ISO 15031-4:2014

Road vehicles — Communication between vehicle and external equipment for emissions-related diagnostics — Part 4: External test equipment

ISO 15031-4:2014 specifies a set of standard diagnostic services to be provided by vehicles (OBD services). ISO 15031-4:2014 specifies a complementary set of facilities, to be provided by external test equipment, which will include scan tool facilities. These facilities provide complete, efficient, and safe access to all of the public OBD (on-board diagnosis) services on any vehicle, which is compliant with ISO 15031-4:2014. ISO 15031-4:2014 specifies - a means of establishing communications between an OBD-equipped vehicle and external test equipment, and - a set of diagnostic services to be provided by the external test equipment in order to exercise the services defined in ISO 15031‑5. ISO 15031-4:2014 does not preclude the inclusion of additional capabilities or functions in external test equipment. However, it is the responsibility of the external test equipment designer to ensure that no such capability or function can adversely affect either an OBD-equipped vehicle, which may be connected to the external test equipment or the external test equipment itself.

Véhicules routiers — Communications entre un véhicule et un équipement externe pour le diagnostic relatif aux émissions — Partie 4: Équipement d'essai externe

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 04-Feb-2014
• ICS: 13.040.50 - Transport exhaust emissions
• ICS: 43.180 - Diagnostic, maintenance and test equipment
• Technical Committee: ISO/TC 22/SC 31 - Data communication
• Drafting Committee: ISO/TC 22/SC 31/WG 2 - Vehicle diagnostic protocols
• Current Stage: 9020 - International Standard under periodical review
• Start Date: 15-Oct-2024
• Completion Date: 15-Oct-2024

Relations

• Revises: ISO 15031-4:2005 - Road vehicles — Communication between vehicle and external equipment for emissions-related diagnostics — Part 4: External test equipment
• Effective Date: 22-Aug-2009

Standards Content (Sample)

INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 15031-4
Second edition
2014-02-15
Road vehicles — Communication
between vehicle and external
equipment for emissions-related
diagnostics —
Part 4:
External test equipment
Véhicules routiers — Communications entre un véhicule et un
équipement externe pour le diagnostic relatif aux émissions —
Partie 4: Équipement d’essai externe
Reference number
©
ISO 2014
© ISO 2014
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form
or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior
written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISO’s member body in the country of
the requester.
ISO copyright office
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Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2014 – All rights reserved

Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms, definitions, symbols, and abbreviated terms . 2
3.1 Terms and definitions . 2
3.2 Abbreviated terms . 2
3.3 Symbols . 3
4 Conventions . 3
5 Document overview. 3
6 Required functions of the external test equipment . 5
7 Communication protocols . 5
8 Connections to the vehicle . 5
9 Network access . 6
9.1 Automatic determination of communication interface. 6
9.2 Multiple tester communication . 7
9.3 Handling of no response from the vehicle . 8
9.4 Handling of multiple responses from the vehicle . 8
9.5 Message structure . 9
9.6 Diagnostic trouble codes monitoring . 9
9.7 Obtaining and displaying OBD emissions-related current data, freeze frame data, and test
parameters and results . 9
9.8 Code clearing .10
9.9 On-board diagnostic evaluations.10
9.10 Use of StopCommunication service associated with ISO 14230-4 (optional).10
10 User interface .10
10.1 Display .10
10.2 User input .11
11 Power requirements .11
11.1 Vehicle battery voltage support .11
11.2 Vehicle battery current consumption .12
12 Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) .12
13 Conformance testing .12
Annex A (informative) Recommended external test equipment common user interface displays .13
Annex B (normative) Initialization and identification of ISO 14230‑4/ISO 9141‑2 protocols .26
Bibliography .31
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. www.iso.org/directives
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received. www.iso.org/patents
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
The committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 22, Road vehicles, Subcommittee SC 3, Electric
and electronic equipment.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 15031-4:2005), which has been technically
revised.
ISO 15031 consists of the following parts, under the general title Road vehicles — Communication between
vehicle and external test equipment for emissions-related diagnostics:
— Part 1: General information and use case definition
— Part 2: Guidance on terms, definitions, abbreviations and acronyms
— Part 3: Diagnostic connector and related electrical circuits, specification and use
— Part 4: External test equipment
— Part 5: Emissions-related diagnostic services
— Part 6: Diagnostic trouble code definitions
— Part 7: Data link security
iv © ISO 2014 – All rights reserved

Introduction
0.1 Overview
This International Standard consists of a number of parts which, taken together, provide a coherent
self-consistent set of specifications to facilitate emissions-related diagnostics. ISO 15031-1 provides an
introduction to the series of International Standards. ISO 15031-2 to ISO 15031-7 are based on Society
of Automative Engineers (SAE) recommended practices. This part of ISO 15031 is based on SAE J1978.
This International Standard includes the communication between the vehicle’s On-Board Diagnostics
(OBD) systems and test equipment implemented across vehicles within the scope of the legislated
emissions-related OBD.
To achieve this, it is based on the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) Basic Reference Model in
accordance with ISO/IEC 7498-1 and ISO/IEC 10731, which structures communication systems into
seven layers. When mapped on this model, the services specified by this International Standard are
broken into the following:
— Diagnostic services (layer 7), specified in:
— ISO 15031-5 (emissions-related OBD);
— Presentation layer (layer 6), specified in:
[4]
— ISO 15031-2, SAE J1930-DA;
[8]
— ISO 15031-5, SAE J1979-DA;
[10]
— ISO 15031-6, SAE J2012-DA (OBD);
— Session layer services (layer 5), specified in:
— ISO 14229-2 supports ISO 15765-4 DoCAN and ISO 14230-4 DoK-Line protocols;
— ISO 14229-2 is not applicable to the SAE J1850 and ISO 9141-2 protocols;
— Transport layer services (layer 4), specified in:
— DoCAN: ISO 15765-2 Transport protocol and network layer services;
— SAE J1850: ISO 15031-5 Emissions-related diagnostic services;
— ISO 9141-2: ISO 15031-5 Emissions-related diagnostic services;
— DoK-Line: ISO 14230-4, ISO 15031-5 Emissions-related diagnostic services;
— Network layer services (layer 3), specified in:
— DoCAN: ISO 15765-2 Transport protocol and network layer services;
— SAE J1850: ISO 15031-5 Emissions-related diagnostic services;
— ISO 9141-2: ISO 15031-5 Emissions-related diagnostic services;
— DoK-Line: ISO 14230-4, ISO 15031-5 Emissions-related diagnostic services;
— Data link layer (layer 2), specified in:
— DoCAN: ISO 15765-4;
— CAN: ISO 11898-1, ISO 11898-2;
— SAE J1850;
— ISO 9141-2;
— DoK-Line: ISO 14230-2;
— Physical layer (layer 1), specified in:
— DoCAN: ISO 15765-4;
— CAN: ISO 11898-1, ISO 11898-2;
— SAE J1850;
— ISO 9141-2;
— DoK-Line: ISO 14230-1;
in accordance with Table 1.
Table 1 — Legislated emissions‑related OBD diagnostic specifications applicable to the OSI
layers
Applicability OSI seven layers Emissions-related OBD communication requirements
Application (layer 7) ISO 15031-5
ISO 15031-2, SAE J1930-DA
Presentation (layer 6) ISO 15031-5, SAE J1979-DA
ISO 15031-6, SAE J2012-DA (OBD)
Seven layers
according to ISO/
Session (layer 5) ISO 14229-2 Not applicable ISO 14229-2
IEC 7498-1 and
ISO/IEC 10731
Transport (layer 4)
ISO 15765-2 ISO 15031-5
Network (layer 3)
ISO 15765-4 ISO 14230-4
Data link (layer 2) ISO 14230-2
ISO 11898-1,
SAE J1850 ISO 9141-2
ISO 11898-2
Physical (layer 1) ISO 14230-1
0.2 SAE document reference concept
This International Standard references several SAE documents which contain all terms, data, and DTC
definitions.
See Figure 1 with the following definition of content in ISO 15031-2, ISO 15031-5, and ISO 15031-6:
— SAE J1930: 15031-2 is concerned with a procedure for naming objects and systems and with the set
of words from which names are built. It references SAE J1930-DA which contains all standardized
naming objects, terms, and abbreviations.
— SAE J1979: 15031-5 is concerned with the definition of emissions-related diagnostic services
(diagnostic test modes). It references SAE J1979-DA which contains all standardized data items like
PIDs, TIDs, OBDMIDs, and ITIDs.
— SAE J2012: 15031-6 is concerned with the procedure for defining emissions-related diagnostic
trouble codes. It references SAE J2012-DA which contains all standardized data items like DTCs and
FTBs.
vi © ISO 2014 – All rights reserved

ISO 15031-4
Emissions OBD
External test equipment
SAE J2012-DA
SAE J 1979-DA SAE J1930-DA
emissions-related
emissions-related emissions-related
diagnostic trouble
data deinition acronym deinition
code deinition
SAE Digital Annex – emissions-related data deinition
Figure 1 — SAE Digi
...