EN ISO 75-1:2004

Plastics - Determination of temperature of deflection under load - Part 1: General test method (ISO 75-1:2004)

ISO 75-1:2004 specifies a general test method for the determination of the temperature of deflection under load (flexural stress under three-point loading) of plastics. Different types of test specimen and different constant loads are defined to suit different types of material.

Kunststoffe - Bestimmung der Wärmeformbeständigkeitstemperatur - Teil 1: Allgemeine Prüfverfahren (ISO 75-1:2004)

1.1   ISO 75 beschreibt Verfahren zur Bestimmung der Wärmeformbeständigkeitstemperatur von Kunststoffen unter Last (Biegespannung unter Dreipunktbelastung). Für verschiedene Typen von Werkstoffen werden verschiedene Probekörper und verschiedene Lasten festgelegt.
1.2   Dieser Teil von ISO 75 beschreibt ein allgemeines Prüfverfahren, Teil 2 spezifische Vorschriften für Kunststoffe, Hartgummi und langfaserverstärkte Kunststoffe und Teil 3 spezifische Vorschriften für hochbeständige härtbare Schichtstoffe.
1.3   Die beschriebenen Verfahren sind geeignet, das Verhalten verschiedener Werkstoffe bei erhöhter Temperatur abzuschätzen, wenn unter Belastung die Temperatur mit einer vorgegebenen Geschwindigkeit erhöht wird. Die erhaltenen Ergebnisse stellen nicht unbedingt die maximalen Gebrauchstemperaturen dar, da sich in der Praxis wesentliche Faktoren wie Zeit, Belastungsbedingungen und Biegespannung von den Prüfbedingungen unterscheiden können. Eine wirkliche Vergleichbarkeit der Daten kann nur bei Werkstoffen mit dem selben Biegemodul bei Raumtemperatur erreicht werden.
1.4   Die Verfahren legen die bevorzugten Maße der Probekörper fest. Prüfungen an Probekörpern mit unterschiedlichen Abmessungen oder an Probekörpern, die unter verschiedenen Bedingungen hergestellt wurden, können unterschiedliche Ergebnisse erzielen. Konsequenterweise sollten daher, um vergleichbare Werte zu erhalten, die Herstellbedingungen der Probekörper und die Prüfbedingungen sorgfältig kontrolliert und aufgezeichnet werden.
1.5   Die mit den beschriebenen Prüfverfahren ermittelten Daten dürfen nicht für eine Gebrauchstauglichkeitsvoraussage verwendet werden.
1.6   Im Teil 2 sind zwei Probekörperpositionen zugelassen. Dennoch ist die Flachkant-Position die zu bevorzugende und empfohlene, während Prüfungen in Hochkant-Position nur noch als Option aufgeführt sind.
1.7   Dieses Verfahren ist allgemein als HDT (en: Heat Deflection Test oder Heat Distortion Test) bekannt, obwohl in keinem offiziellen Dokument di

Plastiques - Détermination de la température de fléchissement sous charge - Partie 1: Méthode d'essai générale (ISO 75-1:2004)

L'ISO 75 spécifie des méthodes permettant de déterminer la température de fléchissement sous charge (contrainte de flexion sous mise en charge en trois points) des plastiques. Différents types d'éprouvettes et différentes charges constantes sont définis pour correspondre à des types de matériaux différents.
L'ISO 75-1:2004 décrit une méthode générale d'essai, la partie 2 donne des exigences particulières pour les plastiques (incluant les plastiques remplis et les plastiques renforcés de fibres, dans lesquels la longueur de fibre avant l'emploi est inférieure ou égale à 7,5 mm) et l'ébonite, et la partie 3 donne des exigences particulières pour les stratifiés thermodurcissables à haute résistance et les plastiques renforcés de fibres longues, dans lesquels la longueur de fibre est supérieure à 7,5 mm.

Polimerni materiali - Določanje temperature upogiba pod obremenitvijo - 1. del: Splošna preskusna metoda (ISO 75-1:2004)

General Information

• Status: Withdrawn
• Publication Date: 30-Aug-2004
• Withdrawal Date: 16-Apr-2013
• ICS: 83.080.01 - Plastics in general
• Technical Committee: CEN/TC 249 - Plastics
• Drafting Committee: CEN/TC 249 - Plastics
• Current Stage: 9960 - Withdrawal effective - Withdrawal
• Start Date: 17-Apr-2013
• Completion Date: 17-Apr-2013
• Ref Project: SIST EN ISO 75-1:2004 - Plastics - Determination of temperature of deflection under load - Part 1: General test method (ISO 75-1:2004)

Relations

• Replaces: EN ISO 75-1:1996 - Plastics - Determination of temperature of deflection under load - Part 1: General test method (ISO 75-1:1993)
• Effective Date: 22-Dec-2008
• Replaced By: EN ISO 75-1:2013 - Plastics - Determination of temperature of deflection under load - Part 1: General test method (ISO 75-1:2013)
• Effective Date: 13-Nov-2010

Standards Content (Sample)

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN ISO 75-1:2004
01-oktober-2004
1DGRPHãþD
SIST EN ISO 75-1:2000
3ROLPHUQLPDWHULDOL'RORþDQMHWHPSHUDWXUHXSRJLEDSRGREUHPHQLWYLMRGHO
6SORãQDSUHVNXVQDPHWRGD,62

Plastics - Determination of temperature of deflection under load - Part 1: General test

method (ISO 75-1:2004)

Kunststoffe - Bestimmung der Wärmeformbeständigkeitstemperatur - Teil 1: Allgemeine

Prüfverfahren (ISO 75-1:2004)

Plastiques - Détermination de la température de fléchissement sous charge - Partie 1:

Méthode d'essai générale (ISO 75-1:2004)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 75-1:2004
ICS:
83.080.01 Polimerni materiali na Plastics in general
splošno
SIST EN ISO 75-1:2004 en,fr,de

2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

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SIST EN ISO 75-1:2004
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SIST EN ISO 75-1:2004
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SIST EN ISO 75-1:2004
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SIST EN ISO 75-1:2004
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 75-1
Second edition
2004-05-15
Plastics — Determination of temperature of
deflection under load —
Part 1:
General test method
Plastiques — Détermination de la température de fléchissement sous
charge —
Partie 1: Méthode d'essai générale
Reference number
ISO 75-1:2004(E)
ISO 2004
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SIST EN ISO 75-1:2004
ISO 75-1:2004(E)
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ii © ISO 2003 – All rights reserved
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SIST EN ISO 75-1:2004
ISO 75-1:2004(E)
Contents Page

Foreword .................................................................................................................................................................... iv

Introduction................................................................................................................................................................. v

1 Scope.............................................................................................................................................................. 1

2 Normative references.................................................................................................................................... 1

3 Terms and definitions................................................................................................................................... 2

4 Principle ......................................................................................................................................................... 3

5 Apparatus....................................................................................................................................................... 3

6 Test specimens ............................................................................................................................................. 6

7 Conditioning .................................................................................................................................................. 6

8 Procedure....................................................................................................................................................... 7

9 Expression of results.................................................................................................................................... 9

10 Precision ........................................................................................................................................................ 9

11 Test report...................................................................................................................................................... 9

Bibliography.............................................................................................................................................................. 10

© ISO 2004 – All rights reserved iii
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SIST EN ISO 75-1:2004
ISO 75-1:2004(E)
Foreword

ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO

member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical

committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has

the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in

liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical

Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.

International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.

The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted

by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International

Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.

Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights.

ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.

ISO 75-1 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 61, Plastics, Subcommittee SC 2, Mechanical properties.

This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 75-1:1993), which has been technically revised.

ISO 75 consists of the following parts, under the general title Plastics — Determination of temperature of deflection

under load:
 Part 1: General test method
 Part 2: Plastics and ebonite

 Part 3: High-strength thermosetting laminates and long-fibre-reinforced plastics

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SIST EN ISO 75-1:2004
ISO 75-1:2004(E)
Introduction

ISO 75-1:1993 and ISO 75-2:1993 described three methods (A, B and C) using different test loads and two

specimen positions, edgewise and flatwise. For testing in the flatwise position, test specimens with dimensions

80 mm × 10 mm × 4 mm were required. These can be moulded directly or machined from the central section of the

multipurpose test specimen (see ISO 3167). These “ISO bars” cannot be easily used in the edgewise position,

because this would require both a reduction in span and an increase in test load by the same factor, and this may

be impossible to achieve on existing instruments for edgewise testing. Specimens for testing in the edgewise

position are less closely specified. Using the 80 mm × 10 mm × 4 mm ISO bar in the flatwise mode has the

following advantages:
 Thermal expansion of the test specimen has less influence on the test result.

 Draft angles do not influence the test result. The specimen does not stand “on edge”.

 The moulding parameters and the specimen dimensions are specified more closely.

This increases the comparability of the test results. Therefore, it was decided that the possibility of testing in the

edgewise position would be deleted from the standard. In order to provide a sufficient transition period, in this

edition the flatwise position is described as the preferred and recommended one, while testing in the edgewise

position is optional and has been moved to a normative annex (in ISO 75-2). This annex and all other references to

edgewise testing will be deleted on occasion of the next revision of this document.

Earlier editions of this International Standard allowed methods other than using a heating bath for heating the test

specimen, namely forced-circulation ovens or fluidized beds. None of these alternative methods is widely used and

no proven instruments are commercially available. Furthermore, there is no general comparability between tests

using different heating methods due to the differences in the heat transfer characteristics and the temperature

control methods described in this standard.
Therefore only heating in heating baths is allowed in this edition.

In order to maintain consistency with ISO 10350-1:1998, T has been used as the symbol for temperature of

deflection under load.
© ISO 2004 – All rights reserved v
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SIST EN ISO 75-1:2004
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SIST EN ISO 75-1:2004
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 75-1:2004(E)
Plastics — Determination of temperature of deflection under
load —
Part 1:
General test method
1 Scope

1.1 ISO 75 specifies methods for the determination of the temperature of deflection under load (flexural stress

under three-point loading) of plastics. Different types of test specimen and different constant loads are defined to

suit different types of material.

1.2 This part of ISO 75 gives a general test method, part 2 gives specific requirements for plastics (including

filled plastics and fibre-reinforced plastics in which the fibre length, prior to processing, is up to 7,5 mm) and

ebonite while part 3 gives specific requirements for high-strength thermosetting laminates and long-fibre-reinforced

plastics in which the fibre length is greater than 7,5 mm.

1.3 The methods specified are suitable for assessing the relative behaviour of different types of material at

elevated temperature under load at a specified rate of temperature increase. The results obtained do not

necessarily represent maximum applicable temperatures, because in practice essential factors such as time,

loading conditions and nominal surface stress may differ from the test conditions. True comparability of data can

only be achieved for materials having the same room-temperature flexural modulus.

1.4 The methods specify preferred dimensions for the test specimens. Tests which are carried out on specimens

of different dimensions, or on specimens which are prepared under different conditions, may produce different

results. Consequently, when repeatable data are required, sample preparation conditions and test variables should

be carefully controlled and recorded.

1.5 Data obtained using the test methods described may not be used to predict actual end-use performance.

The data are not intended for design analysis or predicting the endurance of materials at elevated temperatures.

1.6 For part 2, two test specimen positions are allowed. However, the flatwise position is the preferred and

recommended one, while testing in the edgewise position is described as optional only. It is intended to remove this

specimen position altogether on occasion of the next revision of this standard. Part 3 only allows flatwise testing.

1.7 This method is commonly known as the HDT test (heat deflection test or heat distortion test), although there

is no official document using this designation.
2 Normative references

The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references,

only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any

amendments) applies.

ISO 75-2:2004, Plastics — Determination of temperature of deflection under load — Part 2: Plastics and ebonite

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SIST EN ISO 75-1:2004
ISO 75-1:2004(E)

ISO 75-3:2004, Plastics — Determination of temperature of deflection under load — Part 3: High-strength

thermosetting laminates and long-fibre-reinforced plastics
ISO 291, Plastics — Standard atmospheres for conditioning and testing
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1
flexural strain

nominal fractional change in length of an element of the outer surface of the test specimen at mid-span

NOTE It is expressed as a dimensionless ratio or a percentage (%).
3.2
flexural strain increase
specified increase in flexural strain that takes place during heating
NOTE 1 It is expressed as a percentage (%).

NOTE 2 This quantity has been introduced to highlight the fact that the initial deflection caused by application of the test load

is not measured and that therefore the criterion for the end of the test does not constitute an absolute strain value. Only the

deflection increase is monitored (see also 3.4). This new quantity does not change the test or evaluation procedure compared to

older editions of this International Standard, but serves only to clarify what is really measured.

3.3
deflection

distance over which the top or bottom surface of the test specimen at mid-span has deviated during flexure from its

original position
NOTE It is expressed in millimetres (mm).
3.4
standard deflection

increase in deflection corresponding to the flexural strain increase ∆ε at the surface of the test specimen, and

which is specified in the relevant part of this International Standard
NOTE 1 It is expressed in millimetres (mm) [see 8.3, equations (5) and (6)].

NOTE 2 The standard deflection depends on the dimensions and position of the test specimen and the span between the

supports.
3.5
flexural stress
nominal stress at the outer surface of the test specimen at mid-span
NOTE It is expressed in megapascals (MPa).
3.6
load

force, applied to the test specimen at mid-span, that results in a defined flexural stress

NOTE It is expressed in newtons (N) [see 8.1, equations (1) to (3)].
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SIST EN ISO 75-1:2004
ISO 75-1:2004(E)
3.7
temperature of deflection under load

temperature at which the deflection of the test specimen reaches the standard deflection as the temperature is

increased
NOTE It is expressed in degrees Celsius (°C).
4 Principle

A standard test specimen is subjected to three-point bending under a constant load in the flatwise (preferred) or the

edgewise position to produce one of the flexural stresses given in the relevant part of this International Standard.

The temperature is raised at a uniform rate, an
...