ASTM D1922-06a

Standard Test Method for Propagation Tear Resistance of Plastic Film and Thin Sheeting by Pendulum Method

SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the average force to propagate tearing through a specified length of plastic film or nonrigid sheeting after the tear has been started, using an Elmendorf-type tearing tester. Two specimens are cited, a rectangular type, and one with a constant radius testing length. The latter shall be the preferred or referee specimen.
1.2 Because of (1) difficulties in selecting uniformly identical specimens, (2) the varying degree of orientation in some plastic films, and ( 3) the difficulty found in testing highly extensible or highly oriented materials, or both, the reproducibility of the test results may be variable and, in some cases, not good or misleading. Provisions are made in the test method to compensate for oblique directional tearing which may be found with some materials.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in brackets are for information only.
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precautionary statements are given in .Note 1
This standard and ISO 6383-2 are technically equivalent.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-Mar-2006
• ICS: 83.140.10 - Films and sheets
• Technical Committee: D20 - Plastics
• Drafting Committee: D20.19 - Film, Sheeting, and Molded Products

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM D1922-06 - Standard Test Method for Propagation Tear Resistance of Plastic Film and Thin Sheeting by Pendulum Method
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2006
• Replaced By: ASTM D1922-08 - Standard Test Method for Propagation Tear Resistance of Plastic Film and Thin Sheeting by Pendulum Method
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2008
• Referred By: ASTM D4649-20 - Standard Guide for Use of Stretch Films and Wrapping Application
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2006
• Referred By: ASTM D2103-15 - Standard Specification for Polyethylene Film and Sheeting
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2006
• Referred By: ASTM G218-19 - Standard Guide for External Corrosion Protection of Ductile Iron Pipe Utilizing Polyethylene Encasement Supplemented by Cathodic Protection
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2006
• Referred By: ASTM F2097-20 - Standard Guide for Design and Evaluation of Primary Flexible Packaging for Medical Products
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2006
• Referred By: ASTM D5047-17 - Standard Specification for Polyethylene Terephthalate Film and Sheeting
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2006
• Referred By: ASTM D4635-16 - Standard Specification for Plastic Films Made from Low-Density Polyethylene and Linear Low-Density Polyethylene for General Use and Packaging Applications
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2006
• Referred By: ASTM D4869/D4869M-16a(2021) - Standard Specification for Asphalt-Saturated Organic Felt Underlayment Used in Steep Slope Roofing
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2006
• Referred By: ASTM F2902-16e1 - Standard Guide for Assessment of Absorbable Polymeric Implants
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2006
• Referred By: ASTM D3420-21 - Standard Test Method for Pendulum Impact Resistance of Plastic Film
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2006
• Referred By: ASTM D228/D228M-21 - Standard Test Methods for Sampling, Testing, and Analysis of Asphalt Roll Roofing, Cap Sheets, and Shingles Used in Roofing and Waterproofing
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2006
• Referred By: ASTM D2673-14(2022) - Standard Specification for Oriented Polypropylene Film
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2006
• Referred By: ASTM D8195-18 - Standard Classification System and Basis for Specification for Polyethylene Terephthalate Film and Sheeting
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2006
• Referred By: ASTM D8065/D8065M-16 - Standard Classification System and Basis for Specification for Specifying Plastic Films
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2006

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:D1922–06a
Standard Test Method for
Propagation Tear Resistance of Plastic Film and Thin
1
Sheeting by Pendulum Method
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 1922; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope* 2. Referenced Documents
2 3
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the 2.1 ASTM Standards:
averageforcetopropagatetearingthroughaspecifiedlengthof D 374 Test Methods for Thickness of Solid Electrical Insu-
plastic film or nonrigid sheeting after the tear has been started, lation
using an Elmendorf-type tearing tester. Two specimens are D 618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for Testing
cited, a rectangular type, and one with a constant radius testing D 689 Test Method for Internal Tearing Resistance of Paper
length. The latter shall be the preferred or referee specimen. D 1004 Test Method for Tear Resistance (Graves Tear) of
1.2 Because of (1) difficulties in selecting uniformly iden- Plastic Film and Sheeting
tical specimens, (2) the varying degree of orientation in some D 4000 Classification System for Specifying Plastic Mate-
plastic films, and (3) the difficulty found in testing highly rials
extensible or highly oriented materials, or both, the reproduc- E 691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
ibilityofthetestresultsmaybevariableand,insomecases,not Determine the Precision of a Test Method
good or misleading. Provisions are made in the test method to 2.2 ISO Standard:
address oblique directional tearing which may be found with ISO 6383-2 Plastics—Film and Sheeting—Determination
4
some materials. of Tear Resistance—Part 2 Elmendorf Method
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
3. Summary of Test Method
standard.Thevaluesgiveninbracketsareforinformationonly.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the 3.1 The force in grams required to propagate tearing across
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the a film or sheeting specimen is measured using a precisely
calibrated pendulum device. Acting by gravity, the pendulum
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica- swings through an arc, tearing the specimen from a precut slit.
The specimen is held on one side by the pendulum and on the
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precau-
tionary statements are given in 13.1. other side by a stationary member. The loss in energy by the
pendulum is indicated by a pointer. The scale indication is a
NOTE 1—This standard and ISO 6383-2 are technically equivalent.
function of the force required to tear the specimen.
4. Significance and Use
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D20 on Plastics
4.1 This test method is of value in ranking relative tearing
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.19 on Film and Sheeting.
Current edition approved April 1, 2006. Published April 2006. Originally
resistance of various plastic films and thin sheeting of compa-
approved in 1961. Last previous edition approved in 2006 as D 1922 - 06.
rable thickness. Experience has shown the test to have its best
2
This test method has been adapted from TAPPI Standard Method T 414M-49,
reliability on relatively less extensible films and sheeting.
Internal Tearing Resistance of Paper. In testing certain plastic films, problems of
reproducibility and interpretation of results are encountered which require special Variable elongation and oblique tearing effects on the more
treatment to make the test method of most value. This test method is revised here
extensiblefilmsprecludeitsuseasapreciseproduction-control
specifically for use with plastic film and thin sheeting. For more complete
explanation of certain aspects of the equipment, its calibration and adjustment, refer
3
to TAPPI Standard Method T 414M-49. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
The following additional references may be of interest in connection with this contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
test method: Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Painter,E.V.,Chu,C.C.,andMorgan,H.M.,“TestingTextilesontheElmendorf the ASTM website.
4
Tear Tester,” Textile Research Journal, Vol XX, No. 6, June 1950, pp. 410–417. Available fromAmerican National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
Elmendorf, A., “Strength Test for Paper,” Paper, Vol 26, April 21,
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