SIST EN 13236:2019
(Main)Safety requirements for superabrasive products
Safety requirements for superabrasive products
This European Standard only applies to superabrasives products containing natural or synthetic diamond or cBN (cubic boron nitride). It includes precision grinding and cutting-off wheels, non-precision cutting-off wheels, diamond wires, mounted points and other superabrasive products for non-precision grinding. It also applies to reconditioned superabrasive cutting-off wheels.
This European Standard specifies requirements and/or measures for the removal or reduction of hazards resulting from the design and application of the superabrasive products.
This European Standard contains also procedures and tests for verification of the compliance with the requirements as well as safety information for use which is to be made available to the user by the manufacturer.
The hazards taken into consideration are listed in Clause 4.
This European Standard does not apply to bonded abrasive products, coated abrasive products, rotating dressing tools, truers nor any non-rotating superabrasive products.
Sicherheitsanforderungen für Schleifwerkzeuge mit Diamant oder Bornitrid
Diese Europäische Norm wird nur für Schleifwerkzeuge angewendet, die natürliche oder synthetische Diamanten oder CBN (kubisches Bornitrid) enthalten. Das schließt Präzisionsschleif- und Trennschleifscheiben, Trennschleifscheiben zur Bearbeitung von Naturstein und zum Einsatz im Hoch- und Tiefbau, Sägeseile, Schleifstifte und sonstige Schleifwerkzeuge zur Bearbeitung von Naturstein und zum Einsatz im Hoch- und Tiefbau ein. Sie gilt auch für wiederbelegte Trennschleifscheiben.
Diese Europäische Norm legt Anforderungen und/oder Maßnahmen zur Beseitigung oder Verminderung von Gefährdungen fest, die von der Gestaltung und Anwendung der Schleifwerkzeuge mit Diamant oder Bornitrid her¬rühren.
Diese Europäische Norm umfasst auch Verfahren und Prüfungen zur Feststellung der Übereinstimmung mit den Anforderungen sowie Benutzerinformationen, die der Hersteller dem Anwender zur Verfügung zu stellen hat.
Die berücksichtigten Gefährdungen sind in Abschnitt 4 aufgeführt.
Diese Europäische Norm gilt nicht für Schleifkörper aus gebundenem Schleifmittel, Schleifmittel auf Unterlagen, rotierende Abrichtwerkzeuge, Handfeilen und andere nicht rotierende Schleifwerkzeuge mit Diamant oder Bornitrid.
Prescriptions de sécurité pour les produits superabrasifs
La présente Norme européenne s'applique uniquement aux produits superabrasifs contenant du diamant naturel ou synthétique ou du cBN (nitrure de bore cubique). Elle comprend les meules et meules à tronçonner de précision, meules à tronçonner ordinaires, câbles diamantés, meules sur tige et autres produits superabrasifs pour meulage ordinaire. Elle s'applique également aux meules à tronçonner superabrasives reconditionnées.
La présente Norme européenne spécifie les prescriptions et/ou mesures pour la suppression ou la réduction des phénomènes dangereux résultant de la conception et de l'utilisation des produits superabrasifs.
La présente Norme européenne contient également les procédures et essais pour la vérification de la conformité aux prescriptions ainsi que les informations de sécurité pour l'utilisation qui doivent être mises à la disposition de l'utilisateur par le fabricant.
Les phénomènes dangereux pris en considération sont énumérés à l'Article 4.
La présente Norme européenne ne s'applique pas aux produits abrasifs agglomérés, produits abrasifs appliqués, outils à dresser rotatifs, outils à dresser, ni aux produits superabrasifs non rotatifs.
Varnostne zahteve za superabrazive
Ta evropski standard se uporablja le za superabrazive, ki vsebujejo naravne ali sintetične diamante ali kubne borove nitride (cBN). Vključuje plošče za precizno brušenje in rezanje, neprecizne plošče za rezanje, diamantne žice, nameščene konice in druge superabrazive za neprecizno brušenje. Prav tako se uporablja za superabrazivne obnovljene plošče za rezanje.
Ta evropski standard določa zahteve in/ali ukrepe za odpravo ali zmanjševanje nevarnosti, ki so posledica načrtovanja in uporabe superabrazivov.
Ta evropski standard vključuje tudi postopke in preskuse za preverjanje skladnosti z zahtevami in varnostnimi informacijami za uporabo, ki jih mora proizvajalec priskrbeti uporabniku.
Obravnavane nevarnosti so naveden v točki 4.
Ta evropski standard se ne uporablja za vezane abrazive, prevlečene abrazive, rotacijsko orodje za brušenje, brusilce niti za katere koli druge nerotacijske superabrazive.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN 13236:2019
01-oktober-2019
Nadomešča:
SIST EN 13236:2011+A1:2016
Varnostne zahteve za superabrazive
Safety requirements for superabrasive products
Sicherheitsanforderungen für Schleifwerkzeuge mit Diamant oder Bornitrid
Prescriptions de sécurité pour les produits superabrasifs
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 13236:2019
ICS:
25.100.70 Brusiva Abrasives
SIST EN 13236:2019 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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SIST EN 13236:2019
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SIST EN 13236:2019
EN 13236
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
April 2019
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 25.100.70 Supersedes EN 13236:2010+A1:2015
English Version
Safety requirements for superabrasive products
Prescriptions de sécurité pour les produits Sicherheitsanforderungen für Schleifwerkzeuge mit
superabrasifs Diamant oder Bornitrid
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 26 November 2018.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Turkey and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2019 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 13236:2019 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
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SIST EN 13236:2019
EN 13236:2019 (E)
Contents Page
European foreword . 4
Introduction . 5
1 Scope . 6
2 Normative references . 6
3 Terms, definitions and symbols . 6
3.1 General . 6
3.2 Grinding and cutting-off machines . 7
3.3 Grinding and cutting-off methods . 7
3.4 Type of application . 8
3.5 Symbols . 9
4 List of significant hazards . 11
5 Safety requirements . 11
5.1 General requirements . 11
5.2 Requirements for precision superabrasive grinding and cutting-off wheels . 12
5.2.1 Bore tolerances . 12
5.2.2 Sequence of maximum operating speeds . 12
5.2.3 Safety factors. 12
5.2.4 Maximum operating speeds . 12
5.2.5 Blotters . 13
5.3 Requirements for non-precision cutting-off wheels . 13
5.3.1 Bore tolerances . 13
5.3.2 Sequence of maximum operating speeds . 13
5.3.3 Safety factors. 14
5.3.4 Maximum operating speeds . 14
5.3.5 Requirements for the blank . 15
5.3.6 Requirements for the connection of the superabrasive section to the blank . 19
5.3.7 Tensioning of non-precision cutting-off wheels . 21
5.3.8 Limitation of side coating of abrasive grain and/or superabrasive grain . 21
5.4 Requirements for diamond wires . 21
5.4.1 General . 21
5.4.2 Requirements . 22
5.4.3 Maximum operating speeds . 22
5.5 Requirements for mounted points . 22
5.5.1 Spindle diameter tolerances . 22
5.5.2 Sequence of maximum operating speeds . 22
5.5.3 Safety factors. 23
5.6 Requirements for other superabrasive products for non-precision grinding . 23
5.6.1 Bore diameter tolerances . 23
5.6.2 Sequence of maximum operating speeds . 23
5.6.3 Safety factors. 23
5.6.4 Maximum operating speeds . 23
5.6.5 Requirements for the connection of the abrasive section to the core . 24
5.7 Marking . 24
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6 Verification of the safety requirements . 24
6.1 Verification of the general requirements . 24
6.1.1 General . 24
6.1.2 Visual inspection . 25
6.1.3 Ring test . 25
6.2 Verification of the strength requirements . 25
6.2.1 Verification of the safety factor . 25
6.2.2 Verification of the bending moment of non-precision cutting-off wheels . 25
6.2.3 Verification of the strength requirements for other superabrasive products for non-
precision grinding . 29
6.2.4 Verification methods for diamond wires . 30
6.3 Verification of marking . 33
6.4 Verification of the requirements for blotters . 33
6.5 Verification of the tensioning of non-precision cutting-off wheels . 33
7 Information for use . 35
Annex A (normative) Marking . 36
A.1 Content of the marking . 36
A.1.1 Marking requirements . 36
A.1.2 Additional inscriptions . 39
A.1.2.1 General . 39
A.1.2.2 Multiple or gang mounted wheels . 39
A.2 Execution of marking . 39
Annex B (informative) Mounted points . 41
B.1 Example of calculation of the maximum permissible speed of rotation . 41
B.2 Example for the application of the calculation method . 45
B.2.1 Types of mounted points . 45
B.2.2 Assumptions for the calculation . 46
B.2.3 Maximum permissible speeds of rotation . 47
Annex C (normative) Reconditioning of cutting-off wheels according to 5.3.6.4 . 49
C.1 Preconditions for reconditioning . 49
C.2 Additional marking requirements . 49
Annex D (informative) Speed conversion table . 50
Bibliography . 53
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SIST EN 13236:2019
EN 13236:2019 (E)
European foreword
This document (EN 13236:2019) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 143 “Machine
tools — Safety”, the secretariat of which is held by SNV.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by October 2019, and conflicting national standards shall
be withdrawn at the latest by October 2019.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document supersedes EN 13236:2010+A1:2015.
Significant changes between EN 13236:2010+A1:2015 and EN 13236:2019 are as follows:
a) added the hazard “kickback” in Table 4;
b) added vacuum brazed products in Table 6 for maximum operating speeds;
c) added mobile cutting-off machines in Table 10;
d) revised the definitions and requirements for openings to achieve a better distinction and to avoid
different interpretations;
e) merged the tables for bending strength and bending moment for cutting-off wheels for the use on
hand-held cutting-off machines into one table and updated the values for minimum requirements
for destructive testing.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria,
Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia,
France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta,
Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Turkey and the United Kingdom.
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EN 13236:2019 (E)
Introduction
This European Standard has been prepared to provide one means of conforming with essential safety
requirements, e.g. of the General Product Safety Directive and associated EFTA regulations.
This European Standard is addressed to designers, manufacturers and suppliers of the superabrasive
products described in the scope as well as to those who are reconditioning superabrasive cutting-off
wheels. In addition, it helps designers, manufacturers and suppliers of grinding machines in the
selection of superabrasive products, in order to reduce the risks and achieve conformity of the
respective machinery with the essential health and safety requirements of the Machinery Directive.
The extent to which hazards are covered is indicated in the scope of this European Standard.
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EN 13236:2019 (E)
1 Scope
This document applies to superabrasives products containing natural or synthetic diamond or cBN
(cubic boron nitride). It includes precision grinding and cutting-off wheels, non-precision cutting-off
wheels, diamond wires, mounted points and other superabrasive products for non-precision grinding. It
also applies to reconditioned superabrasive cutting-off wheels.
This document specifies requirements and/or measures for the removal or reduction of hazards
resulting from the design and application of the superabrasive products.
This document contains also procedures and tests for verification of the compliance with the
requirements as well as safety information for use, which will be made available to the user by the
manufacturer.
This document does not apply to bonded abrasive products, coated abrasive products, rotating dressing
tools, truers or any non-rotating superabrasive products.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
EN ISO 286-2:2010, Geometrical product specifications (GPS) - ISO code system for tolerances on linear
sizes - Part 2: Tables of standard tolerance classes and limit deviations for holes and shafts (ISO 286-
2:2010)
ISO 22917, Precision superabrasives — Limit deviations and run-out tolerances for grinding wheels with
diamond or cubic boron nitride
3 Terms, definitions and symbols
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
• IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/
• ISO Online browsing platform: available at http://www.iso.org/obp
3.1 General
3.1.1
superabrasive product
abrasive product containing natural or synthetic diamond or cubic boron nitride in a bond
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3.2 Grinding and cutting-off machines
3.2.1
stationary machine
machine being fixed in position during operation
Note 1 to entry: See, for example, EN ISO 16089.
Note 2 to entry: Included are fixed swing frame machines and mobile machines clamped firmly in position
during use.
Note 3 to entry: Transportable machines are fixed in position during operation and therefore considered to be
stationary machines.
3.2.2
stationary machine with totally enclosed working area
stationary machine being protected by separating guards in such a way that machining processes
including loading and unloading of workpieces are carried out inside them and persons are protected
against hazards generated by bursting of an abrasive product
3.2.3
mobile machine
machine not being fixed in position during operation
Note 1 to entry: Mobile machines are manually guided (but not hand-held) by the operator during use, e.g. floor
grinding machines.
3.2.4
hand-held machine
machine being held in the hand during operation
Note 1 to entry: Included are machines with flexible drives.
Note 2 to entry: See for example EN ISO 11148-7, EN ISO 11148-9, EN 60745-2-3 and EN ISO 19432.
3.3 Grinding and cutting-off methods
3.3.1
peripheral grinding
grinding with the periphery of the wheel with no or limited side loads
3.3.2
face grinding
grinding with the face of the wheel
3.3.3
cutting-off
cutting-off or slotting with the periphery of the cutting-off wheel
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3.4 Type of application
3.4.1
mechanically guided grinding and cutting-off
process with feed movements of the abrasive product and/or workpiece guided by mechanical means
Note 1 to entry: See Table 1.
3.4.2
manually guided grinding and cutting-off
process with feed movements of the abrasive product and/or the workpiece manually guided by the
operator
Note 1 to entry: See Table 1.
3.4.3
hand-held grinding and cutting-off
process with the machine entirely guided by the operator
Note 1 to entry: See Table 1.
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Table 1 — Type of application
Super-
Grinding Type of Type of Examples for
abrasive Workpiece
method machine application application/machines
product
Surface grinding, centerless
mechanically grinding, creep feed grinding,
fixed
guided bevel grinding on glass (glass
bevelling machine)
mechanically Profile grinding of stone and
stationary mechanically fixed
guided concrete
grinding guided
machines grinding Internal grinding, external,
plunge and traverse grinding, jig
mechanically mechanically grinding, decorative stone
guided guided milling and polishing, pencil
edging of glass (automotive
grinding
glass)
Roughing and polishing of stone
manually
fixed floors (carriage/floor grinding
stationary
guided
manually
machine)
and mobile
guided
grinding
Tool grinding (bench grinding
grinding
manually
machines
fixed machine), decorative glass
guided
grinding
hand-held Stone and concrete milling and
hand-held manually
grinding fixed polishing (angle/straight
grinding guided
machines grinder)
mechanically Cutting-off of bricks and tiles
fixed
guided (table saw)
stationary mechanically Cutting-off of stone and concrete
mechanically
cutting-off guided fixed (bridge-type saw, floor and wall
guided
machines cutting-off saw, wire saw)
mechanically mechanically
Cutting-off of semi-conductors
guided guided
cutting-
off
manually Cutting-off of stone and concrete
stationary
fixed
manually
guided (table saw, floor saw)
and mobile
guided
cutting-off
manually
cutting-off
fixed Cutting-off of bricks (table saw)
machines
guided
hand-held Cutting-off of stone and concrete
hand-held manually
cutting-off fixed (angle grinder, hand-held
cutting-off guided
machines cutting-off machine)
3.5 Symbols
For the purposes of this document, the symbols listed in Table 2 and Table 3 apply.
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Table 2 — Symbols
Symbol Designation Definition Unit
Bursting speed divided by maximum
operating speed:
f
burst speed factor —
br
v
br
f =
br
v
s
Revolutions per minute at which the
deflection speed of
n
spindle of mounted points is deflecting 1/min
ab
mounted points
under centrifugal force
Revolutions per minute of a new
maximum permissible
n
abrasive product at maximum 1/min
max
speed of rotation
operating speed
Deflection speed divided by maximum
permissible speed of rotation:
safety factor against
S
spindle deflection for —
ab
n
ab
mounted points
S =
ab
n
max
Bursting speed divided by maximum
operating speed, all squared:
safety factor against
S
bursting due to centrifugal —
2
br
v
br
force
S =
br
v
s
Maximum permissible peripheral
v
maximum operating speed m/s
s
speed of a rotating abrasive product
Peripheral speed at which an abrasive
v
bursting speed product breaks due to centrifugal m/s
br
force
Peripheral speed which an abrasive
v
minimum bursting speed product shall at least reach without m/s
br,min
bursting due to centrifugal force
Table 3 — Other symbols
Symbol Designation Unit
F force N
F
shearing force N
A
L
lever arm mm
F
M
bending moment Nm
b
2
σ
bending strength N/mm
b
2
τ
shear strength N/mm
S
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4 List of significant hazards
The significant hazards are listed in Table 4.
Table 4 — List of significant hazards
Hazard designation Hazardous situations Relevant clauses in this standard
(Examples)
Ejection of parts 1. Abrasive product breakage —
caused by:
— improper design 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 5.4, 5.5, 5.6, 5.7,
Annex B and Annex C
— manufacturing defects 5.1
— wrong selection Clause 7, Annex A
— improper handling and storage Clause 7
— improper use (mounting and Clause 7
grinding process)
2. Grinding debris Clause 7
Vibration Hand arm vibration on hand- —
held machines caused by:
— improper use Clause 7
— incorrect mounting Clause 7
Kickback Kickback effect of cutting-off —
wheels on hand-held
machines caused by:
— improper use Clause 7
— wobbling of cutting-off wheels 5.3.7
due to wrong tensioning
— side coating of cutting-off 5.3.8
wheels
5 Safety requirements
5.1 General requirements
Superabrasive products shall be designed and manufactured in such a way that they resist the forces
and loads that are to be expected when used as intended. They shall not present visible defects affecting
safety and shall comply with the requirements listed in the following clauses.
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5.2 Requirements for precision superabrasive grinding and cutting-off wheels
5.2.1 Bore tolerances
The tolerance class for bores on precision superabrasive grinding and cutting-off wheels is given in
ISO 22917.
5.2.2 Sequence of maximum operating speeds
Precision superabrasive grinding and cutting-off wheels shall be manufactured for maximum operating
speeds according to the following sequence:
< 16 — 20 — 25 — 32 — 35 — 40 — 45 — 50 — 63 — 80 — 100 — 125 — 140 — 160 — 180 — 200
— 225 — 250 — 280 — 320 in m/s.
Intermediate maximum operating speeds should only be used where the application requirements
demand it.
NOTE For conversion of peripheral speeds into speeds of rotation for different outside diameters D of the
abrasive product, see Annex D.
5.2.3 Safety factors
Precision superabrasive grinding and cutting-off wheels shall have a safety factor against bursting due
to centrifugal forces at their maximum operating speed as given in Table 5.
Table 5 — Safety factors for precision superabrasive grinding and cutting-off wheels
Maximum
Type of machine Type of application Safety factor Burst speed factor
operating speed
v S f
s br br
m/s
mechanically
guided grinding ≤ 80 3,0 1,73
and cutting-off
mechanically
stationary
guided grinding
machines
and cutting-off
≤ 320 1,75 1,32
with totally
enclosed working
area
manually guided ≤ 63 3,0 1,73
stationary and
grinding and
mobile machines
80 3,5 1,87
cutting-off
5.2.4 Maximum operating speeds
Precision superabrasive grinding and cutting-off wheels shall comply with the classification of the
sequence of maximum operating speeds in 5.2.2 up to the maximum values given in Table 6.
In the totally enclosed working area, the maximum operating speeds given in Table 6 may be exceeded,
if the safety factor required in Table 5 is complied with.
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Table 6 — Maximum operating speeds as a function of the bond type
Maximum operating speed
v
s
m/s
Core Abrasive section
Single layer:
electroplated
Vitrified Resinoid Metal
and vacuum
V B M brazed
G
Manufactured on core, e.g.
— 100 100 200
sintered or electroplated
Metal
Connected to core, e.g.
180 80 100 —
cemented, screwed,
clamped, brazed or welded
Manufactured on core, e.g.
— 100 — —
pressed
Resinoid
Connected to core, e.g.
80 80 80 80
cemented, screwed, clamped
Manufactured on core, e.g.
80 — — —
pressed
Vitrified
Connected to core, e.g.
80 80 80 —
cemented, screwed, clamped
5.2.5 Blotters
Blotters shall be supplied by the manufacturer, supplier or importer where these are required for a safe
mounting and use of the superabrasive product.
Blotters shall be made of suitable compressible material. Shape, dimensions and material shall be
adapted to application and intended use. When water-based coolants are used the blotter material shall
not be affected in the way that it loses its compressibility and physical function.
Blotters can serve as a label for the marking provided the marking requirements of this standard are
met and the blotter is firmly attached to the wheel.
5.3 Requirements for non-precision cutting-off wheels
5.3.1 Bore tolerances
The tolerance class for bores for non-precision cutting-off wheels is H9 as per EN ISO 286-2:2010.
5.3.2 Sequence of maximum operating speeds
Non-precision cutting-off wheels shall be manufactured for maximum operating speeds conforming to
the following sequence:
20 — 25 — 32 — 35 — 40 — 45 — 50 — 63 — 80 — 100 in m/s.
Intermediate maximum operating speeds should only be used where the application requirements
demand it.
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NOTE For co
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