ASTM C151/C151M-18
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Autoclave Expansion of Hydraulic Cement
Standard Test Method for Autoclave Expansion of Hydraulic Cement
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 The autoclave expansion test provides an index of potential delayed expansion caused by the hydration of CaO or MgO, or both, when present in hydraulic cement.3
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers determination of the expansion of a hardened cement paste when exposed to the autoclave conditions in this method.
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific precaution statements, see the section on Safety Precautions.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: C151/C151M − 18
Standard Test Method for
1
Autoclave Expansion of Hydraulic Cement
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C151/C151M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* Moist Rooms, and Water Storage Tanks Used in the
Testing of Hydraulic Cements and Concretes
1.1 This test method covers determination of the expansion
C856 Practice for Petrographic Examination of Hardened
of a hardened cement paste when exposed to the autoclave
Concrete
conditions in this method.
C1005 Specification for Reference Masses and Devices for
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
Determining Mass and Volume for Use in the Physical
are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in
Testing of Hydraulic Cements
each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each
C1157/C1157M Performance Specification for Hydraulic
system shall be used independently of the other. Combining
Cement
values from the two systems may result in non-conformance
with the standard.
3. Significance and Use
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
3.1 The autoclave expansion test provides an index of
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
potential delayed expansion caused by the hydration of CaO or
3
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
MgO, or both, when present in hydraulic cement.
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
4. Interferences
For specific precaution statements, see the section on Safety
4.1 Pozzolans containing fine-grained quartz have been
Precautions.
reported to cause excessive expansion under autoclave test
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
conditionsduetoalkali-silicareactionthatwillnotoccurunder
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard- 4
normalserviceconditions. Whenexcessiveexpansionofpaste
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
containing pozzolans occurs, it is recommended that the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
specimens be examined (see Practice C856) for evidence of
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
alkali-silica reaction (Note 1).
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
NOTE 1—If the excessive expansion has resulted from alkali-silica
reaction under autoclave conditions, the pozzolan can be evaluated for
2. Referenced Documents
alkali reactivity using the procedure described in Performance Specifica-
2 tion C1157/C1157M.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C187 Test Method for Amount of Water Required for Nor-
5. Apparatus
mal Consistency of Hydraulic Cement Paste
5.1 Weighing Devices and Weights, for determining the
C305 Practice for Mechanical Mixing of Hydraulic Cement
mass of materials conforming to the requirements of Specifi-
Pastes and Mortars of Plastic Consistency
cation C1005.
C490/C490M Practice for Use of Apparatus for the Deter-
mination of Length Change of Hardened Cement Paste,
5.2 GlassGraduates,200or250-mLcapacity,andconform-
Mortar, and Concrete
ing to the requirements of Practice C490/C490M.
C511 Specification for Mixing Rooms, Moist Cabinets,
5.3 Molds, conforming to the requirements of Practice
C490/C490M for test specimens used in the determination of
length change of cement paste.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee C01 on Cement
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C01.31 on Volume Change.
Current edition approved April 1, 2018. Published April 2018. Originally
3
approved in 1940. Last previous edition approved in 2016 as C151/C151M – 16. Gonnerman, H. F., Lerch, W. and Whiteside, T. M., “Investigations of the
DOI: 10.1520/C0151_C0151M-18. Hydration Expansion Characteristics of Portland Cements,” Portland Cement
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or Association Research Department Bulletin 45, pp. 1–168, 1953.
4
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Wang, H., “Autoclave Soundness Test Mischaracterizes Cement-Fly Ash
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Blends by IntroducingAlkali-Quartz Reaction,”Cement,Concrete,andAggregates,
the ASTM website. Vol 24, No. 2, pp. 68–72, 2002.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Ba
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: C151/C151M − 16 C151/C151M − 18
Standard Test Method for
1
Autoclave Expansion of Hydraulic Cement
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C151/C151M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method covers determination of the expansion of a hardened cement paste when exposed to the autoclave
conditions in this method.
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each
system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the
two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific precaution statements, see the section on Safety Precautions.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C187 Test Method for Amount of Water Required for Normal Consistency of Hydraulic Cement Paste
C305 Practice for Mechanical Mixing of Hydraulic Cement Pastes and Mortars of Plastic Consistency
C490C490/C490M Practice for Use of Apparatus for the Determination of Length Change of Hardened Cement Paste, Mortar,
and Concrete
C511 Specification for Mixing Rooms, Moist Cabinets, Moist Rooms, and Water Storage Tanks Used in the Testing of Hydraulic
Cements and Concretes
C856 Practice for Petrographic Examination of Hardened Concrete
C1005 Specification for Reference Masses and Devices for Determining Mass and Volume for Use in the Physical Testing of
Hydraulic Cements
C1157C1157/C1157M Performance Specification for Hydraulic Cement
3. Significance and Use
3.1 The autoclave expansion test provides an index of potential delayed expansion caused by the hydration of CaO or MgO,
3
or both, when present in hydraulic cement.
4. Interferences
4.1 Pozzolans containing fine-grained quartz have been reported to cause excessive expansion under autoclave test conditions
4
due to alkali-silica reaction that will not occur under normal service conditions. When excessive expansion of paste containing
pozzolans occurs, it is recommended that the specimens be examined (see Practice C856) for evidence of alkali-silica reaction
(Note 1).
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C01 on Cement and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C01.31 on Volume Change.
Current edition approved Dec. 15, 2016April 1, 2018. Published December 2016April 2018. Originally approved in 1940. Last previous edition approved in 20152016
as C151/C151M – 15.C151/C151M – 16. DOI: 10.1520/C0151_C0151M-16. 10.1520/C0151_C0151M-18.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
Gonnerman, H. F., Lerch, W. and Whiteside, T. M., “Investigations of the Hydration Expansion Characteristics of Portland Cements,” Portland Cement Association
Research Department Bulletin 45, pp. 1–168, 1953.
4
Wang, H., “Autoclave Soundness Test Mischaracterizes Cement-Fly Ash Blends by Introducing Alkali-Quartz Reaction,” Cement, Concrete, and Aggregates, Vol 24, No.
2, pp. 68–72, 2002.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
C151/C151M − 18
NOTE 1—If the excessive expansion has resulted from alkali-silica reaction under autoclave conditions, the pozzolan can be evaluated for alkali
reactivity using the procedure described in Performance Specification C1157C11
...
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: C151/C151M − 18
Standard Test Method for
1
Autoclave Expansion of Hydraulic Cement
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C151/C151M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* Moist Rooms, and Water Storage Tanks Used in the
Testing of Hydraulic Cements and Concretes
1.1 This test method covers determination of the expansion
C856 Practice for Petrographic Examination of Hardened
of a hardened cement paste when exposed to the autoclave
Concrete
conditions in this method.
C1005 Specification for Reference Masses and Devices for
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
Determining Mass and Volume for Use in the Physical
are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in
Testing of Hydraulic Cements
each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each
C1157/C1157M Performance Specification for Hydraulic
system shall be used independently of the other. Combining
Cement
values from the two systems may result in non-conformance
with the standard.
3. Significance and Use
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
3.1 The autoclave expansion test provides an index of
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
potential delayed expansion caused by the hydration of CaO or
3
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
MgO, or both, when present in hydraulic cement.
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
4. Interferences
For specific precaution statements, see the section on Safety
4.1 Pozzolans containing fine-grained quartz have been
Precautions.
reported to cause excessive expansion under autoclave test
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
conditions due to alkali-silica reaction that will not occur under
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
4
normal service conditions. When excessive expansion of paste
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
containing pozzolans occurs, it is recommended that the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
specimens be examined (see Practice C856) for evidence of
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
alkali-silica reaction (Note 1).
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
NOTE 1—If the excessive expansion has resulted from alkali-silica
reaction under autoclave conditions, the pozzolan can be evaluated for
2. Referenced Documents
alkali reactivity using the procedure described in Performance Specifica-
tion C1157/C1157M.
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C187 Test Method for Amount of Water Required for Nor-
5. Apparatus
mal Consistency of Hydraulic Cement Paste
5.1 Weighing Devices and Weights, for determining the
C305 Practice for Mechanical Mixing of Hydraulic Cement
mass of materials conforming to the requirements of Specifi-
Pastes and Mortars of Plastic Consistency
cation C1005.
C490/C490M Practice for Use of Apparatus for the Deter-
mination of Length Change of Hardened Cement Paste,
5.2 Glass Graduates, 200 or 250-mL capacity, and conform-
Mortar, and Concrete
ing to the requirements of Practice C490/C490M.
C511 Specification for Mixing Rooms, Moist Cabinets,
5.3 Molds, conforming to the requirements of Practice
C490/C490M for test specimens used in the determination of
length change of cement paste.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C01 on Cement
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C01.31 on Volume Change.
Current edition approved April 1, 2018. Published April 2018. Originally
3
approved in 1940. Last previous edition approved in 2016 as C151/C151M – 16. Gonnerman, H. F., Lerch, W. and Whiteside, T. M., “Investigations of the
DOI: 10.1520/C0151_C0151M-18. Hydration Expansion Characteristics of Portland Cements,” Portland Cement
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or Association Research Department Bulletin 45, pp. 1–168, 1953.
4
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Wang, H., “Autoclave Soundness Test Mischaracterizes Cement-Fly Ash
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Blends by Introducing Alkali-Quartz Reaction,” Cement, Concrete, and Aggregates,
the ASTM website. Vol 24, No. 2, pp. 68–72, 2002.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ------
...
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