attached to an item of PPE but are
not necessary to fulfil the requirements of the standard
EXAMPLE Cable clips, lamp brackets, etc.
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ISO/TR 19591:2018(E)
[SOURCE: ISO 11999-1:2015, 3.1, modified — “is” changed to “are”.]
3.5
afterflame
persistence of flaming of material under specified test conditions, after the ignition source has
been removed
[SOURCE: ISO/TR 11610:2004, 3.5]
3.6
afterflame time
duration of flaming after removal of ignition source; length of time for which a material continues to
flame, under the specified test conditions, after the ignition source has been removed
Note 1 to entry: Afterflame time is measured to the nearest second and afterflame times of less than 1,0 s should
be recorded as zero.
[SOURCE: ISO/TR 11610:2004, 3.6, modified — Note to entry added.]
3.7
afterglow
persistence of glowing combustion of a material under specified test conditions, after cessation of
afterflaming or, if no afterflaming occurs, after removal of the ignition source
Note 1 to entry: Afterglow is a continuation of combustion with the evolution of heat and light but without flame.
Some materials absorb heat during the flame application and continue to emit this absorbed heat after removal
of the igniting flame. This glowing without combustion should not be recorded as afterglow.
[SOURCE: ISO 15025:2016, 3.2]
3.8
afterglow time
duration of flaming after removal of ignition source
Note 1 to entry: It is also defined as the length of time for which a material continues to flame under the specified
test conditions, after the ignition source has been removed.
Note 2 to entry: Afterflame time is measured and reported to the nearest second.
[SOURCE: ISO 15025:2016, 3.3, modified — original text is “duration of afterglow”.]
3.9
ageing
change of one or more initial properties of the materials during the passage of time
[SOURCE: ISO/TR 11610:2004, 3.9]
3.10
antistatic footwear
footwear whose resistance, when measured, lies above 100 kΩ and is less than or equal to 1 000 MΩ
Note 1 to entry: The resistance is measured according to ISO 20344:2011 5.10.
[SOURCE: ISO 20345:2011, 3.15, modified — text added “whose resistance, when measured, lies”]
3.11
anti-wicking barrier
material used to prevent the transfer of liquid from outside the garment to inside the garment, usually
in addition to or replacing part of the moisture barrier at the edge(s)
[SOURCE: EN 469:2005, 3.1]
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ISO/TR 19591:2018(E)
3.12
approach fire fighting
limited, specialized fire fighting operations conducted at a distance from incidents involving very high
levels of radiant, convective and contact heat, such as bulk flammable gas and bulk flammable liquid fires
[SOURCE: ISO/TR 11610:2004, 3.11]
3.13
arch
bottom curved portion of the foot, extending from the heel to the ball
3.14
assemblage
permanent fastening between two or more different garments, or between the protective clothing and
accessories obtained for example by sewing, welding, vulcanising, gluing
[SOURCE: ISO/TR 11610:2004, 3.17]
3.15
attached components
components such as but not limited to gloves and boots that can be either temporarily or permanently
joined or fastened, either by design or by a procedure described by the manufacturer in the user
instructions, to the chemical protective suit to create a chemical protective ensemble
3.16
basic plane of the head or headform
plane at the level of the opening of the external auditory meatus and the lower edge of the eye sockets
[SOURCE: ISO 11999-1:2015, 3.2]
3.17
basic shape
outer shape which the helmet would have if it had neither comb nor brim nor any of the fairings or radii
associated with these
[SOURCE: ISO 11999-1:2015, 3.4]
3.18
behind-the-head earmuff
earmuff designed to be worn with the headband passing behind the head
[SOURCE: ISO 16073:2011, 3.2]
3.19
behind-the-head headband ear-plugs
ear-plugs designed to be worn with the headband passing behind the head
[SOURCE: ISO 16073:2011, 3.1]
3.20
biological agents
biological materials that are capable of causing an acute disease or long term damage to the human body
3.21
biological terrorism agents
liquid or particulate agents that consist of a biologically derived toxin or pathogen used to inflict lethal
or incapacitating casualties, generally on a civilian population as a result of a terrorist attack
3.22
body fluid-borne pathogen
infectious micro-organisms, including bacteria or viruses, carried in human, animal, or clinical body
fluids, organs, or tissues
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ISO/TR 19591:2018(E)
3.23
body fluids
natural fluids or secretions that are produced by the body including, but not limited to, blood, semen,
mucus, faeces, urine, vaginal secretions, breast milk, amniotic fluid, cerebrospinal fluid, synovial fluid,
and pericardial fluid
3.24
bootee
sock like extension of the chemical protective suit
Note 1 to entry: The bootee may or may not be made of the same material used in the construction of the chemical
protective suit.
3.25
breakthrough time
elapsed time between the initial application of a test chemical to
the appropriate surface of a material and its subsequent presence on the other side of the material,
measured as described in the relevant standard
[SOURCE: ISO/TR 11610:2004, 3.26]
3.26
brim
ridge protruding outwards from the basic shape of the helmet shell forming the lower edge of the shell
and including its associated fairings and radii
[SOURCE: ISO 11999-1:2015, 3.5]
3.27
brim line
horizontal plane with a reference point at the intersection of the front opening of the helmet and the
mid-sagittal plane
3.28
burn injury
burn damage which occurs at various levels of depth with human tissues
Note 1 to entry: Burn injury in human tissue occurs when the tissue is heated and kept at an elevated temperature
for a critical period of time. The amount of burn injury, first, second, or third-degree depends upon the level of
the elevated temperature and the duration of time.
[SOURCE: ISO/TR 11610:2004, 3.34]
3.29
bust girth
maximum horizontal girth measured during normal breathing with the subject standing upright
and the tape-measure passed over the scapulae under the armpits and across the breasts: normal
underclothing to be worn
[SOURCE: ISO/TR 11610:2004, 3.35]
3.30
care
processes and procedures for cleaning, decontamination, and storage of protective clothing and
equipment
3.31
cellular outsole
cellular outsole having a density of 0,9 g/ml or less with a cell structure visible under 10x magnification
[SOURCE: ISO 11999-1:2015, 3.6]
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ISO/TR 19591:2018(E)
3.32
central vertical axis
line relative to the headform that lies in the plane of symmetry, that is normal to the basic plane at a
point equidistant from the front and the back of the headform at the level of the reference plane
[SOURCE: ISO 11999-1:2015, 3.7]
3.33
challenge chemical
test chemical
chemical used to contact a protective clothing material sample to determine chemical/protective
clothing material interactions or compatibility
[SOURCE: ISO/TR 11610:2004, 3.39]
3.34
char
formation of a carbonaceous brittle residue when material is exposed to thermal energy
[SOURCE: ISO 15025:2000, 2.5, modified — added carbonaceous.]
3.35
chemical flash fire
ignition of a flammable vapour or gas that produces an outward expanding flame front, as those
vapours or gases burn
Note 1 to entry: This burning and expanding flame front (fire ball) will release both thermal and kinetic energy
to the environment.
3.36
chemical protection layer
layer or layers included in the composite that provide penetration resistance against chemicals and to
provide gas-tight integrity for the purpose of providing protection from chemical hazards
3.37
chemical protective clothing
combined assembly of garments worn to provide protection to the skin against exposure to or contact
with chemicals
[SOURCE: ISO/TR 11610:2004, 3.40]
3.38
chemical protective clothing material
any material or combination of materials used in an item of protective clothing for the purpose of
isolating parts of the body from direct contact with a chemical
[SOURCE: ISO/TR 11610:2004, 3.41]
3.39
chemical protective suit
clothing worn to protect against chemicals that covers the whole, or greater part of the body
Note 1 to entry: A chemical protective suit may comprise of garments combined together to provide protection
to the body. A suit may also have various types of additional protection such as hood or helmet, boots and gloves
joined with it.
[SOURCE: ISO/TR 11610:2004, 3.42, modified — The two last sentences have been moved into a Note
to entry.]
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ISO/TR 19591:2018(E)
3.40
chemical protective suit ensemble
combination of a chemical protective suit with the wearer's respiratory protective equipment, gloves,
footwear, communications system, and cooling device, or some combination of those
[SOURCE: ISO/TR 11610:2004, 3.43]
3.41
chemical terrorism agents
liquid, solid, gaseous and vapour chemicals capable of inflicting lethal or incapacitating casualties,
generally on a civilian population as a result of a terrorist attack
3.42
chest girth
maximum horizontal girth measured during normal breathing with the subject standing upright and
the tape-measure passed over the scapulae under the armpits and across the chest
[SOURCE: ISO/TR 11610:2004, 3.44]
3.43
chinstrap
adjustment device, being part of the retention system, fitting under the chin to secure the helmet to
the head
[SOURCE: AS/NZS 2512.1:2009, 3.6]
3.44
class
designation of a protective item in this standard based upon its level of flame and thermal protection,
for example Class 1 and Class 2
Note 1 to entry: All items of the same “class” will have the same level of performance in flame and thermal
protection and can be used together to make a protective ensemble.
3.45
cleaning
act of removing soils and contaminants from protective clothing and equipment by a mechanical,
chemical, thermal, or combined processes
3.46
cleaning cycle
washing and a drying cycle or a dry cleaning cycle
[SOURCE: ISO 11999-1:2015, 3.10]
3.47
cleat
protruding part(s) of the outer surface of the sole
[SOURCE: ISO 20345:2011, 3.8]
3.48
closure
device, for example, zipper, “touch and close” fastener, etc., to close openings for the donning of
protective clothing
[SOURCE: ISO/TR 11610:2004, 3.47]
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ISO/TR 19591:2018(E)
3.49
closure system
method of fastening openings in the garment including combinations of more than one method of
achieving a secure closure, e.g. a slide fastener covered by an over flap fastened down with a touch and
close fastener
Note 1 to entry: This term does not cover seams.
[SOURCE: ISO/TR 11610:2004, 3.48]
3.50
clothing assembly
garments designed to always be worn together
Note 1 to entry: If several garments are used to achieve the performance levels, they are clearly labelled to
this effect.
[SOURCE: ISO 16073:2011, 3.7]
3.51
clothing ensemble
group of garments worn together on the body at the same time
[SOURCE: ISO/TR 11610:2004, 3.49]
3.52
cold environment
specific conditions characterized by the combination of defined low temperatures, humidity, wind and
thermal radiation
[SOURCE: ISO/TR 11610:2004, 3.51]
3.53
collar
portion of the upper torso garment that encircles the neck
3.54
collar length
measurement along top of collar from point-to-point
3.55
collar lining
part of collar fabric composite that is next to the skin when the collar is closed in the raised position
[SOURCE: ISO 11999-1:2015, 3.12]
3.56
collar width
measurement at centre back from top edge of unfolded collar to the bottom collar seam
3.57
combined-performance material
material intended to exhibit both background fluorescent and
retroreflective properties
[SOURCE: ISO/TR 11610:2004, 3.53]
3.58
comfort system
material in a helmet which serves to improve comfort for the wearer
[SOURCE: ISO 11999-1:2015, 3.14]
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ISO/TR 19591:2018(E)
3.59
complete garment assembly
all materials that form the complete garment
[SOURCE: EN 469:2005, 3.3]
3.60
compliance
compliant
meeting or exceeding all applicable requirements of a standard or other published set of requirements
3.61
component
part or sub-assembly of a protective item necessary for it to meet its respective requirements
3.62
component assembly
material combination found in a multilayer garment arranged in the order of the finished garment
construction and including any inner liner
[SOURCE: ISO/TR 11610:2004, 3.54]
3.63
conductive footwear
footwear whose resistance, when measured, lies in the range of 0 kΩ to 100 kΩ
Note 1 to entry: The resistance is measured according to ISO 20344: 2004, 5.10.
[SOURCE: ISO 20345:2011, 3.14, modified — text added “whose resistance, when measured, lies”]
3.64
contact temperature
surface temperature of the contact area of the heating cylinder which is kept constant
[SOURCE: ISO/TR 11610:2004, 3.56]
3.65
coronal plane
anatomical plane dividing the head into anterior and posterior portions, perpendicular to the basic and
mid sagittal planes and containing the midpoint of a line connecting the superior rims of the right and
left auditory meatuses
3.66
corrosion
condition exhibiting signs of deterioration, including but not limited to pitting or loss of metal
3.67
coverage
area of the body which is covered by the whole of the protective equipment and its attachments
[SOURCE: ISO/TR 11610:2004, 3.59]
3.68
coverall
overall
one-piece garment that completely covers the wearer's torso, arms and legs
[SOURCE: ISO 16073:2011, 3.9]
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3.69
cradle
fixed or adjustable portion of the parts of the helmet harness in contact with the head, excluding the
nape strap
[SOURCE: AS/NZS 2512.1:2009, 3.13 (a)]
3.70
crown
portion of the helmet that covers the head above the reference plane
[SOURCE: AS/NZS 2512.1:2009, 3.9]
3.71
crown straps
part of the helmet suspension that passes over the head
3.72
cuff circumference
measurement of torso garment cuff along end of opening from folded edge to folded edge, and multiplied
by two to obtain circumference
3.73
cup
hollow component which is mounted on the headband of a hearing protector and to which a cushion
and a liner are usually fitted
[SOURCE: ISO 16073:2011, 3.12]
3.74
cushion
deformable component, usually containing a foam plastic or fluid filling, fitted to the rim of the cup to
improve the comfort and fit of the earmuffs on the head
[SOURCE: ISO 16073:2011, 3.13]
3.75
cushioning (harness)
material to improve wearer comfort but which is not intended to perform the function of protective
padding
[SOURCE: AS/NZS 2512.1:2009, 3.13]
3.76
decontamination
act of removing hazardous materials, body fluids, or CBRN agents from protective clothing and
equipment by a physical, chemical, or combined process
3.77
degradation
deleterious change in one or more mechanical properties of a material due to contact with a chemical
[SOURCE: ISO/TR 11610:2004, 3.65]
3.78
dexterity
manipulative ability to perform a task
Note 1 to entry: Reduced dexterity is related to the thickness of glove material, its elasticity and its deformability
amongst other things
[SOURCE: ISO/TR 11610:2004, 3.67]
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3.79
dielectric test plane
plane that runs diagonally through the test headform that lies from the intersection of the test line and
mid sagittal plane in the front to the intersection of the reference plane and mid sagittal plane in the rear
3.80
digit
one of the terminal divisions of the hand
Note 1 to entry: These are numbered from the thumb to the little finger, and the numbers are used to denote the
appropriate digits.
[SOURCE: ISO/TR 11610:2004, 3.68, modified — Note to entry was added.]
3.81
disinfectant
agent that destroys, neutralizes, or inhibits the growth of vegetative forms of harmful microorganisms
(as bacteria and fungi)
3.82
drag rescue device
device incorporated into the upper torso garment that allows the incapacitated wearer to be moved by
dragging
Note 1 to entry: It is not a lifting device.
[SOURCE: ISO 11999-1:2015, 3.19]
3.83
drip
to run or fall in drops
[SOURCE: ISO 11999-1:2015, 3.20]
3.84
dripping
softening with material movement and consequent detachment
[SOURCE: ISO 11999-1:2015, 3.21]
3.85
dry suit
a garment that stops the entry of significant quantities of water upon immersion
[SOURCE: ISO/TR 11610:2004, 3.71]
3.86
dual-use industrial chemicals
highly toxic industrial chemicals that have been identified as mass casualty threats that could be used
as weapons of terrorism to inflict casualties, generally on a civilian population, during a terrorist attack
Note 1 to entry: Dual-use industrial chemicals can be liquid, solid, or gaseous agents.
3.87
ear covers
ear flaps
portion of the protective helmet that provides limited protection to the helmet/coat interface area
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3.88
earmuff
hearing protector consisting of a cup to be pressed against each pinna or of a circumaural cup to be
pressed against the head around each pinna
Note 1 to entry: The cups can be pressed against the head with a headband or by means of a device attached to a
helmet or other equipment.
[SOURCE: ISO 16073:2011, 3.17]
3.89
(earmuff) liner
acoustically absorptive material contained within the cup, intended to increase the attenuation of the
earmuffs at certain frequencies
3.90
earplug
hearing protector worn within each of the external ear canals (aural) or in the concha, against the
entrance to each of the external ear canals (semi-aural)
[SOURCE: ISO 16073:2011, 3.18]
3.91
ease
sizing and tolerance of garments that allow good fit and does not inhibit natural body movements or the
performance of job related tasks
3.92
electrically insulating footwear
footwear which protects the wearer against electrical shocks by preventing the passage of dangerous
current through the body via the feet
[SOURCE: ISO 20345:2011, 3.16]
3.93
emergency response team
firefighters and other first responders that are trained and equipped to respond to incidents involving
the accidental release of hazardous materials
3.94
energy absorption system
helmet material and/or suspension system which serves to dampen impact energy
[SOURCE: ISO 11999-1:2015, 3.23]
3.95
ensemble
combination or assembly of multiple items that are individually compliant with a standard that provide
protection to the head, upper torso including arms and hands and the lower torso including feet
[SOURCE: ISO 11999-1:2015, 3.24, modified — original text is “material and/or system in a helmet
which serves to dampen impact energy”.]
3.96
entry firefighting
very specialized fire fighting operations, which may include the activities of rescue and fire suppression
at incidents involving very high levels of radiant, convective and contact heat, such as aircraft fires, bulk
flammable gas and bulk flammable liquid fires, and which may involve voluntary direct entry into flames
[SOURCE: ISO/TR 11610:2004, 3.74]
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ISO/TR 19591:2018(E)
3.97
exhaust valve
component of a chemical protective suit that prevents over pressurization of the suit
3.98
exterior fabric
outer fabric of a suit, either in the form of a single or composite fabric
[SOURCE: ISO/TR 11610:2004, 3.75]
3.99
exterior pockets
pockets located on the exterior of the protective garment
[SOURCE: ISO 11999-1:2015, 3.25]
3.100
faceshield
form of face and eye protection that can be placed in front of the eyes and that covers a large part of the
face, sometimes a part or accessory to a helmet
[SOURCE: ISO 11999-1:2015, 3.26]
3.101
facial opening
opening in front of the fire hood interfacing with the eye protectors/respiratory protective device
facemask
[SOURCE: ISO 11999-1:2015, 3.27]
3.102
fastener
means by which a removable strap or belt is attached to the fastening point on the garment
[SOURCE: ISO/TR 11610:2004, 3.78]
3.103
fighting fires occurring in structures
activities of rescue, fire suppression and property conservation in buildings, enclosed structures,
vehicles, marine vessels, or like properties that are involved in a fire or emergency situation
[SOURCE: ISO 11999-1:2015, 3.28]
3.104
fire-fighters protective clothing
...
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