SIST EN 1822-4:2010
(Main)High efficiency air filters (EPA, HEPA and ULPA) - Part 4: Determining leakage of filter elements (scan method)
High efficiency air filters (EPA, HEPA and ULPA) - Part 4: Determining leakage of filter elements (scan method)
This European Standard applies to efficient air filters (EPA), high efficiency air filters (HEPA) and ultra low penetration air filters (ULPA-filters) used in the field of ventilation and air conditioning and for technical processes, for example, for clean room technology
or applications in the nuclear or pharmaceutical industry. It establishes a procedure for the determination of the efficiency on the basis of a particle counting method using an artificial test aerosol, and allows a standardized classification of these filters in terms of
their efficiency. Part 4 of this standard applies to the leak testing of filter elements. The scan method which is described in detail regarding procedure, apparatus and test conditions in the body of this standard is valid for the complete range of group H and U
filters and is considered to be the reference test method for leak determination. The "Oil Thread Leak Test" according to Annex A and the "0.3 " 0.5 µm Particle Efficiency Leak Test" according to Annex E of EN 1822-1:yyyy may be used alternatively but for defined
classes of group H filters only.
Schwebstofffilter (EPA, HEPA und ULPA) - Teil 4: Leckprüfung des Filterelementes (Scan-Verfahren)
Diese Europäische Norm gilt für Hochleistungs-Partikelfilter (EPA) Schwebstofffilter (HEPA) und
Hochleistungs-Schwebstofffilter (ULPA) im Bereich der Raum- und Prozesslufttechnik, z. B. Anwendungen in
der Reinraumtechnik oder in der pharmazeutischen Industrie.
Sie legt ein Verfahren zur Prüfung des Abscheidegrades auf Basis von Partikelzählverfahren unter Verwendung
eines flüssigen Prüfaerosols fest und ermöglicht eine einheitliche Klassifizierung der Schwebstofffilter
nach dem Abscheidegrad, sowohl nach dem integralen als auch nach dem lokalen Abscheidegrad.
Dieser Teil von EN 1822 gilt für die Leckprüfung von Filterelementen. Das hinsichtlich der Prüf- und Messeinrichtungen,
Prüfbedingungen und Berechnungsgrundlagen im Hauptteil dieser Norm detailliert beschriebene
Scan-Verfahren deckt den gesamten Bereich der HEPA- und ULPA-Filter ab und gilt als das Referenzprüfverfahren
für die Leckprüfung. Der in Anhang A beschriebene Ölfadentest und die „Abscheidegrad-
Leckprüfung für eine Partikelgröße von 0,3 μm bis 0,5 μm“ nach Anhang E können als Alternativverfahren
verwendet werden, jedoch nur für Filter der Gruppe H.
Filtres à air à haute efficacité (EPA, HEPA et ULPA) - Partie 4: Essais d'étanchéité de l'élément filtrant (méthode d'exploration)
La présente Norme européenne est applicable aux filtres à air à haute efficacité (EPA), à très haute efficacité (HEPA) et à très faible pénétration (ULPA), utilisés dans le domaine de la ventilation et de la climatisation ainsi que dans des procédés techniques, tels que les applications en salle blanche ou de l'industrie pharmaceutique.
Elle définit une méthode de détermination de l'efficacité, à partir d'une méthode du comptage de particules à l'aide d'un aérosol d'essai artificiel et permet une classification normalisée de ces filtres en fonction de leur efficacité.
La présente partie de l’EN 1822 s'applique à l'essai d'étanchéité des éléments filtrants. La méthode d'exploration décrite en détail eu égard à la méthode, à l'appareillage et aux conditions d'essai est valable pour la gamme complète de filtres des groupes H et U. Elle est considérée comme la méthode d’essai de référence pour vérifier l’étanchéité. « L’essai au brouillard d’huile » décrit dans l’Annexe A et « l’essai d’étanchéité par comptage particulaire avec des particules de 0,3 μm – 0,5 μm » décrit dans l’Annexe E peuvent être utilisés également, mais uniquement pour des classes définies de filtres du groupe H.
Visoko učinkoviti zračni filtri (EPA, HEPA in ULPA) - 4. del: Določanje prepuščanja delcev skozi filtrske elemente (metoda s skeniranjem)
Ta evropski standard velja za učinkovite zračne filtre (EPA), visoko učinkovite zračne filtre (HEPA) in zračne filtre z ultra nizko penetracijo (ULPA-filtri), ki se uporabljajo na področju prezračevanja in klimatizacije ter za tehnične postopke, npr. za naprave v tehnologiji čistega prostora ali farmacevtski industriji. Vzpostavlja postopek za določitev učinkovitosti na osnovi metode štetja delcev z uporabo umetnega testnega aerosola ter omogoča standardizirano klasifikacijo teh filtrov glede na njihovo učinkovitost. Ta del EN 1822 se nanaša na preskus prepuščanja filtrskih elementov. Metoda s skeniranjem, ki je podrobno opisana v tekstu tega standarda kar se tiče postopka, opreme in pogojev, velja za celoten nabor filtrov skupine H in U ter šteje kot referenčna metoda preskušanja za določitev prepuščanja. "Preskus prepuščanja z oljno sledjo" v skladu s Prilogo A in "preskus prepuščanja 0,3μm–0,5 μm delcev" v skladu s Prilogo E se lahko uporabljata izmenično, a le za opredeljene razrede filtrov skupine H.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Schwebstofffilter (EPA, HEPA und ULPA) - Teil 4: Leckprüfung des Filterelementes (Scan-Verfahren)Filtres à air à haute efficacité (EPA, HEPA et ULPA) - Partie 4: Essais d'étanchéité de l'élément filtrant (méthode d'exploration)High efficiency air filters (EPA, HEPA and ULPA) - Part 4: Determining leakage of filter elements (scan method)23.120QDSUDYHVentilators. Fans. Air-conditionersICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 1822-4:2009SIST EN 1822-4:2010en01-januar-2010SIST EN 1822-4:2010SLOVENSKI
STANDARDSIST EN 1822-4:20011DGRPHãþD
SIST EN 1822-4:2010
EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM
EN 1822-4
November 2009 ICS 13.040.40 Supersedes EN 1822-4:2000English Version
High efficiency air filters (EPA, HEPA and ULPA) - Part 4: Determining leakage of filter elements (scan method)
Filtres à air à haute efficacité (EPA, HEPA et ULPA) - Partie 4: Essais d'étanchéité de l'élément filtrant (méthode d'exploration)
Schwebstofffilter (EPA, HEPA und ULPA) - Teil 4: Leckprüfung des Filterelementes (Scan-Verfahren) This European Standard was approved by CEN on 17 October 2009.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre:
Avenue Marnix 17,
B-1000 Brussels © 2009 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 1822-4:2009: ESIST EN 1822-4:2010
EN 1822-4:2009 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword .4Introduction .51Scope .62Normative references .63Terms and definitions .64Description of the procedure .75Test filter .86Test apparatus .86.1Set-up of the test apparatus .86.2Test duct . 116.2.1Test air conditioning . 116.2.2Adjustment of the volume flow rate . 116.2.3Measurement of the volume flow rate . 116.2.4Aerosol mixing duct . 116.2.5Test filter mounting assembly . 116.2.6Measuring points for the pressure difference . 116.2.7Sampling, upstream . 116.2.8Screening . 126.3Scanning assembly . 126.3.1General . 126.3.2Sampling, downstream . 126.3.3Probe arm . 136.3.4Aerosol transport lines . 136.3.5Provisions to move the probe . 136.4Aerosol generation and measurement techniques . 136.4.1General . 136.4.2Set-up for testing with a monodisperse test aerosol . 146.4.3Set-up for testing with a polydisperse test aerosol . 147Test air . 148Test procedure . 158.1General . 158.2Preparatory checks . 158.3Starting up the aerosol generator . 168.4Preparing the test filter . 168.4.1Installing the test filter . 168.4.2Flushing the test filter . 168.5Testing . 168.5.1Measuring the pressure drop . 168.5.2Testing with monodisperse test aerosol . 178.5.3Testing with polydisperse test aerosol . 178.5.4Leak testing (local penetration) . 178.5.5Determining the mean efficiency of the filter element . 179Evaluation . 189.1Calculating the penetration and the efficiency . 189.2Local penetration . 199.3Mean efficiency . 20SIST EN 1822-4:2010
EN 1822-4:2009 (E) 3 9.4Classification . 2010Test report . 2011Maintenance and inspection of the test apparatus . 21Annex A (normative)
Oil Thread Leak Test . 23Annex B (normative)
Determining the test parameters . 24B.1General . 24B.2Boundary conditions . 24B.3Test filter data . 24B.4Data for the apparatus . 25B.4.1Particle counters . 25B.4.2Downstream sampling probes . 25B.4.3Loss factor . 26B.5Sequence of calculation steps . 26B.6Checking the isokinetic sampling . 27B.7Choosing the probe speed . 28B.8Minimum aerosol concentration . 29B.9Maximum aerosol concentration . 30B.10Leak signal . 31B.10.1Effective value . 31B.10.2Signal difference . 32Annex C (informative)
Example of an application with evaluation . 34Annex D (informative)
Leak Test with solid PSL Aerosol . 37D.1Background . 37D.2General Remarks . 37D.3Test Procedure . 37D.4Test Protocol . 39Annex E (informative)
0,3 µm – 0,5 µm Particle Efficiency Leak Test . 40Bibliography . 42
SIST EN 1822-4:2010
EN 1822-4:2009 (E) 4 Foreword This document (EN 1822-4:2009) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 195 “Air filters for general air cleaning”, the secretariat of which is held by UNI. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by May 2010, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by May 2010. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN 1822-4:2000. It contains requirements, fundamental principles of testing and the marking for efficient particulate air filters (EPA), high efficiency particulate air filters (HEPA) and ultra low penetration air filters (ULPA). The complete European Standard EN 1822, High efficiency air filters (EPA, HEPA and ULPA) will consist of the following parts: Part 1: Classification, performance testing, marking Part 2: Aerosol production, measuring equipment, particle counting statistics Part 3: Testing flat sheet filter media Part 4: Determining leakage of filter elements (scan method) Part 5 : Determining the efficiency of filter elements According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. SIST EN 1822-4:2010
EN 1822-4:2009 (E) 5 Introduction As decided by CEN/TC 195, this European Standard is based on particle counting methods which actually cover most needs of different applications. The difference between this European Standard and previous national standards lies in the technique used for the determination of the integral efficiency. Instead of mass relationships, this technique is based on particle counting at the most penetrating particle size (MPPS), which is for micro-glass filter mediums usually in the range of 0,12 µm to 0,25 µm. This method also allows to test ultra low penetration air filters, which was not possible with the previous test methods because of their inadequate sensitivity. For Membrane and synthetic filter media, separate rules apply; see Annexes A and B of EN 1822-5:2009.
SIST EN 1822-4:2010
EN 1822-4:2009 (E) 6 1 Scope This European Standard applies to efficient air filters (EPA), high efficiency air filters (HEPA) and ultra low penetration air filters (ULPA-filters) used in the field of ventilation and air conditioning and for technical processes, e.g. for applications in clean room technology or pharmaceutical industry. It establishes a procedure for the determination of the efficiency on the basis of a particle counting method using an artificial test aerosol, and allows a standardized classification of these filters in terms of their efficiency. This part of EN 1822 applies to the leak testing of filter elements. The scan method which is described in detail regarding procedure, apparatus and test conditions in the body of this standard is valid for the complete range of group H and U filters and is considered to be the reference test method for leak determination. The “Oil Thread Leak Test” according to Annex A and the “0,3 µm - 0,5 µm Particle Efficiency Leak Test” according to Annex E may be used alternatively but for defined classes of group H filters only. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 1822-1:2009, High efficiency air filters (EPA, HEPA and ULPA) — Part 1: Classification, performance testing, marking EN 1822-2, High efficiency air filters (EPA, HEPA and ULPA) — Part 2: Aerosol production, measuring equipment, particle counting statistics EN 1822-3, High efficiency air filters (EPA, HEPA and ULPA) — Part 3: Testing flat sheet filter media EN 1822-5:2009, High efficiency air filters (EPA, HEPA and ULPA) — Part 5: Determining the efficiency of filter elements EN 14799:2007, Air filters for general air cleaning — Terminology 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN 14799:2007 and the following apply.
3.1 total particle count method particle counting method in which the total number of particles in a certain sample volume is determined without classification according to size (e.g. by using a condensation nucleus counter) 3.2 particle counting and sizing method particle counting method which allows both the determination of the number of particles and also the classification of the particles according to size (e.g. by using an optical particle counter) 3.3 particle flow rate number of particles which are measured or which flow past a specified cross section in unit time SIST EN 1822-4:2010
EN 1822-4:2009 (E) 7 3.4 particle flow distribution distribution of the particle flow over a plane at right angles to the direction of flow 4 Description of the procedure The leakage test serves to test the filter element for local penetration values which exceed permissible levels (see EN 1822-1). For leakage testing the test filter is installed in the mounting assembly and subjected to a test air flow corresponding to the nominal air flow rate. After measuring the pressure drop at the nominal volume flow rate, the filter is purged and the test aerosol produced by the aerosol generator is mixed with the prepared test air along a mixing duct so that it is spread homogeneously over the cross-section of the duct. The particle flow rate on the downstream side of the test filter is smaller than the particle flow rate reaching the filter on the upstream side by the factor mean penetration. The manufacturing irregularities of the filter material or leaks lead to a variation of the particle flow rate over the filter face area. In addition, leaks at the boundary areas and within the components of the test filter (sealant, filter frame, seal of the filter mounting assembly) can lead locally to an increase in the particle flow rate on the downstream side of the test filter. For the leakage test, the particle flow distribution shall be determined on the downstream side of the filter in order to check where the limit values are exceeded. The coordinates of these positions shall be recorded. The scanning tracks shall also cover the area of the filter frame, the corners, the sealant between filter frame and the gasket so that possible leaks in these areas can also be detected. It is advisable to scan filters for leaks with their original gasket mounted and in the same mounting position and air flow direction as they are installed on site. In order to measure the downstream particle flow distribution, a probe with defined geometry shall be used on the downstream side to take a specified partial flow as sample. From this partial flow, a sample volume flow rate shall be led to a particle counter which counts the particles and displays the results as a function of time. During the testing, the probe moves at a defined speed in touching or overlapping tracks without gaps (see B.4.2 and B.4.3) close to the downstream side of the filter element. The measuring period for the downstream particle flow distribution can be shortened by using several measuring systems (partial flow extractors/particle counters) operating in parallel. The measurement of the coordinates of the probe, a defined probe speed, and measurement of the particle flow rate at sufficiently short intervals allow the localisation of leaks. In a further test step, the local penetration shall be measured at this position using a stationary probe. The leakage tests shall always be conducted using MPPS particles (see EN 1822-3), except for filters with Membrane medium as per Annex E of this standard. The size distribution of the aerosol particles can be checked using a particle size analysis system (for example a differential mobility particle sizer, DMPS). The leakage testing can be carried out using either a monodisperse or polydisperse test aerosol. It shall be ensured that the median particle diameter corresponds to the MPPS particle diameter, at which the filter medium has its minimum efficiency. When testing with a monodisperse aerosol, the total particle counting method can be used with a condensation nucleus counter (CNC) or an optical particle counter (OPC; e.g. a laser particle counter). When using a polydisperse aerosol, an optical particle counter shall be used which counts the particles and measures their size distribution. SIST EN 1822-4:2010
EN 1822-4:2009 (E) 8 If scan testing is carried out as an automatic procedure it also allows determination of the mean efficiency of the test filter from the measurement of the particle concentration. The mean particle concentration on the downstream side is calculated from the total particle number counted while the probe traverses the passage area. The reference volume is the volume of air analyzed by the particle counter over this period of time. The particle concentration on the upstream side of the test filter shall be measured at a representative position on the duct cross-section. This method for determining the integral efficiency is equivalent to the method with fixed probes specified in EN 1822-5. 5 Test filter A test filter shall be used for the leak testing which does not show any visible signs of damage or other irregularities, and which can be sealed in position and subjected to flow in accordance with requirements. The temperature of the test filter during the tests shall correspond to the temperature of the test air. The filter element shall be handled with care, and shall be clearly and permanently marked with the following details: a) Designation of the filter element; b) The upstream side of the filter element. 6 Test apparatus 6.1 Set-up of the test apparatus Figure 1 shows the set-up of the test apparatus. This layout is valid for tests with a monodisperse or with a polydisperse aerosol. The only differences between these lie in the technique used to measure the particles and the way the aerosol is generated. SIST EN 1822-4:2010
EN 1822-4:2009 (E) 9
Key 1 Pre-filter for the test air 2 Fan with speed regulator 3 Air heater
4 Aerosol inlet in the duct 5 Aerosol generator with conditioning of supply air and aerosol flow regulator 6 Measurement of atmospheric pressure, temperature and relative humidity 7 Upstream side mixing section 8 Sampling point for upstream particle counting 9 Dilution system (optional) 10 Particle counter, upstream 11 Sheath flow (optional) 12 Test filter 13 Sampling point and partial flow extraction, downstream 14 Traversing system for probe 15 Volume flow rate measurement 16 Particle counter, downstream 17 Computer for control and data storage 18 Measuring system to check the test aerosol 19 Measurement of differential pressure Figure 1 — Diagram of test apparatus SIST EN 1822-4:2010
EN 1822-4:2009 (E) 10 An example of a test rig is shown in Figure 2 (without particle measuring equipment).
Key 1 Coarse dust filter 2 Fine dust filter 3 Fan 4 Air heater 5 Dampers to adjust test and sheath air 6 High efficiency air filter for the test air 7 Aerosol inlet in the duct 8 Test air flow 9 Sheath air flow 10 Effective pressure measuring device 11 Differential pressure 12 Atmospheric pressure 13 Temperature measurement 14 Hygrometer 15 Sampling point for particle size analysis 16 Sampling point, upstream 17 High efficiency air filter for the sheath air 18 Measurement of pressure drop 19 Measurement of sheath air speed 20 Test filter 21 Flow equalizer for the sheath air flow 22 Filter mounting assembly 23 Screening (linked to the filter mounting assembly during the testing) 24 Traversing probe arm with downstream sampling probe 25 Probe traversing system 26 Downstream sampling point Figure 2 — Test duct for scan testing The basic details for the generation and neutralization of the aerosol, together with the details of suitable types of equipment and detailed descriptions of measuring instruments needed for the testing, are contained in EN 1822-2. SIST EN 1822-4:2010
EN 1822-4:2009 (E) 11 6.2 Test duct 6.2.1 Test air conditioning The test air conditioning unit contains the equipment needed to condition the test air flow (see Clause 7). The test air flow shall be so prepared that it complies with the specifications in Clause 7 and does not exceed the limit values specified there during the course of the efficiency testing. 6.2.2 Adjustment of the volume flow rate It shall be possible by means of a suitable provision (e.g. changes to the speed of the fan, or by dampers) to produce the volume flow rate with a reproducibility of ± 3 %. The nominal volume flow rate shall then remain in this range throughout the testing. 6.2.3 Measurement of the volume flow rate The volume flow rate shall be measured using a standardized or calibrated method (e.g. measurement of the pressure drop using standardized damper equipment such as orifice plates, nozzles, Venturi tubes in accordance with EN ISO 5167-1). The limit error of measurement shall not exceed 5 % (of the measured value). 6.2.4 Aerosol mixing duct The aerosol input and the mixing duct (see example in Figure 1) shall be so constructed that the aerosol concentration measured at individual points of the duct cross section directly in front of the test filter shall not deviate by more than 10 % from the mean value obtained from at least nine measuring points spread evenly over the duct cross section. 6.2.5 Test filter mounting assembly The test filter mounting assembly shall ensure that the test filter can be sealed and subjected to flow in accordance with requirements. It shall not obstruct any part of the passage area of the filter. It is advisable to scan filters for leaks in the same mounting position and air flow direction as they are installed on site. 6.2.6 Measuring points for the pressure difference The measuring points for pressure shall be so arranged that the mean value of the difference between static pressure in the upstream flow and the pressure of the surrounding air can be measured. The plane of the pressure measurements shall be positioned in a region of uniform flow. In rectangular or square test ducts, smooth holes with a diameter of 1 mm to 2 mm for the pressure measurements shall be bored in the middle of the duct walls, normal to the direction of flow. The four measurement holes shall be interconnected with a circular pipe. 6.2.7 Sampling, upstream Samples are taken upstream by means of one or more sampling probes in front of the test filter. The probe diameter shall be chosen so that, at an average flow velocity, isokinetic conditions pertain at the given volume flow rate for the sample. Sampling errors which arise due to other flow velocities in the duct can be neglected due to the small size of the particles in the test aerosol. The connections to the particle counter shall be as short as possible. SIST EN 1822-4:2010
EN 1822-4:2009 (E) 12 The sampling shall be representative, which is taken to be the case when the aerosol concentration measured from the sample does not deviate by more than 10 % from the mean value determined in accordance with 6.2.4. The mean aerosol concentrations determined at the upstream and downstream sampling points without the test filter in position shall not differ from each other by more than 5 %. 6.2.8 Screening The downstream side of the test filter shall be completely screened from impurities in the surrounding air. Furthermore, for the correct detection and localisation of leaks in the edges of the filter, in the gasket, the filter frame or the sealant the flow of particles in these sections shall be led away directly in the section that is covered by scanning. This can be achieved, for example, if the outer sides of the filter frame are enclosed by a shrouding flow of particle-free air flowing in the downstream direction. The scanning tracks shall also cover the area of the filter frame, the corners, and if possible the area between filter frame and gasket so that possible leaks in these areas are detected. A validation of the test rig shall be performed to verify that leaks in these areas are detected with the same probability and sensitivity as media leaks, being located in the middle of the filter. 6.3 Scanning assembly 6.3.1 General In addition to the automated testing for l
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