SIST TP CLC/TR 50373:2006
(Main)Wind turbines - Electromagnetic compatibility
Wind turbines - Electromagnetic compatibility
This Technical Report provides guidance on requirements for the electromagnetic compatibility of wind turbines of all sizes, to assist with achieving compliance with EMC standards. This Technical Report includes guidance on emissions, and for immunity to external disturbances. Safety related aspects are not included in this Technical Report. They are the subject of relevant parts of EN 61400. This Technical Report is applicable to electromagnetic emissions and immunity, both conducted and radiated, in the range 0 Hz to 400 GHz (although generally EMC standards do not at present contain test methods or limits at frequencies above 1 GHz). Fault conditions are not taken into account. This Technical Report does not include test procedures, conditions, limits, or reference values; these requirements are included in relevant parts of EN 61000, which are referred to in this Technical Report where necessary. This Technical Report also provides guidance for wind turbine installations (wind farms or single machines). The electromagnetic compatibility of components within the wind turbine (i.e. within enclosed parts of the wind turbine, which may include the hub, nacelle and tubular tower) with each other is solely a matter for the wind turbine manufacturer. The physical impact of the structure on the reception of radio services in the vicinity needs to be considered as a separate issue, and is not dealt with in this Technical Report. It should be noted that although experience to date has shown that physical interference to broadcasting services has caused the majority of complaints, wind turbines are capable of interfering with all radio services to some extent.
Windturbinen - Elektromagnetische Verträglichkeit
Eoliennes - Compatibilité électromagnétique
Vetrne turbine – Elektromagnetna združljivost
General Information
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TECHNICAL REPORT CLC/TR 50373
RAPPORT TECHNIQUE
TECHNISCHER BERICHT August 2004
ICS 29.020
English version
Wind turbines –
Electromagnetic compatibility
Eoliennes – Windturbinen –
Compatibilité électromagnétique Elektromagnetische Verträglichkeit
This Technical Report was approved by CENELEC on 2004-03-16.
CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech
Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy,
Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia,
Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
CENELEC
European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization
Comité Européen de Normalisation Electrotechnique
Europäisches Komitee für Elektrotechnische Normung
Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 35, B - 1050 Brussels
© 2004 CENELEC - All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC members.
Ref. No. CLC/TR 50373:2004 E
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CLC/TR 50373:2004 - 2 -
Foreword
This Technical Report was prepared by the Technical Committee CENELEC TC 88 (former
CLC/BTTF 83-2), Wind turbine systems.
The text of the draft was submitted to the formal vote and was approved by CENELEC as
CLC/TR 50373 on 2004-03-16.
________
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Contents
Introduction. 4
1 Scope . 4
2 References. 4
3 Definitions . 5
4 Symbols and abbreviations. 5
5 Guidance for wind turbines. 6
5.1 General . 6
5.2 Emissions . 6
5.3 Immunity. 8
5.4 Testing . 9
5.5 Electromagnetic compatibility inside the wind turbine . 9
6 Documentation for the purchaser/user. 10
6.1 Documentation which may be supplied to the purchaser/user. 10
6.2 Documentation which may be provided to the purchaser/user upon request. 10
7 Guidance for wind turbine installations . 10
Bibliography. 13
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CLC/TR 50373:2004 - 4 -
Introduction
This Technical Report is intended to provide guidance, to manufacturers, vendors, purchasers and
users of wind turbines, on the application of Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) standards. The
extent to which EMC phenomena are covered is indicated in the scope of this Technical Report.
Manufacturers and vendors of wind turbines should refer also to Article 10 of the Council Directive
89/336/EEC of 3 May 1989 (the Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) Directive), which covers such
matters as declarations of conformity and CE marks.
1 Scope
This Technical Report provides guidance on requirements for the electromagnetic compatibility of
wind turbines of all sizes, to assist with achieving compliance with EMC standards. This Technical
Report includes guidance on emissions, and for immunity to external disturbances.
Safety related aspects are not included in this Technical Report. They are the subject of relevant
parts of EN 61400.
This Technical Report is applicable to electromagnetic emissions and immunity, both conducted and
radiated, in the range 0 Hz to 400 GHz (although generally EMC standards do not at present contain
test methods or limits at frequencies above 1 GHz). Fault conditions are not taken into account.
This Technical Report does not include test procedures, conditions, limits, or reference values; these
requirements are included in relevant parts of EN 61000, which are referred to in this Technical
Report where necessary.
This Technical Report also provides guidance for wind turbine installations (wind farms or single
machines).
The electromagnetic compatibility of components within the wind turbine (i.e. within enclosed parts of
the wind turbine, which may include the hub, nacelle and tubular tower) with each other is solely a
matter for the wind turbine manufacturer.
The physical impact of the structure on the reception of radio services in the vicinity needs to be
considered as a separate issue, and is not dealt with in this Technical Report. It should be noted that
although experience to date has shown that physical interference to broadcasting services has
caused the majority of complaints, wind turbines are capable of interfering with all radio services to
some extent.
2 References
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 55011 Industrial, scientific and medical (ISM) radio-frequency equipment -
Radiodisturbance characteristics - Limits and methods of measurement (CISPR 11)
EN 61000-5 Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) – Part 5: Installation and mitigation guidelines
(IEC 61000-5)
EN 61000-6-1 Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) - Part 6-1: Generic standards - Immunity for
residential, commercial and light-industrial environments (IEC 61000-6-1, mod)
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EN 61000-6-2 Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) - Part 6-2: Generic standards - Immunity for
industrial environments (IEC 61000-6-2, mod)
EN 61000-6-3 Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) - Part 6-3: Generic standards - Emission
standard for residential, commercial and light-industrial environments (IEC 61000-6-
3, mod)
EN 61000-6-4 Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) - Part 6-4: Generic standards - Emission
standard for industrial environments (IEC 61000-6-4, mod)
EN 61400-21 Wind turbine generator systems - Part 21: Measurement and assessment of power
quality characteristics of grid connected wind turbines (IEC 61400-21)
3 Definitions
Definitions related to EMC and to relevant phenomena may be found in the EMC Directive, in
Chapter 161 of the IEV (IEC 60050) and in CISPR publications. The definitions stated in the EMC
Directive take precedence.
For the purposes of this Technical Report, the following definitions apply:
3.1
low voltage (LV)
in this document, LV refers to U < 1 kV
n
3.2
medium voltage (MV)
in this document, MV refers to 1 kV < U < 35 kV
n
3.3
high voltage (HV)
in this document, HV refers to U > 35 kV
n
3.4
port
particular interface of the specified apparatus with the external electromagnetic environment
[EN 61000-6-3]
NOTE Definitions of particular types of port are provided in EN 61000 series.
3.5
wind turbine, wind turbine generator system (WTGS)
a system which converts kinetic energy in the wind into electrical energy
[IEC 61400-1]
4 Symbols and abbreviations
EMC Electromagnetic Compatibility
U Phase to phase nominal voltage (V)
n
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CLC/TR 50373:2004 - 6 -
5 Guidance for wind turbines
5.1 General
To enable presumption of compliance with EMC standards, a wind turbine, being a single unit for
commercial trade (a “finished product” in the terms of the Directive and Guidelines), should meet a
particular set of requirements.
The generic EMC standards EN 61000-6-1 to EN 61000-6-4 define two alternative environments in
which electromagnetic compatibility is considered.
The locations wind turbines may operate in do not closely match the terms used by the generic
standards, and it is not possible to relate all wind turbines to one and only one of these
environments. Therefore the manufacturer should specify in the instructions for use, on product
literature, and on the wind turbine nameplate, which of the following environments the wind turbine is
intended for
− industrial (i.e. EN 61000-6-2 and EN 61000-6-4 apply),
− or residential, commercial and light industry (i.e. EN 61000-6-1 and EN 61000-6-3 apply),
− or the most onerous (i.e. EN 61000-6-2 and EN 61000-6-3 apply).
The choice made by the wind turbine manufacturer should be applied consistently in 5.2, 5.3 and 5.4.
The industrial environment is suitable if the manufacturer intends the wind turbine to be
− connected to a high-voltage or medium-voltage power network, probably by means of a
transformer,
− or located in or close to industrial locations (as defined in EN 61000-6-4).
The residential, commercial and light industrial environment is suitable if the manufacturer intends
the wind turbine to be
− connected to a local public mains network (distribution grid) at low voltage,
− or located close to residential, commercial or light industry premises.
Independent of the requirements dictated by the environment, sound EMC engineering will be
important. Engineering and construction should be realised according to relevant parts of
EN 61000-5.
Note that cables and cable accessories are considered to be electromagnetically passive items and
are excluded from the scope of harmonised EMC standards. However, the manufacturer’s
instructions for use which accompany other items may place requirements on the cables used to
interconnect those items.
5.2 Emissions
All wind turbines will contain an “enclosure port”. Other types of ports may not be present in all
cases.
5.2.1 Enclosure port
The requirements of EN 61000-6-3 or EN 61000-6-4 for the enclosure port are relevant.
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The requirements may be assumed to be satisfied if all the electrical and electronic apparatus within
the wind turbine:
− conform to the relevant EMC product or generic standard for the relevant electromagnetic
environment (i.e. are themselves CE-marked) or are exempt or excluded from the scope of the
Directive,
− and are installed in accordance with the instructions and limitations of use provided by their
manufacturers.
5.2.2 AC power port
This subclause applies only to wind turbines intended for direct connection of the AC power port to a
public low voltage electricity system, i.e. without an external power transformer. For other cases, see
Clause 7.
The requirements of EN 61000-6-3 or EN 61000-6-4 for emissions through the AC power port in the
range 0 kHz to 2 kH
...
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