SIST-TP CWA 17935:2022
(Main)Sustainable Nanomanufacturing Framework
Sustainable Nanomanufacturing Framework
This document describes and specifies the requirements of a simplified Sustainability Nanomanufacturing Framework (SNF) for sustainability management in Nanomanufacturing Pilot Lines (NPLs), appropriate to their size, management capabilities and sustainability priorities.
The SNF sets up the basic requirements for a screening methodology to quicky assess the sustainability of a NPL. It provides guidance for diagnosis, implementation, and monitoring, to proactively improve nano-sustainability performances in NPLs, considering its sustainability management and results.
The model can be used by NPLs to achieve its intended outcomes in the field of nano-sustainability.
The SNF is intended to be applied to any NPL regardless of its size, type and activities. Similarly, the model could be scaled to manage the sustainability of a manufacturing area/plant that integrates multiple NPLs.
This document can be used in whole or in part to systematically improve the sustainability in NPLs.
Okvir trajnostne nanoproizvodnje
General Information
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST CWA 17935:2022
01-december-2022
Okvir trajnostne nanoproizvodnje
Sustainable Nanomanufacturing Framework
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: CWA 17935:2022
ICS:
07.120 Nanotehnologije Nanotechnologies
13.020.20 Okoljska ekonomija. Environmental economics.
Trajnostnost Sustainability
SIST CWA 17935:2022 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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SIST CWA 17935:2022
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SIST CWA 17935:2022
CEN
CWA 17935
WORKSHOP
October 2022
AGREEMENT
ICS 07.120; 13.020.20
English version
Sustainable Nanomanufacturing Framework
This CEN Workshop Agreement has been drafted and approved by a Workshop of representatives of interested parties, the
constitution of which is indicated in the foreword of this Workshop Agreement.
The formal process followed by the Workshop in the development of this Workshop Agreement has been endorsed by the
National Members of CEN but neither the National Members of CEN nor the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre can be held
accountable for the technical content of this CEN Workshop Agreement or possible conflicts with standards or legislation.
This CEN Workshop Agreement can in no way be held as being an official standard developed by CEN and its Members.
This CEN Workshop Agreement is publicly available as a reference document from the CEN Members National Standard Bodies.
CEN and CENELEC members are the national standards bodies and national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia,
Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg,
Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Türkiye and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2022 All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members and for
CEN/CENELE CENELEC Members.
C
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Contents Page
Foreword . 4
Introduction . 6
1 Scope . 8
2 Normative references . 8
3 Terms, definitions and abbreviated terms . 8
4 Definition of the Sustainable Nanomanufacturing Framework (SNF) . 14
5 Operating procedure to evaluate the SNF and to build the sustainability dashboard
. 41
6 SNF implementation and continuous improvement . 43
Annex A (informative) Practical example of the implementation of the operating procedure
to assess the SNF and build the sustainability dashboard, in Nanomanufacturing Pilot
Line 4 (NPL 4) of the OASIS project (EU-project OASIS – GA 814581). . 45
A.1 Introduction . 45
A.2 SNF customization . 46
A.3 Sustainability Management assessment (SM) . 47
A.4 Sustainability Results assessment (SR) . 48
A.5 Sustainability improvement . 48
Annex B (informative) Use Cases of diagnosis (step 0) and planning (step 1) of
Nanomanufacturing Pilot Lines of the OASIS project (EU-project OASIS – GA 814581).
. 59
B.1 Introduction . 59
B.2 Use Case 1: Diagnosis (Step 0) and Planning (Step 1) performed in a
Nanomanufacturing Pilot Line dedicated to aerogel materials . 59
B.2.1 General. 59
B.2.2 NPL1 in brief . 59
B.2.3 SNF customization and results . 59
B.3 Use Case 2: Diagnosis (Step 0) and Planning (Step 1) performed in a
Nanomanufacturing Pilot Line dedicated to the synthesis of magnetic and flame
retardant nanoparticles . 65
B.3.1 General. 65
B.3.2 NPL3 in brief . 65
B.3.3 SNF customization and results . 65
B.4 Use Case 3: Diagnosis (Step 0) and Planning (Step 1) performed in a
Nanomanufacturing Pilot Line dedicated to the manufacture of buckypapers. . 69
B.4.1 General. 69
B.4.2 NPL4 in brief . 69
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B.4.3 SNF customization and results . 69
B.5 Use Case 4: Diagnosis (Step 0) and Planning (Step 1) performed in a
Nanomanufacturing Pilot Line dedicated to modular pultrusion. 74
B.5.1 General . 74
B.5.2 NPL12 in brief . 74
B.5.3 SNF customization and results . 74
Annex C (informative) Use Cases of diagnosis (step 0) and planning (step 1) of
Nanomanufacturing Pilot Lines of the INNOMEM project (EU-project INNOMEM– GA
862330). . 78
C.1 Introduction . 78
C.2 Use Case 1: Diagnosis (Step 0) and Planning (Step 1) performed in a
Nanomanufacturing Pilot Line dedicated to the Mixed Matrix Hollow Fiber
Membranes production . 78
C.2.1 General . 78
C.2.2 NPL1 in brief . 78
C.2.3 SNF customization and results . 78
C.3 Use Case 2: Diagnosis (Step 0) and Planning (Step 1) performed in a
Nanomanufacturing Pilot Line dedicated to Pd-based membranes production . 84
C.3.1 General . 84
C.3.2 NPL2 in brief . 84
C.3.3 SNF customization and results . 84
Bibliography . 91
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Foreword
This CEN Workshop Agreement (CWA 17935:2022) has been developed in accordance with the CEN-
CENELEC Guide 29 “CEN/CENELEC Workshop Agreements – A rapid prototyping to standardization” and
with the relevant provisions of CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations - Part 2. It was approved by a
Workshop of representatives of interested parties on 2022-09-20, the constitution of which was
supported by CEN following the public call for participation made on 2021-11-24. However, this CEN
Workshop Agreement does not necessarily include all relevant stakeholders.
The final text of this CEN Workshop Agreement was provided to CEN for publication on 2022-09-26.
Results incorporated in this CWA received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research
and innovation programme, under Grant Agreements No 814581 [OASIS] and No 862330 [INNOMEN].
The following organizations and individuals developed and approved this CEN Workshop Agreement:
• Chairperson: Eng. MSc. Jesús López de Ipiña, Jesús (Tecnalia).
• Vice-Chairperson: Ms. Joséphine Steck (CEA).
• AcumenIST: Dr. Steffi Friedrichs.
• Adamant Composites Ltd.: Ms. Despoina Batsouli, Mr. Grigorios Koutsoukis and Dr. Antonios
Vavouliotis.
• BioNanoNet Forschungsgesellschaft mbH: Mag. pharm., MSc. Susanne Resch and MSc. Clemens Wolf.
• CEA: Dr. Simon Clavaguera and Dr. Cécile Girardot.
• Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V.: Dr. Benedikt Schug.
• IPC: Mr. Maudez Le Dantec.
• ISQ: Mr. João Laranjeira and Ms. Cristina Matos
• Laboratoire National de Métrologie et d’Essais (LNE): PhD. Georges Favre.
• Pleione Energy SA: Dr. Athanasios Masouras and Mrs. Dorela Hoxha.
• Tecnalia: Dr. José Luis Viviente.
• TMBK Partners: Mr. Pawel Duralek and Mr. Przemyslaw Kosmider.
• UNE: Mr. Fernando Machicado and Ms. Raquel Martínez Egido.
• Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha: Dr. Rafael Orlando Klee Morán, Professor María Luz Sánchez,
Professor Paula Sánchez and MSc. Leticia Toledo Murcia.
• University of Patras: Dr. Stavros Tsantzalis and Professor Vassilis Kostopoulos.
• Sisteplant S.L.: Mr. Paul Gomendiourrutia.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some elements of this document may be subject to patent rights.
CEN/CENELEC policy on patent rights is described in CEN-CENELEC Guide 8 “Guidelines for
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Implementation of the Common IPR Policy on Patent”. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying
any or all such patent rights.
Although the Workshop parties have made every effort to ensure the reliability and accuracy of technical
and nontechnical descriptions, the Workshop is not able to guarantee, explicitly or implicitly, the
correctness of this document. Anyone who applies this CEN Workshop Agreement shall be aware that
neither the Workshop, nor CEN, can be held liable for damages or losses of any kind whatsoever. The use
of this CEN Workshop Agreement does not relieve users of their responsibility for their own actions, and
they apply this document at their own risk. The CEN Workshop Agreement should not be construed as
legal advice authoritatively endorsed by CEN/CENELEC.
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Introduction
European manufacturing is determined to provide by 2030 a robust foundation for the economic, social
and ecologically sustainable development of the European Union, which will contribute to increasing
sustainability in a global context. It is also expected that both nanotechnology and sustainability, will be
two important sources of differentiation and competitiveness for the European manufacturing industry
in the global market.
Although different definitions are used for the concept of sustainable manufacturing, there is no official
standardized one. The U.S. Department of Commerce [50] proposed in 2008 one of the first and most
widely used definitions of sustainable manufacturing: “the creation of manufactured products that use
processes that are non-polluting, conserve energy and natural resources, and are economically sound and
safe for employees, communities, and consumers”. This definition has supported other definitions such as
those produced by the US EPA [51] or ASTM [43].
Despite the fact that the concept of sustainability has been traditionally associated with an environmental
dimension, all these definitions highlight the three-dimensionality of sustainable manufacturing, that
encapsulates three basic dimensions: social, environment and economy.
In the literature review, different relevant initiatives on sustainable manufacturing can be found: the
European Commission (EC) [45] [46] [47] through the S3-Smart Specialization Platform [48], the US
Department of Commerce [49] [50], the US Environmental Protection Agency [51], the OECD through the
sustainable manufacturing toolkit [44], among others. Various methods, tools and metrics have been
applied for sustainability performance assessment in manufacturing. In the field of standardization,
several ISO standards, some of them adopted by CEN as European standards, address issues related to
sustainability such as quality [1] [2] [7], environment [3] [4], safety [35], responsibility, social,
governance, etc. Those can be applied to manufacturing processes to cover such sustainability items. In
this regard, standards developed by ASTM - Subcommittee E60.13 on Sustainable Manufacturing [43] are
of particular interest.
The sustainable manufacturing of nanotechnology supports the needs of the industry, contributes to the
industrial policies of the EU and promotes the technological leadership of Europe. At the same time, it
minimizes negative environmental impacts, conserves energy and natural resources, is safe for
employees, communities, and consumers, and is economically sound.
Pilot Lines (PLs) are strategic instruments of the European Commission to bridge the "valley of death",
and successfully introduce innovations based on Key Enabling Technologies (KETs) into the market. In
particular, in the field of nanotechnology, they are the embryo of tomorrow's nano-manufacturing
industry in Europe. Nanomanufacturing Pilot Lines (NPLs) are responsible for the potential impacts on
sustainability (social, environmental, economic) that their nanomanufacturing activities can produce.
The incorporation of sustainability requirements in these NPLs, from the first stages of design and
operation of the new processes, constitutes a proactive strategy to ensure equally sustainable future
commercial nanomanufacturing processes. Consequently, there is a need to define requirements to
guarantee the environmental, social and economic sustainability of these NPLs, considering at the same
time their embryonic and pre-commercial nature. This requires simple sustainability management
schemes easy to use and apply.
In this context, this document inserts the concept of sustainable manufacturing into the field of
nanotechnology, by proposing a new simplified conceptual framework to implement sustainability in
NPLs and evaluate their sustainable manufacturing performance. Our ambition is to contribute to the
deployment of more efficient and sustainable nano-manufacturing processes that enable the
manufacture of safer and more sustainable nanomaterials and nanoproducts, as the European
Commission recently pointed out.
The Sustainable Nanomanufacturing Framework (SNF) described in this document is based on the one
developed by the H2020 OASIS project OASIS “Open Access Single entry point for scale-up of Innovative
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Smart lightweight composite materials and components”. The OASIS model is a simple and user-friendly
screening tool designed to carry out the initial diagnosis, define the improvement plans and evaluate the
sustainability and evolution of NPLs. This framework has been tested in 12 NPLs of the OASIS project (GA
814581) and 7 NPLs of the INNOMEM project (GA 862630).
Annex A shows, using an example based on the OASIS NPL4, the practical application of the 10-step SNF
evaluation procedure described in this document. Annex B of this document shows the results
corresponding to the diagnosis and planning stages of the Plan-Do-Check-Act (PDCA) cycle in four of the
12 NPLs of OASIS Subsequently, the H2020 INNOMEM project “Open Innovation Test Bed for nano-
enabled Membranes”, also used the model to assess the sustainability of the NPLs incorporated in its
manufacturing ecosystem. Annex C of this document shows the results corresponding to the initial
diagnosis and planning stages in two NPLs of this last project.
The OASIS project has developed a simple software based on MS Excel (OASIS-SNF Tool) to automate the
practical application of the 10-step SNF evaluation procedure. This tool has been used by the project to
diagnose, implement, monitor and re-evaluate management practices and sustainability results in NPLs,
in conformity with the requirements of the SNF model. It is envisaged that a new version of the OASIS-
SNF Tool will be publicly available at the website of OASIS (https://project-oasis.eu/ ) at the end of the
project (November 2022).
The SNF was initially conceived and designed as a resilient model to be used in the broad scope of
sustainable manufacturing (SM), for any manufacturing process. However, given the scope of the OASIS
project, the primary model was later customized to be used in the field of sustainable nanomanufacturing
(SN).
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1 Scope
This document describes and specifies the requirements of a simplified Sustainability
Nanomanufacturing Framework (SNF) for sustainability management in Nanomanufacturing Pilot Lines
(NPLs), appropriate to their size, management capabilities and sustainability priorities.
The SNF sets up the basic requirements for a screening methodology to quicky assess the sustainability
of a NPL. It provides guidance for diagnosis, implementation, and monitoring, to proactively improve
nano-sustainability performances in NPLs, considering its sustainability management and results.
The model can be used by NPLs to achieve its intended outcomes in the field of nano-sustainability.
The SNF is intended to be applied to any NPL regardless of its size, type and activities. Similarly, the model
could be scaled to manage the sustainability of a manufacturing area/plant that integrates multiple NPLs.
This document can be used in whole or in part to systematically improve the sustainability in NPLs.
2 Normative references
There are no normative references in this document.
3 Terms, definitions and abbreviated terms
3.1 General
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
ISO Online browsing platform: available at https://www.iso.org/obp/
IEC Electropedia: available at https://www.electropedia.org/
3.2 Terms related to nanotechnology
3.2.1
nano-enabled product
product exhibiting function or performance only possible with nanotechnology.
Note 1 to entry: finished goods incorporating nanotechnology.
Note 2 to entry: term customized from ISO/TS 80004-1:2015 [36].
3.2.2
nano-intermediate
intermediate product with nanoscale features.
3.2.3
nanomanufacturing pilot line
pilot line conceived for the manufacture of nanomaterials, nano-intermediates or nano-enabled products.
3.2.4
nanomanufacturing process
ensemble of activities to intentionally synthesize, generate or control nanomaterials, or fabrication steps
in the nanoscale, for commercial purposes.
[SOURCE: ISO/TS 80004-1:2015, definition 2.12] [36]
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3.2.5
nanomaterial
material with any external dimension in the nanoscale or having internal structure or surface structure
in the nanoscale.
Note 1 to entry: This generic term is inclusive of nano-object and nanostructured material.
Note 2 to entry has been deleted.
[SOURCE: ISO/TS 80004-1:2015, definition 2.11] [36]
3.2.6
NOAA
nano-objects, and their agglomerates and aggregates.
Note 1 to entry: NOAAs include structures with one, two or three external dimensions in the nanoscale, which might
be spheres, fibres, tubes and others as primary structures. NOAAs can consist of individual primary structures in
the nanoscale and aggregated or agglomerated structures, including those with sizes larger than 100 nm.
[SOURCE: ISO/DIS 80004-1, definition 2.11] [37]
3.3 Terms related to production and manufacturing
3.3.1
process
set of interrelated or interacting activities that use inputs to deliver an intended result.
[SOURCE: ISO 9000:2015, definition 3.4.1 (without notes)] [1]
3.3.2
manufacturing process
structured set of activities involving a flow and/or transformation of material, information, energy, or
any other element in a manufacturing area.
[SOURCE: ISO 20140-1:2019, 3.14] [17]
3.3.3
pilot line
the physical infrastructure and equipment needed to produce small series of pre-commercial products.
[SOURCE: Pilot Production in Key Enabling Technologies, EC 2017] [47]
3.4 Terms related to sustainability
3.4.1
economic aspect
element of an organization's activities or products or services that interacts or can interact with the
economy.
[SOURCE: ISO 23434-1:2021] [32]
3.4.2
economic sustainability
ability to provide sustainable, successful places in an economic context.
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Note 1 to entry: Economic considerations include employment, competitiveness, wealth and distribution, welfare,
accounting and regulation.
[SOURCE: ISO 17889-1:2021] [15]
3.4.3
environmental aspect
element of an organization's activities or products or services that interacts or can interact with the
environment.
[SOURCE: EN ISO 14001:2015] [3]
3.4.4
environmental sustainability
state in which the ecosystem and its functions are maintained for the present and future generation.
[SOURCE: ISO 17889-1:2021] [15]
3.4.5
social aspect
element of an organization's activities or products or services that interacts or can interact with society
or quality of life.
[SOURCE: ISO 23434-1:2021] [32]
3.4.6
social sustainability
ability to provide sustainable, successful places in a social context.
Note 1 to entry: Social sustainability combines design of the physical realm with design of the world, infrastructure
to support social and cultural life, provides social amenities, systems for citizen engagement and spaces for people
and places to evolve.
[SOURCE: ISO 17889-1:2021] [15]
3.4.7
sustainability
state of the global system, including environmental, social and economic aspects, in which the needs of
the present are met without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.
Note 1 to entry: The environmental, social and economic aspects interact, are interdependent and are often referred
to as the three dimensions of sustainability.
Note 2 to entry: Sustainability is the goal of sustainable development (3.2).
[SOURCE: ISO Guide 82:2019, definition 3.1] [40]
3.4.8
sustainable development
development that meets the environmental, social and economic needs of the present without
compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.
Note 1 to entry: Derived from the Brundtland Report [18].
[SOURCE: ISO Guide 82:2019, definition 3.2] [38]
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3.4.9
sustainability aspect
aspect of an activity or goods or services that, during the life cycle of the activity, or goods or services, is
related to sustainability, positively or negatively.
[SOURCE: ISO 20400:2017] [18]
3.4.10
sustainability dimension
Each of the three pillars on which the concept of sustainability is based: environmental, economic and
social.
3.4.11
sustainability indicator
indicator related to economic, environmental or social impacts.
[SOURCE: ISO 21929-1:2011, 3.33] [22]
3.4.12
sustainability item
Each of the sustainability aspects that build the three sustainability dimensions.
3.4.13
sustainability KPI
key performance indicator that represents sustainability performance.
3.4.14
sustainability objective
intent to achieve global sustainability, resulting from the sustainability policy that an enterprise or
destination sets itself to achieve, being quantified whenever possible.
[SOURCE: ISO 23405:2022, 3.1.5] [31]
3.4.15
sustainability performance
combination of environmental performance, social performance and economic performance of an
organization.
Note 1 to entry: measurable results related to sustainability aspects.
[SOURCE: ISO 21931-2:2019(en), 3.30 modified – Note 1 adapted.] [25]
3.4.16
sustainability management
set of coordinated activities within an organization related to its sustainability aspects.
3.4.17
sustainability requirement
requirement related to sustainability.
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3.5 Terms related to management
3.5.1
baseline
reference basis for comparison against which performance is monitored and controlled.
[SOURCE: ISO/TR 21506:2018, 3.5] [19]
3.5.2
continual improvement
recurring activity to enhance performance.
[SOURCE: EN ISO 9000:2015, without notes] [1]
3.5.3
indicator
quantitative, qualitative or binary variable that can be measured, calculated or described, representing
the status of operations, management, conditions or impacts.
[SOURCE: 14050:2020] [5]
3.5.4
key performance indicator
indicator of performance deemed by an organization to be significant and giving prominence and
attention to certain aspects of operations, management, conditions or impacts.
Note 1 to entry: The KPIs are derived directly from, or through an aggregation function of, physical measurements,
data and/or other KPIs.
[SOURCE: ISO 14050:2020; Note 1 to entry from ISO 22400-1:2014, 2.1.5] [5] [6] [27]
3.5.5
lagging indicator
metric that gives an indication of past performance.
[SOURCE: ISO 10014:2021] [7]
3.5.6
leading indicator
metric that gives an indication of expected performance.
[SOURCE: ISO 10014:2021] [7]
3.5.7
legal requirements and other requirements
legal requirements that an organization has to comply with and other requirements that an organization
has to or chooses to comply with.
[SOURCE: ISO 45001:2018, without notes] [35]
3.5.8
management
coordinated activities to direct and control an organization.
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[SOURCE: EN ISO 9000:2015, without notes] [1]
3.5.9
management system
set of interrelated or interacting elements of an organization to establish policies and objectives, and
processes to achieve those objectives.
[SOURCE: EN ISO 9000:2015, without notes] [1]
3.5.10
nonconformity
non-fulfilment of a requirement.
[SOURCE: EN ISO 9000:2015, without notes] [1]
3.5.11
regulatory requirement
obligatory requirement specified by an authority mandated by a legislative body.
[SOURCE: EN ISO 9000:2015] [1]
3.5.12
requirement
need or expectation that is stated, generally implied or obligatory.
[SOURCE: EN ISO 9000:2015, without notes] [1]
3.5.13
strategy
plan to achieve a long-t
...
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST-TP CWA 17935:2022
01-december-2022
Okvir trajnostne nanoproizvodnje
Sustainable Nanomanufacturing Framework
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: CWA 17935:2022
ICS:
07.120 Nanotehnologije Nanotechnologies
13.020.20 Okoljska ekonomija. Environmental economics.
Trajnostnost Sustainability
SIST-TP CWA 17935:2022 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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SIST-TP CWA 17935:2022
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SIST-TP CWA 17935:2022
CEN
CWA 17935
WORKSHOP
October 2022
AGREEMENT
ICS 07.120; 13.020.20
English version
Sustainable Nanomanufacturing Framework
This CEN Workshop Agreement has been drafted and approved by a Workshop of representatives of interested parties, the
constitution of which is indicated in the foreword of this Workshop Agreement.
The formal process followed by the Workshop in the development of this Workshop Agreement has been endorsed by the
National Members of CEN but neither the National Members of CEN nor the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre can be held
accountable for the technical content of this CEN Workshop Agreement or possible conflicts with standards or legislation.
This CEN Workshop Agreement can in no way be held as being an official standard developed by CEN and its Members.
This CEN Workshop Agreement is publicly available as a reference document from the CEN Members National Standard Bodies.
CEN and CENELEC members are the national standards bodies and national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia,
Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg,
Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Türkiye and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2022 All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members and for
CEN/CENELE CENELEC Members.
C
Ref. No.:CWA 17935:2022 E
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CWA 17935:2022(E)
Contents Page
Foreword . 4
Introduction . 6
1 Scope . 8
2 Normative references . 8
3 Terms, definitions and abbreviated terms . 8
4 Definition of the Sustainable Nanomanufacturing Framework (SNF) . 14
5 Operating procedure to evaluate the SNF and to build the sustainability dashboard
. 41
6 SNF implementation and continuous improvement . 43
Annex A (informative) Practical example of the implementation of the operating procedure
to assess the SNF and build the sustainability dashboard, in Nanomanufacturing Pilot
Line 4 (NPL 4) of the OASIS project (EU-project OASIS – GA 814581). . 45
A.1 Introduction . 45
A.2 SNF customization . 46
A.3 Sustainability Management assessment (SM) . 47
A.4 Sustainability Results assessment (SR) . 48
A.5 Sustainability improvement . 48
Annex B (informative) Use Cases of diagnosis (step 0) and planning (step 1) of
Nanomanufacturing Pilot Lines of the OASIS project (EU-project OASIS – GA 814581).
. 59
B.1 Introduction . 59
B.2 Use Case 1: Diagnosis (Step 0) and Planning (Step 1) performed in a
Nanomanufacturing Pilot Line dedicated to aerogel materials . 59
B.2.1 General. 59
B.2.2 NPL1 in brief . 59
B.2.3 SNF customization and results . 59
B.3 Use Case 2: Diagnosis (Step 0) and Planning (Step 1) performed in a
Nanomanufacturing Pilot Line dedicated to the synthesis of magnetic and flame
retardant nanoparticles . 65
B.3.1 General. 65
B.3.2 NPL3 in brief . 65
B.3.3 SNF customization and results . 65
B.4 Use Case 3: Diagnosis (Step 0) and Planning (Step 1) performed in a
Nanomanufacturing Pilot Line dedicated to the manufacture of buckypapers. . 69
B.4.1 General. 69
B.4.2 NPL4 in brief . 69
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B.4.3 SNF customization and results . 69
B.5 Use Case 4: Diagnosis (Step 0) and Planning (Step 1) performed in a
Nanomanufacturing Pilot Line dedicated to modular pultrusion. 74
B.5.1 General . 74
B.5.2 NPL12 in brief . 74
B.5.3 SNF customization and results . 74
Annex C (informative) Use Cases of diagnosis (step 0) and planning (step 1) of
Nanomanufacturing Pilot Lines of the INNOMEM project (EU-project INNOMEM– GA
862330). . 78
C.1 Introduction . 78
C.2 Use Case 1: Diagnosis (Step 0) and Planning (Step 1) performed in a
Nanomanufacturing Pilot Line dedicated to the Mixed Matrix Hollow Fiber
Membranes production . 78
C.2.1 General . 78
C.2.2 NPL1 in brief . 78
C.2.3 SNF customization and results . 78
C.3 Use Case 2: Diagnosis (Step 0) and Planning (Step 1) performed in a
Nanomanufacturing Pilot Line dedicated to Pd-based membranes production . 84
C.3.1 General . 84
C.3.2 NPL2 in brief . 84
C.3.3 SNF customization and results . 84
Bibliography . 91
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Foreword
This CEN Workshop Agreement (CWA 17935:2022) has been developed in accordance with the CEN-
CENELEC Guide 29 “CEN/CENELEC Workshop Agreements – A rapid prototyping to standardization” and
with the relevant provisions of CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations - Part 2. It was approved by a
Workshop of representatives of interested parties on 2022-09-20, the constitution of which was
supported by CEN following the public call for participation made on 2021-11-24. However, this CEN
Workshop Agreement does not necessarily include all relevant stakeholders.
The final text of this CEN Workshop Agreement was provided to CEN for publication on 2022-09-26.
Results incorporated in this CWA received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research
and innovation programme, under Grant Agreements No 814581 [OASIS] and No 862330 [INNOMEN].
The following organizations and individuals developed and approved this CEN Workshop Agreement:
• Chairperson: Eng. MSc. Jesús López de Ipiña, Jesús (Tecnalia).
• Vice-Chairperson: Ms. Joséphine Steck (CEA).
• AcumenIST: Dr. Steffi Friedrichs.
• Adamant Composites Ltd.: Ms. Despoina Batsouli, Mr. Grigorios Koutsoukis and Dr. Antonios
Vavouliotis.
• BioNanoNet Forschungsgesellschaft mbH: Mag. pharm., MSc. Susanne Resch and MSc. Clemens Wolf.
• CEA: Dr. Simon Clavaguera and Dr. Cécile Girardot.
• Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V.: Dr. Benedikt Schug.
• IPC: Mr. Maudez Le Dantec.
• ISQ: Mr. João Laranjeira and Ms. Cristina Matos
• Laboratoire National de Métrologie et d’Essais (LNE): PhD. Georges Favre.
• Pleione Energy SA: Dr. Athanasios Masouras and Mrs. Dorela Hoxha.
• Tecnalia: Dr. José Luis Viviente.
• TMBK Partners: Mr. Pawel Duralek and Mr. Przemyslaw Kosmider.
• UNE: Mr. Fernando Machicado and Ms. Raquel Martínez Egido.
• Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha: Dr. Rafael Orlando Klee Morán, Professor María Luz Sánchez,
Professor Paula Sánchez and MSc. Leticia Toledo Murcia.
• University of Patras: Dr. Stavros Tsantzalis and Professor Vassilis Kostopoulos.
• Sisteplant S.L.: Mr. Paul Gomendiourrutia.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some elements of this document may be subject to patent rights.
CEN/CENELEC policy on patent rights is described in CEN-CENELEC Guide 8 “Guidelines for
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Implementation of the Common IPR Policy on Patent”. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying
any or all such patent rights.
Although the Workshop parties have made every effort to ensure the reliability and accuracy of technical
and nontechnical descriptions, the Workshop is not able to guarantee, explicitly or implicitly, the
correctness of this document. Anyone who applies this CEN Workshop Agreement shall be aware that
neither the Workshop, nor CEN, can be held liable for damages or losses of any kind whatsoever. The use
of this CEN Workshop Agreement does not relieve users of their responsibility for their own actions, and
they apply this document at their own risk. The CEN Workshop Agreement should not be construed as
legal advice authoritatively endorsed by CEN/CENELEC.
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Introduction
European manufacturing is determined to provide by 2030 a robust foundation for the economic, social
and ecologically sustainable development of the European Union, which will contribute to increasing
sustainability in a global context. It is also expected that both nanotechnology and sustainability, will be
two important sources of differentiation and competitiveness for the European manufacturing industry
in the global market.
Although different definitions are used for the concept of sustainable manufacturing, there is no official
standardized one. The U.S. Department of Commerce [50] proposed in 2008 one of the first and most
widely used definitions of sustainable manufacturing: “the creation of manufactured products that use
processes that are non-polluting, conserve energy and natural resources, and are economically sound and
safe for employees, communities, and consumers”. This definition has supported other definitions such as
those produced by the US EPA [51] or ASTM [43].
Despite the fact that the concept of sustainability has been traditionally associated with an environmental
dimension, all these definitions highlight the three-dimensionality of sustainable manufacturing, that
encapsulates three basic dimensions: social, environment and economy.
In the literature review, different relevant initiatives on sustainable manufacturing can be found: the
European Commission (EC) [45] [46] [47] through the S3-Smart Specialization Platform [48], the US
Department of Commerce [49] [50], the US Environmental Protection Agency [51], the OECD through the
sustainable manufacturing toolkit [44], among others. Various methods, tools and metrics have been
applied for sustainability performance assessment in manufacturing. In the field of standardization,
several ISO standards, some of them adopted by CEN as European standards, address issues related to
sustainability such as quality [1] [2] [7], environment [3] [4], safety [35], responsibility, social,
governance, etc. Those can be applied to manufacturing processes to cover such sustainability items. In
this regard, standards developed by ASTM - Subcommittee E60.13 on Sustainable Manufacturing [43] are
of particular interest.
The sustainable manufacturing of nanotechnology supports the needs of the industry, contributes to the
industrial policies of the EU and promotes the technological leadership of Europe. At the same time, it
minimizes negative environmental impacts, conserves energy and natural resources, is safe for
employees, communities, and consumers, and is economically sound.
Pilot Lines (PLs) are strategic instruments of the European Commission to bridge the "valley of death",
and successfully introduce innovations based on Key Enabling Technologies (KETs) into the market. In
particular, in the field of nanotechnology, they are the embryo of tomorrow's nano-manufacturing
industry in Europe. Nanomanufacturing Pilot Lines (NPLs) are responsible for the potential impacts on
sustainability (social, environmental, economic) that their nanomanufacturing activities can produce.
The incorporation of sustainability requirements in these NPLs, from the first stages of design and
operation of the new processes, constitutes a proactive strategy to ensure equally sustainable future
commercial nanomanufacturing processes. Consequently, there is a need to define requirements to
guarantee the environmental, social and economic sustainability of these NPLs, considering at the same
time their embryonic and pre-commercial nature. This requires simple sustainability management
schemes easy to use and apply.
In this context, this document inserts the concept of sustainable manufacturing into the field of
nanotechnology, by proposing a new simplified conceptual framework to implement sustainability in
NPLs and evaluate their sustainable manufacturing performance. Our ambition is to contribute to the
deployment of more efficient and sustainable nano-manufacturing processes that enable the
manufacture of safer and more sustainable nanomaterials and nanoproducts, as the European
Commission recently pointed out.
The Sustainable Nanomanufacturing Framework (SNF) described in this document is based on the one
developed by the H2020 OASIS project OASIS “Open Access Single entry point for scale-up of Innovative
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Smart lightweight composite materials and components”. The OASIS model is a simple and user-friendly
screening tool designed to carry out the initial diagnosis, define the improvement plans and evaluate the
sustainability and evolution of NPLs. This framework has been tested in 12 NPLs of the OASIS project (GA
814581) and 7 NPLs of the INNOMEM project (GA 862630).
Annex A shows, using an example based on the OASIS NPL4, the practical application of the 10-step SNF
evaluation procedure described in this document. Annex B of this document shows the results
corresponding to the diagnosis and planning stages of the Plan-Do-Check-Act (PDCA) cycle in four of the
12 NPLs of OASIS Subsequently, the H2020 INNOMEM project “Open Innovation Test Bed for nano-
enabled Membranes”, also used the model to assess the sustainability of the NPLs incorporated in its
manufacturing ecosystem. Annex C of this document shows the results corresponding to the initial
diagnosis and planning stages in two NPLs of this last project.
The OASIS project has developed a simple software based on MS Excel (OASIS-SNF Tool) to automate the
practical application of the 10-step SNF evaluation procedure. This tool has been used by the project to
diagnose, implement, monitor and re-evaluate management practices and sustainability results in NPLs,
in conformity with the requirements of the SNF model. It is envisaged that a new version of the OASIS-
SNF Tool will be publicly available at the website of OASIS (https://project-oasis.eu/ ) at the end of the
project (November 2022).
The SNF was initially conceived and designed as a resilient model to be used in the broad scope of
sustainable manufacturing (SM), for any manufacturing process. However, given the scope of the OASIS
project, the primary model was later customized to be used in the field of sustainable nanomanufacturing
(SN).
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1 Scope
This document describes and specifies the requirements of a simplified Sustainability
Nanomanufacturing Framework (SNF) for sustainability management in Nanomanufacturing Pilot Lines
(NPLs), appropriate to their size, management capabilities and sustainability priorities.
The SNF sets up the basic requirements for a screening methodology to quicky assess the sustainability
of a NPL. It provides guidance for diagnosis, implementation, and monitoring, to proactively improve
nano-sustainability performances in NPLs, considering its sustainability management and results.
The model can be used by NPLs to achieve its intended outcomes in the field of nano-sustainability.
The SNF is intended to be applied to any NPL regardless of its size, type and activities. Similarly, the model
could be scaled to manage the sustainability of a manufacturing area/plant that integrates multiple NPLs.
This document can be used in whole or in part to systematically improve the sustainability in NPLs.
2 Normative references
There are no normative references in this document.
3 Terms, definitions and abbreviated terms
3.1 General
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
ISO Online browsing platform: available at https://www.iso.org/obp/
IEC Electropedia: available at https://www.electropedia.org/
3.2 Terms related to nanotechnology
3.2.1
nano-enabled product
product exhibiting function or performance only possible with nanotechnology.
Note 1 to entry: finished goods incorporating nanotechnology.
Note 2 to entry: term customized from ISO/TS 80004-1:2015 [36].
3.2.2
nano-intermediate
intermediate product with nanoscale features.
3.2.3
nanomanufacturing pilot line
pilot line conceived for the manufacture of nanomaterials, nano-intermediates or nano-enabled products.
3.2.4
nanomanufacturing process
ensemble of activities to intentionally synthesize, generate or control nanomaterials, or fabrication steps
in the nanoscale, for commercial purposes.
[SOURCE: ISO/TS 80004-1:2015, definition 2.12] [36]
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3.2.5
nanomaterial
material with any external dimension in the nanoscale or having internal structure or surface structure
in the nanoscale.
Note 1 to entry: This generic term is inclusive of nano-object and nanostructured material.
Note 2 to entry has been deleted.
[SOURCE: ISO/TS 80004-1:2015, definition 2.11] [36]
3.2.6
NOAA
nano-objects, and their agglomerates and aggregates.
Note 1 to entry: NOAAs include structures with one, two or three external dimensions in the nanoscale, which might
be spheres, fibres, tubes and others as primary structures. NOAAs can consist of individual primary structures in
the nanoscale and aggregated or agglomerated structures, including those with sizes larger than 100 nm.
[SOURCE: ISO/DIS 80004-1, definition 2.11] [37]
3.3 Terms related to production and manufacturing
3.3.1
process
set of interrelated or interacting activities that use inputs to deliver an intended result.
[SOURCE: ISO 9000:2015, definition 3.4.1 (without notes)] [1]
3.3.2
manufacturing process
structured set of activities involving a flow and/or transformation of material, information, energy, or
any other element in a manufacturing area.
[SOURCE: ISO 20140-1:2019, 3.14] [17]
3.3.3
pilot line
the physical infrastructure and equipment needed to produce small series of pre-commercial products.
[SOURCE: Pilot Production in Key Enabling Technologies, EC 2017] [47]
3.4 Terms related to sustainability
3.4.1
economic aspect
element of an organization's activities or products or services that interacts or can interact with the
economy.
[SOURCE: ISO 23434-1:2021] [32]
3.4.2
economic sustainability
ability to provide sustainable, successful places in an economic context.
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Note 1 to entry: Economic considerations include employment, competitiveness, wealth and distribution, welfare,
accounting and regulation.
[SOURCE: ISO 17889-1:2021] [15]
3.4.3
environmental aspect
element of an organization's activities or products or services that interacts or can interact with the
environment.
[SOURCE: EN ISO 14001:2015] [3]
3.4.4
environmental sustainability
state in which the ecosystem and its functions are maintained for the present and future generation.
[SOURCE: ISO 17889-1:2021] [15]
3.4.5
social aspect
element of an organization's activities or products or services that interacts or can interact with society
or quality of life.
[SOURCE: ISO 23434-1:2021] [32]
3.4.6
social sustainability
ability to provide sustainable, successful places in a social context.
Note 1 to entry: Social sustainability combines design of the physical realm with design of the world, infrastructure
to support social and cultural life, provides social amenities, systems for citizen engagement and spaces for people
and places to evolve.
[SOURCE: ISO 17889-1:2021] [15]
3.4.7
sustainability
state of the global system, including environmental, social and economic aspects, in which the needs of
the present are met without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.
Note 1 to entry: The environmental, social and economic aspects interact, are interdependent and are often referred
to as the three dimensions of sustainability.
Note 2 to entry: Sustainability is the goal of sustainable development (3.2).
[SOURCE: ISO Guide 82:2019, definition 3.1] [40]
3.4.8
sustainable development
development that meets the environmental, social and economic needs of the present without
compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.
Note 1 to entry: Derived from the Brundtland Report [18].
[SOURCE: ISO Guide 82:2019, definition 3.2] [38]
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3.4.9
sustainability aspect
aspect of an activity or goods or services that, during the life cycle of the activity, or goods or services, is
related to sustainability, positively or negatively.
[SOURCE: ISO 20400:2017] [18]
3.4.10
sustainability dimension
Each of the three pillars on which the concept of sustainability is based: environmental, economic and
social.
3.4.11
sustainability indicator
indicator related to economic, environmental or social impacts.
[SOURCE: ISO 21929-1:2011, 3.33] [22]
3.4.12
sustainability item
Each of the sustainability aspects that build the three sustainability dimensions.
3.4.13
sustainability KPI
key performance indicator that represents sustainability performance.
3.4.14
sustainability objective
intent to achieve global sustainability, resulting from the sustainability policy that an enterprise or
destination sets itself to achieve, being quantified whenever possible.
[SOURCE: ISO 23405:2022, 3.1.5] [31]
3.4.15
sustainability performance
combination of environmental performance, social performance and economic performance of an
organization.
Note 1 to entry: measurable results related to sustainability aspects.
[SOURCE: ISO 21931-2:2019(en), 3.30 modified – Note 1 adapted.] [25]
3.4.16
sustainability management
set of coordinated activities within an organization related to its sustainability aspects.
3.4.17
sustainability requirement
requirement related to sustainability.
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3.5 Terms related to management
3.5.1
baseline
reference basis for comparison against which performance is monitored and controlled.
[SOURCE: ISO/TR 21506:2018, 3.5] [19]
3.5.2
continual improvement
recurring activity to enhance performance.
[SOURCE: EN ISO 9000:2015, without notes] [1]
3.5.3
indicator
quantitative, qualitative or binary variable that can be measured, calculated or described, representing
the status of operations, management, conditions or impacts.
[SOURCE: 14050:2020] [5]
3.5.4
key performance indicator
indicator of performance deemed by an organization to be significant and giving prominence and
attention to certain aspects of operations, management, conditions or impacts.
Note 1 to entry: The KPIs are derived directly from, or through an aggregation function of, physical measurements,
data and/or other KPIs.
[SOURCE: ISO 14050:2020; Note 1 to entry from ISO 22400-1:2014, 2.1.5] [5] [6] [27]
3.5.5
lagging indicator
metric that gives an indication of past performance.
[SOURCE: ISO 10014:2021] [7]
3.5.6
leading indicator
metric that gives an indication of expected performance.
[SOURCE: ISO 10014:2021] [7]
3.5.7
legal requirements and other requirements
legal requirements that an organization has to comply with and other requirements that an organization
has to or chooses to comply with.
[SOURCE: ISO 45001:2018, without notes] [35]
3.5.8
management
coordinated activities to direct and control an organization.
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[SOURCE: EN ISO 9000:2015, without notes] [1]
3.5.9
management system
set of interrelated or interacting elements of an organization to establish policies and objectives, and
processes to achieve those objectives.
[SOURCE: EN ISO 9000:2015, without notes] [1]
3.5.10
nonconformity
non-fulfilment of a requirement.
[SOURCE: EN ISO 9000:2015, without notes] [1]
3.5.11
regulatory requirement
obligatory requirement specified by an authority mandated by a legislative body.
[SOURCE: EN ISO 9000:2015] [1]
3.5.12
requirement
need or expectation that is stated, generally implied or obligatory.
[SOURCE: EN ISO 9000:2015, without notes]
...
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