SIST EN 13100-2:2019

Non-destructive testing of welded joints in thermoplastics semi-finished products - Part 2: X-ray radiographic testing

This document specifies fundamental radiographic techniques with film, which enable repeatable results to be obtained economically.
This document applies to the X-ray radiographic examination of heated tool, electrofusion, extrusion and hot gas joints in plastics materials.
It applies to joints in solid wall pipes and plates with a range of thicknesses from 5 mm to 100 mm. It only applies to pipes containing air or other gases at the time of X-ray testing.
This document does not specify acceptance levels of the indications.

Zerstörungsfreie Prüfung von Schweißverbindungen thermoplastischer Kunststoffe - Teil 2: Röntgenprüfung

Dieses Dokument legt die grundlegenden Regeln für Röntgendurchstrahlungstechniken mit Film mit dem Ziel fest, reproduzierbare Ergebnisse in wirtschaftlicher Weise zu erreichen.
Dieses Dokument gilt für die Röntgendurchstrahlungsprüfung von Heizelement , Heizwendel , Extrusions- und Warmgasverbindungen an Kunststoffmaterialien.
Es gilt für Verbindungen an Vollwandrohren und Platten im Dickebereich von 5 mm bis 100 mm. Es ist nur anwendbar für Rohre, die während der Röntgendurchstrahlungsprüfung Luft oder andere Gase enthalten.
Dieses Dokument legt keine Zulässigkeitsgrenzen für die Angaben fest.

Essais non destructifs des assemblages soudés sur produits semi-finis en thermoplastiques - Partie 2: Contrôle radiographique par rayons X

Le présent document spécifie les techniques radiographiques fondamentales avec film qui permettent d’obtenir des résultats reproductibles de manière économique.
Le présent document s’applique au contrôle par radiographie aux rayons X d’assemblages de matières plastiques réalisés par soudage par élément chauffant, par électrofusion, par extrusion et au gaz chaud.
Il s’applique aux assemblages de tubes à paroi compacte et de plaques avec une épaisseur se situant dans la plage allant de 5 mm à 100 mm. Il s’applique uniquement aux tubes contenant de l’air ou un autre gaz au moment du contrôle aux rayons X.
Le présent document ne spécifie aucun niveau d’acceptation pour les indications.

Neporušitveno preskušanje zvarjenih spojev plastomernih polizdelkov - 2. del: Rentgensko (radiografsko) preskušanje

Ta dokument določa temeljne radiografske tehnike, ki omogočajo ekonomičen način pridobivanja ponovljivih rezultatov.
Ta dokument se uporablja za rentgensko radiografsko preiskavo spojev v plastičnih materialih, izdelanih z ogrevanim orodjem, elektrofuzijo, ekstrudiranjem in varjenjem z vročim zrakom.
Uporablja se za spoje v enojnih stenskih ceveh in ploščah z razponom debelin od 5 mm do 100 mm. Uporablja se samo za cevi, ki v času rentgenskega preskušanja vsebujejo zrak ali druge pline.
Dokument ne določa ravni sprejemanja navedb.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Public Enquiry End Date: 30-Nov-2018
• Publication Date: 16-Sep-2019
• ICS: 25.160.40 - Welded joints and welds
• ICS: 83.140.01 - Rubber and plastics products in general
• Technical Committee: IPMA - Polimer materials and products
• Current Stage: 6060 - National Implementation/Publication (Adopted Project)
• Start Date: 13-Sep-2019
• Due Date: 18-Nov-2019
• Completion Date: 17-Sep-2019
• Ref Project: EN 13100-2:2019 - Non-destructive testing of welded joints in thermoplastics semi- finished products - Part 2: X-ray radiographic testing

Relations

• Replaces: SIST EN 13100-2:2005 - Non-destructive testing of welded joints in thermoplastics semi-finished products - Part 2: X-ray radiographic testing
• Effective Date: 11-Sep-2019
• Revised: SIST EN 13100-2:2005 - Non-destructive testing of welded joints in thermoplastics semi-finished products - Part 2: X-ray radiographic testing
• Effective Date: 08-Nov-2017

Overview

EN 13100-2:2019 (CEN) defines repeatable, economical X‑ray radiographic testing methods with film for the non‑destructive testing (NDT) of welded joints in thermoplastic semi‑finished products. The standard covers radiography of heated tool, electrofusion, extrusion and hot‑gas joints in solid wall pipes and plates with nominal thicknesses from 5 mm to 100 mm. It applies only to pipes containing air or other gases at the time of X‑ray testing and does not set acceptance criteria for indications.

Key topics and requirements

• Scope of application: heated tool, electrofusion, extrusion and hot‑gas welded joints in thermoplastic pipes/plates (5–100 mm); gas‑filled pipes only.
• Fundamental radiographic techniques: film radiography arrangements, exposure techniques, source‑to‑object and source‑to‑film distances, beam alignment and maximum single‑exposure area.
• Image quality control: mandatory use of Image Quality Indicators (IQI) per EN ISO 19232‑1 / 19232‑2; IQI material must match inspected material absorption within ±10% and be clearly identified on the film. Placement guidance (preferably source side, centre of interest) and special rules for panoramic pipe exposures.
• Film systems & processing: guidance on film classification and processing control (EN ISO 11699‑1 / EN ISO 11699‑2) and required radiograph density/processing consistency.
• Operational practices: surface preparation (cleaning, removal of external weld bead where applicable), permanent marking or accurate recording of radiograph location, film overlap requirements, and radiograph identification with lead markers.
• Safety & personnel: strict compliance with ionising radiation safety regulations; note on personnel qualification for radiographic operations.
• Evaluation & reporting: procedures for evaluating IQI visibility, reporting image quality values and indicating the IQI type used. The standard explicitly does not prescribe acceptance levels for defect indications.

Applications and who uses it

• Quality control and inspection of plastic pipe manufacturing, pipe jointing (electrofusion, butt fusion), and plastic plate welds.
• Used by: NDT technicians, inspection bodies, pipe manufacturers, utilities, engineering firms, and QA managers who require standardized X‑ray film procedures for thermoplastic welded joints.
• Useful in compliance, contract specification, and routine production/acceptance testing where film radiography is the chosen NDT method.

Related standards

• EN 25580 (radiographic illuminators)
• EN ISO 11699‑1 / 11699‑2 (industrial radiographic film and processing control)
• EN ISO 19232‑1 / 19232‑2 (image quality / IQI methods)
• Supersedes EN 13100‑2:2004

EN 13100‑2:2019 provides practical, standardized film radiography procedures for reliable examination of thermoplastic welds - essential reading when specifying or performing X‑ray NDT on plastic pipe and plate welds.

Standards Content (Sample)

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-november-2019
Nadomešča:
SIST EN 13100-2:2005
Neporušitveno preskušanje zvarjenih spojev plastomernih polizdelkov - 2. del:
Rentgensko (radiografsko) preskušanje
Non-destructive testing of welded joints in thermoplastics semi-finished products - Part 2:
X-ray radiographic testing
Zerstörungsfreie Prüfung von Schweißverbindungen thermoplastischer Kunststoffe - Teil
2: Röntgenprüfung
Essais non destructifs des assemblages soudés sur produits semi-finis en
thermoplastiques - Partie 2: Contrôle radiographique par rayons X
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 13100-2:2019
ICS:
25.160.40 Varjeni spoji in vari Welded joints and welds
83.140.01 Izdelki iz gume in polimernih Rubber and plastics products
materialov na splošno in general
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

EN 13100-2
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
September 2019
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 25.160.40 Supersedes EN 13100-2:2004
English Version
Non-destructive testing of welded joints in thermoplastics
semi- finished products - Part 2: X-ray radiographic testing
Essais non destructifs des assemblages soudés sur Zerstörungsfreie Prüfung von Schweißverbindungen
produits semi-finis en thermoplastiques - Partie 2: thermoplastischer Kunststoffe - Teil 2:
Contrôle radiographique par rayons X Röntgenprüfung
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 21 July 2019.

CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and
United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2019 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 13100-2:2019 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

Contents Page
European foreword . 3
1 Scope. 4
2 Normative references . 4
3 Terms and definitions . 4
4 Symbols and abbreviations . 5
5 General . 6
5.1 Security measures . 6
5.2 Surface preparation and stage of manufacture . 6
5.3 Location of the weld in the radiograph . 6
5.4 Identification of radiographs . 6
5.5 Marking . 7
5.6 Overlap of films . 7
5.7 Types and position of image quality indicators (IQI) . 7
5.8 Evaluation of image quality . 7
5.9 Minimum image quality values . 8
5.10 Personnel qualification . 8
6 Recommended techniques for making radiographs . 8
6.1 Test arrangements . 8
6.2 Choice of tube voltage . 11
6.3 Film systems and screens . 11
6.4 Alignment of beam. 11
6.5 Source-to-object distance . 12
6.6 Maximum area for a single exposure . 12
6.7 Density of radiograph. 12
6.8 Processing . 12
6.9 Film viewing conditions . 13
7 Examination report .13
Annex A (normative) Minimum image quality values . 15
Annex B (informative) Recommended number of exposures when using the perpendicular, double- wall,
single-image and single-wall off-centre techniques for a circumferential butt weld . 18
Bibliography .20

European foreword
This document (EN 13100-2:2019) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 249 “Plastics”,
the secretariat of which is held by NBN.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by March 2020, and conflicting national standards shall be
withdrawn at the latest by March 2020.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document supersedes EN 13100-2:2004.
In comparison with the previous edition, the following technical modifications have been made:
— updating of the normative references;
— definitions added and consequently editorial modifications in the text and in the figures.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia,
Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland,
Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of North
Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United
Kingdom.
1 Scope
This document specifies fundamental radiographic techniques with film, which enable repeatable results
to be obtained economically.
This document applies to the X-ray radiographic examination of heated tool, electrofusion, extrusion and
hot gas joints in plastics materials.
It applies to joints in solid wall pipes and plates with a range of thicknesses from 5 mm to 100 mm. It only
applies to pipes containing air or other gases at the time of X-ray testing.
This document does not specify acceptance levels of the indications.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 25580, Non-destructive testing - Industrial radiographic illuminators - Minimum requirements
(ISO 5580)
EN ISO 11699-1, Non-destructive testing - Industrial radiographic film - Part 1: Classification of film systems
for industrial radiography (ISO 11699-1)
EN ISO 11699-2, Non-destructive testing - Industrial radiographic films - Part 2: Control of film processing
by means of reference values (ISO 11699-2)
EN ISO 19232-1, Non-destructive testing - Image quality of radiographs - Part 1: Determination of the
image quality value using wire-type image quality indicators (ISO 19232-1)
EN ISO 19232-2, Non-destructive testing - Image quality of radiographs - Part 2: Determination of the
image quality value using step/hole-type image quality indicators (ISO 19232-2)
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
• IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/
• ISO Online browsing platform: available at https://www.iso.org/obp
3.1
nominal thickness
t
nominal thickness of the parent material
Note 1 to entry: Manufacturing tolerances are not taken into account.
3.2
penetrated thickness
w
thickness of material in the direction of the radiation beam including the thickness of the weld beads on
butt fusion joints (if appropriate), or the additional thickness of the socket for electrofusion joints, or the
combined thickness of the top and bottom half of the joint for multiple wall techniques
3.3
object-to-film distance
b
distance between the radiation side of the test object and the film surface, measured along the central
axis of the radiation beam
3.4
source size
d
size of the radiation source
EXAMPLE the focal spot size of the X-ray tube
3.5
source-to-film distance
SFD
distance between the radiation source and the film measured in the direction of the beam
3.6
source-to-object distance
f
distance between the radiation source and the source side of the test object, measured along the central
axis of the radiation beam
3.7
nominal outside diameter
dn
specified outside diameter, in millimetres, assigned to a nominal size DN/OD
[SOURCE: EN 12201-1:2011, 3.1.1.2]
3.8
outside diameter at any point
de
value of the measurement of the outside diameter through its cross-section at any point of the pipe or
spigot end, rounded to the next greater 0,1 mm
[SOURCE: EN 12201-1:2011, 3.1.1.3]
4 Symbols and abbreviations
Symbols and abbreviations are given in Table 1.
Table 1 — Symbols and abbreviations
Symbols and abbreviations Designations Units
b Object-to-film distance mm
d Source size mm
de Outside diameter at any point mm
dn Nominal outside diameter mm
f Source-to-object distance mm
f Minimum source-to-object mm
min
distance
SFD Source-to-film distance mm
t Nominal thickness mm
w Penetrated thickness mm
S Radiation source —
F Film —
α Inclination angle °
SDR dn /t —
5 General
5.1 Security measures
Local or national or international safety precautions when using ionising radiation should be strictly
applied.
WARNING — Exposure of any part of the human body to X-rays can be highly injurious to health.
Wherever X-ray equipment is in use, appropriate legal requirements should be applied.
5.2 Surface preparation and stage of manufacture
Prior to radiography the joint shall be cleaned to remove all traces of dirt etc. from the component surface,
which might later cause difficulty in detecting defects.
In the case of heated tool butt welded pipes, the external weld bead shall be removed prior to
radiography.
5.3 Location of the weld in the radiograph
Where the weld is not likely to be clearly visible on the radiograph, high-density markers (e.g. lead) shall
be placed on either side of the weld before testing.
5.4 Identification of radiographs
Symbols (normally lead markers) shall be affixed to each section of the object being radiographed. The
images of these symbols shall appear in the radiograph outside the region of interest and shall ensure
unambiguous identification of the section.
5.5 Marking
Permanent markings on the object to be examined shall be made in order to accurately locate the position
of each radiograph.
Where the nature of the material and/or its se
...