EN ISO 9994:2002
(Main)Lighters - Safety specification (ISO 9994:2002)
Lighters - Safety specification (ISO 9994:2002)
Feuerzeuge - Festlegungen für die Sicherheit (ISO 9994:2002)
Diese Internationale Norm legt Anforderungen für Feuerzeuge im Hinblick auf ein vernünftiges Sicherheitsniveau bei bestimmungsgemäßem Gebrauch oder bei voraussehbarem, beabsichtigtem Missbrauch durch den Benutzer fest.
Die in dieser Internationalen Norm enthaltenen Festlegungen zur Sicherheit beziehen sich auf alle flammenerzeugenden Produkte, die allgemein als Feuerzeuge für Zigaretten, Zigarrenanzünder und Pfeifenanzünder bekannt sind. Die Festlegungen beziehen sich nicht auf Streichhölzer oder andere flammenproduzierenden Produkte, sondern ausschließlich auf Produkte, die zum Anzünden von Zigaretten, Zigarren und Pfeifen gedacht sind.
Feuerzeuge sowie alle Einrichtungen, die Flammen erzeugen, können wie alle Flammenquellen ein potenzielles Risiko für den Benutzer darstellen. Die in dieser Internationalen Norm enthaltenen sicherheitstechnischen Festlegungen können nicht alle Risiken ausschließen, sie sind aber dazu bestimmt, das potenzielle Risiko für den Benutzer zu reduzieren.
Briquets - Spécifications de sécurité (ISO 9994:2002)
Vžigalniki - Varnostna specifikacija (ISO 9994:2002)
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN ISO 9994:2004
01-januar-2004
1DGRPHãþD
SIST EN ISO 9994:2001
Vžigalniki - Varnostna specifikacija (ISO 9994:2002)
Lighters - Safety specification (ISO 9994:2002)
Feuerzeuge - Festlegungen für die Sicherheit (ISO 9994:2002)
Briquets - Spécifications de sécurité (ISO 9994:2002)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 9994:2002
ICS:
97.180 Razna oprema za dom in Miscellaneous domestic and
trgovino commercial equipment
SIST EN ISO 9994:2004 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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SIST EN ISO 9994:2004
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SIST EN ISO 9994:2004
EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN ISO 9994
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
March 2002
ICS 97.180 Supersedes EN ISO 9994:1996
English version
Lighters - Safety specification (ISO 9994:2002)
Briquets - Spécifications de sécurité (ISO 9994:2002) Feuerzeuge - Festlegungen für die Sicherheit (ISO
9994:2002)
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 25 February 2002.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European
Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national
standards may be obtained on application to the Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Management Centre has the same status as the official
versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece,
Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels
© 2002 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN ISO 9994:2002 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
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SIST EN ISO 9994:2004
EN ISO 9994:2002 (E)
CORRECTED 2002-07-24
Foreword
This document (ISO 9994:2002) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 61
"Plastics", the secretariat of which is held by CMC.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication
of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by September 2002, and conflicting
national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by September 2002.
This document supersedes EN ISO 9994:1996.
According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of
the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium,
Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the
United Kingdom.
Endorsement notice
The text of the International Standard ISO 9994:2002 has been approved by CEN as a
European Standard without any modifications.
2
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SIST EN ISO 9994:2004
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 9994
Third edition
2002-03-15
Lighters — Safety specification
Briquets — Spécifications de sécurité
Reference number
ISO 9994:2002(E)
©
ISO 2002
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SIST EN ISO 9994:2004
ISO 9994:2002(E)
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ii © ISO 2002 – All rights reserved
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SIST EN ISO 9994:2004
ISO 9994:2002(E)
Contents Page
Foreword.iv
1 Scope .1
2 Terms and definitions .1
3 Functional requirements.3
4 Structural integrity requirements.7
5 Test methods .9
6 Instructions and warnings.19
7 Product marking .21
Annex A (informative) Manufacturer’s acceptance limits for specifications and inset limits for flame
characteristics in 3.2.1 and 3.2.2.22
Bibliography.23
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SIST EN ISO 9994:2004
ISO 9994:2002(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO
member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical
committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has
the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in
liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical
Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 3.
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted
by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International
Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this International Standard may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
International Standard ISO 9994 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 61, Plastics.
This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition (ISO 9994:1995). Other than editorial changes made for
purposes of clarification, and changes in format now required by ISO, there are a number of technical changes as
follows.
a) The maximum flame height for adjustable postmixing burner gas lighters has been reduced.
b) Requirements for premixing burner gas lighters have been added to the standard. This type of lighter is
sometimes referred to as a “catalytic” lighter.
c) In the elevated-temperature test, the temperature has been increased and the controlled water bath has been
deleted.
d) The direction for flame height adjustment is now required to be permanently imprinted or engraved on the
lighter.
e) In the fuel compatibility test and the elevated-temperature test, a lighter empty of fuel is considered a failure.
This International Standard reproduces the technical content of ASTM/ANSI F 400-97.
Annex A of this International Standard is for information only.
iv © ISO 2002 – All rights reserved
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SIST EN ISO 9994:2004
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 9994:2002(E)
Lighters — Safety specification
1 Scope
This International Standard establishes requirements for lighters to ensure a reasonable degree of safety for
normal use or reasonably foreseeable misuse of such lighters by users.
The safety specification given in this International Standard applies to all flame-producing products commonly
known as cigarette lighters, cigar lighters and pipe lighters. It does not apply to matches, nor does it apply to other
flame-producing products intended solely for igniting materials other than cigarettes, cigars, and pipes.
Lighters, being flame-producing devices, can, as do all flame sources, present a potential hazard to users. The
safety specification given in this International Standard cannot eliminate all hazards, but is intended to reduce
potential hazards to users.
2 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this International Standard, the following terms and definitions apply.
2.1
lighter
manually operated flame-producing device, employing a petrochemical derivative as a fuel, normally used for
deliberately igniting cigarettes, cigars and pipes, and which may foreseeably be used to ignite materials such as
paper, wicks, candles and lanterns
NOTE Lighters are specifically not intended for use as candles or as flashlights, or for other uses requiring an extended
burn time.
2.2
fluid lighter
lighter, with an exposed wick, that employs as fuel liquid hydrocarbons such as hexane whose gauge vapour
pressure at 24 °C does not exceed 34,5 kPa
2.3
gas lighter
lighter that employs as fuel liquefied hydrocarbons such as n-butane, isobutane and propane whose gauge vapour
pressure at 24 °C exceeds 104 kPa
2.4
postmixing burner lighter
gas lighter in which fuel is supplied for combustion and air is supplied at the point of combustion
2.5
premixing burner lighter
gas lighter in which fuel and air are mixed before being supplied for combustion
2.6
disposable lighter
lighter marketed with an integral supply of fuel and that is not intended to be refuelled
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SIST EN ISO 9994:2004
ISO 9994:2002(E)
2.7
refillable lighter
lighter intended to be refuelled either by transferring fuel from an external container or by inserting a new prefilled
fuel reservoir
2.8
adjustable lighter
lighter provided with a mechanism for the user to vary the flame height
2.9
non-adjustable lighter
lighter that is not provided with a user-accessible mechanism to adjust the flame height
NOTE The flame height is preset by the manufacturer.
2.10
automatically adjusting pipe lighter
lighter characterized by an automatic increase in flame height when tilted from an upright position, designed
specifically for the purpose of lighting pipes
2.11
self-extinguishing lighter
lighter that, once ignited, requires continuous intentional and positive action to maintain a flame and that is
subsequently extinguished by the termination of such positive action
2.12
non-self-extinguishing lighter
lighter that, once ignited, does not require intentional or positive action by the user to maintain a flame and requires
a subsequent deliberate user action to extinguish the flame
2.13
flame height
linear distance from the tip of the visible flame to the top of the shield or, in the absence of a shield, from the tip of
the visible flame to the bottom of the wick or burner valve orifice
2.14
shield
structure that totally or partially surrounds the burner valve orifice of a gas lighter or the wick of a fluid lighter
2.15
burner valve
component of a gas lighter which controls the release of fuel
2.16
burner valve orifice
tip of the burner valve from which fuel is released
2.17
flaring
variation of flame height from the steady-state flame condition
2.18
sustained self-ignition
propagation of a flame by other than deliberate manual operation, such as by dropping the lighter, so as to cause
the ignition element to be activated and the flame to continue to burn
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SIST EN ISO 9994:2004
ISO 9994:2002(E)
2.19
spitting
sputtering
flame phenomenon of a gas lighter wherein the escape of non-evaporated liquefied gas produces a shower of
burning liquid droplets which separate from the main flame
2.20
flame
result of combustion of fuel that produces heat and often light which could be visible with the naked eye under
normal or subdued lighting conditions
2.21
ignite
produce a flame with a lighter by activating the self-contained ignition and fuel release systems of that lighter in the
intended manner
3 Functional requirements
3.1 Flame generation
In order to minimize the possibility of inadvertent ignition, or self-ignition, lighters shall require a deliberate manual
operation to produce a flame. This operation shall conform to at least one of the following requirements:
a) positive action on the part of the user shall be required to generate and maintain a flame;
b) two or more independent actions by the user shall be required to generate a flame;
c) an actuating force equal to, or greater than, 15 N shall be required to generate a flame (see Figure 1 or
Figure 2).
3.2 Flame heights
NOTE Maximum flame heights specified in this International Standard, for both postmixing burner lighters and premixing
burner lighters, will be reconsidered periodically with a view to gradual reduction in line with technological progress.
3.2.1 Non-adjustable lighters
3.2.1.1 Non-adjustable fluid lighters shall not be capable of producing a flame height greater than 120 mm
when tested in accordance with 5.2.
3.2.1.2 Non-adjustable, postmixing and premixing burner lighters shall not be capable of producing a flame
height greater than 50 mm when tested in accordance with 5.2.
3.2.2 Adjustable lighters
3.2.2.1 For adjustable lighters as defined in 2.8, the maximum flame height that a user will obtain under
different conditions of use shall comply with the following requirements when tested in accordance with 5.2.
3.2.2.2 Adjustable postmixing burner lighters shall have the flame height adjusted by the manufacturer in such
a manner that the lighter, when first ignited by the user — without changing the adjustment — will not produce a
flame height greater than 100 mm.
3.2.2.3 Adjustable postmixing burner lighters shall not be capable of producing a flame height greater than
120 mm when deliberately adjusted by the user to the manufacturer’s design limit for maximum flame height.
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SIST EN ISO 9994:2004
ISO 9994:2002(E)
Key
1 Lighter
2 Mass
F Flame-generation actuating force
Figure 1 — Application of flame-generation actuating force as specified in 3.1 c) — Push-button actuator
Key
1 Force gauge
F Flame-generation actuating force
Figure 2 — Application of flame-generation actuating force as specified in 3.1 c) — Rotary actuator
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SIST EN ISO 9994:2004
ISO 9994:2002(E)
3.2.2.4 Adjustable premixing burner lighters shall have the flame height adjusted by the manufacturer in such
a manner that the lighter, when first ignited by the user — without changing the adjustment — will not produce a
flame height greater then 60 mm.
3.2.2.5 Adjustable premixing burner lighters shall not be capable of producing a flame height greater than
75 mm when deliberately adjusted by the user to the manufacturer’s design limit for maximum flame height.
3.2.2.6 Adjustable postmixing and premixing burner lighters shall not be capable of producing a flame height
greater than 50 mm when set at the lowest possible flame height.
3.2.2.7 Automatically adjusting pipe lighters shall not be capable, in any position, of producing a flame height
greater than 100 mm.
3.2.2.8 The maximum attainable flame height for lighters shall be limited by pre-setting or by product design,
or both.
NOTE See also annex A on AQLs and the Bibliography for sampling scheme references.
3.3 Flame-height adjustment
3.3.1 Adjustable lighters as defined in 2.8 shall require a deliberate action on the part of the user either to
decrease or to increase the flame height when used in the normal manner. Adjustable lighters shall bear an
indication showing the direction of movement of the adjusting mechanism required to produce a higher or lower
flame.
3.3.2 On lighters whose adjusting mechanisms conform to 3.3.3 and 3.3.4, the direction of movement shall be
permanently imprinted or engraved on the lighter.
3.3.3 Gas lighters having rotary-movement flame-control actuators approximately at right-angles to the flame
shall perform as follows:
a) when the flame-control actuator is at the top of the lighter and the lighter is held so that the flame is oriented
vertically upward, and the user is facing the flame-control actuator, moving the actuator to the left shall
produce a decrease in flame height;
b) when the flame-control actuator is at the bottom of the lighter, and the lighter is held so that the user is facing
the actuator, a clockwise movement shall produce a decrease in flame height.
3.3.4 For gas lighters requiring movement of the flame-control actuator approximately parallel to the flame axis,
the flame height shall decrease or increase in accordance with the direction of the movement.
3.3.5 If the flame-control actuator protrudes from the body of the lighter, it shall require a minimum actuating
force of 1 N applied over the entire range of adjustment in a tangential direction (see Figure 3).
3.4 Resistance to spitting or sputtering and flaring
Gas lighters as defined in 2.3, when set at the maximum flame height, shall exhibit no spitting or sputtering as
defined in 2.19, or flaring as defined in 2.17, when tested in accordance with 5.3.
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SIST EN ISO 9994:2004
ISO 9994:2002(E)
Key
1 Direction of flame-control actuating force
Figure 3 — Application of flame-control actuating force as specified in 3.3.5
3.5 Flame extinction
When a lighter is extinguished in the intended manner, for example by closing a cover or by releasing a button or a
lever, it shall meet the following requirements with respect to extinction time.
a) Non-adjustable fluid and postmixing burner lighters, at their permanently set flame heights, when tested in
accordance with 5.4, shall have any exposed flame completely extinguished within 2 s after a 10 s burn.
b) Adjustable postmixing burner lighters, when tested in accordance with 5.4, shall have any flame completely
extinguished within 2 s
1) after a 10 s burn when set at a flame height of 50 mm, or the maximum flame height the adjustment
allows if lower than 50 mm;
2) after a 5 s burn when set at maximum flame height.
c) In the case of postmixing burner lighters that have shields, an additional 2 s afterburn (i.e. continuous burning)
is acceptable if the flame, during this additional 2 s period, does not extend above the shield.
d) Non-adjustable premixing burner lighters, at their permanently set flame heights, when tested in accordance
with 5.4, shall have any flame completely extinguished in no more than 5 s.
e) Adjustable premixing burner lighters, when tested in accordance with 5.4, shall have any flame completely
extinguished in no more than 5 s
1) after a 10 s burn when set at a flame height of 50 mm, or the maximum flame height the adjustment allows
if lower than 50 mm;
2) after a 5 s burn when set at maximum flame height.
NOTE In the case of premixing burner gas lighters, the total afterburn time in this International Standard will be
reconsidered periodically with a view to gradual reduction in line with technological progress.
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SIST EN ISO 9994:2004
ISO 9994:2002(E)
3.6 Volumetric displacement
For gas lighters shipped with fuel, the liquid portion of the fuel shall not exceed 85 % of the volumetric capacity of
the fuel reservoir when tested in accordance with 5.7.
4 Structural integrity requirements
4.1 External finish
Lighters shall have no external sharp edges that could cause accidental cuts or abrasions to the user when
handled or used in the intended manner.
4.2 Compatibility with fuel
4.2.1 Components of fluid lighters as defined in 2.2 that come into contact with the fuel recommended by the
manufacturer shall not, after extended contact with that fuel, deteriorate so as to cause the lighter to fail any of the
criteria contained in this specification, when tested in accordance with 5.5.
4.2.2 Components of gas lighters as defined in 2.3 that come into contact with the fuel recommended by the
manufacturer shall not deteriorate after exposure to the fuel, so as to cause the lighter to fail any of the criteria
contained in this specification or allow gas escape exceeding 15 mg/min, when tested in accordance with 5.5.
4.3 Resistance to fuel loss
4.3.1 Refillable fluid lighters having a sealed fuel reservoir shall have a sealing closure which shall prevent loss
or leakage of fuel from both the sealed reservoir and the sealing closure when such sealing closure is installed in
the lighter by the user in the intended manner, when tested in accordance with 5.6.
4.3.2 Refillable gas lighters shall have a pressurized fuel reservoir whose refilling valve shall be secure enough
to prevent an escape of gas exceeding 15 mg/min, when tested in accordance with 5.6.
4.4 Resistance to dropping
4.4.1 Without impairing their subsequent safe operation, lighters shall be capable of withstanding three separate
(1,5 ± 0,1) m drops conducted in accordance with 5.8:
a) without fuel reservoir rupture/fragmentation
and
b) without sustained self-ignition as defined in 2.18.
In addition, for gas lighters, gas escape shall not exceed 15 mg/min.
4.4.2 Lighters that meet these requirements and that are able to be ignited in the intended manner shall
subsequently meet all the requirements of clause 3. Lighters that are not able to be ignited in the intended manner
do not constitute a failure.
In the event of a shield becoming detached during the drop test, it can be re-attached, if this is practicable, and the
test continued.
4.5 Resistance to elevated temperature
4.5.1 Gas lighters, and fluid lighters with a sealed compartment filled with non-absorbed fuel, shall be capable of
withstanding a temperature of 65 °C for 4 h when tested in accordance with 5.9.
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SIST EN ISO 9994:2004
ISO 9994:2002(E)
4.5.2 Lighters that meet this requirement, and that are able to be ignited in the intended manner, shall be
capable after stabilization at a temperature of (23 ± 2) °C of meeting all the applicable requirements of clause 3.
4.6 Resistance to internal pressure
Gas lighters shall be capable of withstanding an internal pressure of twice the vapour pressure at 55 °C of the fuel
recommended by the manufacturer, when tested in accordance with 5.10.
4.7 Burning behaviour
4.7.1 The following types of lighter shall be capable of withstanding a burning time of 5 s in any hand-held
attitude without evidence of any burning or distortion of components so as to cause a hazardous condition:
a) fluid lighters;
b) non-adjustable gas lighters at their permanently set flame heights;
c) adjustable gas lighters, with the flame height set at maximum.
4.7.2 The following types of lighter shall be capable of withstanding a burning time of 10 s when held in a
position such that the top of the wick, or burner valve orifice, is at an angle of 45° below the horizontal (see
Figure 4), without evidence of any burning or distortion of components so as to cause a hazardous condition:
a) fluid lighters;
b) non-adjustable gas lighters at their permanently set flame heights;
c) adjustable gas lighters, with the flame height set at 50 mm, or the maximum flame height the adjustment
allows if lower than 50 mm.
4.8 Resistance to cyclic burning
The following types of lighter shall be capable of withstanding a burning time of 20 s — repeated 10 times — when
tested in accordance with 5.11:
a) fluid lighters;
b) non-adjustable gas lighters at their permanently set flame heights;
c) adjustable gas lighters, with the flame height set at 50 mm, or the maximum flame height the adjustment
allows if lower than 50 mm.
Lighters that meet this requirement, and that are able to be ignited in the intended manner, shall subsequently be
capable of meeting all applicable requirements of clause 3.
4.9 Resistance to continuous burning
The following types of lighter shall be capable of withstanding a continuous burning time of 2 min with the flame in
a vertically upward position without causing a hazardous condition, when tested in accordance with 5.12:
a) fluid lighters;
b) non-adjustable gas lighters at their permanently set flame heights;
c) adjustable gas lighters, with the flame height set at 50 mm, or the maximum flame height the adjustment
allows if lower than 50 mm.
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SIST EN ISO 9994:2004
ISO 9994:2002(E)
Figure 4 — Position of the lighter for the burning test described in 4.7.2
5 Test methods
WARNING — The test methods specified in this International Standard may involve hazardous materials,
operations and equipment. This International Standard does not purport to address all of the safety
problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this International Standard to
establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations
prior to use.
5.1 Test specimens
Unless otherwise noted in the test methods described hereafter, test specimens shall consist of new, complete,
normally fuelled lighters and shall be initially free of mechanical damage.
5.2 Flame height measurement
5.2.1 Apparatus
5.2.1.1 Vertically supported non-flammable board, marked horizontally in 5 mm increments. The board
shall be fitted with a stand-off at the base point, to position the lighter at least 25 mm from the board.
5.2.1.2 Draught-free chamber, constructed from non-flammable materials.
5.2.2 Procedure
5.2.2.1 Tests shall be conducted inside the draught-free chamber. In the case of premixing burner lighters, it is
recommended this test be conducted under subdued lighting conditions.
5.2.2.2 Stabilize all test specimens at (23 ± 2) °C for at least 10 h prior to each flame height measurement.
5.2.2.3 Place a specimen against the stand-off so that the flame will be directed vertically upward.
5.2.2.4 Ignite the specimen lighter and determine the flame height, as defined in 2.13, to the nearest 5 mm by
means of the marks on the board behind the lighter, during a 5 s burn.
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SIST EN ISO 9994:2004
ISO 9994:2002(E)
5.3 Spitting, sputtering and flaring tests
5.3.1 General
Fluid lighters as defined in 2.2 shall be excluded from this test.
5.3.2 Procedure
5.3.2.1 Stabilize all test specimens at (23 ± 2) °C for at least 10 h prior to each spitting, sputtering and flaring
test.
5.3.2.2 If the lighters are adjustable, as defined in 2.8, adjust the flame to its maximum height.
5.3.2.3 Ignite a lighter and observe for spitting or sputtering, as defined in 2.19, during a 5 s burn in any hand-
held attitude.
Failure: Any evidence of spitting or sputtering constitutes a failure.
5.3.2.4 If the lighter does not fail, restabilize for a minimum of 5 min at (23 ± 2) °C before continuing with
procedure 5.3.2.7.
5.3.2.5 If different gas lighters are used to conduct the test described in 5.3.2.7, stabilize each lighter in
accordance with 5.3.2.1.
5.3.2.6 Automatically adjusting pipe lighters as defined in 2.10 shall be excluded fro
...
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