EN 13001-3-2:2014/FprA1

Cranes - General design - Part 3-2: Limit states and proof of competence of wire ropes in reeving systems

This European Standard is to be used together with EN 13001 1 and EN 13001 2 and as such they specify general conditions, requirements and methods to prevent mechanical hazards of wire ropes of cranes by design and theoretical verification.
NOTE   Specific requirements for particular types of cranes are given in the appropriate European Standard for the particular crane type.
The following is a list of significant hazardous situations and hazardous events that could result in risks to persons during intended use and reasonably foreseeable misuse. Clauses 5 to 6 of this standard are necessary to reduce or eliminate risks associated with the following hazard:
−   exceeding the limits of strength (yield, ultimate, fatigue).
This European Standard is not applicable to cranes which are manufactured before the date of its publication as EN and serves as reference base for the European Standards for particular crane types (see Annex C).
EN 13001 3 2 deals only with the limit state method in accordance with EN 13001 1.

Krane - Konstruktion allgemein - Teil 3-2: Grenzzustände und Sicherheitsnachweis von Drahtseilen in Seiltrieben

Diese Europäische Norm ist zusammen mit EN 13001-1 und EN 13001-2 anzuwenden und spezifiziert allgemeine Bedingungen, Anforderungen und Methoden zur Vermeidung von mechanischen Gefährdungen bei Drahtseilen von Kranen durch die Konstruktion und theoretische Überprüfung.
ANMERKUNG 1   Besondere Anforderungen für spezielle Krantypen sind in der zugehörigen Europäischen Norm für den speziellen Krantyp angegeben.
Im Folgenden ist eine Liste der signifikanten Gefährdungssituationen und Gefährdungsereignisse angegeben, die zu gefährlichen Situationen für Personen während des bestimmungsgemäßen Gebrauchs und vorher¬sehbaren Missbrauchs (des Krans) führen können. Abschnitte 5 und 6 dieser Norm sind erforderlich, um die Risiken in Verbindung mit den folgenden Gefährdungen zu reduzieren oder zu eliminieren:
Überschreiten der Festigkeitsgrenzen (Betriebsfestigkeit).
Diese Europäische Norm gilt für Krane, die nach dem Datum der Genehmigung dieser Technischen Spezi¬fikation durch CEN hergestellt werden, und dient als Referenzgrundlage für die Technischen Spezifikationen für spezielle Krantypen.
ANMERKUNG 2   EN 13001-3-2 berücksichtigt nur die Methode der Grenzzustände nach EN 13001-1.

Appareils de levage à charge suspendue - Conception générale - Partie 3-2 : Etats limites et vérification d'aptitude des câbles en acier mouflés

La présente Norme européenne est à utiliser conjointement avec l’EN 13001-1 et l’EN 13001-2 pour spécifier les conditions, prescriptions et méthodes générales permettant, par la conception et la vérification théorique, d’éviter les risques mécaniques dus aux câbles en acier d’appareils de levage à charge suspendue.
NOTE    Les prescriptions spécifiques relatives aux types particuliers d’appareils de levage à charge suspendue sont données dans la Norme européenne appropriée au type particulier d’appareil de levage à charge suspendue.
Ce qui suit est une liste de situations et d’événements dangereux significatifs susceptibles d'entraîner des risques pour les personnes lors d'une utilisation prévue ou d'une mauvaise utilisation prévisible. Les Articles 5 à 6 de la présente norme sont nécessaires pour réduire ou éliminer les risques associés au phénomène dangereux suivant :
-   dépassement des limites de résistance (élasticité, rupture, fatigue) ;
La présente Norme européenne s'applique aux appareils de levage à charge suspendue construits après sa publication en norme EN, et sert de référence pour Normes européennes de types particuliers d’appareils de levage à charge suspendue (voir Annexe C).
L'EN 13001-3-2 traite uniquement de la méthode des états limites selon l’EN 13001-1.

Žerjavi - Konstrukcija, splošno - 3-2. del: Mejna stanja in dokaz varnosti jeklenih vrvi pri vrvnih pogonih

General Information

• Status: Not Published
• Publication Date: 06-Mar-2019
• Withdrawal Date: 08-Sep-2019
• ICS: 21.220.20 - Cable or rope drives and their components
• ICS: 53.020.20 - Cranes
• Technical Committee: CEN/TC 147 - Cranes - Safety
• Drafting Committee: CEN/TC 147/WG 2 - Design - General
• Current Stage: 5098 - Decision to abandon - Formal Approval
• Start Date: 03-Mar-2021
• Completion Date: 14-Apr-2025
• Directive: 2006/42/EC - Directive 2006/42/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 17 May 2006 on machinery, and amending Directive 95/16/EC (recast)
• Mandate: M/396 - Mandate to CEN and Cenelec for standardisation in the field of machinery
• Ref Project: SIST EN 13001-3-2:2014/kprA1:2018 - Cranes - General design - Part 3-2: Limit states and proof of competence of wire ropes in reeving systems

Relations

• Amends: EN 13001-3-2:2014 - Cranes - General design - Part 3-2: Limit states and proof of competence of wire ropes in reeving systems
• Effective Date: 15-Feb-2017

Overview

EN 13001-3-2:2014/FprA1 is a vital European Standard developed by CEN, focusing on the general design of cranes, specifically addressing limit states and the proof of competence of wire ropes in reeving systems. This standard serves as a complementary part to EN 13001-1 and EN 13001-2, specifying essential conditions, requirements, and verification methods to prevent mechanical hazards related to crane wire ropes. It is intended to ensure the safety and reliability of wire ropes under various load conditions by utilizing the limit state method reflecting strength, fatigue, and mechanical stress limits.

This standard applies to all cranes manufactured after its publication date and provides a basis for other European crane standards, emphasizing design safety concerning wire ropes in reeving systems.

Key Topics

• Limit States Analysis
  The document defines methods to evaluate cranes for strength, ultimate load, and fatigue to prevent failures caused by exceeding mechanical limits.

• Proof of Competence for Wire Ropes
  Includes theoretical verification procedures and safety factors to ensure wire ropes used in reeving systems meet static and dynamic load requirements.

• Load Factors and Dynamic Effects
  It specifies how to apply load spectrums and dynamic factors-like those from lifting force limiters and emergency cut-outs-to calculate design rope forces accurately.

• Rope and Termination Standards
  References to related safety requirements for wire rope terminations such as swage terminals ensure comprehensive risk mitigation.

• Multilayer Drum Requirements
  Additional design considerations and proof requirements address the increased wear, plastic deformation, and rope crushing risks specific to multilayer drum configurations.

• Symbols and Definitions
  A comprehensive list of symbols and parameters define variables like equivalent forces, rope diameters, load factors, and bending cycles, standardizing communication in design processes.

• Modifications and Amendments
  The 2017 draft amendment introduced updates in dynamic effects, load factor calculations, rope force spectrum factors, inspection intervals, and other technical clauses to reflect improved safety practices.

Applications

• Crane Design and Manufacturing
  Engineers and manufacturers utilize EN 13001-3-2 standards during the design phase to ensure wire rope systems in cranes are robust, reliable, and safe throughout their service life.

• Safety Verification and Assessment
  Safety inspectors and certification bodies refer to these guidelines to verify that the crane operating conditions do not exceed wire rope limits, preventing catastrophic failures.

• Maintenance and Inspection Scheduling
  The standard aids in establishing inspection intervals based on rope usage and fatigue calculations, supporting proactive maintenance plans.

• Multilayer Drum Reeving Systems
  For cranes with multilayer drums, this standard prescribes extra checks to manage increased rope wear and stress, enhancing crane operational durability.

• Compliance with EU Directives
  Aligns crane wire rope design and safety features with EU machinery safety directives, facilitating regulatory compliance and market acceptance.

Related Standards

• EN 13001-1: General design principles and basic requirements for crane safety and reliability.
• EN 13001-2: Load actions on cranes defining load combinations for design verification.
• EN 13411-8: Safety requirements for swage terminals and termination methods for steel wire ropes.
• EN 13001-3-4 and EN 13001-3-6: Address safety verification for crane machinery components such as bearings and hydraulic cylinders.
• ISO and EN standards on wire rope construction and testing: Complement EN 13001-3-2 by providing detailed manufacturing and testing protocols for wire ropes and accessories.

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Keywords

Crane wire ropes, reeving systems, crane safety standards, EN 13001-3-2, wire rope fatigue, limit states, rope strength verification, multilayer drum design, crane load calculations, dynamic factors, structural safety cranes, European crane standards, mechanical hazard prevention, rope termination safety.

Standards Content (Sample)

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN 13001-3-2:2014/oprA1:2017
01-december-2017
Žerjavi - Konstrukcija, splošno - 3-2. del: Mejna stanja in dokaz varnosti jeklenih
vrvi pri vrvnih pogonih
Cranes - General design - Part 3-2: Limit states and proof of competence of wire ropes in
reeving systems
Krane - Konstruktion allgemein - Teil 3-2: Grenzzustände und Sicherheitsnachweis von
Drahtseilen in Seiltrieben
Appareils de levage à charge suspendue - Conception générale - Partie 3-2 : Etats
limites et vérification d'aptitude des câbles en acier mouflés
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 13001-3-2:2014/prA1
ICS:
21.220.20 Vrvni pogoni in njihovi deli Cable or rope drives and
their components
53.020.20 Dvigala Cranes
SIST EN 13001-3-2:2014/oprA1:2017 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

SIST EN 13001-3-2:2014/oprA1:2017

SIST EN 13001-3-2:2014/oprA1:2017

DRAFT
EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN 13001-3-2:2014
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
prA1
September 2017
ICS 21.220.20; 53.020.20
English Version
Cranes - General design - Part 3-2: Limit states and proof
of competence of wire ropes in reeving systems
Appareils de levage à charge suspendue - Conception Krane - Konstruktion allgemein - Teil 3-2:
générale - Partie 3-2 : Etats limites et vérification Grenzzustände und Sicherheitsnachweis von
d'aptitude des câbles en acier mouflés Drahtseilen in Seiltrieben
This draft amendment is submitted to CEN members for enquiry. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee CEN/TC 147.

This draft amendment A1, if approved, will modify the European Standard EN 13001-3-2:2014. If this draft becomes an
amendment, CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for
inclusion of this amendment into the relevant national standard without any alteration.

This draft amendment was established by CEN in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other
language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC
Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Turkey and United Kingdom.
Recipients of this draft are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant patent rights of which they are
aware and to provide supporting documentation.

Warning : This document is not a European Standard. It is distributed for review and comments. It is subject to change without
notice and shall not be referred to as a European Standard.

EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2017 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 13001-3-2:2014/prA1:2017 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

SIST EN 13001-3-2:2014/oprA1:2017
EN 13001-3-2:2014/prA1:2017 (E)
Contents Page
European foreword . 3
1 Modifications to the European foreword . 4
2 Modifications to Clause 2, "Normative references" . 4
3 Modifications to 3.2, "Symbols and abbreviations" . 4
4 Modification to 4.4, "Rope and rope terminations" . 7
5 Modification to 5.2.2.4, "Test load" . 7
6 Modification to 5.3.2, "Equivalent force" . 8
7 Modifications to 5.4, "Limit design rope force" . 8
8 Modification to 6.2.1, "Principle conditions" . 9
9 Modifications to 6.3.3, "Rope force spectrum factor" . 9
10 Modifications to 6.3.4, "Relative total number of bendings" . 9
11 Modifications to 6.4.1, "Basic formula" . 9
12 Modification to 6.4.2, "Diameters of drum and sheaves" . 9
13 Modification to 6.4.7, "Rope types" . 10
14 Modification to 6.5, "Additional requirements for multilayer drum" . 10
15 Modifications to 7, "Stationary ropes" . 12
16 Modifications to Annex A, "Number of relevant bendings". 12
17 Modifications to Annex B, "Guidance for selection of design number of hoist ropes l
r
used during the design life of crane". 13
18 Modifications to Annex C, "Selection of a suitable set of crane standards for a given
application" . 13
19 Modifications to the Bibliography . 14

SIST EN 13001-3-2:2014/oprA1:2017
EN 13001-3-2:2014/prA1:2017 (E)
European foreword
This document (EN 13001-3-2:2014/prA1:2017) has been prepared by Technical Committee
CEN/TC 147 “Cranes — Safety”, the secretariat of which is held by BSI.
This document is currently submitted to the CEN Enquiry.
This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the
European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s).
For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative Annex ZA of EN 13001-3-2:2014.
SIST EN 13001-3-2:2014/oprA1:2017
EN 13001-3-2:2014/prA1:2017 (E)
1 Modifications to the European foreword
After “This document supersedes” replace the following part of the text: “CEN/TS 13001-3-2:2008” with
“EN 13001-3-2:2014”.
After “The major changes in this document are in the following clauses:” replace the first indent with the
following:
"
— 5.2.2.4 Load cases effects of dynamic cut-off and emergency cut-out are added in Table 2;
— 5.4;
— 6.3.3 Relationship between inspection intervals and number of ropes; and
— 6.5;”.
th th
In the 10 paragraph replace the 5 indent with the following:
"
— Part 3-4: Limit states and proof of competence of machinery — Bearings”
th
and after the 6 indent add:
"
— Part 3-6: Limit states and proof of competence of machinery — Hydraulic cylinders”.
2 Modifications to Clause 2, "Normative references"
Delete the following references:
“EN 1990:2002, Eurocode — Basis of structural design”
“EN 13411-1, Terminations for steel wire ropes — Safety — Part 1: Thimbles for steel wire rope slings”
“EN 13411-2, Terminations for steel wire ropes — Safety — Part 2: Splicing of eyes for wire rope slings”
Add the following reference:
“EN 13411-8, Terminations for steel wire ropes — Safety — Part 8: Swage terminals and swaging”
3 Modifications to 3.2, "Symbols and abbreviations"
Replace Table 1 with the following table:
“
Symbols,
Description
abbreviations
a Acceleration
C Total number of working cycles (see EN 13001-1) during design life of crane
D Relevant diameter
D
Minimum pitch diameter of drum
drum
SIST EN 13001-3-2:2014/oprA1:2017
EN 13001-3-2:2014/prA1:2017 (E)
Symbols,
Description
abbreviations
D
Minimum pitch diameter of sheave
sheave
D
Minimum pitch diameter of compensating sheave
comp
d Rope diameter
d
Diameter of bearing or shaft
bearing
F
Equivalent force
equ
F Part of F induced by gravity, exclusive of mass of payload, amplified by γ
gd equ p
F Part of F induced by gravity forces of mass of payload, amplified by γ
gl equ p
F Part of F induced by any other forces, amplified by γ
o equ p
F
Limit design rope force for the proof of static strength
Rd,s
F
Limit design rope force for the proof of fatigue strength
Rd,f
F
Limit design rope force for multilayer drum
Rd,m
F
Design rope force for the proof of static strength
Sd,s
F
Design rope force for multilayer drum
Sd,m
F Part of F induced by resistances, amplified by γ
r equ p
F
Design rope force for the proof of fatigue strength
Sd,f
F Part of F induced by rope tightening forces, amplified by γ
t equ p
F
Minimum rope breaking force
u
F Part of F induced by wind forces, amplified by γ
w equ p
f
Factor of further influences
f
f
Factor of diameter ratio influence
f1
f
Factor tensile strength of wire influence
f2
f
Factor of fleet angle influence
f3
f
Factor of lubrication influence
f4
f
Factor of groove radius influence
f6
f
Factor of rope type influence
f7
f
Rope force increasing factor from rope reeving efficiency
S1
f
Rope force increasing factor from non parallel falls
S2
f
Rope force increasing factor from horizontal acceleration
S3
*
f Rope force increasing factors in fatigue
si
g Acceleration due to gravity
i Index for cycles of lifting and lowering
SIST EN 13001-3-2:2014/oprA1:2017
EN 13001-3-2:2014/prA1:2017 (E)
Symbols,
Description
abbreviations
i
Total number of movements
max
kQ Load spectrum factor (see EN 13001-1)
k
Rope force spectrum factor
r
l
Number of ropes used during design life of the crane
r
q Normalized height distribution
m
Mass of hoist load (see EN 13001-1)
H
m
Mass of hoist load that is acting on the rope falls under consideration
Hr
m
Rotatory rope driven mass
r
m
Translational rope driven mass
t
n
Number of fixed sheave between drum and moving part
s
n
Mechanical advantage
m
n
Number of ropes reeved from a drum
r
R
Minimum tensile strength of the wire used in the rope
R
Reference ratio of rope bending diameter to rope diameter
Dd
R
Tensile strength level of wire
r
r
Groove radius
g
s
Rope force history parameter
r
t Rope type factor
w Number of relevant bendings per movement
w
Bending count
c
w
Number of bendings at reference point
D
w
Calculated total number of bendings
tot
z, z , z , z ,
i min max
Height coordinates
z
ref
α Angle of slope
β, β
Angles between falls and line of acting force
max
Angle between gravity and projected rope in plane of F and g
γ
h
γ
Risk coefficient
n
γ
Partial safety factor
p
γ
Minimum rope resistance factor (static)
rb
γ
Minimum
...