ISO 5459

Geometrical product specifications (GPS) — Geometrical tolerancing — Datums and datum systems

ISO 5459:2011 specifies terminology, rules and methodology for the indication and understanding of datums and datum systems in technical product documentation. It also provides explanations to assist the user in understanding the concepts involved. ISO 5459:2011 defines the specification operator (see ISO 17450-2) used to establish a datum or datum system. The verification operator (see ISO 17450-2) can take different forms (physically or mathematically) and is not the subject of ISO 5459:2011. The detailed rules for maximum and least material requirements for datums are given in ISO 2692.

Spécification géométrique des produits (GPS) — Tolérancement géométrique — Références spécifiées et systèmes de références spécifiées

L'ISO 5459:2011 spécifie la terminologie, les règles et la méthodologie pour indiquer les références spécifiées et les systèmes de références spécifiées dans la documentation technique de produits. Elle fournit également des explications aidant l'utilisateur à la compréhension des concepts considérés. L'ISO 5459:2011 définit l'opérateur de spécification utilisé pour établir une référence spécifiée ou un système de références spécifiées. L'opérateur de vérification qui peut prendre différentes formes (physique ou mathématique) ne fait pas l'objet de l'ISO 5459:2011.

General Information

• Status: Not Published
• ICS: 01.100.20 - Mechanical engineering drawings
• ICS: 17.040.10 - Limits and fits
• ICS: 17.040.40 - Geometrical Product Specification (GPS)
• Technical Committee: ISO/TC 213 - Dimensional and geometrical product specifications and verification
• Drafting Committee: ISO/TC 213/WG 2 - Datums and datum systems
• Current Stage: 6000 - International Standard under publication
• Completion Date: 01-Jul-2024

Relations

• Consolidates: ISO/IEC 18033-5:2015/Amd 1:2021 - Information technology — Security techniques — Encryption algorithms — Part 5: Identity-based ciphers — Amendment 1: SM9 mechanism
• Effective Date: 28-Oct-2023
• Revises: ISO 5459:2011 - Geometrical product specifications (GPS) — Geometrical tolerancing — Datums and datum systems
• Effective Date: 30-Sep-2023

Standards Content (Sample)

FINAL DRAFT
International
Standard
ISO/FDIS 5459
ISO/TC 213
Geometrical product specifications
Secretariat: BSI
(GPS) — Geometrical tolerancing —
Voting begins on:
Datums and datum systems
2024-04-03
Spécification géométrique des produits (GPS) — Tolérancement
Voting terminates on:
géométrique — Références spécifiées et systèmes de références
2024-06-26
spécifiées
RECIPIENTS OF THIS DRAFT ARE INVITED TO SUBMIT,
WITH THEIR COMMENTS, NOTIFICATION OF ANY
RELEVANT PATENT RIGHTS OF WHICH THEY ARE AWARE
AND TO PROVIDE SUPPOR TING DOCUMENTATION.
IN ADDITION TO THEIR EVALUATION AS
BEING ACCEPTABLE FOR INDUSTRIAL, TECHNO­
ISO/CEN PARALLEL PROCESSING LOGICAL, COMMERCIAL AND USER PURPOSES, DRAFT
INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS MAY ON OCCASION HAVE
TO BE CONSIDERED IN THE LIGHT OF THEIR POTENTIAL
TO BECOME STAN DARDS TO WHICH REFERENCE MAY BE
MADE IN NATIONAL REGULATIONS.
Reference number
ISO/FDIS 5459:2024(en) © ISO 2024

FINAL DRAFT
ISO/FDIS 5459:2024(en)
International
Standard
ISO/FDIS 5459
ISO/TC 213
Geometrical product specifications
Secretariat: BSI
(GPS) — Geometrical tolerancing —
Voting begins on:
Datums and datum systems
Spécification géométrique des produits (GPS) — Tolérancement
Voting terminates on:
géométrique — Références spécifiées et systèmes de références
spécifiées
RECIPIENTS OF THIS DRAFT ARE INVITED TO SUBMIT,
WITH THEIR COMMENTS, NOTIFICATION OF ANY
RELEVANT PATENT RIGHTS OF WHICH THEY ARE AWARE
AND TO PROVIDE SUPPOR TING DOCUMENTATION.
© ISO 2024
IN ADDITION TO THEIR EVALUATION AS
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
BEING ACCEPTABLE FOR INDUSTRIAL, TECHNO­
ISO/CEN PARALLEL PROCESSING
LOGICAL, COMMERCIAL AND USER PURPOSES, DRAFT
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on
INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS MAY ON OCCASION HAVE
the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below
TO BE CONSIDERED IN THE LIGHT OF THEIR POTENTIAL
or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
TO BECOME STAN DARDS TO WHICH REFERENCE MAY BE
MADE IN NATIONAL REGULATIONS.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: [phone]
Email: [e-mail]
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland Reference number
ISO/FDIS 5459:2024(en) © ISO 2024

ii
ISO/FDIS 5459:2024(en)
Contents Page
Foreword .v
Introduction .vii
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Symbols . 5
5 Role of datums . 7
6 General concepts . 9
6.1 General .9
6.2 Intrinsic characteristics of surfaces associated with datum features .10
6.2.1 General .10
6.2.2 Single datum established from a single feature .11
6.2.3 Common datum established from two or more single features simultaneously .11
6.2.4 Datum systems established in a defined sequence from two or more single
features . 13
6.3 Single datums, common datums and datum systems . 13
6.3.1 General . 13
6.3.2 Single datums . 13
6.3.3 Common datums . .14
6.3.4 Datum systems. 15
7 Graphical language .18
7.1 General .18
7.2 Indication of datum features .18
7.2.1 Datum feature indicator .18
7.2.2 Datum feature identifier.19
7.2.3 Datum targets .19
7.3 Specification of datums and datum systems . 23
7.4 Indication and meaning of rules .24
7.4.1 General .24
7.4.2 Rules .24
8 Specification operators for datum .46
8.1 ISO default specification operator for datum . 46
8.2 Special specification operator for datum . 46
8.2.1 General . 46
8.2.2 Filtration specification elements for datum .47
8.2.3 Association specification elements for datum . 48
8.3 Drawing-default specification operator for datums . 49
Annex A (normative) Association for datums . .50
Annex B (informative) Invariance classes .60
Annex C (informative) Examples .62
Annex D (informative) Former practices .83
Annex E (informative) Examples of a datum system or a common datum established with
contacting features .87
Annex F (normative) Relations and dimensions of graphical symbols .93
Annex G (normative) Establishment of a datum coordinate system from a datum system .96
Annex H (informative) Filter symbols and attached nesting index .100
Annex I (informative) Issue of orientation and location constraints in datum systems .101

iii
ISO/FDIS 5459:2024(en)
Annex J (normative) Filtration of a datum feature which is nominally a plane .108
Annex K (informative) Relation to the GPS matrix model .111
Bibliography .112

iv
ISO/FDIS 5459:2024(en)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through
ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee
has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations,
governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely
with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described
in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the different types
of ISO document should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the
ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
ISO draws attention to the possibility that the implementation of this document may involve the use of (a)
patent(s). ISO takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of any claimed patent
rights in respect thereof. As of the date of publication of this document, ISO had not received notice of (a)
patent(s) which may be required to implement this document. However, implementers are cautioned that
this may not represent the latest information, which may be obtained from the patent database available at
www.iso.org/patents. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions
related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO’s adherence to the World Trade
Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 213, Dimensional and geometrical product
specifications and verification, collaboration with the European Committee for Standardization (CEN)
Technical Committee CEN/TC 290, Dimensional and geometrical product specification and verification, in
accordance with the Agreement on technical cooperation between ISO and CEN (Vienna Agreement).
This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition (ISO 5459:2011), which has been technically
revised.
The
...

ISO/FDIS 5459:2024(en)
Date: 2024-03-19
ISO/TC 213/WG 2
2024-01-18
Secretariat: BSI
Geometrical product specifications (GPS) — Geometrical
tolerancing — Datums and datum systems
Spécification géométrique des produits (GPS) — Tolérancement géométrique — Références
spécifiées et systèmes de références spécifiées

All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of
this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or
mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior written
permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISO’s member body in the
country of the requester.
ISO Copyright Office
CP 401 • CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: + 41 22 749 01 11
Email: [e-mail]
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland.
ISO/FDIS 5459:2024(en)
Contents
Foreword . v
Introduction . vii
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Symbols . 6
5 Role of datums . 8
6 General concepts . 10
6.1 General . 10
6.2 Intrinsic characteristics of surfaces associated with datum features . 11
6.2.1 General . 11
6.2.2 Single datum established from a single feature . 11
6.2.3 Common datum established from two or more single features simultaneously . 12
6.2.4 Datum systems established in a defined sequence from two or more single features
............................................................................................................................................................... 13
6.3 Single datums, common datums and datum systems . 13
6.3.1 General . 13
6.3.2 Single datums . 13
6.3.3 Common datums . 14
6.3.4 Datum systems . 15
7 Graphical language . 18
7.1 General . 18
7.2 Indication of datum features . 18
7.2.1 Datum feature indicator . 18
7.2.2 Datum feature identifier . 19
7.2.3 Datum targets . 19
7.3 Specification of datums and datum systems . 24
7.4 Indication and meaning of rules . 24
7.4.1 General . 24
7.4.2 Rules . 25
8 Specification operators for datum . 50
8.1 ISO default specification operator for datum . 50
8.2 Special specification operator for datum . 50
8.2.1 General . 50
8.2.2 Filtration specification elements for datum . 51
8.2.3 Association specification elements for datum . 52
8.3 Drawing-default specification operator for datums . 53
Annex A (normative) Association for datums . 54
Annex B (informative) Invariance classes . 64
Annex C (informative) Examples . 66
Annex D (informative) Former practices . 87
Annex E (informative) Examples of a datum system or a common datum established with
contacting features . 91
Annex F (normative) Relations and dimensions of graphical symbols . 97
iii
Annex G (normative) Establishment of a datum coordinate system from a datum system
............................................................................................................................................................ 100
Annex H (informative) Filter symbols and attached nesting index . 104
Annex I (informative) Issue of orientation and location constraints in datum systems . 105
Annex J (normative) Filtration of a datum feature which is nominally a plane . 112
Annex K (informative) Relation to the GPS matrix model . 116
Bibliography . 118

ISO/FDIS 5459:2024(en)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO
collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documentsdocument should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance
with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
ISO draws attention to the possibility that the implementation of this document may involve the use of
(a) patent(s). ISO takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of any claimed
patent rights in respect thereof. As of the date of publication of this document, ISO had not received notice
of (a) patent(s) which may be required to implement this document. However, implementers are
cautioned that this may not represent the latest information, which may be obtained from the patent
database available at www.iso.org/patents. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all
such patent rights.
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO’s adherence to the World
Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see
www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 213, Dimensional and geometrical product
specifications and verification., collaboration with the European Committee for Standardization (CEN)
Technical Committee CEN/TC 290, Dimensional and geometrical product specification and verification, in
accordance with the Agreement on technical cooperation between ISO and CEN (Vienna Agreement).
This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition (ISO 5459:2011), which has been technically
revised.
The main change compared to the previous edition is the inclusion of ISO 5459:2011/Amd1:2024, i.e. :
The main changes are as follows:
— update of the normativeNormative references and Bibliography;
— addition of definitions 3.20, 3.20.1, and 3.20.2;
— in Table 1, update of the symbol of the datum feature indicator;
— in Table 1, addition of the symbol of single datum target indicator, moveable datum target indicator,
Restrictedrestricted datum feature, indication of a situation feature, and datum coordinate system
indicator, and addition of a note;
— in Table 2, addition of [SV], [SF], [SFxx] and [SFxx], and addition of a note;
v
— in Clause 6.1, addition of a paragraph before the example; in 6.1, update of 6.2.1 and 6.2.2;,
replacement of the first paragraph in 6.2.3 and 6.2.4;, addition of the last paragraph in 6.3.2 and table
titles added in 6.3.2 and subsequent tables renumbered;
— in Clause 7, addition of a note in 7.1;, update of 7.2.1, 7.3, 7.4.2.1, and 7.4.2.2;, update of the text and
Figuresfigures in 7.4.2.4 up to Figure 22;, update of the first paragraph of 7.4.2.6;, update of
Figure 39;
— , addition of a new rule 11 in 7.4.2.11 and a new rule 12 in 7.4.2.12;
— addition of a new Clause 8;
— in ClauseAnnex A.1, update of the text between Figure Figures A.1 and Figure A.2; in A.2.1, update of
the first paragraph in A.2.1 and of Figure A.4; in A.2.2.3, addition of notesNotes 1 and 2; in A.2.2.3,
and update of the row for the plane in Table A.2;
— addition of a new Clause D.4;
— update of Annex F;, addition of new Annexes G to J;, update of Annex K giving the relation to the GPS
matrix model.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.

ISO/FDIS 5459:2024(en)
Introduction
This document is a geometrical product specification (GPS) standard and is to be regarded as a general
GPS standard (see ISO 14638). It influences the chain links 1 to 3 of the chainchains of standards on
datums.
The ISO GPS matrix model given in ISO 14638 gives an overview of the ISO GPS system of which this
standarddocument is a part. The fundamental rules of ISO GPS given in ISO 8015 apply to this
standarddocument and the default decision rules given in ISO 14253-1 apply to the specifications made
in accordance with this standarddocument, unless otherwise indicated.
For more detailed information ofon the relationrelationship of this document to other standards and the
GPS matrix model, see Annex K.
For the definitive presentation (proportions and dimensions) of symbols for geometrical tolerancing, see
ISO 7083.
The previous version of ISO 5459this document dealt only with planes, cylinders and spheres being used
as datums. There is a need to consider all types of surfaces, which are increasingly used in industry. The
definitions of classes of surfaces as given in Annex B are exhaustive and unambiguous.
This edition of ISO 5459document applies new concepts and terms that have not been used in previous
ISO GPS standards. These concepts are described in detail in ISO 14638, ISO 17450-1 and ISO 17450-2;
therefore, it is recommended to refer to these standards when using ISO 5459this document.
This document provides tools to express location or orientation constraints, or both, for a tolerance zone.
It does not provide information about the relationship between datums or datum systems and functional
requirements or applications.
vii
FINAL DRAFT International Standard ISO/FDIS 5459:2024(en)

Geometrical product specifications (GPS) — Geometrical
tolerancing — Datums and datum systems
1 Scope
This document specifies terminology, rules and methodology for the ind
...