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ASTM D5967-05

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Diesel Engine Oils in T-8 Diesel Engine

Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Diesel Engine Oils in T-8 Diesel Engine

SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers an engine test procedure for evaluating diesel engine oils for performance characteristics, including viscosity increase and soot concentrations (loading). This test method is commonly referred to as the Mack T-8.
1.2 This test method also provides the procedure for running an extended length T-8 test, which is commonly referred to as the T-8E and an abbreviated length test, which is commonly referred to as T-8A. The procedures for the T-8E and the T-8A are identical to the T-8 with the exception of the items specifically listed in and respectively. Additionally, the procedure modifications listed in and refer to the corresponding section of the T-8 procedure.
1.3 The values stated in either SI or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as the standard. Within the text, the inch-pound units are generally shown in parentheses when combined with SI units, and vice versa.
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. See for specific safety precautions.
1.4 A Table of Contents follows:

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
31-Oct-2005
ICS
75.100 - Lubricants, industrial oils and related products
Technical Committee
D02 - Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
Drafting Committee
D02.B0.02 - Heavy Duty Engine Oils
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM D5967-04 - Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Diesel Engine Oils in T-8 Diesel Engine
Effective Date
01-Nov-2005
Replaced By
ASTM D5967-07 - Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Diesel Engine Oils in T-8 Diesel Engine
Effective Date
01-Nov-2007
Referred By
ASTM D7422-22 - Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Diesel Engine Oils in T-12 Exhaust Gas Recirculation Diesel Engine
Effective Date
01-Nov-2005
Referred By
ASTM D7317-07(2019) - Standard Test Method for Coagulated Pentane Insolubles in Used Lubricating Oils by Paper Filtration (LMOA Method)
Effective Date
01-Nov-2005
Referred By
ASTM D4485-22e1 - Standard Specification for Performance of Active API Service Category Engine Oils
Effective Date
01-Nov-2005
Referred By
ASTM D7549-23 - Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Heavy-Duty Engine Oils under High Output Conditions—Caterpillar C13 Test Procedure
Effective Date
01-Nov-2005
Referred By
ASTM D7468-22 - Standard Test Method for Cummins ISM Test
Effective Date
01-Nov-2005
Referred By
ASTM D7686-23 - Standard Test Method for Field-Based Condition Monitoring of Soot in In-Service Lubricants Using a Fixed-Filter Infrared (IR) Instrument
Effective Date
01-Nov-2005
Referred By
ASTM D6895-21 - Standard Test Method for Rotational Viscosity of Heavy Duty Diesel Drain Oils at 100 °C
Effective Date
01-Nov-2005
Referred By
ASTM D7844-22a - Standard Test Method for Condition Monitoring of Soot in In-Service Lubricants by Trend Analysis using Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) Spectrometry
Effective Date
01-Nov-2005
Referred By
ASTM D8074-22 - Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Diesel Engine Oils in DD13 Diesel Engine
Effective Date
01-Nov-2005
Referred By
ASTM D8279-23 - Standard Test Method for Determination of Timing-Chain Wear in a Turbocharged, Direct-Injection, Spark-Ignition, Four-Cylinder Engine
Effective Date
01-Nov-2005
Referred By
ASTM D7583-16(2023) - Standard Test Method for John Deere Coolant Cavitation Test
Effective Date
01-Nov-2005
Referred By
ASTM D7596-23 - Standard Test Method for Automatic Particle Counting and Particle Shape Classification of Oils Using a Direct Imaging Integrated Tester
Effective Date
01-Nov-2005
Referred By
ASTM D6923-23 - Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Engine Oils in a High Speed, Single-Cylinder Diesel Engine—Caterpillar 1R Test Procedure
Effective Date
01-Nov-2005

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ASTM D5967-05 - Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Diesel Engine Oils in T-8 Diesel EngineASTM D5967-05 - Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Diesel Engine Oils in T-8 Diesel Engine
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ASTM D5967-05 - Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Diesel Engine Oils in T-8 Diesel Engine
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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
An American National Standard
Designation:D5967–05
Standard Test Method for
1
Evaluation of Diesel Engine Oils in T-8 Diesel Engine
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 5967; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
Scope 1
Referenced Documents 2
1.1 This test method covers an engine test procedure for
Terminology 3
evaluating diesel engine oils for performance characteristics,
Summary of Test Method 4
2
Significance and Use 5
includingviscosityincreaseandsootconcentrations(loading).
Apparatus 6
This test method is commonly referred to as the Mack T-8.
General Description 6.1
1.2 Thistestmethodalsoprovidestheprocedureforrunning
The Test Engine 6.2
Mack Test Engine 6.2.1
an extended length T-8 test, which is commonly referred to as
Engine Cooling System 6.2.2
the T-8E and an abbreviated length test, which is commonly
Engine Oil System 6.2.3
referred to as T-8A. The procedures for the T-8E and the T-8A Auxiliary Oil System 6.2.4
Crankcase Aspiration 6.2.5
are identical to the T-8 with the exception of the items
Blowby Meter 6.2.6
specifically listed in Annex A8 and Annex A9 respectively.
Air Supply and Filtration 6.2.7
Additionally, the procedure modifications listed in Annex A8 Fuel Supply 6.2.8
Intake Manifold Temperature Control 6.2.9
and Annex A9 refer to the corresponding section of the T-8
Engine Fluids 7
procedure.
Test Oil 7.1
1.3 The values stated in either SI or inch-pound units are to Test Fuel 7.2
Engine Coolant 7.3
be regarded separately as the standard. Within the text, the
Cleaning Materials 7.4
inch-pound units are generally shown in parentheses when
Preparation of Apparatus at Rebuild 8
combined with SI units, and vice versa. Cleaning of Parts 8.1
Valves, Seats, Guides, and Springs 8.2
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
Cylinder Liner, Piston, and Piston Ring Assembly 8.3
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
Injectors and Injection Pump 8.4
Assembly Instructions 8.5
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
Measurements 8.6
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
Laboratory and Engine Test Stand Calibration/Non-Reference 9
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. See Annex A6 for
Requirements
Calibration Frequency 9.1
specific safety precautions.
Calibration Reference Oils 9.2
1.5 A Table of Contents follows:
Test Numbering 9.3
New Laboratories and New Test Stands 9.4
Calibrated Laboratories and Test Stands 9.5
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Calibration Test Acceptance 9.6
Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee Failing Calibration Tests 9.7
Non-Reference Oil Test Requirements 9.8
D02.B0 on Automotive Lubricants.
Procedure 10
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2005. Published November 2005. Originally
Pretest Procedure 10.1
approved in 1996. Last previous edition approved in 2004 as D 5967–04.
2
Engine Start-Up 10.2
The ASTM Test Monitoring Center will update changes in this test method by
Engine Shutdown 10.3
means of Information Letters. This edition incorporates revisions contained in all
Test Cycle 10.4
information letters through 05–1. Information letters may be obtained from the
Oil Addition/Drain 10.5
ASTM Test Monitoring Center, 6555 Penn Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15206-4489,
Oil Samples 10.6
Attention: Administrator.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D5967–05
D 2274 Test Method for Oxidation Stability of Distillate
Oil Consumption Calculations 10.7
Fuel Samples 10.8
Fuel Oil (Accelerated Method)
Periodic Measurements 10.9
D 2500 Test Method for Cloud Point of Petroleum Products
Blowby 10.10
D 2622 Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum Products by
Centrifugal Oil Filter Mass Gain 10.11
Oil Filter DP Calculation 10.12
Wavelength Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometry
Post Test 10.13
D 2709 Test Method for Water and Sediment in Middle
Inspection of Fuel and Oil During Test 11
Distillate Fuels by Centrifuge
Oil Inspection 11.1
Fuel Inspections 11.2
D 4052 Test Method for Density and Relative Density of
Oil Consumption 11.3
Liquids by Digital Density Meter
Report 12
Reporting Test Results 12.1 D 4485 Specification for Performance of Engine Oils
Deviations from Test Operational Limits 12.2
D 4737 Test Method for Calculated Cetane Index by Four
Electronic Transmission of Test Results 12.3
Variable Equation
Plots of Operational Data 12.4
Precis
...

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ASTM D6792-23c(Practice)
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Note 1: These limits are imposed since the precision of this test method has been determined only up to or within the range of these bromine numbers.  
1.2 The magnitude of the bromine number is an indication of the quantity of bromine-reactive constituents, not an identification of constituents; therefore, its application as a measure of olefinic unsaturation should not be undertaken without the study given in Annex A1.  
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1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.  
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The low-temperature, low-shear-rate viscosity of automatic transmission fluids, gear oils, torque and tractor fluids, and industrial and automotive hydraulic oils (see Appendix X4) are of considerable importance to the proper operation of many mechanical devices. Measurement of the viscometric properties of these oils and fluids at low temperatures is often used to specify their acceptance for service. This test method is used in a number of specifications.  
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1.4.2 The viscosity data used for Procedure D precision study was from 6400 mPa·s to 256 000 mPa·s at test temperatures of –26 °C and –40 °C.  
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Standard Practice for Condition Monitoring of In-Service Lubricants by Trend Analysis Using Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) Spectrometry

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5.1 Periodic sampling and analysis of lubricants have long been used as a means to determine overall machinery health. Atomic emission (AE) and atomic absorption (AA) spectroscopy are often employed for wear metal analysis (for example, Test Method D5185). A number of physical property tests complement wear metal analysis and are used to provide information on lubricant condition (for example, Test Methods D445, D2896, and D6304). Molecular analysis of lubricants and hydraulic fluids by FT-IR spectroscopy produces direct information on molecular species of interest, including additives, fluid breakdown products and external contaminants, and thus complements wear metal and other analyses used in a condition monitoring program (1, 2-6).
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1.2 This practice is based on trending and distribution response analysis from mid-infrared absorption measurements. While calibration to generate physical concentration units may be possible, it is unnecessary or impractical in many cases. Warning or alarm limits (the point where maintenance action on a machine being monitored is recommended or required) can be determined through statistical analysis, history of the same or similar equipment, round robin tests or other methods in conjunction with correlation to equipment performance. These warning or alarm limits can be a fixed maximum or minimum value for comparison to a single measurement or can also be based on a rate of change of the response measured (1) .2 This practice describes distributions but does not preclude using rate-of-change warnings and alarms.
Note 1: It is not the intent of this practice to establish or recommend normal, cautionary, warning or alert limits for any machinery. Such limits should be established in conjunction with advice and guidance from the machinery manufacturer and maintenance group.  
1.3 Spectra and distribution profiles presented herein are for illustrative purposes only and are not to be construed as representing or establishing lubricant or machinery guidelines.  
1.4 This practice is designed as a fast, simple spectroscopic check for condition monitoring of in-service lubricants and can be used to assist in the determination of general machinery health through measurement of properties observable in the mid-infrared spectrum such as water, oil oxidation, and others as noted in 1.1. The infrared data generated by this practice is typically used in conjunction with other testing methods. For example, infrared spectroscopy cannot determine wear metal levels or any other type of elemental analysis. The practice as presented is not intended for the prediction of lubricant physical properties (for example, viscosity, total base number, total acid number, etc.). This practice is designed for monitoring in-service lubricants and can aid in the determination of general machinery health and is not designed for the analysis of lubricant composition, lubricant performance or additive package formulations.  
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of t...

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ASTM D7216-23(Test Method)
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5.2 This test method requires that non-reference oil(s) be tested in parallel with a reference oil known to be aggressive for some parameters under service conditions. This relative  compatibility permits decisions on the anticipated or predicted performance of the non-reference oil in service.  
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SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers quantitative procedures for the evaluation of the compatibility of automotive engine oils with several reference elastomers typical of those used in the sealing materials in contact with these oils. Compatibility is evaluated by determining the changes in volume, Durometer A hardness, and tensile properties when the elastomer specimens are immersed in the oil for a specified time and temperature.  
1.2 Effective sealing action requires that the physical properties of elastomers used for any seal have a high level of resistance to the liquid or oil in which they are immersed. When such a high level of resistance exists, the elastomer is said to be compatible with the liquid or oil.
Note 1: The user of this test method should be proficient in the use of Test Methods D412 (tensile properties), D471 (effect of rubber immersion in liquids), D2240 (Durometer hardness), and D5662 (gear oil compatibility with typical oil seal elastomers), all of which are involved in the execution of the operations of this test method.  
1.3 This test method provides a preliminary or first order evaluation of oil/elastomer compatibility only. Because seals might be subjected to static or dynamic loads, or both, and they can operate over a range of conditions, a complete evaluation of the potential sealing performance of any elastomer-oil combination in any service condition usually requires tests additional to those described in this test method.  
1.4 The several reference elastomer formulations specified in this test method were chosen to be representative of those used in both heavy-duty diesel engines (detailed in Annex A1) and passenger-car spark-ignition engines (the latter are covered in Annex A2). The procedures described in this test method can, however, also be used to evaluate the compatibility of automotive engine oils with different elastomer types/formulations or different test durations and temperatures to those employed in this test method.
Note 2: In such cases, the precision and bias statement in Section 12 does not apply. In addition to agreeing acceptable limits of precision, where relevant, the user and supplier should also agree:  (1) test temperatures and immersion times to be used; (2) the formulations and typical properties of the elastomers; and (3) the sourcing and quality control of the elastomer sheets.
Note 3: The TMC may also issue In...

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ASTM
ASTM D7918-23(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Measurement of Flow Properties and Evaluation of Wear, Contaminants, and Oxidative Properties of Lubricating Grease by Die Extrusion Method and Preparation

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Trending the wear, contamination, consistency, and oxidative properties of a lubricating grease is a crucial part of condition-monitoring programs. Changes in these properties or deviations from the new grease can be indicative of problems within the lubricated component, such as the mixing of incompatible thickener types, excessive wear or contaminant levels, or significant depletion of antioxidant levels. These test methods also makes it possible to develop trends that can be used to predict failures before they occur and allow for corrective action to be taken.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination and evaluation of flow properties, wear levels, contaminants, and oxidative condition of new and in-service lubricating grease.  
1.2 This test method provides guidance on evaluating in-service grease samples, NLGI grades 00 to 3, for wear, consistency, contamination, and oxidation.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.3.1 Exception—The exception to this will be where units of references were developed by the developers of the test equipment and necessary to report the results of the test.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM D7922-23(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Determination of Glycol for In-Service Engine Oils by Gas Chromatography

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Some glycol/antifreeze dilution of in-service engine oil is normal under typical operating conditions. However, excessive glycol dilution can lead to decreased performance, premature wear, or sudden engine failure. This test method provides a means of quantifying the level of glycol based antifreeze dilution, allowing the user to take necessary action.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of glycol based antifreeze for in-service engine oil by derivative headspace/gas chromatography.  
1.2 Sample is derivatized in-situ directly in a headspace sampling vial prior to vapor phase extraction and injection into a gas chromatograph.  
1.3 The chemistry of the derivatization is unique to the detection of the molecules of ethylene glycol and 1,2-propylene glycol. 1,3-propylene glycol could also be detected but is not used in any known anti-freeze at this time. Other coolant analyses are beyond the scope of this test method.  
1.4 The derivatization process does not affect glycol breakdown products such as glycolate and formate and hence the presence of these compounds in the oil will not be quantified.  
1.5 The test method concentration range is from 50 µg/g to 1000 µg/g. Lower levels are possible by method modifications. Higher levels are possible through sample dilution.  
1.6 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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