ASTM E1560-95(2001)

Standard Test Method for Gravimetric Determination of Nonvolatile Residue From Cleanroom Wipers

SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of solvent extractable nonvolatile residue (NVR) from wipers used in assembly, cleaning, or testing of spacecraft, but not from those used for analytical surface sampling of hardware.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 The NVR of interest is that which can be extracted from cleanroom wipers using a specified solvent that has been selected for its extractive qualities. Alternative solvents may be selected, but since their use may result in different values being generated, they must be identified in the procedure data sheet.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 09-Sep-1995
• ICS: 49.025.99 - Other materials
• ICS: 71.040.50 - Physicochemical methods of analysis
• Technical Committee: E21 - Space Simulation and Applications of Space Technology
• Drafting Committee: E21.05 - Contamination

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM E1560-95e1 - Standard Test Method for Gravimetric Determination of Nonvolatile Residue From Cleanroom Wipers
• Effective Date: 10-Sep-1995
• Replaced By: ASTM E1560-06 - Standard Test Method for Gravimetric Determination of Nonvolatile Residue From Cleanroom Wipers
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2006
• Referred By: ASTM E2900-19 - Standard Practice for Spacecraft Hardware Thermal Vacuum Bakeout
• Effective Date: 10-Sep-1995
• Referred By: ASTM E2042/E2042M-09(2021) - Standard Practice for Cleaning and Maintaining Controlled Areas and Clean Rooms
• Effective Date: 10-Sep-1995
• Referred By: ASTM E2312-11(2019) - Standard Practice for Tests of Cleanroom Materials
• Effective Date: 10-Sep-1995
• Referred By: ASTM G120-15(2023) - Standard Practice for Determination of Soluble Residual Contamination by Soxhlet Extraction
• Effective Date: 10-Sep-1995
• Referred By: ASTM E1549/E1549M-13(2022) - Standard Specification for ESD Controlled Garments Required in Cleanrooms and Controlled Environments for Spacecraft for Non-Hazardous and Hazardous Operations
• Effective Date: 10-Sep-1995
• Referred By: ASTM E2352-19 - Standard Practice for Aerospace Cleanrooms and Associated Controlled Environments—Cleanroom Operations
• Effective Date: 10-Sep-1995

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:E1560–95 (Reapproved 2001)
Standard Test Method for
Gravimetric Determination of Nonvolatile Residue From
Cleanroom Wipers
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E 1560; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope MIL-F-51068F Filters, Particulate (High Efficiency, Fire
,
4 5
Resistant)
1.1 This test method covers the determination of solvent
MIL-P-27401 Propellant, Pressurizing Agent, Nitrogen
extractable nonvolatile residue (NVR) from wipers used in
MIL–STD 105D Sampling Procedures and Tables for In-
assembly, cleaning, or testing of spacecraft, but not from those
spection by Attributes
used for analytical surface sampling of hardware.
MIL-STD-1246B Product Cleanliness Levels and Contami-
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
nation Control Program
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
2.3 Federal Standards:
standard.
Fed Spec. O-E-00760 Ethyl Alcohol
1.3 The NVR of interest is that which can be extracted from
FedSpec.O-T-620 1,1,1-Trichloroethane,Technical,Inhib-
cleanroom wipers using a specified solvent that has been
ited (Methyl Chloroform)
selectedforitsextractivequalities.Alternativesolventsmaybe
Fed. Std. 209E Airborne Particulate Classes for Clean-
selected,butsincetheirusemayresultindifferentvaluesbeing
rooms and Clean Zones
generated, they must be identified in the procedure data sheet.
2.4 Other Documents:
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
Industrial Ventilation, A Manual of Recommended Practice,
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
Latest Edition
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
3. Terminology
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
3.1 Definitions:
2. Referenced Documents 3.1.1 contaminant—unwanted molecular or particulate mat-
ter that could affect or degrade the performance of the
2.1 ASTM Standards:
2 components on which they are deposited.
D 1193 Specification for Reagent Water
3.1.2 contamination—a process of contaminant transport or
F 24 Test Method for Measuring and Counting Particulate
3 accretion or both.
Contamination on Surfaces
3.1.3 environmentally controlled area—cleanrooms, clean
F 50 Practice for Continuous Sizing and Counting of Air-
facilities, controlled work areas, and other enclosures that are
borne Particles in Dust-ControlledAreas and Clean Rooms
designed to protect hardware from contamination. Cleanliness
Using Instruments Capable of Detecting Single Sub-
3 is achieved by controlling airborne particulate matter, tempera-
Micrometre and Larger Particles
ture, relative humidity, materials, garments, and personnel
2.2 Military Standards:
activities.GuidelinesforcontrolledareascanbefoundinTable
Air Force T.O. 00-25-203 Contamination Control of Aero-
3-1 of Air Force T.O. 00-25-203.
space Facilities, U.S. Air Force
3.1.4 high effıciency particulate air (HEPA)—a term de-
scribing filters having an efficiency of 99.97 % for removal of
0.3-µm and larger particles. For this application, filters shall
This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee E21 on Space
meet the requirements of 2.3 and 6.1 of this test method.
Simulation andApplications of Space Technology and is the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee E21.05 on Contamination.
Current edition approved Sept. 10, 1995. Published May 1996. Originally
published as E 1560 – 93. Last previous edition E 1560 – 93. The use of Di Octyl Phthalate (DOP) in leak testing of filters or filter
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 11.01. installation is not acceptable.
3 6
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 15.03. Available from Committee on Industrial Ventilation, American Conference of
AvailablefromStandardizationDocumentsOrderDesk,Bldg.4SectionD,700 Governmental Industrial Hygienists, 1330 Kemper Meadow Dr., Suite 600, Cincin-
Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5098, Attn: NPODS. nati, OH 45240.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
E1560
3.1.5 molecular contaminant (nonparticulate)—may be in a 6.4 Analytical balance, 0.1-mg readability, 0.1-mg preci-
gaseous, liquid, or solid state. It may be uniformly or nonuni- sion. Capacity to be determined by user.
formly distributed or be in the form of droplets. Molecular 6.5 Vacuum filtration system, 25-mm diameter, consisting of
contaminants account for most of the NVR. a membrane filter funnel and vacuum pump that will provide
a pressure of 250 Torr (20-in. Hg vac.). See Fig. 1. Other size
3.1.6 NVR—that quantity of molecular matter remaining
filters may be used as needed. All items that will come in
after the filtration of a solvent containing contaminants and
contactwithsolventsduringanalysisshallbeofglass,stainless
evaporation of the solvent at a specified temperature.
steel, or other material that will not affect the analysis via
3.1.7 particle (particulate contaminant)—a piece of matter
induced contaminants.
in a solid state, with observable length, width, and thickness.
6.6 Solvent resistant membrane filters, Fluorocarbon,
The size of a particle is defined by its greatest dimensions and
25-mm diameter, 0.2-µm nominal pore size. The use of
is expressed in µm.
supported membrane filters is not recommended because of
possible adverse effects of the solvent on the support media.
4. Summary of Test Method
6.7 Teflon-coated tweezers, or hemostat, unserrated tips.
4.1 A wiper to be tested is placed in a clean blanked
6.8 Beakers, low form glass, 500 ml.
container and a measured volume of solvent is added to the 10
6.9 Laboratory detergent, liquid.
container.
6.10 Methanol, Reagent grade, A.C.S.
4.2 The container is placed in a heated ultrasonic cleaner
6.11 Acetone, Reagent grade, A.C.S.
and agitated by ultrasonic action for a specified period of time
6.12 Deionized water, organic free, Type II per Specifica-
and the wiper is removed from the container.
tion D 1193 with a minimum resistivity of 1.0 MV/cm.
4.3 The solvent in the container is filtered into another clean
6.13 Gloves, Barrier-type, low particle-generating, low
container and allowed to evaporate to a low volume. outgassing, per I.E.S. Recommended Practice RP-CC-005-88.
6.14 NVR solvent, consisting of three parts 1,1,1-
4.4 The solvent is transferred to a clean preweighed weigh-
Trichloroethane and one part ethanol v/v. Must be verified to
ing dish and evaporated to constant weight.
contain no more than 0.35-mg NVR per 300-mL solvent (0.12
4.5 The results are expressed in milligrams/0.1 square
mg per 100 mL) when tested in accordance with Section 8 of
metres of wiper surface area or in mg/unit mass of wiper.
this test method.
4.6 A control blank shall be run on all solvents, filtration
components, and all other equipment associated with the
NOTE 1—In the event that the solvent does not meet the required purity
analysis. In the event that more than one determination is run level, it may be necessary to triple distill it, keeping the temperature of the
vapor phase of the distillate no more than 0.2°C higher than the boiling
the same day, additional blanks will not be necessary, but will
point of the solvent. Higher temperatures will result in the “carryover” of
rely on the blank value from the first test.
heavier fractions in the vapor phase, which will cause the solvent to fail
4.7 NVRsamplesthusobtainedwillbesavedforanalysisto
the required purity tests.
identify contaminant species if a more complete analysis is
6.15 Ultrasonic tank, 5.7-L capacity nominal, with heater
necessary.
capable of maintaining a temperature of 35 6 2°C, and cover
to position beakers in tank. Other sizes may be used.
5. Significance and Use
6.16 Evaporating dishes, aluminum foil, 43-mm diameter.
5.1 The NVR obtained by this test method is that amount
6.17 Drying oven, cleanroom compatible, stainless steel
which is available for release by wipers in normal use.
interior.
5.2 Evaporation of the solvent at the stated temperature is to
7. Preparation of Equipment
quantify the NVR that can be expected to exist at room
temperature, since the slight difference between room tempera- 7.1 All operations shall be performed in a work station per
6.1.
ture and test temperature has not been shown to result in
significant variances.
5.3 Numerous other methods are being used to determine
Analytical Balance, Mettler Model AE 240, Sartorius Model 2405, Sartorius
NVR. This test method is not intended to replace test methods
Model 2434, and Cahn Model TA 4100 or similar units are acceptable.
Vacuum System, Fisher Scientific, P/N 09-750 is acceptable. Other makes and
used for other applications.
models may be used.
Nuclepore Corp. PTFE Filinert membrane filter, P/N 130606, and Millipore
6. Apparatus and Materials
Corp. Fluoropore filter, P/N 02500 have been found to be satisfactory. Other
equivalent, solvent-resistant filters may be used. Larger diameter filters to fit larger
6.1 Unidirectional airflow work station, 100 % exhaust for
filter assemblies are acceptable.
handling solvents. Must meet the particulate air cleanliness
A 3 % solution of Micro-clean, Liqui-nox, Joy, or similar products is
Class M3.5 (100), or better in accordance with Federal acceptable.
Gloves are necessary to protect the analyst from exposure to NVR solvent and
Standard 209, latest revision. HEPA filters in the work station
to minimize the possibility of introducing any artifacts from the analyst into the
must not have been tested with Di-Octyl Phthalate (DOP) at
sample. Must be solvent resistant and provide a firm grip on items being grasped by
any time. Temperature shall be controlled within a range of 20
the gloves.
Evaporating dishes, VWR Cat. No. 25433-008 are satisfactory. Other equiva-
to 25°C and relative humidity to less than 50 %.
lent brands may be used.
6.2 Solvent, 1,1,1-Trichloroethane per 2.10.
Dryingoven,stainlesssteelinterior,BlueMCorp.ModelOV-8A
...