CEN/TS 15862:2012
(Main)Characterisation of waste - Compliance leaching test - One stage batch leaching test for monoliths at fixed liquid to surface area ratio (L/A) for test portions with fixed minimum dimensions
Characterisation of waste - Compliance leaching test - One stage batch leaching test for monoliths at fixed liquid to surface area ratio (L/A) for test portions with fixed minimum dimensions
This document specifies a compliance test for routine testing providing information on the leaching of monolithic waste which can be obtained under the experimental conditions specified hereafter with a single batch leaching test at a specified liquid to surface area ratio (L/A) of 12 (cm3cm-2). It applies to test portion of monolithic waste of regular shape, with a minimum dimension of 40 mm in all directions, obtained e.g. by cutting, coring or moulding.
This document is not applicable if the surface area of the test portion cannot be determined by simple geometrical means.
This document has been developed to determine the release of mainly inorganic constituents from wastes. It does not take into account the particular characteristics of organic constituents nor the consequences of microbiological processes in organic degradable wastes.
The test procedure specified in this document produces an eluate which subsequently need to be characterised physically and chemically, according to appropriate standard methods.
NOTE 1 If, in order to comply with the requirement of regular shape, the test portion is prepared by cutting or coring, then new surfaces are exposed which can lead to change(s) in leaching properties.
NOTE 2 This procedure may not be applicable to materials reacting with the leachant, leading for example to excessive gas emission or an excessive heat release.
This leaching test does not provide information by itself on dynamic leaching behaviour, as specified in EN 12920. It does not give information on equilibrium conditions. For specific situations or basic characterization, other tests are available in the toolbox of CEN/TC 292 "Characterization of waste".
This document does not address issues related to health and safety.
Charakterisierung von Abfällen - Auslaugung zur Übereinstimmungsuntersuchung - Einstufiges Auslaugungsverfahren für monolithische Abfälle bei festgelegtem Flüssigkeit/Oberfläche-Verhältnis (L/A) für Prüfmengen mit festgelegten Mindestabmessungen
Diese Technische Spezifikation legt eine Übereinstimmungsuntersuchung für regelmäßige Untersuchungen fest, die Angaben zur Auslaugung monolithischer Abfälle bereitstellt, die unter den nachstehend festgelegten Versuchsbedingungen mit einem einstufigen Schüttelverfahren bei festgelegtem Flüssigkeit/Oberfläche-Verhältnis (L/A) von 12 (cm3cm2) erhalten werden können. Die Übereinstimmungsuntersuchung gilt für eine Prüfmenge des monolithischen Abfalls mit regelmäßiger Form und einem Mindestmaß von 40 mm in alle Richtungen, die z. B. durch Schneiden, Bohren oder Formpressen erhalten wird.
Wenn die Oberfläche der Prüfmenge nicht mit einfachen geometrischen Mitteln zu bestimmen ist, ist dieses Dokument nicht anwendbar.
Dieses Dokument wurde entwickelt, um vor allem die Freisetzung anorganischer Bestandteile aus Abfällen zu bestimmen. Sie berücksichtigt nicht die besonderen Eigenschaften der organischen Bestandteile und auch nicht die Folgen der mikrobiologischen Prozesse in den organisch abbaubaren Abfällen.
Das in diesem Dokument festgelegte Untersuchungsverfahren ergibt ein Eluat, das entsprechend den geeigneten Standardverfahren anschließend physikalisch und chemisch beschrieben wird.
ANMERKUNG 1 Wenn die Prüfmenge durch Schneiden oder Bohren vorbereitet wurde, um die Anforderung nach einer regelmäßigen Form zu erfüllen, dann werden neue Oberflächen freigelegt, was zu (einer) Änderung(en) der Auslaugungseigenschaften führen könnte.
ANMERKUNG 2 Dieses Verfahren darf nicht bei Stoffen angewendet werden, die mit dem Auslaugungsmittel reagieren, was z. B. zu einer exzessiven Gasemission oder zu einer übermäßigen Wärmeabgabe führt.
Diese Auslaugungsuntersuchung liefert an sich keine Angaben über das dynamische Auslaugungsverhalten, wie es in EN 12920 festgelegt ist. Diese Untersuchung gibt keine Angaben zu Gleichgewichtsbedingungen. Für spezifische Situationen oder die grundlegende Charakterisierung sind andere Untersuchungen in der Toolbox des CEN/TC 292 „Charakterisierung von Abfällen“ verfügbar.
Dieses Dokument behandelt nicht die Belange des Gesundheits und Arbeitsschutzes.
Caractérisation des déchets - Essai de lixiviation de conformité - Essai de lixiviation en bâchée unique pour des monolithes avec un rapport liquide/surface (L/A) fixe, pour des prises d'essai de dimensions minimales fixes
La présente Spécification technique définit un essai de conformité pour les essais de routine, fournissant des
informations sur la lixiviation des déchets monolithiques pouvant être obtenues dans les conditions expérimentales
définies ci-après à l’aide d’un essai de lixiviation en bâchée unique à un rapport liquide/surface (L/A) spécifié de
12 (cm3⋅cm-2). Cet essai s’applique à une prise d’essai de déchet monolithique de forme régulière, avec une
dimension minimale de 40 mm dans toutes les directions, obtenue par coupe, carottage ou moulage.
Le présent document ne s’applique pas si la surface de la prise d’essai ne peut être déterminée par des formules
géométriques simples.
Le présent document a été élaboré pour déterminer le relargage des constituants principalement inorganiques issus
des déchets. Il ne prend pas en compte les caractéristiques particulières des constituants organiques, ni les
conséquences des processus microbiologiques dans les déchets organiques dégradables.
Le mode opératoire d’essai spécifié dans le présent document produit un éluat qu’il est nécessaire de caractériser
physiquement et chimiquement par la suite, conformément aux méthodes normalisées correspondantes.
NOTE 1 Si, en vue de la conformité à l’exigence d’une forme régulière, la prise d’essai est préparée par coupe ou carottage,
alors de nouvelles surfaces sont exposées et elles peuvent entraîner une ou plusieurs modifications des propriétés de lixiviation.
NOTE 2 Il est possible que ce mode opératoire ne soit pas applicable aux matériaux réagissant au lixiviant, entraînant par
exemple une émission de gaz excessive ou un dégagement calorifique excessif.
Le présent essai de lixiviation ne fournit aucune information en soi concernant le comportement de lixiviation
dynamique tel que spécifié dans l’EN 12920. Il ne fournit pas d’informations sur les conditions d’équilibre. Pour des
situations spécifiques ou pour la caractérisation de base, d’autres essais sont disponibles dans la boîte à outils du
CEN/TC 292 « Caractérisation des déchets ».
Le présent document n’aborde pas les thèmes de la santé ni de la sécurité.
Karakterizacija odpadkov - Preskus skladnosti izluževanja - Enostopenjski šaržni preskus za monolitne odpadke pri določenem razmerju med prostornino tekočine in površino odpadka (L/A) za preskusne vzorce z določenimi najmanjšimi merami
Ta tehnična specifikacija določa preskus skladnosti za izvajanje rutinskih preskusov, ki zagotavljajo informacije o luženju monolitnih odpadkov, ki se lahko pridobijo pod preskusnimi pogoji, določenimi v nadaljevanju, z enostopenjskim šaržnim preskusom pri določenem razmerju med prostornino tekočine in površino odpadka (L/A), ki je 12 (cm3*cm-2). Uporablja se za preskusne vzorce monolitnih odpadkov pravilne oblike, z najmanjšimi merami 40 mm v vse smeri, ki se pridobijo z rezanjem, vrtanjem ali oblikovanjem. Ta dokument se ne uporablja, če površine preskusnega vzorca ni mogoče določiti s preprostimi geometrijskimi načini. Ta dokument je bil pripravljen za ugotavljanje izpusta pretežno neorganskih sestavin iz odpadkov. Ne upošteva posebnih značilnosti organskih sestavin in posledic mikrobioloških procesov v organskih razgradljivih odpadkih. Iz postopka preskusa v tem dokumentu se pridobi izlužek, ki ga je treba v skladu z ustreznimi standardnimi metodami naknadno fizično in kemično karakterizirati. OPOMBA 1 Če se preskusni vzorec zaradi izpolnjevanja zahteve po pravilni obliki pripravi z rezanjem ali vrtanjem, se izpostavijo nove površine, pri čemer se lahko lastnosti izluževanja spremenijo. OPOMBA 2 Ta postopek se ne sme uporabljati za materiale, ki reagirajo z izluževalnim medijem, ker lahko nastanejo prekomerni izpusti plina ali prekomerno sproščanje toplote. Ta preskus izluževanja sam ne podaja informacij o dinamičnem obnašanju luženja, kot je opredeljeno v standardu EN 12920. Ne vsebuje informacij o pogojih uravnoteženosti. Za posebne primere ali osnovno karakterizacijo so v okviru zbirke orodij odbora CEN/TC 292 »Karakterizacija odpadkov« na voljo drugi preskusi. Ta dokument ne obravnava vprašanj v zvezi z zdravjem in varnostjo.
General Information
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-januar-2013
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Characterization of waste - Compliance leaching test - One stage batch leaching test for
monoliths at fixed liquid to surface area ratio (L/A) for test portions with fixed minimum
dimensions
Charakterisierung von Abfällen - Auslaugung zur Übereinstimmungsuntersuchung -
Einstufiges Schüttelverfahren für monolithische Abfälle bei festgelegtem
Flüssigkeit/Oberfläche-Verhältnis (L/A) für Prüfproben mit festgelegten
Mindestabmessungen
Caractérisation des déchets - Essai de lixiviation de conformité - Essai de lixiviation en
bâchée unique pour des monolithes avec un rapport liquide/ surface (L/A) fixe, pour des
prises d'essai de dimensions minimales fixes
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: CEN/TS 15862:2012
ICS:
13.030.10 Trdni odpadki Solid wastes
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION
CEN/TS 15862
SPÉCIFICATION TECHNIQUE
TECHNISCHE SPEZIFIKATION
July 2012
ICS 13.030.10
English Version
Characterisation of waste - Compliance leaching test - One
stage batch leaching test for monoliths at fixed liquid to surface
area ratio (L/A) for test portions with fixed minimum dimensions
Caractérisation des déchets - Essai de lixiviation de Charakterisierung von Abfällen - Auslaugung zur
conformité - Essai de lixiviation en bâchée unique pour des Übereinstimmungsuntersuchung - Einstufiges
monolithes avec un rapport liquide/surface (L/A) fixe, pour Auslaugungsverfahren für monolithische Abfälle bei
des prises d'essai de dimensions minimales fixes festgelegtem Flüssigkeit/Oberfläche-Verhältnis (L/A) für
Prüfmengen mit festgelegten Mindestabmessungen
This Technical Specification (CEN/TS) was approved by CEN on 6 December 2010 for provisional application.
The period of validity of this CEN/TS is limited initially to three years. After two years the members of CEN will be requested to submit their
comments, particularly on the question whether the CEN/TS can be converted into a European Standard.
CEN members are required to announce the existence of this CEN/TS in the same way as for an EN and to make the CEN/TS available
promptly at national level in an appropriate form. It is permissible to keep conflicting national standards in force (in parallel to the CEN/TS)
until the final decision about the possible conversion of the CEN/TS into an EN is reached.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United
Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2012 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. CEN/TS 15862:2012: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
Contents Page
Foreword .3
Introduction .4
1 Scope .5
2 Normative references .5
3 Terms and definitions .6
4 Principle .7
5 Reagents .7
6 Equipment .7
6.1 General .7
6.2 Laboratory equipment .7
7 Sample preparation .9
7.1 Laboratory sample .9
7.2 Test portion .9
7.2.1 Preparation of the test portion: .9
7.2.2 Influence of curing time and ageing of the test portion .9
7.2.3 Storage conditions of the test portion. 10
8 Procedure . 10
8.1 Testing conditions . 10
8.2 Description of the single batch leaching test . 10
8.2.1 Preparation . 10
8.2.2 Leaching procedure . 10
8.3 Further preparation of the eluate for analysis . 11
8.4 Blank test for the verification of the leaching procedure . 11
9 Calculations and expression of results . 11
10 Documentation and test report . 12
10.1 General . 12
10.2 General data . 12
10.3 Sample preparation . 12
10.4 Production of the eluate . 12
10.5 Analytical procedure . 13
10.6 Blank test information . 13
10.7 Results of the leaching test . 13
11 Test performance . 13
Annex A (informative) Example of data sheet showing the reporting of key elements mentioned in
CEN/TS 15862 . 14
A.1 Laboratory sample . 14
A.2 Test portion . 14
A.3 Leaching test . 14
A.4 Blank test . 14
A.5 Results of the leaching test . 15
Annex B (informative) Examples of data about the L/A ratio. 16
Annex C (informative) Examples of factors influencing the leaching release of monolithic waste . 17
Annex D (informative) Process map for CEN/TS 15862. 19
Bibliography . 21
Foreword
This document (CEN/TS 15862:2012) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 292
“Characterization of waste”, the secretariat of which is held by NEN.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document has been developed primarily to support the requirements for compliance testing within the EU
and EFTA countries.
This document was elaborated on the basis of:
NF X 31-211:2000;
NEN 7345:1995;
ÖNORM S 2116-4.
This document specifies compliance tests. For basic characterization a methodology for the determination of
the leaching behaviour of waste has been developed and formulated in EN 12920.
Anyone dealing with waste and sludge analysis should be aware of the typical risks of that kind of material
irrespective of the parameter to be determined. Waste and sludge samples can contain hazardous (e.g. toxic,
reactive, flammable, infectious) substances, which can be liable to biological and/or chemical reaction.
Consequently these samples should be handled with special care. Gases which can be produced by
microbiological or chemical activity are potentially flammable and will pressurise sealed bottles. Bursting
bottles are likely to result in hazardous shrapnel, dust and/or aerosol. National regulations should be followed
with respect to all hazards associated with this method.
According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following
countries are bound to announce this Technical Specification: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus,
Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany,
Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland,
Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom.
Introduction
In the different European countries, tests have been developed to characterize and assess the constituents
which can be leached from waste materials. The release of soluble constituents upon contact with water is
regarded as a main mechanism of release which results in a potential risk to the environment during the
disposal of waste materials. The intent of these tests is to identify the leaching properties of waste materials.
The complexity of the leaching process makes simplifications necessary. Not all of the relevant aspects of
leaching behaviour can be addressed in one standard.
Procedure to characterize the behaviour of waste materials can generally be divided into three steps, using
different tests in relation to the objective. The following test hierarchy is taken from the Landfill Directive and
the Decision on Annex II of this Directive for disposal of waste.
a) Basic characterization constitutes a full characterization of the waste by gathering all the necessary
information for a safe management of the waste in the short and long term. Basic characterization may
provide information on the waste (type and origin, composition, consistency, leachability, etc.),
information for understanding the behaviour of waste in the considered management scenario,
comparison of waste properties against limit values, and detection of key variables (critical parameters as
liquid/solid (L/S) ratios, leachant composition, factors controlling leachability such as pH, redox potential,
complexing capacity and physical parameters) for compliance testing and options for simplification of
compliance testing. Characterization may deliver ratios between test results from basic characterization
and results from simplified test procedures as well as information on a suitable frequency for compliance
testing. In addition to the leaching behaviour, the composition of the waste should be known or
determined by testing. The tests used for basic characterization should always include those to be used
for compliance testing.
b) Compliance testing is used to demonstrate that the sample of today fits the population of samples tested
before by basic characterization and through that, is used to carry out compliance with regulatory limit
values. The compliance test should therefor
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