ASTM E1792-96a

Standard Specification for Wipe Sampling Materials for Lead in Surface Dust

SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers requirements for wipe materials that are used to collect settled dusts on hard surfaces for the subsequent determination of lead.  
1.2  This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 09-Dec-2001
• ICS: 71.040.50 - Physicochemical methods of analysis
• Technical Committee: E06 - Performance of Buildings

Relations

• Replaced By: ASTM E1792-01 - Standard Specification for Wipe Sampling Materials for Lead in Surface Dust
• Effective Date: 10-Dec-2001
• Referred By: ASTM E2913/E2913M-21 - Standard Practice for Hotplate Digestion of Lead from Composited Wipe Samples
• Effective Date: 10-Dec-2001
• Referred By: ASTM D7707-21 - Standard Specification for Wipe Sampling Materials for Beryllium in Surface Dust
• Effective Date: 10-Dec-2001
• Referred By: ASTM D7659-21 - Standard Guide for Strategies for Surface Sampling of Metals and Metalloids for Worker Protection
• Effective Date: 10-Dec-2001
• Referred By: ASTM E631-15 - Standard Terminology of Building Constructions
• Effective Date: 10-Dec-2001
• Referred By: ASTM D7822-18 - Standard Practice for Dermal Wipe Sampling for the Subsequent Determination of Metals and Metalloids
• Effective Date: 10-Dec-2001
• Referred By: ASTM E3193-21 - Standard Test Method for Measurement of Lead (Pb) in Dust by Wipe, Paint, and Soil by Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (FAAS)
• Effective Date: 10-Dec-2001
• Referred By: ASTM E2914/E2914M-21 - Standard Practice for Ultrasonic Extraction of Lead from Composited Wipe Samples
• Effective Date: 10-Dec-2001
• Referred By: ASTM D6966-18 - Standard Practice for Collection of Settled Dust Samples Using Wipe Sampling Methods for Subsequent Determination of Metals
• Effective Date: 10-Dec-2001
• Referred By: ASTM E1979-21 - Standard Practice for Ultrasonic Extraction of Paint, Dust, Soil, and Air Samples for Subsequent Determination of Lead
• Effective Date: 10-Dec-2001
• Referred By: ASTM E2271/E2271M-22 - Standard Practice for Clearance Examinations Following Lead Hazard Reduction Activities in Multifamily Dwellings
• Effective Date: 10-Dec-2001
• Referred By: ASTM E1775-20 - Standard Guide for Evaluating Performance of On-Site Extraction and Field-Portable Electrochemical or Spectrophotometric Analysis for Lead
• Effective Date: 10-Dec-2001
• Referred By: ASTM E1644-21 - Standard Practice for Hot Plate Digestion of Dust Wipe Samples for the Determination of Lead
• Effective Date: 10-Dec-2001
• Referred By: ASTM E1728/E1728M-20 - Standard Practice for Collection of Settled Dust Samples Using Wipe Sampling Methods for Subsequent Lead Determination
• Effective Date: 10-Dec-2001
• Referred By: ASTM E3074/E3074M-20 - Standard Practice for Clearance Examinations Following Lead Hazard Reduction Activities in Single Family Dwellings, in Individual Units of Multifamily Dwellings, and in Other Child-Occupied Facilities
• Effective Date: 10-Dec-2001

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
Designation: E 1792 – 96a An American National Standard
Standard Specification for
Wipe Sampling Materials for Lead in Surface Dust
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E 1792; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope that ensure compliance with the requirements of Sections 5 and
7, and shall be clean and free of imperfections that would affect
1.1 This specification covers requirements for wipe materi-
their performance.
als that are used to collect settled dusts on hard surfaces for the
subsequent determination of lead.
5. General Requirements
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the
5.1 Test data must be provided to assure compliance with
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
the following requirements. Unless otherwise specified, test
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
data are to be provided by the wipe producer. Users of wipes
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
may also conduct prescribed tests.
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
5.1.1 Each wipe shall contain less than 5.0 μg of back-
2. Referenced Documents ground lead, as determined by Practice E 1644 and Test
Method E 1613, or NIOSH Method 7105 (1), or an equivalent
2.1 ASTM Standards:
2 analytical procedure (2).
E 105 Practice for Probability Sampling of Materials
5.1.2 Wipes shall be sufficiently rugged to be used on a 1000
E 691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
,
2 3 cm surface area of a smooth surface, such as tile, plastic,
Determine the Precision of a Test Method
metal, wood, or glass, without tearing. A smooth surface for
E 1613 Test Method for Analysis of Digested Samples for
purposes here is defined as having a roughness factor of #10
Lead by Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission
(3), where a roughness factor of unity represents an ideally flat
Spectrometry (ICP-AES), Flame Atomic Absorption
surface.
(FAAS), or Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption (GFAAS)
5.1.3 Wipes shall have a moisture content such that the
Techniques
coefficient of variation for a random sampling of the lot of
E 1644 Practice for Hot Plate Digestion of Dust Wipe
wipes be no greater than 25 %. A minimum of 15 samples of
Samples for Determination of Lead by Atomic Spectrom-
the lot shall be tested.
etry
5.1.4 Wipe dimensions shall be between 10 by 10 cm and 20
E 1728 Practice for Field Collection of Settled Dust
by 20 cm.
Samples Using Wipe Sampling Methods for Lead Deter-
5.1.5 The dry wipe thickness shall be measured for at least
mination by Atomic Spectrometry Techniques
15 randomly selected samples of a lot. Wipes so measured shall
3. Terminology
have an average thickness of at least 0.005 cm but no greater
than 0.10 cm.
3.1 Definitions:
5.1.6 The coefficient of variation in mass of dry wipes in a
3.1.1 wipe, n—a disposable, porous paper (cellulosic) tow-
lot shall not exceed 5 %. A minimum of 15 samples of the lot
ellette that is moistened with a wetting agent.
shall be tested.
3.1.1.1 Discussion—The towellette is used to collect a
5.1.7 Lead recoveries from wipes spiked with National
sample of settled dust on a smooth, hard surface for subsequent
Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Standard Refer-
lead analysis.
ence Materials (SRM) shall be 100 6 10 %, 95 % confidence
4. Manufacture
level, of the lead recovery from the SRM alone, that is, sans
wipe material, as determined by Practice E 1644 and Test
4.1 The wipes shall be made from materials using methods
Method E 1613, or NIOSH Method 7105, or equivalent proce-
dure.
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E-6 on
NOTE 1—It is not imperative that the wipe be completely dissolved
Performance of Buildings and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E06.23
on Lead Paint Abatement. when digested in accordance with Practice E 1644 or an equivalent
Current edition approved Sept. 10, 1996. Published November 1996. Originally
procedure to meet the recovery criterion. However, the solution that is to
published as E 1792 – 96. Last previous edition E 1792 – 96.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.02.
ASTM Standards on Precision and Bias for Various Applications, 3rd Ed.,
ASTM, Philadelphia, PA, 1988. The boldface numbers in parentheses refer to the list of references at the end of
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.11. this standard.
Copyright © ASTM, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
E 1792
be analyzed (after digestion) should be free of suspended particulates and
of NIST SRM uniformly onto a hard smooth surface, of 100 to
gelatinous material. Reference (2) describes a specific procedure and
1000 cm area, and then wiping the surface with two succes-
criteria for the evaluation of the digestibility of wipe materials.
sive (separate) wipes (5). The collection efficiency of a first
5.1.8 Collection efficiency of an individual wipe, using an
wiping is determined by comparing the amount of lead
initial wipe on a given smooth nonporous test surface, shall be collected in the first wipe (determined using dust sampling and
determined using aerosolized lead oxide as per Ref (4),or
analytical procedures described in Refs (2), (4), and (5) against
lead-containing NIST SRM as per Ref (5). The maximum mass the total amount of lead loaded onto the area of interest on the
of lead-containing material (particulate or dust) loaded per
test surface.
surface area unit to be sampled shall be 0.5 g. The minimum 7.3.1.3 The relative collection efficiency is then determined
collection efficiency of an individual wipe shall be 75 %, as
by comparison of the amount of lead collected in the first wipe
measured against the known mass of lead loaded on the test to the amount of lead collected in the second wiping (see
surface prior to wiping. Relative collection efficiency of lead
5.1.8).
from wipes shall be at least 75 %, as measured against the 7.3.2 The procedure described in 7.3.1 is to be repeated for
amount of lead determined from a second wiping of the same
at least five different locations of the surface or surfaces to be
location (100 cm minimum surface area
...