EN 61098:2007
(Main)Radiation protection instrumentation - Installed personnel surface contamination monitoring assemblies
Radiation protection instrumentation - Installed personnel surface contamination monitoring assemblies
Defines mechanical and operational characteristics, minimum performance characteristics and general test procedures for personnel monitoring equipment. Applies to contamination warning assemblies, meters and monitors used for the monitoring of radioactive contamination on the surface of personnel whether they be clothed or not.
Strahlenschutz-Messgeräte - Festinstallierte Personenkontaminationsmonitore
Instrumentation pour la radioprotection - Ensembles fixes pour la surveillance de la contamination de surface du personnel
Définit les caractéristiques mécaniques et d'utilisation, les performances minimales et les procédures générales d'essai pour les équipements de surveillance du personnel. S'applique aux ensembles de prévention, de mesure et de surveillance utilisés pour la surveillance de la contamination radioactive en surface des personnels, que ceux-ci soient habillés ou non.
Oprema za varstvo pred sevanjem - Vgrajeni sestavi za nadzor kontaminacije delovnih površin (IEC 61098:2003)
General Information
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Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-november-2007
Oprema za varstvo pred sevanjem - Vgrajeni sestavi za nadzor kontaminacije
delovnih površin (IEC 61098:2003)
Radiation protection instrumentation - Installed personnel surface contamination
monitoring assemblies
Strahlenschutz-Messgerte - Festinstallierte Personenkontaminationsmonitore
Instrumentation pour la radioprotection - Ensembles fixes pour la surveillance de la
contamination de surface du personnel
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 61098:2007
ICS:
13.280 Varstvo pred sevanjem Radiation protection
17.240 Merjenje sevanja Radiation measurements
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN 61098
NORME EUROPÉENNE
July 2007
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 13.280
English version
Radiation protection instrumentation -
Installed personnel surface contamination monitoring assemblies
(IEC 61098:2003, modified)
Instrumentation pour la radioprotection - Strahlenschutz-Messgeräte -
Ensembles fixes pour la surveillance Festinstallierte
de la contamination de surface Personenkontaminationsmonitore
du personnel (IEC 61098:2003, modifiziert)
(CEI 61098:2003, modifiée)
This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 2007-04-01. CENELEC members are bound to
comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European
Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.
Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on
application to the Central Secretariat or to any CENELEC member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other
language made by translation under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and
notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions.
CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, the
Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy,
Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia,
Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom.
CENELEC
European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization
Comité Européen de Normalisation Electrotechnique
Europäisches Komitee für Elektrotechnische Normung
Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 35, B - 1050 Brussels
© 2007 CENELEC - All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC members.
Ref. No. EN 61098:2007 E
Foreword
The text of the International Standard IEC 61098:2003, prepared by SC 45B, Radiation protection
instrumentation, of IEC TC 45, Nuclear instrumentation, together with the common modifications
prepared by the CENELEC BTTF 111-3, Nuclear instrumentation and radiation protection
instrumentation, was submitted to the formal vote and was approved by CENELEC as EN 61098 on
2007-04-01.
The following dates were fixed:
– latest date by which the EN has to be implemented
at national level by publication of an identical
national standard or by endorsement (dop) 2008-04-01
– latest date by which the national standards conflicting
with the EN have to be withdrawn (dow) 2010-04-01
Clauses, subclauses, notes, tables and figures which are additional to those in IEC 61098:2003 are
prefixed “Z”.
Annexes ZA, ZB and ZC have been added by CENELEC.
__________
– 3 – EN 61098:2007
Endorsement notice
The text of the International Standard IEC 61098:2003 was approved by CENELEC as a European
Standard with agreed common modifications as given below.
COMMON MODIFICATIONS
1 Scope and object
First paragraph, first line: delete “, meters”.
Second paragraph: replace “face” with “head”.
2 Normative references
Replace “IEC 60050(151):2001” with “IEC 60050-151:2001”.
Replace “IEC 60050(393):1996” with “IEC 60050-393:2003, International Electrotechnical
Vocabulary (IEV) – Part 393: Nuclear instrumentation – Physical phenomena and basic
concepts”.
Replace “IEC 60050(394):1995” with “IEC 60050-394:1995 + A1:1996 + A2:2000“.
Replace “IEC 61000-4-2:1995“ with “IEC 61000-4-2:1995 + A1:1998 + A2:2000“.
Replace “IEC 61000-4-3:2002“ with “IEC 61000-4-3:2002 + A1:2002“.
Replace “IEC 61000-4-5:1995“ with “IEC 61000-4-5:1995 + Corr. 1995 + A1:2000“.
Replace “IEC 61000-4-6:2003“ with “IEC 61000-4-6:2003 + A1:2004“.
Replace “IEC 61000-4-8:1993“ with “IEC 61000-4-8:1993 + A1:2000“.
Replace “IEC 61000-4-12:1995” with “IEC 61000-4-12:1995 + A1:2000“.
Add the following references:
IEC 60038:1983 + A1:1994 + A2:1997, IEC standard voltages
IEC 60068 series, Environmental testing
IEC 60359:2001, Electrical and electronic measurement equipment – Expression of
performance
ISO 7503-1:1988, Evaluation of surface contamination – Part 1: Beta-emitters (maximum beta
energy greater than 0,15 MeV) and alpha-emitters
ISO 8769-2:1996, Reference sources for the calibration of surface contamination monitors –
Part 2: Electrons of energy less than 0,15 MeV and photons of energy less than 1,5 MeV
ISO 11929 series, Determination of the detection limit and decision threshold for ionizing
radiation measurements
3 Terms and definitions
3.2
surface emission rate of a source
Add below the definition: “(according to ISO 8769 definition)”.
3.5
high efficiency source
Replace “0,5 keV” with “0,59 keV”.
3.6
small source
Add “surface” between “active” and “dimension”.
3.14
decision threshold
The whole definition to be replaced with a note, reading
NOTE Not used in EN 61098, see 3.Z1.
3.15
decay probability
The whole definition to be replaced with a note, reading
NOTE Not used in this document.
Add the following definitions:
3.Z1
minimum detectable surface emission rate
specific performance criteria taking account both the statistical fluctuation in the background
count rates and nominal factors of the background to take account of short term spatial and
temporal changes in background as well as changes due to the operator mass
NOTE This definition is specific for this standard only.
3.Z2
lowest level of detection
minimum count rate above background that will not trigger a false alarm due to statistical
fluctuations
3.Z3
lowest limit of detection
limit of detection associated to the lowest level of detection
4 Classification of assemblies
4.1 According to type of radiation to be measured
Replace “contamination warning assemblies and monitors” with “contamination monitors and
warning assemblies” all over the clause.
Fourth dash: add at the end: “(where the alpha and beta contaminations are indicated
separately)”.
Fifth dash: replace the text in brackets with “(where the beta and gamma contaminations are
indicated separately)”.
Sixth dash: replace the text in brackets with “(where the alpha, beta and gamma
contaminations are indicated separately)”.
4.2 According to type of surface
First dash: replace “face” with “head”.
Second dash: delete “hand warning”.
Third dash: delete “foot warning”.
Fourth dash: delete “hand and foot warning”.
– 5 – EN 61098:2007
Add the following clause after 4.3:
4.Z1 Compressed overall classification
The equipment may also be supported with a compressed overall classification based on the
intended field of use, as shown in Table Z1 below.
Table Z1 – Classification according to the intended field of use
Common Options
Category Abbreviation Energy range Energy Ambient background compensation Control
extension type
Alpha A 3 MeV to 6 MeV – O: Without any compensation Hands,
CP: Post compensation Feet,
CPA: Alpha natural compensation Whole body
CPB: Beta high energy compensation
CS: Simultaneous compensation
CSA: Alpha natural dynamic
compensation
CSB: Beta high energy dynamic
compensation
Beta B E of – O: Without any compensation Hands,
max
150 keV to 3 MeV
CP: Post compensation Feet,
CPA: Alpha natural compensation Whole body
CPB: Beta ambient compensation
CPGX: Gamma and X-ray ambient
compensation
CS: Simultaneous compensation
CSA: Alpha natural dynamic
compensation
CSB: Beta ambient dynamic
compensation
CSGX: Gamma and X-ray ambient
dynamic compensation
Gamma G 500 keV to 1,5 MeV L1: Low limit 1 O: Without any compensation Hands,
at 50 keV
CP: Post compensation Feet,
L2: Low limit 2
CPB: Beta ambient compensation Whole body
at 150 keV
CPGX: Gamma and X-ray ambient
compensation
CS: Simultaneous compensation
CSB: Beta ambient dynamic
compensation
CSGX: Gamma and X-ray ambient
dynamic compensation
X-rays X 5 keV to 20 keV H: High limit O: Without any compensation Hands,
at 50 keV
CP: Post compensation Feet,
CPB: Beta ambient compensation Whole body
CPGX: Gamma and X-ray ambient
compensation
CS: Simultaneous compensation
CSB: Beta ambient dynamic
compensation
CSGX: Gamma and X-ray ambient
dynamic compensation
5 Design characteristics
5.3 Hand monitoring facilities
Add at the end of the third paragraph: “if not otherwise agreed between manufacturer and user
for existing equipment.”
5.4 Foot monitoring facilities
In the second paragraph, replace “30 cm” with “35 cm”.
6 Performance requirements and test procedures
6.1 General test procedure
6.1.1 Nature of tests
Add a note below the first paragraph, reading:
NOTE Other test methods may be agreed between manufacturer and purchaser to be regarded as additional
acceptance tests. Examples may be published as informative annexes to this standard in future.
6.3 Reference sources
Start the second and third paragraphs as follows: “For assemblies for the monitoring of …”
7 Radiation characteristics
7.1 Variation of response with source position
7.1.1 For clothing or the body
7.1.1.1 Requirement
Add an additional paragraph below the current text, reading:
In order to improve the performance and meet the requirements of this standard, the
manufacturer may in the case of beta and/or gamma monitoring additionally sum the response
of any number of adjacent detectors.
7.1.1.2 Method of test
7.1.1.2.1 Alpha monitoring systems
Add a note below the current text, reading:
NOTE For a possible further test (for further characterization of the sensitive volume) see ZA.2.
7.1.1.2.2 Beta monitoring systems
Change the existing note to become NOTE 1.
Add a second note reading:
NOTE 2 For a possible further test (for further characterization of the sensitive volume) see ZA.2.
7.1.1.2.3 Gamma monitoring systems
Add a note below the current text, reading:
NOTE For a possible further test (for further characterization of the sensitive volume) see ZA.1.
– 7 – EN 61098:2007
7.3 Minimum detectable surface emission rate
Delete “Decision threshold” in the headline.
Replace “decision threshold” with “minimum detectable surface emission rate” wherever it
appears (also in any subclause).
Add new paragraph between the first and the second paragraphs, reading:
Since the minimum detectable surface emission rate depends on the response of the equipment
and this is going to depend on where on the body the activity is to be measured, the minimum
detectable surface emission rate is dependent on where the activity is. In order to provide some
indication of performance an average minimum detectable activity shall be determined from the
average efficiency. Since also the signal from the background can be large by comparison to
the signal from the activity being measured, and this background will be far from constant both
in terms of time and position, allowance in determining the minimum detectable surface
emission rate shall take account of this. The user also has a significant effect on the
background. In this document the minimum detectable surface emission rate has a special
meaning and includes arbitrary factors not used in the more precise decision threshold defined
in ISO 11929.
7.3.1 For clothing or body
Replace the first paragraph with:
For the purposes of this document, the minimum detectable surface emission rate shall relate to
the 4 π body average efficiency to clothing (body). This shall be determined as below, or the
manufacturer shall undertake similar methods of determining an average efficiency. In the latter
case the manufacturer shall provide the purchaser with a full description of the phantom used,
all measurements taken, the assumptions made in calculating the average efficiency and the
calculations made to determine this “average”. The 4 π efficiency shall be determined from both
the vertical response characteristic shown in Figure 1 and the polar response given in Figure 2.
Delete the third sentence of the third paragraph.
In the last paragraph, replace the second sentence with “Where monitoring is undertaken by
two or more steps, the sum of the times taken for each monitoring step shall not exceed the
time specified above or a time agreed between the manufacturer and purchaser.”
7.4 Variation of response with energy
7.4.1 Beta
7.4.1.1 Requirements
90 90 90
Replace “ Sr” with “ Sr/ Y”.
7.4.1.2 Method of test
Add in the second line of item b) “or by default 10 cm x 10 cm (performing two measurements
without overlap in order to cover the whole detector area and using the mean response for
further reference)” behind “15 cm x 10 cm”.
Add in the second line of item c) “or by default 10 cm x 10 cm (performing three measurements
without overlap in order to cover the whole detector area and using the mean response for
further reference)” behind “30 cm x 10 cm”.
7.4.3 Gamma
7.4.3.3 Method of test
Item a), first paragraph, second sentence: add “of the nuclide” between “A small source” and “of
interest”.
Item b), first paragraph, last word: replace “counter” with “detector”.
Add in the second line of item b) “or by default 10 cm x 10 cm (performing two measurements
without overlap in order to cover the whole detector area and using the mean response for
further reference)” behind “15 cm x 10 cm”.
Add in the second line of item c) “or by default 10 cm x 10 cm (performing three measurements
without overlap in order to cover the whole detector area and using the mean response for
further reference)” behind “30 cm x 10 cm”.
7.5 Response to other ionizing radiations
7.5.1 Gamma radiation
7.5.1.1 Requirements for alpha contamination monitors or warning assemblies
Add “from a Caesium-137 source” behind “10 µGy/h”.
7.5.3 Beta or gamma radiation (for alpha contamination monitoring assemblies)
7.5.3.2 Method of test
Replace the text of 7.5.3.2 with:
Add the foot or hand beta radiation reference source in the assembly and using a scaler or
similar equipment determine the ratio of the response in terms of count rate per unit surface
emission rate of the beta source to the similar response to the alpha reference source.
10 Environmental conditions
10.1 Temperature
10.1.1 Requirements
At the end of the second paragraph, add “(see also IEC 60068 series)”.
11 Power supply
11.1 Voltage and frequency
In the first paragraph, add “(in accordance with IEC 60038)” behind “categories”.
13 Documentation
13.1 Certificate
Replace the last entry with “declaration whether the EN 61098:2007 standard test and, if
necessary, the tests of Annex ZA are met”.
Figure 1 – Vertical position of the source of radiation
Replace the title of the figure with “Response to the reference point source depending on its
vertical position”.
Figure 2 – Position of the source of radiation around the body
Replace the title of the figure with “Example of the polar response to the reference point
source”.
Figure 3 – Detector for hand monitoring
Add “Dimensions in cm”.
Figure 4 – Foot monitor
Add “Dimensions in cm”.
– 9 – EN 61098:2007
Replace the title of the figure with “Detector for foot monitoring”.
Annex A Explanation of the derivation of minimum detectable surface emission rate
formula
A.1 Assemblies with no automatic compensation of background radiation
First paragraph: replace the whole text following the first sentence with:
The manufacturer shall state the maximum operational background, which can also be related
to a count rate. The count rate from the activity must therefore be greater than the difference
between the real operational background and this maximum background to be significant. It
should be noted that the background signal will be reduced by the presence of the user. This
reduction will depend on the size and the shape of the user. The manufacturer shall use a
background count rate less than the reduced background due to the largest user specified by
the manufacturer as the minimum background, and a background count rate greater than the
reduced background due to the smallest user specified by the manufacturer as the maximum
background. The manufacturer shall specify the height and mass of the smallest and largest
user specified above.
Add a new paragraph between the first and the second paragraph, reading
There however will also be a random deviation on the count, which, when no contamination is
present will be the square root of the count in the measurement time for a one standard
deviation.
Replace the sentence in front of equation (A.1) with “So the minimum count to be sure that
there is activity measured is given by”.
In the explanation of P, replace “of each channel” with “(at the maximum background; 3,1 for
one in a thousand for each detector)”
In the explanation of B , add at the end “(Zero if not specified)”
Delete the two paragraphs before the paragraph starting “The count rate from the detector will
be …”
There, replace “The count rate from the detector will be the minimum” with “This count rate
from the detector will determine the minimum” and delete “(Chlorine 36)” at the end of the
paragraph.
Add a note at the end of the clause, reading
NOTE The sizes of the users used for the above should not be taken as a physical limit on the size of users of the
assemblies. The background count rate shall be determined from the count rates taken in naturally occurring omni-
directional background conditions.
A.2 Assemblies with simultaneous subtraction of background radiation
Add a new paragraph between the first and the second paragraphs, reading
In determining this, the manufacturer shall take into account that both background count rates
will be effected by the presence of the user. The manufacturer shall specify the mass and height
of the largest and smallest users for which the minimum detectable surface emission rate is
specified.
Add a note at the end of the clause, reading
NOTE The sizes of the users used for the above should not be taken as a physical limit on the size of users of the
assemblies. The background count rate shall be determined from the count rates taken in naturally occurring omni-
directional background conditions.
A.3 Assemblies with sequential background subtraction
0,5
()Bt
uB()t =
t
Replace equation (A.11) with
0,5
()B
uB()T =T
t
Replace equation (A.12) with
Add a new paragraph and note a the end of the clause, reading
The major variation between background count rate during the monitoring cycle and
background cycle is due to the absorption of the radiation by the user. The manufacturer shall
determine the reduction in background due to the largest user as specified by the manufacturer.
If the change is greater than 5 %, this percentage change shall be used in place of 5 % unless
compensation is included for the presence of the user. Half the difference between this value
and that due to the largest person may be used in place of 5 % unless this value is less than
5 %.
NOTE The sizes of the users used for the above should not be taken as a physical limit on the size of users of the
assemblies. The background count rate shall be determined from the count rates taken in naturally occurring omni-
directional background conditions.
Add the following annexes:
– 11 – EN 61098:2007
Annex ZA
(informative)
Examples of possible additional tests for further characterization
of the sensitive volume
To take account of different interaction distances for gamma rays and alpha or beta particles,
two possible additional test procedures with specific source locations are described below. The
examples are given for an assembly of x = 60 cm wide, z = 200 cm high and y = 60 cm depth.
ZA.1 Complete window pattern (CWP) method for gamma rays
A set of vertical (x,z) planes grid, with a pitch of 30 cm x 50 cm is located inside the assembly,
distance of each other of 30 cm in the y direction, starting from the inlet gate up to the outlet
gate.
In these conditions, for x = 60 cm, z = 200 cm, y = 60 cm, we obtain a 3 x 5 x 3 = 45 points
location matrix.
The CWP method consists in testing the response of the whole assembly with respect of each
45 small gamma source locations.
To take account of different shape of assembly, it is allowed to replace the orthogonal pattern
by a cylindrical coordinate one composed of two vertical planes shifted from a π/2 angle.
This disposition allows five test source locations, including the center point, for each of the nine
horizontal levels spaced by 25 cm from bottom to top. This provides 45 measurement test
locations.
For gamma radiation the assembly meets the requirements for this test if, for a 4,5 (± 5 %) kBq
of Co gamma equivalent source, and an alarm threshold set at 3 kBq:
The test is performed three times. The acceptance criteria are that the following requirements
are both met:
– in one of the three tests at least 44 of the test source points trigger an alarm in less than
5 seconds and
– none of the source locations which don’t trigger alarm in the three tests appears twice.
ZA.2 Thin Frame Window pattern (TFW) method for alpha and beta particles
Use the location matrix as in ZA.1 but replace the internal parallelepipedic volume by one
delimited by a 10 cm band thickness starting from the vertical active walls of the assembly, and
move the source in the middle vertical plane at 1 cm for alpha, 2,5 cm for beta particles, starting
from the vertical active walls.
In these conditions, for x = 60 cm, z = 200 cm, y = 60 cm, we obtain a 2 x 5 x 2 = 20 points
location matrix for two active walls.
The TFW method consists in testing the response of the whole assembly with respect of each
20 small alpha or beta source locations.
It may be completed by a test of the top and a test of the bottom central locations.
For alpha and beta radiation the information received from this test is of an informative
character only.
Annex ZB
(informative)
Summation of information from adjacent detectors
The body is such a large area that to reduce the effect of background it is necessary to have a
number of individual detector channels. It is inevitable that there will be gaps between these
detectors and the detection capability of the contamination on the body adjacent to these gaps
will be much lower than for activity adjacent to the centre of the detectors.
The effects of these gaps on performance can be reduced by summing the signals from
adjacent detectors. However under these circumstances there is an increased background
signal and this must be taken into account when determining any improvement in the minimum
detectable activity. In the simplest case where the detectors are identical the effective limit of
detection is increased by approximately . In the case where the detectors are not identical
the resulting limit will be approximately the root of the sum of the squares of the effective limit of
detection of each of the two detectors involved.
Figure ZB.1 illustrates the effect of summation on the response in the case of six vertical
detectors. The response values which should be taken in determining the body average
efficiency have been shown very slightly greater than the true value to clearly show how they
have been determined.
Figure ZB.2 similarly illustrates the effect on the polar response where effectively four detector
arrays forming a square (two actual detectors with the user making a second monitoring
°
procedure having turned through 180 ) are used.
The detector configurations used in these illustrations are not to taken as the best
configurations to be used but provide one of the better configurations to illustrate the principle.
The line of effective response in shown in these figures can be used in place of responses
illustrated in Figures 1 and 2 of the main text and used in the determination of the 4π average
overall efficiency as used in 7.3.1.
In the diagrams the line is the efficiency of a single detector to a point source.
is the sum of the efficiencies of two adjacent detectors to a point source:
E + E
m n
is the weighted efficiency of two adjacent detectors, for the purpose of this standard:
220,5
()EE+⋅(B+B)
mn m n
BB+
mn
B and B the background count in the monitoring period from detectors m and n respectively.
m n
Where detectors are the same (B = B ) and the weighted efficiency is:
m n
EE+
mn
is the efficiency from a single detector or the weighted efficiency from two adjacent
detectors from a point source, whichever is the greater and is the efficiency to be taken in
determining the 4π average efficiency and hence the minimum detection surface emission rates
(in the illustrations the values are shown very slightly greater than actual value for clarity of
interpretation).
– 13 – EN 61098:2007
Key
Single detector
Summation of adjacent detectors
Weighted summation
Efficiency for MDA
Figure ZB.1 – Example of effect of summation on efficiencies in vertical plane
Key
Single detector
Summation of adjacent detectors
Weighted summation
Efficiency for MDA
Figure ZB.2 – Example of effect of summation on efficiencies in horizontal plane
(polar response)
– 15 – EN 61098:2007
Annex ZC
(normative)
Normative references to international publications
with their corresponding European publications
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
NOTE Where an International Publication has been modified by common modifications, indicated by (mod), the relevant
EN/HD applies.
Publication Year Title EN/HD Year
1)
IEC 60038 (mod) 1983 IEC standard voltages HD 472 S1 1989
- - + corr. February 2002
- - A1 1995
A1 1994
A2 1997
IEC 60050-151 2001 International Electrotechnical - -
Vocabulary (IEV) -
Part 151: Electrical and magnetic
devices
IEC 60050-393 2003 International Electrotechnology - -
Vocabulary (IEV) -
Part 393: Nuclear instrumentation -
Physical phenomena and basic concepts
IEC 60050-394 1995 International Electrotechnical - -
A1 1996 Vocabulary (IEV) - - -
A2 2000 Chapter 394: Nuclear instrumentation: - -
Instruments
IEC 60068 Series Environmental testing EN 60068 Series
IEC 60359 2001 Electrical and electronic measurement EN 60359 2002
equipment - Expression of performance
IEC 60777 1983 Terminology, quantities and units - -
concerning radiation protection
IEC 61000-4-2 1995 Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) - EN 61000-4-2 1995
A1 1998 Part 4-2: Testing and measurement A1 1998
A2 2000 techniques - Electrostatic discharge A2 2001
immunity test
2)
IEC 61000-4-3 2002 Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) - EN 61000-4-3 2002
A1 2002 Part 4-3: Testing and measurement A1 2002
techniques - Radiated, radio-frequency,
electromagnetic field immunity test
3)
IEC 61000-4-5 1995 Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) - EN 61000-4-5 1995
+ corr. October 1995 Part 4-5: Testing and measurement
A1 2000 techniques - Surge immunity test A1 2001
———————
1)
The title of HD 472 S1 is: Nominal voltages for low voltage public electricity supply systems.
2)
EN 61000-4-3 is superseded by EN 61000-4-3:2006, which is based on IEC 61000-4-3:2006.
3)
EN 61000-4-5 is superseded by EN 61000-4-5:2006, which is based on IEC 61000-4-5:2005.
Publication Year Title EN/HD Year
IEC 61000-4-6 2003 Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) - - -
A1 2004 Part 4-6: Testing and measurement
techniques - Immunity to conducted
disturbances, induced by radio-
frequency fields
IEC 61000-4-8 1993 Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) - EN 61000-4-8 1993
A1 2000 Part 4-8: Testing and measurement A1 2001
techniques - Power frequency magnetic
field immunity test
4)
IEC 61000-4-12 1995 Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) - EN 61000-4-12 1995
A1 2000 Part 4-12: Testing and measurement A1 2001
techniques - Oscillatory waves immunity
test
IEC 61187 (mod) 1993 Electrical and electronic measuring EN 61187 1994
equipment - Documentation + corr. March 1995
ISO 7503-1 1988 Evaluation of surface contamination - - -
Part 1: Beta-emitters (maximum beta
energy greater than 0,15 MeV) and
alpha-emitters
ISO 8769 1988 Reference sources for the calibration of - -
surface contamination monitors -
Beta-emitters (maximum beta energy
greater than 0,15 MeV) and alpha-
emitters
ISO 8769-2 1996 Reference sources for the calibration of - -
surface contamination monitors -
Part 2: Electrons of energy less than
0,15 MeV and photons of energy less
than 1,5 MeV
ISO 11929 Series Determination of the detection limit and - -
decision threshold for ionizing radiation
measurements
———————
4)
EN 61000-4-12 is superseded by EN 61000-4-12:2006, which is based on IEC 61000-4-12:2006.
NORME CEI
INTERNATIONALE
IEC
INTERNATIONAL
Deuxième édition
STANDARD
Second edition
2003-11
Instrumentation pour la radioprotection –
Ensembles fixes pour la surveillance de la
contamination de surface du personnel
Radiation protection instrumentation –
Installed personnel surface contamination
monitoring assemblies
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61098 IEC:2003 – 3 –
CONTENTS
FOREWORD.7
1 Scope and object.11
2 Normative references.11
3 Terms and definitions .13
4 Classification of assemblies.21
4.1 According to type of radiation to be measured.21
4.2 According to type of surface .21
4.3 According to type.21
5 Design characteristics.21
5.1 Positioning of user.21
5.2 Size of user.23
5.3 Hand monitoring facilities .23
5.4 Foot monitoring facilities .23
5.5 Body monitoring facilities.23
5.6 Visual display.25
5.7 Audible indicators.25
5.8 Monitoring period.25
5.9 Ease of decontamination.25
5.10 Detectors used.27
6 Performance requirements and test procedures.27
6.1 General test procedure.27
6.2 Statistical fluctuations.29
6.3 Reference sources.29
6.4 Nature of tests.29
6.5 Use of gas flow detectors .29
7 Radiation characteristics.31
7.1 Variation of response with source position.31
7.2 Background.35
7.3 Decision threshold (minimum detectable surface emission rate) .37
7.4 Variation of response with energy.41
7.5 Response to other ionising radiations.45
7.6 Type and routine tests of performance .47
7.7 Linearity of indication .49
8 Overload protection.49
8.1 Requirements.49
8.2 Method of test .49
9 Availability.49
9.1 Warm-up time.49
9.2 Power failure.51
10 Environmental conditions.51
10.1 Temperature.51
10.2 Relative humidity.51
10.3 Atmospheric pressure.53
61098 IEC:2003 – 5 –
11 Power supply.53
11.1 Voltage and frequency.53
11.2 Electromagnetic compatibility.53
12 Storage.57
13 Documentation.57
13.1 Certificate.57
13.2 Operation and maintenance manual .59
13.3 Operational instructions.59
13.4 Type test report.59
Annex A (informative) Explanation of the derivation of minimum detectable surface
emission rate formula .73
Figure 1 – Vertical position of the source of radiation.65
Figure 2 – Position of the source of the radiation around the body .67
Figure 3 – Detector for hand monitoring.69
Figure 4 – Foot monitor.71
Table 1 – Reference and standard test conditions.59
Table 2 – Tests performed under standard test conditions .61
Table 3 – Tests performed with variation of influence quantities.63
61098 IEC:2003 – 7 –
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
RADIATION PROTECTION INSTRUMENTATION –
Installed personnel surface contamination monitoring assemblies
FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote
international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To
this end and in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications,
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agreement between the two organizations.
2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international
consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all
interested IEC National Committees.
3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National
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4) In order to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications
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between any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional publication shall be clearly indicated in
the latter.
5) IEC provides no marking procedure to indicate its approval and cannot be rendered responsible for any
equipment declared to be in conformity with an IEC Publication.
6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication.
7) No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employees, servants or agents including individual experts and
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8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of
patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
International Standard IEC 61098 has been prepared by subcommittee 45B, Radiation
protection instrumentation, of IEC technical committee 45: Nuclear instrumentation.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 1992, as well as IEC
61137 (1992). This edition constitutes a technical revision.
The following changes have been made in this edition of IEC 61098:
a) The incorporation of the requirements of IEC 61137.
This was necessary as newer equipments are designed to detect alpha, beta and gamma
contamination. IEC 61098 (1992) was applicable to alpha and beta and IEC 61137 (1992)
to gamma and were not necessarily applicable together to equipment to detect all three.
61098 IEC:2003 – 9 –
b) The requirements of electromagnetic interference immunity given in the IEC 61000 series
have also been included.
c) Improvements in fault diagnosis requirements and radiation testing have also been looked
at.
The text of this standard is based on the following documents:
FDIS Report on voting
45B/422/FDIS 45B/432/RVD
Full information on the voting for the approval of this standard can be found in the report on
voting indicated in the above table.
This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The committee has decided that the
...
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