ISO 18497-1

Agricultural machinery and tractors — Safety of partially automated, semi-autonomous and autonomous machinery — Part 1: Machine design principles and vocabulary

Tracteurs et matériels agricoles — Sécurité des machines partiellement automatisées, semi-autonomes et autonomes — Partie 1: Principes de conception des machines et vocabulaire

General Information

• Status: Not Published
• ICS: 01.040.65 - Agriculture (Vocabularies)
• ICS: 65.060.01 - Agricultural machines and equipment in general
• Technical Committee: ISO/TC 23/SC 19 - Agricultural electronics
• Drafting Committee: ISO/TC 23/SC 19/WG 8 - Safety and security
• Current Stage: 6000 - International Standard under publication
• Completion Date: 21-Jun-2024

Relations

• Consolidates: ISO 10770-3:2020 - Hydraulic fluid power — Electrically modulated hydraulic control valves — Part 3: Test methods for pressure control valves
• Effective Date: 06-Jun-2022
• Revises: ISO 18497:2018 - Agricultural machinery and tractors — Safety of highly automated agricultural machines — Principles for design
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-2022

Standards Content (Sample)

FINAL DRAFT
International
Standard
ISO/FDIS 18497-1
ISO/TC 23/SC 19
Agricultural machinery and
Secretariat: DIN
tractors — Safety of partially
Voting begins on:
automated, semi-autonomous and
2024-04-25
autonomous machinery —
Voting terminates on:
2024-06-20
Part 1:
Machine design principles and
vocabulary
Tracteurs et matériels agricoles — Sécurité des machines
partiellement automatisées, semi-autonomes et autonomes —
Partie 1: Principes de conception des machines et vocabulaire
RECIPIENTS OF THIS DRAFT ARE INVITED TO SUBMIT,
WITH THEIR COMMENTS, NOTIFICATION OF ANY
RELEVANT PATENT RIGHTS OF WHICH THEY ARE AWARE
AND TO PROVIDE SUPPOR TING DOCUMENTATION.
IN ADDITION TO THEIR EVALUATION AS
BEING ACCEPTABLE FOR INDUSTRIAL, TECHNO-
ISO/CEN PARALLEL PROCESSING LOGICAL, COMMERCIAL AND USER PURPOSES, DRAFT
INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS MAY ON OCCASION HAVE
TO BE CONSIDERED IN THE LIGHT OF THEIR POTENTIAL
TO BECOME STAN DARDS TO WHICH REFERENCE MAY BE
MADE IN NATIONAL REGULATIONS.
Reference number
ISO/FDIS 18497-1:2024(en) © ISO 2024

FINAL DRAFT
ISO/FDIS 18497-1:2024(en)
International
Standard
ISO/FDIS 18497-1
ISO/TC 23/SC 19
Agricultural machinery and
Secretariat: DIN
tractors — Safety of partially
Voting begins on:
automated, semi-autonomous and
204-04-25
autonomous machinery —
Voting terminates on:
Part 1:
2024-06-20
Machine design principles and
vocabulary
Tracteurs et matériels agricoles — Sécurité des machines
partiellement automatisées, semi-autonomes et autonomes —
Partie 1: Principes de conception des machines et vocabulaire
RECIPIENTS OF THIS DRAFT ARE INVITED TO SUBMIT,
WITH THEIR COMMENTS, NOTIFICATION OF ANY
RELEVANT PATENT RIGHTS OF WHICH THEY ARE AWARE
AND TO PROVIDE SUPPOR TING DOCUMENTATION.
© ISO 2024
IN ADDITION TO THEIR EVALUATION AS
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
BEING ACCEPTABLE FOR INDUSTRIAL, TECHNO-
ISO/CEN PARALLEL PROCESSING
LOGICAL, COMMERCIAL AND USER PURPOSES, DRAFT
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on
INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS MAY ON OCCASION HAVE
the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below
TO BE CONSIDERED IN THE LIGHT OF THEIR POTENTIAL
or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
TO BECOME STAN DARDS TO WHICH REFERENCE MAY BE
MADE IN NATIONAL REGULATIONS.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: [phone]
Email: [e-mail]
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland Reference number
ISO/FDIS 18497-1:2024(en) © ISO 2024

ii
ISO/FDIS 18497-1:2024(en)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 2
4 Safety requirements and protective or risk reduction measures . 8
4.1 General .8
4.2 Design principles .8
4.2.1 General .8
4.2.2 Operator presence . .8
4.2.3 Start-up .9
4.2.4 States, modes and actions .9
4.2.5 Visual indication .10
4.2.6 Audible indication .10
4.2.7 Obstacle protective system . .11
4.2.8 Operating zone (semi-autonomous and autonomous) .11
4.2.9 Monitoring .11
4.2.10 Faults and failures . 12
4.3 Visual and audible alarms . 13
4.3.1 General . 13
4.3.2 Visual alarm (semi-autonomous and autonomous) . 13
4.3.3 Audible alarm (semi-autonomous and autonomous) . 15
4.4 Labelling and identification . 15
4.5 Information for use . 15
Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the essential
requirements of Directive 2006/42/EC aimed to be covered . 17
Bibliography .22

iii
ISO/FDIS 18497-1:2024(en)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through
ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee
has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations,
governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely
with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described
in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the different types
of ISO document should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the
ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
ISO draws attention to the possibility that the implementation of this document may involve the use of (a)
patent(s). ISO takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of any claimed patent
rights in respect thereof. As of the date of publication of this document, ISO had not received notice of (a)
patent(s) which may be required to implement this document. However, implementers are cautioned that
this may not represent the latest information, which may be obtained from the patent database available at
www.iso.org/patents. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions
related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the World Trade
Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 23, Tractors and machinery for agriculture and
forestry, Subcommittee SC 19, Agricultural electronics, in collaboration with the European Committee for
Standardization (CEN) Technical Committee CEN/TC 144, Tractors and machinery for agriculture and forestry,
in accordance with the Agreement on technical cooperation between ISO and CEN (Vienna Agreement).
This first edition of ISO 18497-1, together with ISO 18497-2, ISO 18497-3 and ISO 18497-4, cancels and
replaces ISO 18497:2018, which has been technically revised.
The main changes are as follows:
— machine design principles and vocabulary were made as its own part (i.e. ISO 18497-1) and substantially
revised to account for the wide range of functionality and use cases within agricultural machines and
tractors.
A list of all parts in the ISO 18497 series can be found on the ISO website.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.

iv
ISO/FDIS 18497-1:2024(en)
Introduction
This document is a type-B1 standard as stated in ISO 12100:2010.
This document is of relevance, in particular, for the following stakeholder groups representing the market
players with regard to machinery safety:
— machine manufacturers (small, medium and large enterprises);
— health and safety bodies (regulators, accident prevention organisations, market surveillance, etc.).
Others can be affected by the level of machinery safety achieved with the means of the document by the
above-mentioned stakeholder groups:
— machine users/employers (small, medium and large enterprises);
— machine users/employees (e.g. trade unions, organizations for people with special needs);
— service providers, e.g. for maintenance (small, medium and large enterprises);
— consumers (in case of machinery intended for use by consumers).
The above-mentioned stakeholder groups have been given the possibility to participate at the drafting
process of this document.
In addition, this document is intended for standardization bodies elaborating type-C standards.
The requirements of this document can be supplemented or modified by a type-C standard.
For machines which are covered by the scope of a type-C standard and which have been designed and built
according to the requirements of that standard, the requirements of that type-C standard take precedence.
The structure of safety standards in the field of machinery is as follows:
— Type-A standards (basis standards) give basic concepts, principles for design, and general aspects that
can be applied to machinery;
— Type-B standards (generic safety standards) deal with one or more safety aspects or one or more types
of safeguards that can be used across a wide range of machinery:
— Type-B1 standards on particular safety aspects (e.g. safety distances, surface temperature, noise);
— Type-B2 standards on safeguards (e.g. two-hands controls, interlocking devices, pressure sensitive
devices, guards);
— Type-C standards (machinery safety standards) deal with detailed safety requirements for a particular
machine or group of machines.
The purpose of the ISO 18497 series is to establish general design principles for partially automated, semi-
autonomous and autonomous (see Clause 3) functions of agricultural machinery and tractors.
Manual non-automated functions are addressed in existing agricultural machinery and tractor safety
standards. Due to the potential number of different functions of agricultural machinery and tractors and
the mixed type and mode to which these functions can exist, it is necessary to establish general design
principles. In this way, the combination, operator location, and types of interaction of these functions can
be guided so that further type-C safety standards can be developed consistently and explicitly to address
the mitigation of risk of injury to operators and bystanders. This is the primary focus of safety standards.
Attempting to specify risk mitigation requirements based on combinations of type and mode of functions
alone cannot be accomplished accurately for all agricultural machinery and tractors due to the wide variety
of the machinery and variety of functionality.
[1]
Therefore, the familiar representation of SAE J3016 with six levels of au
...

Style Definition
ISO /FDIS 18497-1:2022(E) .
Formatted: Font: Bold, French (Switzerland)
ISO /TC 23/SC 19/WG 8
Formatted: Right: 1.5 cm, Bottom: 1 cm, Gutter: 0 cm,
Section start: New page, Header distance from edge:
Date: 2021-12-18
1.27 cm, Footer distance from edge: 1.27 cm
Secretariat: DIN Formatted
...
Formatted: zzCover large
Date: 2024-03-13
Formatted
...
Formatted: Cover Title_A1
Agricultural machinery and tractors — Safety of partially automated,
semi-autonomous and autonomous machinery — Part 1: Machine
design principles and vocabulary —
Part 1:
Machine design principles and vocabulary
Tracteurs et matériels agricoles — Sécurité des machines partiellement automatisées, semi-autonomes et
autonomes —
Partie 1: Principes de conception des machines et vocabulaire
FDIS stage
Public
ISO/DIS FDIS 18497--1:2022(E2024(en) Formatted: Font: 11 pt, Bold
Formatted: Font: 11 pt
Formatted: HeaderCentered, Space After: 0 pt, Line
spacing: single
Formatted: Font: 11 pt
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication
may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, Formatted: Font: 11 pt
or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO
Formatted: Default Paragraph Font
at the address below or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
Formatted: No page break before, Adjust space
between Latin and Asian text, Adjust space between
ISO copyright office
Asian text and numbers
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Formatted: Adjust space between Latin and Asian text,
Phone: + 41 22 749 01 11
Adjust space between Asian text and numbers
EmailE-mail: [e-mail]
Formatted: French (Switzerland)
Website: www.iso.orgwww.iso.org
Formatted: French (Switzerland)
Published in Switzerland
Formatted: French (Switzerland)
Formatted: English (United Kingdom)
Formatted: English (United Kingdom)
Formatted: FooterPageRomanNumber
ii © ISO 2022 – All rights reserved
ii
ISO/DIS FDIS 18497--1:2022(E2024(en) Formatted: Font: 11 pt, Bold
Formatted: HeaderCentered, Left, Space After: 0 pt,
Line spacing: single
Contents
Formatted: Font: 11 pt
Formatted: Font: 11 pt
Foreword . v
Formatted: Font: 11 pt
Introduction . vi
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 3
4 Safety requirements and protective or risk reduction measures . 10
4.1 General . 10
4.2 Design principles. 11
4.2.1 General . 11
4.2.2 Operator presence . 11
4.2.3 Start-up . 11
4.2.4 States, modes and actions . 12
4.2.5 Visual indication . 13
4.2.6 Audible indication . 13
4.2.7 Obstacle protective system . 14
4.2.8 Operating zone (semi-autonomous and autonomous). 14
4.2.9 Monitoring . 14
4.2.10 Faults and failures . 15
4.3 Visual and audible alarms . 16
4.3.1 General . 16
4.3.2 Visual alarm (semi-autonomous and autonomous) . 16
4.3.3 Audible alarm (semi-autonomous and autonomous) . 18
4.4 Labelling and identification . 19
4.5 Information for use . 19
Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the essential requirements
of Directive 2006/42/EC aimed to be covered . 21
Bibliography . 28

Foreword v
Introduction vii
1 Scope 1
2 Normative references 1
3 Terms and definitions 2
4 Safety requirements and protective or risk reduction measures 8
4.1 General 8
Formatted: FooterPageRomanNumber
iii
ISO/DIS FDIS 18497--1:2022(E2024(en) Formatted: Font: 11 pt, Bold
Formatted: Font: 11 pt
Formatted: HeaderCentered, Space After: 0 pt, Line
4.2 Design principles 9
spacing: single
4.2.1 Operator Presence 9
Formatted: Font: 11 pt
4.2.2 Start-up 9
Formatted: Font: 11 pt
4.2.3 States, Modes and Actions 10
4.2.4 Visual Indication 11
4.2.5 Audible Indication 11
4.2.6 Obstacles 12
4.2.7 Operating Zone 12
4.2.8 Monitoring 13
4.2.9 Faults and Failures 13
4.3 Visual and audible alarms 14
4.3.1 Visual alarm 14
4.3.2 Audible alarm 16
4.4 Labelling and Identification 16
4.5 Information for use 17
Formatted: FooterPageRomanNumber
iv © ISO 2022 – All rights reserved
iv
ISO/DIS FDIS 18497--1:2022(E2024(en) Formatted: Font: 11 pt, Bold
Formatted: HeaderCentered, Left, Space After: 0 pt,
Line spacing: single
Foreword
Formatted: Font: 11 pt
Formatted: Font: 11 pt
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
Formatted: Font: 11 pt
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through
ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described
in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the different types of
ISO documentsdocument should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules
of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
Field Code Changed
Attention is drawnISO draws attention to the possibility that some of the elementsimplementation of this
document may beinvolve the subjectuse of (a) patent(s). ISO takes no position concerning the evidence,
validity or applicability of any claimed patent rights. in respect thereof. As of the date of publication of this
document, ISO had not received notice of (a) patent(s) which may be required to implement this document.
However, implementers are cautioned that this may not represent the latest information, which may be
obtained from the patent database available at www.iso.org/patents. ISO shall not be held responsible for
identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the
document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see
www.iso.org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions
related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the World Trade
Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see
www.iso.org/iso/foreword.htmlwww.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 23, Tractors and machinery for agriculture and
forestry, Subcommittee SC 19, Agricultural electronics, in collaboration with the European Committee for
Standardization (CEN) Technical Committee CEN/TC 144, Tractors and machinery for agriculture and forestry,
in accordance with the Agreement on technical cooperation between ISO and CEN (Vienna Agreement).
This first edition of ISO/FDIS 18497-1:2023, together with ISO/FDIS 18497-2:2023, ISO/FDIS 18497-3:2023
and ISO/FDIS 18497-4:2023, cancels and replaces ISO 18497:2018, which has been technically revised.
The main changes are as follows:
— — machine design principles and vocabulary were made as its own part (i.e. ISO 18497-1) and
substantially revised to account for the wide range of functionality and use cases within agricultural
machines and tractors.
A list of all parts in the ISO 18497 series can be found on the ISO website.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.
Field Code Changed
Formatted: FooterPageRomanNumber
v
ISO/DIS FDIS 18497--1:2022(E2024(en) Formatted: Font: 11 pt, Bold
Formatted: Font: 11 pt
Formatted: HeaderCentered, Space After: 0 pt, Line
Introduction
spacing: single
Formatted: Font: 11 pt
This document is a type-B1 standard as stated in ISO 12100:2010.
Formatted: Font: 11 pt
This document is of relevance, in particular, for the following stakeholder groups representing the market
players with regard to machinery safety:
— — machine manufacturers (small, medium and large enterprises);
— — health and safety bodies (regulators, accident prevention organisations, market surveillance, etc.).
Others can be affected by the level of machinery safety achieved with the means of the document by the above-
mentioned stakeholder groups:
— — machine users/employers (small, medium and large enterprises);
— — machine users/employees (e.g. trade unions, organizations for people with special needs);
— — service providers, e.g. for maintenance (small, medium and large enterprises);
— — consumers (in case of machinery intended for use by consumers).
The above-mentioned stakeholder groups have been given the possibility to participate at the drafting process
of this document.
In addition, this document is intended for standardization bodies elaborating type-C standards.
The requirements of this document can be supplemented or modified by a type-C standard.
For machines which are covered by the scope of a type-C standard and which have been designed and built
according to the requirements of that standard, the requirements of that type-C standard take precedence.
The structure of safety standards in the field of machinery is as follows:
— — Type-A standards (basis standards) give basic concepts, principles for design, and general aspects that
can be applied to machinery;
— — Type-B standards (generic safety standards) deal with one or more safety aspects or one or more types
of safeguards that can be used across a wide range of machinery:
— — Type-B1 standards on particular safety aspects (e.g. safety distances, surface temperature,
noise);
— — Type-B2 standards on safeguards (e.g. two-hands controls, interlocking devices, pressure
sensitive devices, guards);
— — Type-C standards (machinery safety standards) deal with detailed safety requirements for a particular
machine or group of machines.
The purpose of the ISO 18497 series is to establish general design principles for partially automated, semi-
autonomous and autonomous (see clause 3 of ISO/FDIS 18497-1:2023)Clause 3) functions of agricultural
machinery and tractors.
Formatted: FooterPageRomanNumber
vi © ISO 2022 – All rights reserved
vi
ISO/DIS FDIS 18497--1:2022(E2024(en) Formatted: Font: 11 pt, Bold
Formatted: HeaderCentered, Left, Space After: 0 pt,
Line spacing: single
Manual non-automated functions are addressed in existing agricultural machinery and tractor safety
Formatted: Font: 11 pt
standards. Due to the potential number of different f
...