SIST EN 16908:2017+A1:2022
(Main)Cement and building lime - Environmental product declarations - Product category rules complementary to EN 15804
Cement and building lime - Environmental product declarations - Product category rules complementary to EN 15804
The general scope of the core product category rules (PCR) is given in EN 15804:2012+A2:2019, Clause 1.
This PCR is primarily intended for the creation of cradle-to-gate EPDs of cement and building lime.
In other respects, the scope is as in EN 15804:2012+A2:2019.
Zement und Baukalk - Umweltproduktdeklarationen - Produktkategorieregeln in Ergänzung zu EN 15804
Der allgemeine Anwendungsbereich der Grundregeln für die Produktkategorien (PCR) ist in EN 15804, Abschnitt 1, angegeben.
Diese PCR dient in erster Linie der Erstellung von "von der Wiege bis zum Werkstor"-EPD für Zement und Baukalk.
Ansonsten entspricht der Anwendungsbereich EN 15804.
Ciment et chaux de constructions - Déclaration environnementales sur les produits - Règles de catégorie de produits complémentaires de l'EN 15804
Le domaine d’application général des règles de catégorie de produits (RCP) de base est donné dans lEN 15804:2012+A2:2019, Article 1.
Les présentes RCP sont principalement destinées à la création de DEP du berceau à la sortie de l’usine relatives au ciment et à la chaux de construction.
Concernant les autres aspects, le domaine d’application est celui de l’EN 15804:2012+A2:2019.
Cement in gradbeno apno - Okoljske deklaracije za proizvode - Pravila za kategorije proizvodov, ki dopolnjujejo EN 15804 (vključno z dopolnilom A1)
Splošno področje uporabe osnovnih pravil za kategorije proizvodov (PCR) je podano v standardu EN 15804:2012+A2:2019, točka 1.
Ta pravila za kategorije proizvodov so namenjena predvsem za pripravo okoljskih deklaracij za proizvode (»od zibelke do vrat«) za cement in gradbeno apno.
V drugih pogledih je področje uporabe v skladu s standardom EN 15804:2012+A2:2019.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN 16908:2017+A1:2022
01-julij-2022
Cement in gradbeno apno - Okoljske deklaracije za proizvode - Pravila za
kategorije proizvodov, ki dopolnjujejo EN 15804 (vključno z dopolnilom A1)
Cement and building lime - Environmental product declarations - Product category rules
complementary to EN 15804
Zement und Baukalk - Umweltproduktdeklarationen - Produktkategorieregeln in
Ergänzung zu EN 15804
Ciment et chaux de constructions - Déclaration environnementales sur les produits -
Règles de catégorie de produits complémentaires de l'EN 15804
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 16908:2017+A1:2022
ICS:
13.020.20 Okoljska ekonomija. Environmental economics.
Trajnostnost Sustainability
91.100.10 Cement. Mavec. Apno. Malta Cement. Gypsum. Lime.
Mortar
SIST EN 16908:2017+A1:2022 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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SIST EN 16908:2017+A1:2022
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SIST EN 16908:2017+A1:2022
EN 16908:2017+A1
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
March 2022
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 91.010.99; 91.100.10 Supersedes EN 16908:2017
English Version
Cement and building lime - Environmental product
declarations - Product category rules complementary to
EN 15804
Ciment et chaux de constructions - Déclaration Zement und Baukalk - Umweltproduktdeklarationen -
environnementales sur les produits - Règles de Produktkategorieregeln in Ergänzung zu EN 15804
catégorie de produits complémentaires de l'EN 15804
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 21 November 2016 and includes Amendment 1 approved by CEN on 10
January 2022.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and
United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2022 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 16908:2017+A1:2022 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
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SIST EN 16908:2017+A1:2022
EN 16908:2017+A1:2022 (E)
Contents Page
European foreword . 4
Introduction . 5
1 Scope . 6
2 Normative references . 6
3 Terms and definitions . 6
4 Abbreviations . 6
5 General aspects . 6
5.1 Objective of the Core PCR . 6
5.2 Types of EPD with respect to life cycle stages covered . 6
5.3 Comparability of EPD for construction products . 7
5.4 !Additional environmental information . 7
5.4.1 General . 7
5.4.2 Additional impact indicators . 7
5.4.3 Additional information on carbon offset, carbon storage and delayed emissions . 7
5.4.4 Additional Information not derived from LCA . 7
5.5 Ownership, responsibility and liability for the EPD . 7
5.6 Communication formats . 8
6 Product Category Rules for LCA . 8
6.1 Product category . 8
6.2 Life cycle stages and their information modules to be included . 8
6.2.1 General . 8
6.2.2 A1-A3, Product stage, information modules . 8
6.2.3 A4-A5, Construction process stage, information modules . 8
6.2.4 B1-B5, Use stage, information modules related to the building fabric . 8
6.2.5 B6-B7, Use stage, information modules related to the operation of the building . 8
6.2.6 C1-C4, End-of-life-stage, information modules. 8
6.2.7 D, Benefits and loads beyond the system boundary, information module . 8
6.3 Calculation rules for the LCA . 8
6.3.1 !Functional or declared unit . 8
6.3.2 !Functional unit . 9
6.3.3 Declared unit . 9
6.3.4 Reference service life (RSL). 9
6.3.5 System boundaries . 9
6.3.6 Criteria for the exclusion of inputs and outputs . 13
6.3.7 Selection of data . 13
6.3.8 !Data quality . 13
6.3.9 Developing product level scenarios . 14
6.3.10 Units . 14
6.4 Inventory analysis . 14
6.4.1 Collecting data . 14
6.4.2 Calculation procedures . 14
6.4.3 Allocation of input flows and output emissions . 14
6.4.4 !Information on biogenic carbon content . 15
6.5 Impact assessment . 15
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EN 16908:2017+A1:2022 (E)
6.5.1 !General . 15
6.5.2 Core environmental impact indicators . 15
6.5.3 Additional environmental impact indicators . 15
7 Content of the EPD . 15
7.1 Declaration of general information . 15
7.2 Declaration of environmental parameters derived from LCA. 16
7.2.1 General . 16
7.2.2 Rules for declaring LCA information per module . 17
7.2.3 !Indicators describing environmental impacts based on Life Cycle Impact
Assessment (LCIA) . 17
7.2.4 !Indicators describing resource use and environmental information based on Life
Cycle Inventory (LCI) . 18
7.2.5 !Information on biogenic carbon content . 18
7.3 Scenarios and additional technical information . 18
7.3.1 General . 18
7.3.2 Construction process stage . 18
7.3.3 B1-B7 Use stage . 18
7.3.4 End-of-life . 18
7.3.5 Carbonation in cement-based products . 18
7.3.6 Carbonation in building lime . 19
7.4 Additional information on release of dangerous substances to indoor air, soil and
water during the use stage . 19
7.5 Aggregation of information modules . 19
8 Project report . 19
9 Verification and validity of an EPD . 19
Bibliography . 27
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SIST EN 16908:2017+A1:2022
EN 16908:2017+A1:2022 (E)
European foreword
This document (EN 16908:2017+A1:2022) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 51
“Cement and building limes”, the secretariat of which is held by NBN.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by September 2022, and conflicting national standards
shall be withdrawn at the latest by September 2022.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document includes Amendment 1 approved by CEN on 10 January 2022.
This document supersedes !EN 16908:2017".
The start and finish of text introduced or altered by amendment is indicated in the text by tags !".
This document has been prepared under a Standardization Request given to CEN by the European
Commission and the European Free Trade Association.
Any feedback and questions on this document should be directed to the users’ national standards body.
A complete listing of these bodies can be found on the CEN website.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria,
Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland,
Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of
North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the
United Kingdom.
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SIST EN 16908:2017+A1:2022
EN 16908:2017+A1:2022 (E)
Introduction
How to use this document
This document provides product category rules (PCR) for Type III environmental declarations (EPDs)
according to !EN 15804:2012+A2:2019" for cement and building lime, in particular to products
according to the standards developed in CEN/TC 51 “Cement and building limes”.
The European Standard !EN 15804:2012+A2:2019", “Core rules for the product category of
construction products”, is intended as the core PCR to be followed. This PCR document supplements
!EN 15804:2012+A2:2019" by giving more detail for specific items relevant to cement and
building lime. In all cases where no specific rules are given in this document,
!EN 15804:2012+A2:2019" should be followed. Therefore, this document should be read in
parallel with !EN 15804:2012+A2:2019". !EN 15804:2012+A2:2019" is normatively
referenced in this document and is indispensable for its application.
The structure of this document follows that of !EN 15804:2012+A2:2019", with all headings and
section numbers kept the same. Where a section of !EN 15804:2012+A2:2019" applies without
modification, this is indicated. Where a section of !EN 15804:2012+A2:2019" is not relevant for
EPDs covered by this PCR, this is also indicated.
The purpose of an EPD is given in the Introduction to !EN 15804:2012+A2:2019".
Definition of the covered products
Cement
Cement is defined in standards published by CEN/TC 51 as “a hydraulic binder, i.e. a finely ground
inorganic material which, when mixed with water, forms a paste which sets and hardens by means of
hydration reactions and processes and which, after hardening, retains its strength and stability even
under water”.
Building Lime
Building lime is defined in EN 459-1 as a “group of lime products, exclusively consisting of two families:
air lime and lime with hydraulic properties, used in applications or materials for construction, building
and civil engineering.” Air lime refers to the product which combines and hardens with carbon dioxide
present in air.
Air lime refers to the product which combines and hardens with carbon dioxide present in air. Air lime
has no hydraulic properties. Air lime is divided into two sub-families, calcium lime (CL) and dolomitic
lime (DL). Calcium lime is an air lime consisting mainly of calcium oxide (quicklime) and/or calcium
hydroxide (hydrated lime). Dolomitic lime is an air lime consisting mainly of calcium magnesium oxide
and/or calcium magnesium hydroxide.
Lime with hydraulic properties is a building lime consisting mainly of calcium hydroxide, calcium
silicates and calcium aluminates. It has the property of setting and hardening when mixed with water
and/or under water. Reaction with atmospheric carbon dioxide is part of the hardening process. Lime
with hydraulic properties is divided into three subfamilies, natural hydraulic lime (NHL), formulated
lime (FL) and hydraulic lime (HL).
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SIST EN 16908:2017+A1:2022
EN 16908:2017+A1:2022 (E)
1 Scope
The general scope of the core product category rules (PCR) is given in !EN 15804:2012+A2:2019",
Clause 1.
This PCR is primarily intended for the creation of cradle-to-gate EPDs of cement and building lime.
In other respects, the scope is as in !EN 15804:2012+A2:2019".
2 Normative references
!The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 15804:2012+A2:2019, Sustainability of construction works — Environmental product declarations —
Core rules for the product category of construction products"
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in !EN 15804:2012+A2:2019"
apply.
4 Abbreviations
As in !EN 15804:2012+A2:2019".
5 General aspects
5.1 Objective of the Core PCR
As in !EN 15804:2012+A2:2019".
5.2 Types of EPD with respect to life cycle stages covered
As in !EN 15804:2012+A2:2019".
!Cement and building lime are physically integrated with other products (e.g. aggregates, chemical
admixtures) into downstream products (e.g. concrete, mortar, plaster). During their hydration, cement
and building lime undergo a chemical transformation. After their hydration, the original products in the
un-hydrated state are not identifiable anymore and cannot be physically separated.
None of the constituents of cement and building lime contain biogenic carbon.
Cement and building lime therefore fulfil the three conditions:
— the product or material is physically integrated with other products during installation so they
cannot be physically separated from them at end of life, and
— the product or material is no longer identifiable at end of life as a result of a physical or chemical
transformation process, and
— the product or material does not contain biogenic carbon and are therefore exempt from the
obligation to declare modules C1–C4 and D."
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EN 16908:2017+A1:2022 (E)
Cement and building lime are intermediate products with many different final uses. Cement may for
example be used in ready-mix concrete, precast concrete, mortar, screed, base treatment for various
types of infrastructures, etc. Building lime may for example be used in plasters, renders, masonry
mortars, calcium silica bricks, autoclave aerated concrete, soil treatment, asphalt mixtures etc.
Therefore, it is generally not possible to provide information about the environmental impacts of the
products during the construction process, use, and end of life stages, as this will greatly depend on how
the cement or building lime is used.
For this reason, this PCR is primarily intended to support the creation of cradle-to-gate EPDs, i.e. it
focuses on the life cycle stages A1 – A3: raw material supply, transport, and manufacturing, although
other stages may also be included.
Information on other life cycle modules may be provided in an EPD if relevant. Particularly information
on carbonation of building limes in the life cycle modules A5 and B1 may be provided in EPDs.
If additional stages are included, the modularity principle shall be observed (see 6.3.4.1 of
!EN 15804:2012+A2:2019") in order to produce consistent EPDs.
5.3 Comparability of EPD for construction products
As in !EN 15804:2012+A2:2019".
As cement and building lime are intermediate products, no functional unit can be defined in EPDs for
cement and building lime (see 6.3) and therefore no comparisons with other construction products can
be made based on EPDs according to this PCR. As stated in !EN 15804:2012+A2:2019", “EPD that
are not in a building context are not tools to compare construction products and construction services”.
5.4 !Additional environmental information
5.4.1 General
As in EN 15804:2012+A2:2019.
5.4.2 Additional impact indicators
As in EN 15804:2012+A2:2019.
In EPDs for cement and building lime, the impact categories “Particulate Matter emissions” and
“Ionizing radiation, human health” should be declared. The indicators “Eco-toxicity (freshwater)”,
“human toxicity, cancer effects”, “Human toxicity, non-cancer effects” and “Land use related
impacts/Soil quality” may be declared in EPDs for cement. However, the uncertainties with respect to
the results are high.
5.4.3 Additional information on carbon offset, carbon storage and delayed emissions
As in EN 15804:2012+A2:2019.
5.4.4 Additional Information not derived from LCA
As in EN 15804:2012+A2:2019.
For additional information on emissions to indoor air, soil and water during the use stage, please refer
to the respective PCR/EPDs for downstream products such as ready-mix concrete, precast concrete,
screed, plasters, masonry mortars, etc.
The life cycle of lime is shown in Figure 2."
5.5 Ownership, responsibility and liability for the EPD
As in !EN 15804:2012+A2:2019".
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EN 16908:2017+A1:2022 (E)
5.6 Communication formats
As in !EN 15804:2012+A2:2019".
6 Product Category Rules for LCA
6.1 Product category
The product category for this PCR is cement and building lime, particularly those covered by the
standards developed in CEN/TC 51.
6.2 Life cycle stages and their information modules to be included
6.2.1 General
As in !EN 15804:2012+A2:2019".
In general, EPDs according to this PCR will be cradle-to-gate EPDs, i.e. will cover modules A1 – A3 only.
However, downstream processes (including transport, use and reuse, recycling or recovery) may
optionally be declared.
As an example, information on carbonation of building limes in the life cycle modules A5 and B1 may be
provided in EPDs.
6.2.2 A1-A3, Product stage, information modules
As in !EN 15804:2012+A2:2019".
For a more detailed description of the processes in the product stage of cement and building lime see
6.3.4.2.
6.2.3 A4-A5, Construction process stage, information modules
As in !EN 15804:2012+A2:2019", not relevant for cradle to gate EPDs, but relevant for the
information on carbonation of building limes (see 6.3.4.3).
6.2.4 B1-B5, Use stage, information modules related to the building fabric
As in !EN 15804:2012+A2:2019", not relevant for cradle to gate EPDs, but relevant for the
information on carbonation of building limes (see 6.3.4.3).
6.2.5 B6-B7, Use stage, information modules related to the operation of the building
As in !EN 15804:2012+A2:2019", not relevant for cradle to gate EPDs.
6.2.6 C1-C4, End-of-life-stage, information modules
As in !EN 15804:2012+A2:2019", not relevant for cradle to gate EPDs.
6.2.7 D, Benefits and loads beyond the system boundary, information module
As in !EN 15804:2012+A2:2019", not relevant for cradle to gate EPDs.
6.3 Calculation rules for the LCA
6.3.1 !Functional or declared unit
As in EN 15804:2012+A2:2019".
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6.3.2 !Functional unit
6.3.2.1 General
As in EN 15804:2012+A2:2019.
As cement and building lime are intermediate products, no functional unit can be defined in EPDs for
cement and building lime. A declared unit is used as defined in 6.3.3.
6.3.2.2 Performance in a functional unit
As in EN 15804:2012+A2:2019."
6.3.3 Declared unit
As in !EN 15804:2012+A2:2019".
The declared unit is 1 000 kg of cement or building lime.
6.3.4 Reference service life (RSL)
6.3.4.1 !General
As in EN 15804:2012+A2:2019.
No RSL is declared for cement or building lime as they are intermediate building products. A reference
service life could be declared for downstream products such as ready-mix concrete, precast concrete,
screed, plasters, masonry mortars or other building products in which cement and/or building lime are
used.
6.3.4.2 Scenarios for RSL and functional unit
As in EN 15804:2012+A2:2019."
6.3.5 System boundaries
6.3.5.1 General
As in !EN 15804:2012+A2:2019".
Biogenic CO emissions can be compensated by re-growth of biomass in the short term. Therefore, CO
2 2
emissions from biomass fuels (secondary fuels or waste) and the biogenic carbon content of mixed fuels
(secondary fuels or waste) shall not be included in the total CO emissions [10], [11].
2
For emissions from waste and secondary fuels see Annex D. As a conservative approach, if wastes are
used for energy or material recovery and do not have the same waste status in all regions, for
transparency reasons two figures may be specified in the communication of the LCA results in module
A1 to A3:
— the environmental impacts caused by the emissions including processing, incineration and co-
incineration of waste (gross figure); and
— the environmental impacts caused excluding the incineration of waste (net figure), see Annex D.
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EN 16908:2017+A1:2022 (E)
6.3.5.2 Product stage
As in !EN 15804:2012+A2:2019".
In more detail, the life cycle stages for cement and building lime include the following:
— A1 Extraction of raw materials and primary fuels (e.g. mining processes):
— Extraction of raw materials. This includes the quarrying of calcareous or dolomitic materials,
such as limestone or marl, siliceous materials such as sand, argillaceous material, such as clay
or shale and aluminous materials such as bauxite.
— Extraction of primary fuels. Major primary fuels used in the production of cement and building
lime are coal, petcoke, lignite and natural gas.
— A1 Production of upstream products
— Production of quicklime or hydrated lime and alumina for the production of calcium aluminate
cements.
— Production of cements or other pre-products (cf. Annex D of EN 459-1:2015) for the
production of building lime.
— Production of other additives (pigments, grinding aids, …).
— A1 Allocated impacts of co-products from other industries used in the production of cement or
building lime
— A1 Processing of raw materials
EXAMPLE 1 Crushing of limestone in the quarry.
— A1 Processing of secondary materials, used as input for manufacturing the product, but not
including those processes that are part of the waste processing in the previous product system.
Processing of co-products and upstream-products materials used as input for manufacturing the
product.
EXAMPLE 2 Processing of co-products such as blast furnace slag, artificial gypsum and silica fume,
recovered alumina. Processing of materials recovered from previous use or from waste.
— A1 Processing of fuels:
— Processing of primary or secondary fuels in preparation for use in the kiln
— A1 Generation of electricity
— A2 Transportation up to the factory gate and internal transport, including:
— Transport of raw materials, upstream products and fuels to the plant
— Internal transport in the plant
— Transport of materials to the grinding mills or hydration units (the latter for building lime)
—
...
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