CEN/TR 15149-3:2014

Solid biofuels - Determination of particle size distribution - Part 3: Rotary screen method

This Technical Report specifies a method for the determination of the size distribution of particulate biofuels by the rotary screen method. The method described is meant for particulate biofuels only, namely materials that either have been reduced in size, such as most wood fuels, or are physically in a particulate form e.g. olive stones, nutshells, grain, etc. This document applies to particulate uncompressed fuels with a nominal top size of 3,15 mm and over, e.g. wood chips, hog fuel, olive stones, etc.

Feste Biobrennstoffe - Bestimmung der Teilchengrößenverteilung - Teil 3: Verfahren mit rotierendem Sieb

Biocombustibles solides - Détermination de la distribution granulométrique - Partie 3 : Méthode au tamis rotatif

Le présent Rapport technique spécifie une méthode de détermination de la distribution granulométrique de biocombustibles particulaires par la méthode au tamis rotatif. La méthode décrite est conçue uniquement pour les biocombustibles particulaires, à savoir des matériaux qui, soit ont été réduits, comme la plupart des combustibles ligneux, soit se présentent physiquement sous forme de particules comme par exemple les noyaux d’olives, les coquilles de noix, les grains, etc. Le présent document s’applique aux combustibles non comprimés particulaires ayant une dimension supérieure nominale supérieure ou égale à 3,15 mm, comme par exemple les plaquettes de bois, le combustible bois broyé, les noyaux d’olives, etc.

Trdna biogoriva - Določevanje porazdelitve velikosti delcev - 3. del: Metoda z vrtečim sitom

Ta standard določa metodo za določevanje porazdelitve velikosti delcev biogoriv z metodo z vrtečim sitom. Opisana metoda je namenjena le za biogoriva iz delcev, tj. materiale, katerih velikost je bila zmanjšana (npr. večina lesnih goriv) ali so fizično v obliki delcev (npr. olivne koščice, lupine oreščkov, zrnje itd.). Ta standard se uporablja za nestisnjena goriva iz delcev z nominalno zgornjo velikostjo 3,15 mm in več, npr. lesne sekance, drobljence, olivne koščice itd.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 25-Nov-2014
• ICS: 75.160.10 - Solid fuels
• ICS: 75.160.40 - Biofuels
• Technical Committee: CEN/TC 335 - Solid biofuels
• Drafting Committee: CEN/TC 335/WG 4 - Physical and Mechanical Test Methods
• Current Stage: 6060 - Definitive text made available (DAV) - Publishing
• Start Date: 26-Nov-2014
• Due Date: 16-Aug-2011
• Completion Date: 26-Nov-2014
• Mandate: M/298 - Mandate to CEN for standardisation in the field of solid biofuels
• Ref Project: SIST-TP CEN/TR 15149-3:2015 - Solid biofuels - Determination of particle size distribution - Part 3: Rotary screen method

Relations

• Replaces: CEN/TS 15149-3:2006 - Solid biofuels - Methods for the determination of particle size distribution - Part 3: Rotary screen method
• Effective Date: 07-Nov-2009

Overview

CEN/TR 15149-3:2014 - Solid biofuels: Determination of particle size distribution - Part 3: Rotary screen method - is a CEN Technical Report that specifies a rotary sieving procedure for measuring the particle size distribution of particulate, uncompressed biofuels (e.g., wood chips, hog fuel, olive stones, nutshells, grain). It applies to materials with a nominal top size of 3.15 mm and over and is intended for research, development and bilateral quality-management applications where this method is agreed between supplier and customer.

Key topics and technical requirements

• Scope: Particulate biofuels only; nominal top size ≥ 3.15 mm.
• Objective: Determine particle size distribution by a rotary screen (rotary sieving) to reduce overestimation of fine fractions compared with some other methods.
• Rotary drum geometry: Five joined cylindrical sieve rings; inner diameter ≈ 500 mm (±15 mm); ring height 400 mm with ≥360 mm effective sieving length; drum inclined 3° (±0.2°) and rotating at 16 rpm.
• Recommended sieve apertures: 3.15 mm, 8 mm, 16 mm, 45 mm, 63 mm (arranged smallest to largest along the drum).
• Sample size: Minimum 8 L (minimum 4 L for fine-grade fuels where 100% passes 45 mm). Sampled and prepared per EN 14778 / EN 14780.
• Feeding rate: Continuous, constant feed at 1 L/min (mechanical or manual in equal portions).
• Moisture control: Sample moisture < 20% wet basis; determine moisture per EN 14774-1 or EN 14774-2. Pre-dry if necessary.
• Balances & accuracy: Balance resolution 0.1 g; record masses for each fraction and express results as percentage of total mass.
• Handling rules: Particles > 100 mm sorted by hand; acceptable mass balance difference < 2% (otherwise investigate and report).
• Precision/bias: No general precision statement provided due to fuel variability.

Practical applications and users

• Quality control laboratories and R&D teams assessing particle size distribution of solid biofuels.
• Biofuel producers, wood-fuel processors and suppliers who need agreed measurement methods for product specification.
• Utilities, pellet manufacturers and research institutes comparing sieving methods or developing supplier–consumer quality agreements.
• Useful where rotary sieving is preferred to reduce fine-particle overestimation in downstream combustion, handling and storage assessments.

Related standards

• EN 15149 (Parts 1 & 2) - other sieving reference methods (oscillating and vibrating screen).
• EN 14778 (Sampling) and EN 14780 (Sample preparation).
• EN 14774-1 / -2 (Moisture determination).
• EN ISO 16559 (Terminology) and ISO 3310-2 (test sieve requirements).

Keywords: CEN/TR 15149-3:2014, solid biofuels, particle size distribution, rotary screen method, rotary sieving, wood chips, biofuel quality, EN 15149.

Standards Content (Sample)

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-februar-2015
1DGRPHãþD
SIST-TS CEN/TS 15149-3:2006
7UGQDELRJRULYD'RORþHYDQMHSRUD]GHOLWYHYHOLNRVWLGHOFHYGHO0HWRGD]
YUWHþLPVLWRP
Solid biofuels - Determination of particle size distribution - Part 3: Rotary screen method
Feste Biobrennstoffe - Bestimmung der Teilchengrößenverteilung - Teil 3: Verfahren mit
rotierendem Sieb
Combustibles solides - Détermination de la distribution granulométrique - Partie 3 :
Méthode au tamis rotatif
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: CEN/TR 15149-3:2014
ICS:
27.190 Biološki viri in drugi Biological sources and
alternativni viri energije alternative sources of energy
75.160.10 Trda goriva Solid fuels
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

TECHNICAL REPORT
CEN/TR 15149-3
RAPPORT TECHNIQUE
TECHNISCHER BERICHT
November 2014
ICS 75.160.10 Supersedes CEN/TS 15149-3:2006
English Version
Solid biofuels - Determination of particle size distribution - Part 3:
Rotary screen method
Biocombustibles solides - Détermination de la distribution Feste Biobrennstoffe - Bestimmung der
granulométrique - Partie 3 : Méthode au tamis rotatif Teilchengrößenverteilung - Teil 3: Verfahren mit
rotierendem Sieb
This Technical Report was approved by CEN on 18 July 2011. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee CEN/TC 335.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United
Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2014 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. CEN/TR 15149-3:2014 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

Contents Page
Foreword .3
Introduction .4
1 Scope .5
2 Normative references .5
3 Terms and definitions .5
4 Principle .5
5 Apparatus .5
6 Sample preparation .7
6.1 Sample size .7
6.2 Sample preparation .7
7 Procedure .7
8 Calculation .8
9 Precision and bias .9
10 Test report . 10
Annex A (informative) Example of a rotary sieving machine . 11
Bibliography . 12

Foreword
This document (CEN/TR 15149-3:2014) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 335 “Solid
biofuels”, the secretariat of which is held by SIS.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document supersedes CEN/TS 15149-3:2006.
This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the
European Free Trade Association.
EN 15149, Solid biofuels — Determination of particle size distribution, consists of the following parts:
— Part 1: Oscillating screen method using sieve apertures of 1 mm and above;
— Part 2: Vibrating screen method using sieve apertures of 3,15 mm and below;
— Part 3: Rotary screen method [Technical Report; the present document].
The most significant changes since the latest edition of this text are the following ones:
— The former edition was a Technical Specification; it was turned into the present Technical Report.
— References have been consistently updated.
Introduction
Part 1 describes the reference method for size classification of samples with a nominal top size of 3,15 mm
and over.
Part 2 describes the reference methods for all samples with a nominal top size below 3,15 mm.
Part 3 describes an innovative method, by which the degree of overestimating the fine particle fractions is
reduced. As it is currently not generally available, it is here proposed for research and development purposes
or for individual quality management processes, in which the quality requirements are bilaterally defined
between the suppliers and consumers based on this method.
NOTE The nominal top size is defined as the aperture size of the sieve where at least 95 % by mass of the material
passes (see Bibliography).
1 Scope
This Technical Report specifies a method for the determination of the size distribution of particulate biofuels
by the rotary screen method. The method described is meant for particulate biofuels only, namely materials
that either have been reduced in size, such as most wood fuels, or are physically in a particulate form e.g.
olive stones, nutshells, grain, etc. This document applies to particulate uncompressed fuels with a nominal top
size of 3,15 mm and over, e.g. wood chips, hog fuel, olive stones, etc.
2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are
indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references,
the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 14778, Solid biofuels — Sampling
EN 14780, Solid biofuels — Sample preparation
EN 14774-1, Solid biofuels — Determination of moisture content - Oven dry method — Part 1: Total
moisture — Reference method
EN 14774-2, Solid biofuels — Determination of moisture content — Oven dry method — Part 2: Total
moisture — Simplified method
EN 15149-2, Solid biofuels — Determination of particle size distribution — Part 2: Vibrating screen method
using sieve apertures of 3,15 mm and below
EN ISO 16559, Solid biofuels — Terminology, definitions and descriptions (ISO 16559)
ISO 3310-2, Test sieves — Technical requirements and testing — Part 2: Test sieves of perforated metal
plate
3 Terms and definitions
For the purpose of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN ISO 16559 apply.
3.1
nominal top size
aperture size of the sieve where at least 95 % by mass of the material passes
4 Principle
A sample is subjected to sieving through sieves in a rotary sieving machine sorting the particles by increasing
size.
5 Apparatus
5.1 Rotary screen.
For the test a rotary sieving device is required for which the operating principle is shown in Figure 1. The
rotary sieving device consists of five joined cylindrical sieve rings each with an inner diameter of 500 mm
...