SIST-TP CEN/TR 12101-4:2009
(Main)Smoke and heat control systems - Part 4: Installed SHEVS systems for smoke and heat ventilation
Smoke and heat control systems - Part 4: Installed SHEVS systems for smoke and heat ventilation
This Technical Report applies to SHEVS when installed in a building. This Technical Report specifies the ability of the system to meet the required performances of the SHEVS as specified by the design of the system. This Technical Report is to help to translate the detailed engineering plan into an installed system, but it does not state how the design is made. This Technical Report also covers requirements for components and compatibility between components to ensure that the requirements on the installed system will be met. This Technical report includes requirements for the assembly, installation, commissioning, function testing, maintenance, periodic servicing and routine testing of SHEVS.
Rauch- und Wärmefreihaltung - Teil 4: Anlagen zur Rauch- und Wärmefreihaltung im eingebauten Zustand
Systèmes pour le contrôle des fumées et de la chaleur - Partie 4 : Systèmes SEFCV installés pour l'évacuation de fumées et de chaleur par ventilation
Le présent Rapport Technique s’applique aux SEFCV lorsqu’ils sont installés dans un bâtiment. Le présent
Rapport technique spécifie la capacité du système à satisfaire aux performances requises des SEFCV, tel
que spécifié par la conception du système. Le présent Rapport Technique exige qu’une conception technique
détaillée existe, mais il ne spécifie pas la manière dont cette conception est réalisée. Le présent Rapport
Technique traite également des exigences relatives aux composants et à la compatibilité entre les
composants permettant de garantir que les exigences relatives au système installé soient satisfaites. Le
présent Rapport Technique comprend les exigences relatives au montage, à l'installation, à la mise en
service, aux essais de fonctionnement, à la maintenance, à l’entretien périodique et aux essais périodiques
d'un SEFCV.
Sistemi za nadzor dima in toplote - 4. del: Vgrajeni sistemi »SHEVS« za odvod dima in toplote s prezračevanjem
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-april-2009
1DGRPHãþD
SIST-TP CEN/TR 12101-4:2007
6LVWHPL]DQDG]RUGLPDLQWRSORWHGHO 9JUDMHQLVLVWHPLª6+(96©]DRGYRG
GLPDLQWRSORWHVSUH]UDþHYDQMHP
Smoke and heat control systems - Part 4: Installed SHEVS systems for smoke and heat
ventilation
Rauch- und Wärmefreihaltung - Teil 4: Anlagen zur Rauch- und Wärmefreihaltung im
eingebauten Zustand
Systèmes pour le contrôle des fumées et de la chaleur - Partie 4 : Systèmes SEFCV
installés pour l'évacuation de fumées et de chaleur par ventilation
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: CEN/TR 12101-4:2009
ICS:
13.220.20 3RåDUQD]DãþLWD Fire protection
91.140.30 3UH]UDþHYDOQLLQNOLPDWVNL Ventilation and air-
VLVWHPL conditioning
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
TECHNICAL REPORT
CEN/TR 12101-4
RAPPORT TECHNIQUE
TECHNISCHER BERICHT
January 2009
ICS 13.220.99
English Version
Smoke and heat control systems - Part 4: Installed SHEVS
systems for smoke and heat ventilation
Systèmes pour le contrôle des fumées et de la chaleur - Rauch- und Wärmefreihaltung - Teil 4: Anlagen zur Rauch-
Partie 4 : Systèmes SEFCV installés pour l'évacuation de und Wärmefreihaltung im eingebauten Zustand
fumées et de chaleur par ventilation
This Technical Report was approved by CEN on 9 September 2008. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee CEN/TC 191.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,
France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,
Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels
© 2009 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. CEN/TR 12101-4:2009: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
Contents Page
Foreword .5
Introduction .6
1 Scope .7
2 Normative references .7
3 Terms and definitions .8
4 Description of the principles of operation for smoke and heat control sytems . 11
4.1 Smoke and heat control systems which rely on the principle of the creation of a smoke
layer . 11
4.1.1 Smoke layers exhausted by natural vents . 11
4.1.2 Layers of smoke exhausted by powered vents . 11
4.2 Smoke free areas by differential pressure systems. 11
4.3 Air renewal of the room with fresh air by dilution of smoke . 11
5 Description of the combination of products for construction of SHEVS . 12
5.1 General . 12
5.2 General requirements . 12
5.3 Requirements for smoke layer systems with natural ventilators . 13
5.4 Requirements for smoke layer systems with powered ventilators . 13
5.4.1 Requirements for power supplies for powered smoke and heat exhaust ventilation
systems . 13
5.4.2 Requirements for powered smoke and heat exhaust systems . 14
5.5 Requirements for smoke free area systems by differential pressure . 14
5.6 Requirements for smoke control by air renewal of the room with fresh air by dilution of
smoke . 14
6 Air Inlet . 14
6.1 General requirements . 14
6.2 Fire behaviour requirements . 15
6.2.1 Performance parameters under fire conditions . 15
6.2.2 Reaction to fire . 15
6.2.3 Resistance to fire . 15
6.3 Geometric areas for natural air inlets . 15
7 Tubes, cables and accessories . 16
7.1 General requirements . 16
7.2 Fire behaviour requirements . 16
7.2.1 Performance parameters under fire conditions . 16
7.2.2 Reaction to fire of cables and tubes . 17
7.2.3 Resistance to fire of cables and tubes . 17
7.3.2 Requirements for electrical supplies . 17
7.3.3 Isolators and switches on power lines . 17
7.3.4 Enclosures for electrical components. 17
7.3.5 Extra low voltage operated components . 17
7.3.6 Sizing of electrical cables and related equipment . 17
7.4 Requirements for pneumatic supplies . 18
7.4.1 Requirements for pneumatic supplies using compressors . 18
7.4.2 Requirements for pneumatic lines . 18
7.4.3 Mechanical cables . 18
8 Requirements for installation . 18
8.1 General requirements for installation . 18
8.2 Requirements for installation of a SHEVS . 18
8.3 Requirements for installation of power supplies . 19
8.4 Requirements for installation of controls . 19
8.5 Access to components . 19
8.6 Requirements for installation of powered SHEVS . 20
8.7 Requirements for installation of air inlets . 20
8.8 General requirements for installation of smoke barriers . 20
8.8.1 Fastenings and adjacent surfaces . 20
8.8.2 Maximum gaps . 20
8.8.3 Response time . 21
8.9 Functional test . 21
9 Handing-over and commissioning . 21
9.1 Requirements for commissioning of the system . 21
9.2 Requirements for acceptance report of the system . 22
9.3 Technical information report . 22
9.4 Specific requirements for powered smoke ventilation systems . 22
10 Routine checking . 23
11 Maintenance . 23
11.1 General . 23
11.2 Scope of maintenance . 23
11.3 Functional test . 23
11.4 Maintenance operations . 23
11.5 Availability . 23
Annex A (normative) Pneumatic system leakage testing . 25
Annex B (normative) Air flow measurements . 26
B.1 Air flow requirements in powered ventilation systems . 26
B.2 Measurement of air flow for ducted systems . 26
B.2.1 Selection of measurement method . 26
B.2.2 Selection of cross section . 26
B.2.3 Measurement of air flow . 26
Annex C (informative) Drawings of example systems . 27
Annex D (informative) Detailed engineering plan . 38
D.1 Detailed engineering plan for smoke flow and pressure control within the premises . 38
D.1.1 General . 38
D.1.2 Requirements for SHEVS intended to form a smoke layer . 38
D.1.3 Requirements for natural smoke and heat exhaust ventilation systems . 38
D.1.4 Requirements for powered smoke exhaust systems . 39
D.1.5 Functioning and requirements for differential pressure systems . 39
D.1.6 Requirements for differential pressure systems . 39
D.2 Requirements for assembly, commissioning, inspection, testing and maintenance of
natural smoke exhaust systems . 40
Annex E (informative) Requirements specific to powered smoke exhaust systems (powered fans,
dampers, ducts etc) – Mounting and testing . 41
E.1 Requirements for mounting and commissioning . 41
E.1.1 General . 41
E.1.2 Mounting of powered smoke and heat exhaust systems . 41
E.1.3 Mounting of the operating devices . 43
E.1.4 Mounting of control devices and circuits . 43
E.1.5 Mounting of components of powered smoke exhaust systems . 45
E.2 Requirements for acceptance and testing . 46
E.2.1 General . 46
E.2.2 Acceptance and testing of powered smoke and heat exhaust system . 47
E.3 Requirements for routine checking . 49
E.4 Requirements for maintenance . 50
E.4.1 General . 50
E.4.2 Scope of maintenance . 50
E.4.3 Functional test . 50
E.4.4 Maintenance operations . 50
E.4.5 Availability . 50
Bibliography . 51
Foreword
This document (CEN/TR 12101-4:2009) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 191 “Fixed
firefighting systems”, the secretariat of which is held by BSI.
This European document (Technical Report) has the general title "Smoke and heat control systems" and
consists of the following separate parts:
Part 1: Specifications for smoke barriers
Part 2: Specification for natural smoke and heat exhaust ventilators
Part 3: Specification for powered smoke and heat exhaust ventilators
Part 4: Installed SHEVS systems for smoke and heat ventilation
Part 5: Guidelines on functional recommendations and calculation methods for smoke and heat exhaust
ventilation systems (published as CEN/TR 12101-5)
Part 6: Specification for pressure differential systems - Kits
Part 7: Smoke control ducts
Part 8: Smoke control dampers
Part 9: Control panels
Part 10: Power supplies
Introduction
Smoke and heat exhaust ventilation systems (SHEVS) create a smoke free layer above the floor by removing
smoke and thus improve the conditions for the safe escape and/or rescue of people and animals. It
contributes to the protection of property and permits the fire to be fought while still in its early stages. They
also exhaust hot gases released by a fire in the developing stage.
The use of smoke and heat exhaust ventilation systems to create smoke free areas beneath a buoyant smoke
layer has become widespread. Their value in assisting in the evacuation of people from construction works,
reducing fire damage and financial loss by preventing smoke logging, facilitating fire fighting, reducing roof
temperatures and retarding the lateral spread of fire is firmly established. For these benefits to be obtained it
is essential that smoke and heat exhaust ventilators operate fully and reliably whenever called upon to do so
during their installed life. A heat and smoke exhaust ventilation system is a scheme of safety equipment
intended to perform a positive role in a fire emergency.
Components for smoke and heat exhaust ventilation systems should be installed as part of a properly
designed smoke and heat exhaust ventilation system.
Smoke and heat exhaust ventilation systems help to:
keep the escape and access routes free from smoke;
facilitate fire fighting operations by creating a smoke free layer;
delay and/or prevent flashover and thus full development of the fire;
protect equipment and furnishings;
reduce thermal effects on structural components during a fire;
reduce damages caused by thermal decomposition products and hot gases.
A powered smoke exhaust system can also be used for the realisation of the following purposes:
creation of a negative pressure differential facing the direction of escape for the prevention of the spread
of smoke;
local dilution of smoke within occupied zones.
Natural smoke and heat exhaust ventilators are devices fitted into the roof and/or upper walls of a construction
works to allow smoke and fire gases to be exhausted from the construction works when driven by thermal
buoyancy inherent in those gases. It is essential that they are able to open, and/or to remain open in the event
of a fire and to fulfil their function even when climatic and weather conditions are unfavourable.
Depending on the building geometry and siting of the building with regard to neighbouring buildings, and
design criteria, natural smoke and heat exhaust ventilators can be used instead of powered smoke and heat
ventilators.
This Technical Report sets down the testing requirements for the system when installed to ensure that it
operates in a safe and reliable manner. Commissioning, periodic maintenance and servicing requirements are
stated as well as the users’ responsibilities for ensuring that the system is always for use in case of fire.
Components of the SHEVS should be designed or chosen to meet the specific performance requirement of
the system.
Without proper installation of all of its components, the SHEVS could not operate correctly nor meet the
performance targets for which it has been designed.
Commissioning is necessary to check the SHEVS operates in accordance with its design. The system has to
be permanently available for operation. This can only be achieved when checked and maintained.
1 Scope
This Technical Report applies to SHEVS when installed in a building. This Technical Report specifies the
ability of the system to meet the required performances of the SHEVS as specified by the design of the
system. This Technical Report is to help to translate the detailed engineering plan into an installed system, but
it does not state how the design is made. This Technical Report also covers requirements for components and
compatibility between components to ensure that the requirements on the installed system will be met. This
Technical report includes requirements for the assembly, installation, commissioning, function testing,
maintenance, periodic servicing and routine testing of SHEVS.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 1366-8, Fire resistance tests for service installations — Part 8: Smoke extraction ducts
EN 1366-9, Fire resistance tests for service installations — Part 9: Single compartment smoke extraction
ducts
prEN 1366-10, Fire resistance tests for service installations — Part 10: Smoke control dampers
EN 12101-1, Smoke and heat control systems — Part 1: Specification for smoke barriers
EN 12101-2, Smoke and heat control systems — Part 2: Specification for natural smoke and heat exhaust
ventilators
EN 12101-3, Smoke and heat control systems — Part 3: Specification for powered smoke and heat exhaust
ventilators
EN 12101-6. Smoke and heat control systems — Part 6: Specification for pressure differential systems — Kits
prEN 12101-9, Smoke and heat control systems — Part 9: Control panels
EN 12101-10, Smoke and heat control systems — Part 10: Power supplies
EN 13501-1, Fire classification of construction products and building elements — Part 1: Classification using
test data from reaction to fire tests
EN 13501-2, Fire classification of construction products and building elements — Part 2: Classification using
data from fire resistance tests, excluding ventilation services
EN 13501-3, Fire classification of construction products and building elements — Part 3: Classification using
data from fire resistance tests on products and elements used in building service installations: fire resisting
ducts and fire dampers
EN 13501-4, Fire classification of construction products and building elements — Part 4: Classification using
data from fire resistance tests on components of smoke control systems
EN 60529, Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (IP code) (IEC 60529:1989)
EN ISO 5167-1, Measurement of fluid flow by means of pressure differential devices inserted in circular cross-
section conduits running full — Part 1: General principles and requirements (ISO 5167-1:2003)
ISO 2408, Steel wire ropes for general purposes — Minimum requirements
ISO 5168, Measurement of fluid flow — Procedures for the evaluation of uncertainties
ISO 5221, Air distribution and air diffusion — Rules to methods of measuring air flow rate in an air handling
duct
ISO 5801, Industrial fans — Performance testing using standardized airways
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply (see also Annex C).
3.1
access level
level of restriction for qualified persons of the access to specific equipment of a component
3.2
air inlet
opening, either permanent or created by operation of a special device, connected to outside air to allow the
inlet of air from outside the construction works
3.3
automatic activation
initiation of operation of the smoke and heat venting installation without manual action
3.4
automatic and manual activation
initiation of operation of the smoke and heat venting installation, which is both automatic and manual
3.5
commissioning
act of ensuring that all components and the system are installed and operating in accordance with this
Technical Report and in accordance with the design specifications.
3.6
component
component of a SHEVS is a complete product which is part of the SHEVS: ventilator, air inlet, electric cable,
silencer, etc.
3.7
control panel
device containing control and/or release devices, manual and/or automatic, used to operate the system
3.8
detailed engineering plan (DEP)
document produced by the SHEVS designer giving technical specifications of the system, from which, by
means of a detailed engineering plan, the specifications for the system may be derived. It includes details of
controls, mode tables of how the system is to operate with particular design fires and the siting of components
(see Annex D)
3.9
fire compartment
enclosed space, comprising one or more separate spaces, bounded by elements of construction having a
specified fire resistance and intended to prevent the spread of fire (in either direction) for a given period of
time
NOTE “Fire compartment” often has regulatory connotations. The term should not be confused with "room of origin"
or "fire cell".
3.10
fire position, fire open position (where appropriate)
position of a component to be reached and maintained while the SHEVS is venting smoke and heat
3.11
geometric area (A )
v
area of the opening through a ventilator, measured in the plane defined by the surface of the construction
works, where it contacts the structure of the ventilator. No reduction will be made for controls, louvres or other
obstructions (see Annex C, Figure C.1)
3.12
initiation device
device which activates the operating mechanism of the component (e.g. of a smoke control damper or
ventilator) on receipt of information from a fire or smoke detection system or thermal device
3.13
input/output characteristics
characteristics of a component of a SHEVS at the interface with other components of the SHEVS, such as
voltage, current, frequency, impedance, power, pressure, speed, diameter or flow rate
3.14
manually initiated smoke and heat exhaust ventilation system
smoke and heat exhaust ventilation system which is initiated by human actions after the outbreak of fire (e.g.
by pressing a button or pulling a handle) leading to a sequence of automatic actions in the operation of the
SHEVS
3.15
natural ventilation
ventilation caused by buoyancy forces due to differences in density of the gases because of temperature
differences (see Annex C, Figure C.2)
3.16
operating time
maximum period between the signal to operate being received by the SHEVS and the achievement of the fire
position by the smoke zone of the SHEVS with the most unfavourable route
3.17
powered ventilation
ventilation caused by the positive displacement of gases through a ventilator
NOTE Fans are usually used.
3.18
response time
period between the signal to operate being received by the component (e.g. a control panel, ventilator or
smoke control damper) and the achievement of the fire position by the component
3.19
secondary power supply
power supply to operate the system when the normal power supply has failed
3.20
smoke and heat control system
arrangement of components installed in a construction works to limit the effects of smoke and heat from a fire
3.21
smoke and heat exhaust system
system which exhausts smoke and heat from a fire in a construction works or part of a construction works
3.22
smoke and heat exhaust ventilation system (SHEVS)
set of components jointly selected to exhaust smoke and heat in order to establish a buoyant layer of warm
gases above cooler, cleaner air
3.23
smoke and heat exhaust ventilator (SHEV)
device specially designed to move smoke and hot gases out of a construction works under conditions of fire
3.24
smoke control damper
device which may be opened or closed to control the flow of smoke and hot gases. It may have the following
positions:
Fire position: open (to exhaust smoke from fire compartment);
closed (to avoid spreading of smoke in other zones);
Standby position: closed.
3.25
smoke and heat exhaust duct
products used to channel the gases to and from the smoke and heat exhaust ventilator
3.26
smoke layer
layer of smoke which stabilizes underneath the roof due to the affect of temperature gradient
3.27
smoke reservoir
volume within a construction works limited or bordered by the ceiling and smoke barriers or structural
elements so as to retain a thermally buoyant smoke layer in the event of a fire (see Figure C2, Annex C)
3.28
smoke zone
room or a division of a room of a construction works for the extraction of smoke and hot gases. Each zone is
served by a SHEVS, (or sub system of a SHEVS), which is initiated by a signal from a single device or group
of initiation devices associated with the zone. A zone contains at least one smoke reservoir
3.29
stand by position
state of a component ready for operation
3.30
thermal device
temperature sensitive device which responds to initiate a subsequent action
4 Description of the principles of operation for smoke and heat control sytems
There are three principles for smoke control in construction works.
4.1 Smoke and heat control systems which rely on the principle of the creation of a smoke
layer
4.1.1 Smoke layers exhausted by natural vents
The needed area of vents is measured by the free area for each zone. For efficiency of the SHEVS, the
maximum area of a smoke zone should not exceed 1 600 m .
Air inlets have to be provided to allow for the replacement of smoke by fresh air:
with opening in roofs
The efficiency of the vents is measured by their aerodynamic free area: A m².
a
There should be at least one ventilator for 200 m² of floor area.
with opening in side-wall
The efficiency of the vents is measured by their aerodynamic free area: A m².
a
Wall mounted ventilators have to be installed on at least two different sides of the building and be monitored
by wind direction control system.
4.1.2 Layers of smoke exhausted by powered vents
Smoke and heat exhaust systems in buildings provide the possibility to remove the design amount of
thermally buoyant smoky gases at high level, creating in the compartment or smoke zone a smoke layer
floating above a cold and relatively smoke-free layer formed from cold air entering through inlets.
The efficiency of the powered vents is measured by the capacity of the vents measured in m³/s.
The number of exhaust openings needed is determined as a function of the location and its geometry.
Supply of air has to be provided to allow for the replacement of smoke by fresh air. The supply air has to be
provided at a speed in accordance with the DEP and to match the needs of the largest exhaust from any
potentially affected smoke zone.
4.2 Smoke free areas by differential pressure systems
This system is specified in EN 12101-6, therefore, it is only given for information and not covered by this
Technical Report.
4.3 Air renewal of the room with fresh air by dilution of smoke
The efficiency of the sytem is measured by its capacity in m³/s.
NOTE This type of principle has to be considered to fight smoke and heat.
Dilution systems are brought to the place in case of a fire and do not create a free layer, therefore they are
outside the scope of this Technical Report which deals with systems permanently in place and creates a layer
relatively free of smoke.
5 Description of the combination of products for construction of SHEVS
5.1 General
The basic input to define the SHEVS, which will be used to determine the combination of products for
construction of a SHEV, is the detailed engineering plan. The purpose and content of the detailed engineering
plan are described in Annex D.
This is valid for any principle of smoke ventilation.
The detailed engineering plan (DEP) should be approved by the appropriate authority.
5.2 General requirements
The three principles of smoke control described in 4.1 to 4.3 should not be mixed within one room.
In the case of the layer system, natural extraction should not be mixed with powered extraction in one smoke
zone.
Before installation, there should be a detailed engineering plan prepared in accordance with the design
requirements and regulations valid in the place of use of the SHEVS.
The performance, the position of the components, the height of the smoke barriers and of the air inlets in
regard to the level of the smoke layer are important factors, they should be in accordance with the DEP.
A failure of a component should only affect the operation of that component.
Any use of the smoke and heat ventilation system for a purpose other than the ventilation of heat and smoke
under fire conditions should not prevent the smoke and heat exhaust ventilation system from performing its
design function when required. The ventilation of heat and smoke under fire conditions should have priority on
any other use of the system.
It should only be possible to reset a component from the fire position to the standby position by a manual
operation.
Where one or more devices form part of the control system, components should only be controlled by signals
coming from that control system.
All components covered by a Part of EN 12101 should be in accordance with the relevant Part. Smoke
barriers, natural or powered smoke and heat ventilators, dampers, ducts, control panels and power supplies
should be in accordance with EN 12101-1 and EN 12101-2, EN 12101-3 and EN 12101 Parts 7, 8, 9 and 10
respectively. The classes should be selected from these standards in accordance with the DEP.
The SHEVS should have a maximum operating time of 120 s.
NOTE 1 For automatic smoke barriers deeper than 8 m, it may take more than 120 s to reach the fully deployed
position. They should have at least dropped by 8 m within the 120 s.
NOTE 2 It is recommended that automatic smoke barriers are controlled by smoke detection.
If a component is fitted with more than one initiation device (e.g. smoke detection, local push button, thermal
device), a defective device should not prevent the operation to the fire position of the component by any other
initiation device.
The sizing of components, including power supplies and lines, should be calculated such as to meet the
needs of the detailed engineering plan and the operating characteristics of the components.
The compatibility of all components of a SHEVS which interact should be checked, especially input and output
characteristics. The effect of lines on input/output characteristics should be taken into account.
Power supplies should be rated to meet power needs as defined in the DEP to operate the components of the
SHEVS driven from the power supply. This should include both peak energy supply rate and capacity.
For manual initiation, the power to move the component into the fire position should not be provided by the
operator physically.
A secondary supply should be provided if the external power moves the component into the fire position. No
secondary supply is required if the purpose of the supply is only to reset the system, to hold the system in the
standby position or to recharge an internal power supply.
NOTE 3 A secondary supply may be advisable in any case to avoid nuisance operation of SHEVS components in case
of power failure.
5.3 Requirements for smoke layer systems with natural ventilators
Air inlets for natural ventilators should only be natural. The aerodynamic air inlet area should be at least 50%
more than the aerodynamic free area of the largest smoke zone of the room.
Air inlets should be installed outside the smoke layer, near the floor.
When installed, reduction of geometric area due to side walls and/or ceiling have to be taken into account.
The installer should check that no obstacle can affect the operation and the performance of the ventilator into
the fire position (curtains, blinds, etc). Instructions should be given not to install obstacles. Provisions should
be taken not to install obstacles (protection, marking, etc see Clause 8)
The same applies to natural air inlets with wall mounted ventilators.
Systems with wall mounted ventilators should have the ventilators mounted on at least 2 walls and be
equipped with wind direction sensor. In that case, the air inlets should be also on 2 walls.
When the wind speed is more than 1 m/s, only the units on the wall opposite to the incoming wind should be
opened at a time, which implies control of wind direction (see Annex C).
Wall mounted ventilators should not be equipped with thermo devices.
NOTE Smoke detection should be considered.
5.4 Requirements for smoke layer systems with powered ventilators
5.4.1 Requirements for power supplies for powered smoke and heat exhaust ventilation systems
Each power supply should provide the power requirements of the highest power rated group of ventilators
able to operate together at design duty under ambient conditions.
The power supply to the powered ventilators and to the other components should be available for the time of
fire resistance of the powered ventilators.
Electrical power can be provided by either:
two independent electrical public utility lines, or
one electrical public utility line and backup power supply (generating plant).
NOTE The safety level to be applied depends on the application of the SHEVS and will be stated by national
legislation or the local authorities on a case by case basis.
The electrical power supply to the smoke exhaust ventilation system should be independent of the supply to
the remainder of the construction works from the point of entry into the construction works.
5.4.2 Requirements for powered smoke and heat exhaust systems
Air inlets for powered ventilators can be powered or natural. The incoming airflow rate has to be calculated in
relation to the largest smoke zone of the room.
Air inlets have to be installed outside the smoke layer, near the floor.
5.5 Requirements for smoke free area systems by differential pressure
No requirement in this Technical Report.
NOTE The subject is covered by EN 12101-6.
5.6 Requirements for smoke control by air renewal of the room with fresh air by dilution of
smoke
No requirement in this Technical Report.
NOTE These systems are not covered by this Technical Report as these sytems are not fixed installed systems.
6 Air Inlet
6.1 General requirements
The type, size, air flow characteristics, location and number of air inlets should be provided in accordance with
the requirements of the DEP.
Air inlets may be of the following types:
a) permanently open inlet openings;
b) purpose provided inlets;
c) doors and windows;
d) natural ventilators in other smoke zones;
e) a combination of any of a) to d);
f) powered inlets.
Replacement air should not be provided by both natural and powered air inlets in the same room.
Natural air inlets should be permanently open or be opened by the initiating devices associated with the
SHEVS.
The time from receiving an active or passive signal until the actuator has moved the air inlet to the fire position
should be 60 s or less. The air inlet after operation should remain in the fire position until reset at technical
access level.
The manufacturer should supply with the air inlet, when appropriate:
installation instructions;
instructions for use;
maintenance instructions;
input/output characteristics;
capabilities and limits of use.
6.2 Fire behaviour requirements
6.2.1 Performance parameters under fire conditions
Air inlets should comply with the relevant temperature class as indicated in the DEP.
6.2.2 Reaction to fire
No specific reaction to fire classification is necessary for the air inlet function.
6.2.3 Resistance to fire
No specific resistance to fire classification is necessary for the air inlet function.
6.3 Geometric areas for natural air inlets
The geometric area of an air inlet depends on the type and on the angle of opening of the inlet.
The coefficient of efficiency to the opening surface to be used is specified in Table 1.
Table 1 - Efficiency coefficients for natural air inlets
Standard evaluated coefficient for natural air inlets which have not been tested for airflow. The following table
can be used in combination with natural smoke ventilators.
1)
Type of opening Opening angle Correction coefficient
Doors or gatters 0,70
Louvres 90° 0,65
Windows 90° 0,65
Windows 0,50
≥ 60°
Windows 0,40
≥ 45°
Windows 0,30
≥ 30°
1)
Tolerance ± 5°
EXAMPLE hole in the wall 2,00 m x 2,00 m = 4,00 m²
effective air-inlet area 4,00 m² x 0,7 = 2,80 m² by a door
7 Tubes, cables and accessories
7.1 General requirements
Tubes, cables and their accessories should:
be independent throughout their length of any other circuit. Exceptions can be considered (see BUS
systems as described in prEN 12101-9);
be identified according to their purpose;
be provided with adequate protection against damage or have sufficient intrinsic mechanical resistance;
sizing of equipment and lines, as installed, should be justified or tested in order to prove that the
ventilators perform within the minimum level of their operation characteristics.
7.2 Fire behaviour requirements
7.2.1 Performance parameters under fire conditions
7.2.1.1 Components not within the smoke layer
Components not within the smoke layer should comply with the relevant temperatur
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