ISO 4382-1:2021

Plain bearings - Copper alloys - Part 1: Cast copper alloys for solid and multilayer thick-walled plain bearings

This document specifies requirements for cast copper alloys for use in solid and multilayer thick-walled plain bearings. It gives a limited selection of alloys currently available for general purposes.

Paliers lisses — Alliages de cuivre — Partie 1: Alliages de cuivre moulés pour paliers lisses à paroi épaisse, massifs et multicouches

Drsni ležaji - Bakrove zlitine - 1. del: Bakrove zlitine za masivne in večslojne debelostene drsne ležaje

Ta dokument določa zahteve za bakrove zlitine, ki se uporabljajo v masivnih in večslojnih debelostenih drsnih ležajih. Podaja omejen izbor zlitin, ki so trenutno na voljo za splošno uporabo.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 29-Nov-2021
• ICS: 21.100.10 - Plain bearings
• ICS: 77.120.30 - Copper and copper alloys
• Technical Committee: ISO/TC 123/SC 2 - Materials and lubricants, their properties, characteristics, test methods and testing conditions
• Drafting Committee: ISO/TC 123/SC 2 - Materials and lubricants, their properties, characteristics, test methods and testing conditions
• Current Stage: 6060 - International Standard published
• Start Date: 30-Nov-2021
• Due Date: 24-Nov-2022
• Completion Date: 30-Nov-2021
• Ref Project: SIST ISO 4382-1:2022 - Plain bearings - Copper alloys - Part 1: Cast copper alloys for solid and multilayer thick-walled plain bearings

Relations

• Consolidated By: ISO/IEC 15408-5 - Information security, cybersecurity and privacy protection - Evaluation criteria for IT security - Part 5: Pre-defined packages of security requirements
• Effective Date: 08-Jun-2024
• Revises: ISO 4382-1:1991 - Plain bearings - Copper alloys - Part 1: Cast copper alloys for solid and multilayer thick-walled plain bearings
• Effective Date: 23-Apr-2020

Overview

ISO 4382-1:2021 - "Plain bearings - Copper alloys - Part 1: Cast copper alloys for solid and multilayer thick-walled plain bearings" specifies requirements for a limited selection of cast copper alloys used in thick-walled solid and multilayer plain bearings. The standard covers chemical composition limits, mandatory and optional material tests, physical properties (hardness, tensile strength, thermal and mechanical data) and designation/ordering conventions for different casting methods.

Key topics and technical requirements

• Alloy selection: Lists commonly used bearing alloys such as CuPb9Sn5, CuPb10Sn10, CuPb15Sn8, CuPb20Sn5, CuAl10Fe5Ni5 and several Cu–Sn–Pb–Zn variants. Chemical composition limits are given in Tables 1 and 2.
• Casting types and designation: Defines casting types - GS (sand), GM (permanent mould), GZ (centrifugal), GC (continuous) - and shows how to designate materials (example: Bearing metal ISO 4382 – GC – CuPb10Sn10 – RA).
• Mandatory hardness testing: Brinell hardness (HBW) is the primary mandatory quality control check (see ISO 4384‑1 and ISO 4384‑2 for test methods). Hardness values for test bars are tabulated by alloy and casting method.
• Mechanical properties: Minimum tensile strength, elongation and 0.2% proof stress values are provided to assist designers; tensile testing follows ISO 6892‑1 when requested.
• Test specimens and methods: Specifies test bar preparation (diameter ranges for cast and machined bars) and allows supplier/purchaser agreement when standard specimen sizes are impractical.
• Health and regulatory note: Warns about lead (Pb) toxicity and indicates purchasers/suppliers should agree on any additional element limits or exclusions.

Practical applications

• Designed for manufacturers, specifiers and designers of heavy-duty plain bearings used in engines, gearboxes, industrial machinery, marine equipment and other applications where thick-walled solid or multilayer plain bearings are required.
• Guidance in Annex A helps match bearing alloy to shaft hardness and operating conditions (load, sliding velocity, lubrication). Typical shaft hardness recommendations are included (for example, 250–300 HBW or ~55 HRC for some high-load alloys).
• Useful for quality engineers and procurement specifying acceptance tests (H = hardness, R = tensile strength, RA = tensile + elongation) and confirming material conformity.

Who should use this standard

• Bearing designers and mechanical engineers
• Bearing manufacturers and foundries (sand, permanent mould, centrifugal, continuous casting)
• Procurement and QA professionals specifying material acceptance criteria
• Tribology specialists selecting bearing material for specific operating and lubrication conditions

Related standards

• ISO 4384-1 / ISO 4384-2 - Hardness testing of bearing metals
• ISO 6892-1 - Tensile testing of metallic materials
• ISO 4383 - Multilayer materials for thin-walled plain bearings
• ISO 4379 - Plain bearings - Copper alloy bushes

Keywords: ISO 4382-1:2021, plain bearings, cast copper alloys, thick-walled plain bearings, Brinell hardness, tensile strength, bearing alloys, casting types.

Standards Content (Sample)

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-marec-2022
Drsni ležaji - Bakrove zlitine - 1. del: Bakrove zlitine za masivne in večslojne
debelostene drsne ležaje
Plain bearings - Copper alloys - Part 1: Cast copper alloys for solid and multilayer thick-
walled plain bearings
Paliers lisses - Alliages de cuivre
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: ISO 4382-1:2021
ICS:
21.100.10 Drsni ležaji Plain bearings
77.150.30 Bakreni izdelki Copper products
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 4382-1
Third edition
2021-11
Plain bearings — Copper alloys —
Part 1:
Cast copper alloys for solid and
multilayer thick-walled plain bearings
Paliers lisses — Alliages de cuivre —
Partie 1: Alliages de cuivre moulés pour paliers lisses à paroi épaisse,
massifs et multicouches
Reference number
© ISO 2021
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on
the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below
or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: [phone]
Email: [e-mail]
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Requirements . 1
4.1 General . 1
4.2 Chemical composition . 2
4.3 Analysis . 2
5 Material properties .2
5.1 General . 2
5.2 Test methods . 5
5.2.1 Hardness test . 5
5.2.2 Tensile test . 5
6 Designation and ordering information . 5
Annex A (informative) Guidance for uses of bearing metals and for the hardness of the
mating bearing part (shaft) . .7
Bibliography . 8
iii
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to
the World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see
www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 123, Plain bearings, Subcommittee SC 2,
Materials and lubricants, their properties, characteristics, test methods and testing conditions.
This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition (ISO 4382-1:1991), which has been technically
revised.
The main changes compared to the previous edition are as follows:
— Clause 2 "Normative references" has been updated;
— Clause 3 "Terms and definitions" has been implemented;
— Table 1 and Table 2 have been updated.
A list of all parts in the ISO 4382 series can be found on the ISO website.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.
iv
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 4382-1:2021(E)
Plain bearings — Copper alloys —
Part 1:
Cast copper alloys for solid and multilayer thick-walled
plain bearings
1 Scope
This document specifies requirements for cast copper alloys for use in solid and multilayer thick-walled
plain bearings. It gives a limited selection of alloys currently available for general purposes.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 4384-1, Plain bearings — Hardness testing of bearing metals — Part 1: Multilayer bearings materials
ISO 4384-2, Plain bearings — Hardness testing of bearing metals — Part 2: Solid materials
ISO 6892-1, Metallic materials — Tensile testing — Part 1: Method of test at room temperature
3 Terms and definitions
No terms and definitions are listed in this document.
ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at https:// www .electropedia .org/
4 Requirements
4.1 General
If the purchaser's requirements necessitate limits for any element not specified, or limits different from
those already specified, these should be agreed upon between supplier and purchaser.
WARNING — Lead's (Pb) toxicity has been recognized, and its use has since been phased out of
many applications. However, many countries still allow the sale of products that expose hum
...

INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 4382-1
Third edition
2021-11
Plain bearings — Copper alloys —
Part 1:
Cast copper alloys for solid and
multilayer thick-walled plain bearings
Paliers lisses — Alliages de cuivre —
Partie 1: Alliages de cuivre moulés pour paliers lisses à paroi épaisse,
massifs et multicouches
Reference number
© ISO 2021
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on
the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below
or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: [phone]
Email: [e-mail]
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Requirements . 1
4.1 General . 1
4.2 Chemical composition . 2
4.3 Analysis . 2
5 Material properties .2
5.1 General . 2
5.2 Test methods . 5
5.2.1 Hardness test . 5
5.2.2 Tensile test . 5
6 Designation and ordering information . 5
Annex A (informative) Guidance for uses of bearing metals and for the hardness of the
mating bearing part (shaft) . .7
Bibliography . 8
iii
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to
the World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see
www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 123, Plain bearings, Subcommittee SC 2,
Materials and lubricants, their properties, characteristics, test methods and testing conditions.
This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition (ISO 4382-1:1991), which has been technically
revised.
The main changes compared to the previous edition are as follows:
— Clause 2 "Normative references" has been updated;
— Clause 3 "Terms and definitions" has been implemented;
— Table 1 and Table 2 have been updated.
A list of all parts in the ISO 4382 series can be found on the ISO website.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.
iv
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 4382-1:2021(E)
Plain bearings — Copper alloys —
Part 1:
Cast copper alloys for solid and multilayer thick-walled
plain bearings
1 Scope
This document specifies requirements for cast copper alloys for use in solid and multilayer thick-walled
plain bearings. It gives a limited selection of alloys currently available for general purposes.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 4384-1, Plain bearings — Hardness testing of bearing metals — Part 1: Multilayer bearings materials
ISO 4384-2, Plain bearings — Hardness testing of bearing metals — Part 2: Solid materials
ISO 6892-1, Metallic materials — Tensile testing — Part 1: Method of test at room temperature
3 Terms and definitions
No terms and definitions are listed in this document.
ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at https:// www .electropedia .org/
4 Requirements
4.1 General
If the purchaser's requirements necessitate limits for any element not specified, or limits different from
those already specified, these should be agreed upon between supplier and purchaser.
WARNING — Lead's (Pb) toxicity has been recognized, and its use has since been phased out of
many applications. However, many countries still allow the sale of products that expose humans
to lead. Lead is a neurotoxin (see Figure 1).
GHS 07 GHS 08 GHS 09
Figure 1 — Reach compliance symbols
4.2 Chemical composition
The chemical composition shall be within the limits specified in Table 1 and Table 2, where single
figures denote maximum values.
4.3 Analysis
Methods of analysis for alloyin
...