EN 16906:2023
(Main)Liquid petroleum products - Determination of the ignition quality of diesel fuels - Fixed compression ratio engine method
Liquid petroleum products - Determination of the ignition quality of diesel fuels - Fixed compression ratio engine method
This document specifies a test method for the determination of cetane numbers ("CN") of diesel fuels, using a standard single cylinder, four-stroke cycle, indirect injection engine. The cetane number provides a measure of the ignition characteristics of diesel fuels in compression ignition engines. The cetane number is determined at constant speed in a compression ignition test engine equipped with a swirl chamber.
The cetane number scale covers the range from 0 to 100, but typical testing is performed in the CN range from about 40 to about 75. The precision of this test method covers the CN range from 44 to about 66.
This document is applicable to distillate as well as paraffinic diesel fuels intended for use in diesel engines, including those containing up to a volume fraction of 10 % fatty-acid methyl esters (FAME), ignition-improvers or other diesel fuel additives.
When this engine test procedure is used for other fuels such as synthetics and vegetable oils, samples with fuel properties that interfere with the gravity-based pre-supply pressure to the fuel pump e.g. due to high viscosity can only be used to a limited extent. Precision data for such fuels are not available at this stage.
NOTE The test method is also suitable for determining cetane numbers outside the range of the scope; however, the precision statement only applies for fuels in the specified range.
WARNING - The use of this document can involve hazardous materials, operations and equipment. This document does not purport to address all of the safety problems associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this document to take appropriate measures to ensure the safety and health of personnel prior to application of the document, and fulfil statutory and regulatory requirements for this purpose.
Flüssige Mineralölerzeugnisse - Bestimmung der Zündwilligkeit von Dieselkraftstoffen - Verfahren mit einem Prüfmotor mit konstantem Verdichtungsverhältnis
Dieses Dokument legt ein Prüfverfahren zur Bestimmung von Cetanzahlen ("CZ") in Dieselkraftstoffen unter Verwendung eines standardisierten Viertakt-Einzylindermotors mit indirekter Einspritzung fest. Die Cetanzahl gibt das Maß der Zündwilligkeit von Dieselkraftstoffen in Dieselmotoren an. Die Cetanzahl wird bei konstanter Drehzahl in einem mit einer Wirbelkammer ausgestatteten Prüfmotor mit Kompressionszündung bestimmt.
Der Skalenbereich der Cetanzahl deckt den Bereich von 0 bis 100 ab, allerdings wird die Prüfung üblicher-weise im Bereich von etwa 40 CZ bis etwa 75 CZ durchgeführt. Die Präzision dieses Prüfverfahrens deckt den Bereich von 44 CZ bis etwa 66 CZ ab.
Dieses Dokument ist anwendbar für Destillatkraftstoffe sowie für paraffinische Dieselkraftstoffe, die zur Verwendung in Dieselmotoren vorgesehen sind, einschließlich solcher, die Fettsäure-Methylester (en: fatty-acid methyl esters, FAME), Zündverbesserer oder andere Dieselkraftstoff-Additive bis zu einem Volumen¬anteil von 10 % enthalten.
Wenn dieses motorische Prüfverfahren für andere Kraftstoffe wie synthetische Produkte und Pflanzenöle angewendet wird, können Proben mit Brennstoffeigenschaften, die den Schwerkraft-Vorförderdruck zur Kraftstoffpumpe z. B. aufgrund einer hohen Viskosität stören, jedoch nur bedingt verwendet werden. Präzisionsdaten für derartige Kraftstoffe stehen zu diesem Zeitpunkt nicht zur Verfügung.
ANMERKUNG Das Prüfverfahren ist auch zur Bestimmung von Cetanzahlen außerhalb der Reichweite des Anwendungsbereichs geeignet, allerdings gilt die Präzisionsaussage nur für Kraftstoffe innerhalb des angegebenen Bereichs.
WARNUNG - Die Anwendung dieses Dokuments kann die Anwendung gefährlicher Stoffe, Arbeitsgänge und Geräte mit sich bringen. Dieses Dokument beansprucht nicht, alle damit verbundenen Sicherheitsprobleme zu behandeln. Es liegt in der Verantwortung des Anwenders dieses Dokuments, vor der Anwendung geeignete Maßnahmen für die Sicherheit und den Gesundheitsschutz des Personals zu ergreifen und dafür Sorge zu tragen, dass behördliche und gesetzliche Maßnahmen eingehalten werden.
Produits pétroliers liquides - Détermination de la qualité d'allumage des combustibles Diesel - Méthode avec moteur à taux de compression fixe
Le présent document spécifie une méthode d'essai permettant de déterminer les indices de cétane (« IC ») des carburants pour moteurs diesel sur un moteur monocylindre classique à injection indirecte fonctionnant selon un cycle à 4 temps. L'indice de cétane fournit une mesure des caractéristiques d'inflammation des carburants diesel utilisés dans les moteurs à allumage par compression. L'indice de cétane est déterminé à vitesse de rotation constante, sur un moteur d'essai à allumage par compression équipé d'une chambre de turbulence.
L'échelle d'indice de cétane couvre la plage de 0 à 100, mais les essais classiques sont effectués entre IC 40 et IC 75 environ. La fidélité de la présente méthode d'essai couvre la plage d'IC 44 à IC 66 environ.
Le présent document s'applique aux distillats et aux carburants diesel paraffiniques destinés à être utilisés dans des moteurs diesel, y compris ceux contenant jusqu’à 10 % en volume d’esters méthyliques d'acides gras (EMAG), des activateurs d'allumage ou d'autres adjuvants de carburants pour moteurs diesel.
Lorsque ce mode opératoire est utilisé pour d'autres carburants tels que les produits de synthèse ou les huiles végétales, les échantillons composés de carburants dont les propriétés perturberaient la pression d'alimentation par gravité avant écoulement dans la pompe d'injection en raison, par exemple, d'une forte viscosité, ne peuvent être utilisés que dans des cas limités. Aucune valeur de fidélité n'est encore disponible à ce stade pour ces carburants.
NOTE La méthode d'essai convient également pour déterminer les indices de cétane en dehors de l'intervalle du domaine d'application ; par contre les valeurs de fidélité établies dans ce document ne s'appliquent qu'aux carburants dans la gamme spécifiée.
ATTENTION - L'utilisation du présent document peut impliquer la mise en œuvre de matériaux, d'opérations et de matériels dangereux. Le présent document ne prétend pas aborder tous les problèmes de sécurité associés à son utilisation. Il est de la responsabilité de l'utilisateur du présent document de prendre les mesures appropriées pour assurer la sécurité et préserver la santé du personnel avant l'application du présent document, et satisfaire aux exigences légales et réglementaires applicables à cet effet.
Tekoči naftni proizvodi - Ugotavljanje kakovosti vžiga dizelskih goriv - Motorna metoda s fiksnim kompresijskim razmerjem
Ta dokument določa preskusno metodo za določanje cetanskega števila (»CN«) pri dizelskem gorivu z uporabo standardnega enovaljnega štiritaktnega motorja s posrednim vbrizgom. Cetansko število ponuja merilo za lastnosti vžiga dizelskega goriva v motorjih s kompresijskim vžigom. Cetansko število se določi pri enakomerni hitrosti v preskusnem motorju s kompresijskim vžigom, ki je opremljen z vrtinčno komoro.
Lestvica cetanskega števila je v razponu od 0 do 100, vendar običajno preskušanje poteka v razponu od približno 40 do približno 75 CN. Natančnost te preskusne metode je v razponu od 44 do približno 66 CN.
Ta dokument se uporablja za destilatna in parafinska dizelska goriva, namenjena za uporabo v dizelskih motorjih, vključno s tistimi, ki vsebujejo metilne estre maščobnih kislin (FAME), dodatke za izboljšanje vžiga ali druge dodatke za dizelsko gorivo.
Ta postopek preskušanja motorja se lahko uporablja za druga goriva, kot so sintetična in rastlinska olja. Vendar pa se vzorci z lastnostmi goriva, ki vplivajo na gravitacijski tlak pred dovodom do črpalke za gorivo, npr. zaradi visoke viskoznosti, lahko uporabljajo le v omejenem obsegu. Podatki o natančnosti za taka goriva v tej fazi niso na voljo. Podatki o natančnosti za parafinska dizelska goriva so trenutno v izdelavi.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-december-2023
Nadomešča:
SIST EN 16906:2017
Tekoči naftni proizvodi - Ugotavljanje kakovosti vžiga dizelskih goriv - Motorna
metoda s fiksnim kompresijskim razmerjem
Liquid petroleum products - Determination of the ignition quality of diesel fuels - Fixed
compression ratio engine method
Flüssige Mineralölerzeugnisse — Bestimmung der Zündwilligkeit von Dieselkraftstoffen
— Verfahren mit einem Prüfmotor mit konstantem Verdichtungsverhältnis
Produits pétroliers liquides — Détermination de la qualité d'allumage des combustibles
Diesel — Méthode du moteur à taux de compression fixe
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 16906:2023
ICS:
13.220.40 Sposobnost vžiga in Ignitability and burning
obnašanje materialov in behaviour of materials and
proizvodov pri gorenju products
75.160.20 Tekoča goriva Liquid fuels
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
EN 16906
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
October 2023
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 75.160.20 Supersedes EN 16906:2017
English Version
Liquid petroleum products - Determination of the ignition
quality of diesel fuels - Fixed compression ratio engine
method
Produits pétroliers liquides - Détermination de la Flüssige Mineralölerzeugnisse - Bestimmung der
qualité d'allumage des combustibles Diesel - Méthode Zündwilligkeit von Dieselkraftstoffen - Verfahren mit
avec moteur à taux de compression fixe einem Prüfmotor mit konstantem
Verdichtungsverhältnis
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 4 September 2023.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Türkiye and
United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2023 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 16906:2023 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
Contents Page
European foreword . 4
Introduction . 5
1 Scope . 6
2 Normative references . 6
3 Terms and definitions . 6
4 Principle . 7
5 Reagents and materials . 7
5.1 Reference materials . 7
5.2 Check fuels . 8
6 Apparatus . 8
6.1 General . 8
6.2 Mechanical equipment . 9
6.3 Electrical equipment . 10
6.4 Reference fuel dispensing equipment . 11
7 Sampling . 11
8 Standard operating and test conditions . 12
9 Calibration, verification and quality control. 12
10 Procedure. 12
10.1 Engine check and warm-up . 12
10.2 Bracketing procedure . 13
10.2.1 Unknown sample . 13
10.2.2 First primary reference fuel . 13
10.2.3 Second primary reference fuel . 13
10.2.4 Repeat readings . 14
10.3 Procedure using a calibration graph. 14
10.4 Shut-down of the engine . 15
11 Calculation . 15
11.1 Calculation for the bracketing procedure . 15
11.2 Calculation for the calibration graph . 15
12 Expression of results . 16
13 Precision . 16
13.1 General . 16
13.2 Repeatability . 16
13.3 Reproducibility . 16
Annex A (informative) Evaluation example of the cetane number using a calibration graph . 17
Annex B (informative) Auxiliary digital equipment . 18
B.1 General . 18
B.2 Apparatus . 18
B.2.1 Oil-pressure sensor, installed at the oil pressure line. 18
B.2.2 Oil temperature sensor, combined with the additionally supplied oil dip-stick to be placed
into the designated borehole. .18
B.2.3 Exhaust gas temperature sensor, placed to the exhaust-pipe. .18
B.2.4 Cooling-water temperature sensor, installed at the water elbow joint. .18
B.2.5 Injection Pick-up, placed on the injection nozzle. .18
B.2.6 Dead-Top Centre (DTC) Pick-up, installed at the fastener opposite to the flywheel. .18
B.2.7 Combustion Pick-up, inductive pressure difference sensor or absolute pressure sensor. 18
B.2.8 Vacuum sensor, installed at the entrance of the surge tank. .18
B.2.9 Ambient sensor, for absolute air pressure, temperature and humidity. .18
B.2.10 Intake air temperature sensor (optional), for monitoring the steady-state conditions for
operating the engine. .18
B.2.11 Diesel flow meter (optional), for measuring the diesel flow rate. .18
B.3 Set-up .18
B.4 Calibration.19
Bibliography .20
European foreword
This document (EN 16906:2023) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 19 “Gaseous and
liquid fuels, lubricants and related products of petroleum, synthetic and biological origin”, the secretariat
of which is held by NEN.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by April 2024, and conflicting national standards shall be
withdrawn at the latest by April 2024.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document supersedes EN 16906:2017.
The main changes compared to the previous edition EN 16906:2017 are listed below:
— new title;
— new scope and precision based on proficiency testing scheme data within DIN-FAM;
— introduction of a new low cetane primary reference fuel, pentamethylheptane (PMH);
— introduction of a statistical observable bias with EN ISO 5165 in the expression of results section.
Any feedback and questions on this document should be directed to the users’ national standards body.
A complete listing of these bodies can be found on the CEN website.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia,
Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland,
Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of North
Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Türkiye and the United
Kingdom.
Introduction
The test method described in this document is based on DIN 51773 [1], which had been developed in the
German group, DIN NA 062-06-43 AA “Combustion characteristic of fuels”, and which has been used very
successfully since more than 40 years. It was originally known as the 'BASF engine'.
The described method is an alternative quantitative determination of the cetane number of middle
distillate fuels intended for use in compression ignition engines.
A correlation study between this method and EN ISO 5165 has been done and the results of this are
incorporated in the precision report issued in 2019 [2] and in this document.
The testing of pure FAME (which is in the scope of EN ISO 5165) has been excluded from the scope for
the time being as there seems to be sample specific biases for such product. CEN will initiate appropriate
causal studies.
1 Scope
This document specifies a test method for the determination of cetane numbers (“CN”) of diesel fuels,
using a standard single cylinder, four-stroke cycle, indirect injection engine. The cetane number provides
a measure of the ignition characteristics of diesel fuels in compression ignition engines. The cetane
number is determined at constant spe
...
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