SIST EN ISO 14001:2015
(Main)Environmental management systems - Requirements with guidance for use (ISO 14001:2015)
Environmental management systems - Requirements with guidance for use (ISO 14001:2015)
This International Standard specifies the requirements for an environmental management system
that an organization can use to enhance its environmental performance. This International Standard
is intended for use by an organization seeking to manage its environmental responsibilities in a
systematic manner that contributes to the environmental pillar of sustainability.
This International Standard helps an organization achieve the intended outcomes of its environmental
management system, which provide value for the environment, the organization itself and interested
parties. Consistent with the organization’s environmental policy, the intended outcomes of an
environmental management system include:
— enhancement of environmental performance;
— fulfilment of compliance obligations;
— achievement of environmental objectives.
This International Standard is applicable to any organization, regardless of size, type and nature,
and applies to the environmental aspects of its activities, products and services that the organization
determines it can either control or influence considering a life cycle perspective. This International
Standard does not state specific environmental performance criteria.
This International Standard can be used in whole or in part to systematically improve environmental
management. Claims of conformity to this International Standard, however, are not acceptable unless
all its requirements are incorporated into an organization’s environmental management system and
fulfilled without exclusion.
Umweltmanagementsysteme - Anforderungen mit Anleitung zur Anwendung (ISO 14001.2015)
Diese Internationale Norm legt Anforderungen an ein Umweltmanagementsystem für Organisationen fest, die danach streben, einen Rahmen einzuführen, zu verwirklichen, aufrechtzuerhalten und fortlaufend zu verbessern, mit dem Ziel, ihre umweltbezogene Verantwortlichkeit in einer Weise zu führen und zu steuern, dass sie zur "ökologischen Säule" der Nachhaltigkeit beiträgt.
Die beabsichtigten Ergebnisse eines Umweltmanagementsystems bieten einen Mehrwert für die Umwelt, die Organisation und ihre interessierten Parteien. In Übereinstimmung mit der Umweltpolitik der Organisation, schließen die beabsichtigten Ergebnisse eines Umweltmanagementsystems Folgendes ein:
Verbesserung der Umweltleistung;
Einhaltung der bindenden Verpflichtungen;
Erfüllung der Umweltziele.
Diese Internationale Norm ist auf jede Organisation anwendbar, unabhängig ihrer Größe, Art und Beschaffenheit, und gilt, für jene Umweltaspekte, die von der Organisation bestimmt und entweder gesteuert oder beeinflusst werden können, unter Betrachtung des Lebenswegs N1). Sie legt keine spezifischen Umweltleistungs¬kriterien fest, noch erhöht oder verändert sie die gesetzlichen Verpflichtungen einer Organisation.
Diese Internationale Norm kann vollständig oder teilweise zur Verbesserung des Umweltmanagements genutzt werden. Doch bei allen Anforderungen ist es beabsichtigt, dass sie ausnahmslos in ein Umweltmanagementsystem eingeführt und umgesetzt werden, wenn die Organisation beansprucht, dass sie im Einklang mit dieser Internationalen Norm ist.
Systèmes de management environnemental - Exigences et lignes directrices pour son utilisation (ISO 14001:2015)
ISO 14001:2015 spécifie les exigences relatives à un système de management environnemental pouvant être utilisé par un organisme pour améliorer sa performance environnementale. La présente Norme internationale est destinée à être utilisée par les organismes souhaitant gérer leurs responsabilités environnementales d'une manière systématique qui contribue au pilier environnemental du développement durable.
ISO 14001:2015 permet d'aider un organisme à obtenir les résultats escomptés de son système de management environnemental, lesquels constituent une valeur ajoutée pour l'environnement, pour l'organisme lui-même et pour les parties intéressées. En cohérence avec la politique environnementale de l'organisme, les résultats escomptés d'un système de management environnemental incluent:
- l'amélioration de la performance environnementale;
- le respect des obligations de conformité;
- la réalisation des objectifs environnementaux.
ISO 14001:2015 est applicable aux organismes de toutes tailles, de tous types et de toutes natures, et s'applique aux aspects environnementaux de ses activités, produits et services que l'organisme détermine et qu'il a les moyens soit de maîtriser, soit d'influencer en prenant en considération une perspective de cycle de vie. La présente Norme internationale n'établit pas de critères spécifiques de performance environnementale.
ISO 14001:2015 peut être utilisée en totalité ou en partie pour améliorer de façon systématique le management environnemental. Les déclarations de conformité à la présente Norme internationale ne sont cependant pas acceptables à moins que toutes ses exigences soient intégrées dans le système de management environnemental d'un organisme et soient satisfaites, sans exclusion.
Sistemi ravnanja z okoljem - Zahteve z navodili za uporabo (ISO 14001:2015)
Ta mednarodni standard določa zahteve za sistem ravnanja z okoljem,
ki ga lahko organizacija uporabi za izboljšanje svojih učinkov ravnanja z okoljem. Ta mednarodni standard je namenjen organizacijam, ki si prizadevajo sistematično upravljati svoje odgovornosti na področju ravnanja z okoljem in tako prispevati k trajnostnemu varovanju okolja.
Ta mednarodni standard bo organizacijam v pomoč pri doseganju predvidenih rezultatov sistema ravnanja z okoljem, ki bodo dodana vrednost za okolje, organizacijo in vpletene strani. Skladno z okoljevarstveno politiko organizacije vključujejo predvideni rezultati sistema ravnanja z okoljem naslednje točke:
– večji učinki ravnanja z okoljem;
– izpolnitev obveznosti glede skladnosti;
– doseganje okoljskih ciljev.
Ta mednarodni standard se uporablja za vse organizacije ne glede na velikost, vrsto in naravo
ter za okoljevarstvene vidike na področju njihovih dejavnosti, proizvodov in storitev, za katere organizacija
določi, da jih lahko nadzira ali nanje vpliva ob upoštevanju njihove življenjske dobe. Ta mednarodni
standard ne določa posebnih meril za učinek ravnanja z okoljem.
Ta mednarodni standard je mogoče v celoti ali delno uporabiti za sistematično izboljšanje ravnanja z okoljem. Vendar sklici na skladnost s tem mednarodnim standardom niso sprejemljivi, razen če so v sistem ravnanja z okoljem organizacije vključene vse njegove zahteve, ki morajo biti izpolnjene brez izjeme.
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SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN ISO 14001:2015
01-november-2015
1DGRPHãþD
SIST EN ISO 14001:2005
SIST EN ISO 14001:2005/AC:2009
Sistemi ravnanja z okoljem - Zahteve z navodili za uporabo (ISO 14001:2015)
Environmental management systems - Requirements with guidance for use (ISO
14001:2015)
Umweltmanagementsysteme - Anforderungen mit Anleitung zur Anwendung (ISO
14001.2015)
Systèmes de management environnemental - Exigences et lignes directrices pour son
utilisation (ISO 14001:2015)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 14001:2015
ICS:
13.020.10 Ravnanje z okoljem Environmental management
SIST EN ISO 14001:2015 en,fr
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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SIST EN ISO 14001:2015
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SIST EN ISO 14001:2015
EN ISO 14001
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
September 2015
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 13.020.10 Supersedes EN ISO 14001:2004
English Version
Environmental management systems - Requirements with
guidance for use (ISO 14001:2015)
Systèmes de management environnemental - Umweltmanagementsysteme - Anforderungen mit
Exigences et lignes directrices pour son utilisation (ISO Anleitung zur Anwendung (ISO 14001:2015)
14001:2015)
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 14 September 2015.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and
United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2015 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN ISO 14001:2015 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
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SIST EN ISO 14001:2015
EN ISO 14001:2015 (E)
Contents Page
European foreword . 3
2
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SIST EN ISO 14001:2015
EN ISO 14001:2015 (E)
European foreword
This document (EN ISO 14001:2015) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 207
"Environmental management".
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by March 2016, and conflicting national standards shall
be withdrawn at the latest by March 2016.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent
rights.
This document supersedes EN ISO 14001:2004.
This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the
European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s).
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria,
Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia,
France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta,
Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Turkey and the United Kingdom.
Endorsement notice
The text of ISO 14001:2015 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 14001:2015 without any modification.
3
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SIST EN ISO 14001:2015
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SIST EN ISO 14001:2015
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 14001
Third edition
2015-09-15
Environmental management
systems — Requirements with
guidance for use
Systèmes de management environnemental — Exigences et lignes
directrices pour son utilisation
Reference number
ISO 14001:2015(E)
©
ISO 2015
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SIST EN ISO 14001:2015
ISO 14001:2015(E)
COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO 2015, Published in Switzerland
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form
or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior
written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISO’s member body in the country of
the requester.
ISO copyright office
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CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva, Switzerland
Tel. +41 22 749 01 11
Fax +41 22 749 09 47
copyright@iso.org
www.iso.org
ii © ISO 2015 – All rights reserved
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SIST EN ISO 14001:2015
ISO 14001:2015(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .v
Introduction .vi
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
3.1 Terms related to organization and leadership . 1
3.2 Terms related to planning . 2
3.3 Terms related to support and operation . 4
3.4 Terms related to performance evaluation and improvement . 5
4 Context of the organization . 6
4.1 Understanding the organization and its context . 6
4.2 Understanding the needs and expectations of interested parties . 6
4.3 Determining the scope of the environmental management system . 6
4.4 Environmental management system . 7
5 Leadership . 7
5.1 Leadership and commitment . 7
5.2 Environmental policy . 7
5.3 Organizational roles, responsibilities and authorities. 8
6 Planning . 8
6.1 Actions to address risks and opportunities . 8
6.1.1 General. 8
6.1.2 Environmental aspects . 9
6.1.3 Compliance obligations . 9
6.1.4 Planning action . 9
6.2 Environmental objectives and planning to achieve them .10
6.2.1 Environmental objectives.10
6.2.2 Planning actions to achieve environmental objectives .10
7 Support .10
7.1 Resources .10
7.2 Competence .11
7.3 Awareness .11
7.4 Communication .11
7.4.1 General.11
7.4.2 Internal communication .12
7.4.3 External communication .12
7.5 Documented information .12
7.5.1 General.12
7.5.2 Creating and updating .12
7.5.3 Control of documented information .12
8 Operation .13
8.1 Operational planning and control .13
8.2 Emergency preparedness and response .13
9 Performance evaluation .14
9.1 Monitoring, measurement, analysis and evaluation .14
9.1.1 General.14
9.1.2 Evaluation of compliance .14
9.2 Internal audit .15
9.2.1 General.15
9.2.2 Internal audit programme .15
9.3 Management review .15
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SIST EN ISO 14001:2015
ISO 14001:2015(E)
10 Improvement .16
10.1 General .16
10.2 Nonconformity and corrective action .16
10.3 Continual improvement .17
Annex A (informative) Guidance on the use of this International Standard .18
Annex B (informative) Correspondence between ISO 14001:2015 and ISO 14001:2004 .32
Bibliography .34
Alphabetical index of terms .35
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SIST EN ISO 14001:2015
ISO 14001:2015(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity assessment,
as well as information about ISO’s adherence to the World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the
Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
The committee responsible for this document is Technical Committee ISO/TC 207, Environmental
management, Subcommittee SC 1, Environmental management systems.
This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition (ISO 14001:2004), which has been technically
revised. It also incorporates the Technical Corrigendum ISO 14001:2004/Cor.1:2009.
© ISO 2015 – All rights reserved v
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SIST EN ISO 14001:2015
ISO 14001:2015(E)
Introduction
0.1 Background
Achieving a balance between the environment, society and the economy is considered essential to meet
the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their needs.
Sustainable development as a goal is achieved by balancing the three pillars of sustainability.
Societal expectations for sustainable development, transparency and accountability have evolved with
increasingly stringent legislation, growing pressures on the environment from pollution, inefficient
use of resources, improper waste management, climate change, degradation of ecosystems and loss of
biodiversity.
This has led organizations to adopt a systematic approach to environmental management by
implementing environmental management systems with the aim of contributing to the environmental
pillar of sustainability.
0.2 Aim of an environmental management system
The purpose of this International Standard is to provide organizations with a framework to protect
the environment and respond to changing environmental conditions in balance with socio-economic
needs. It specifies requirements that enable an organization to achieve the intended outcomes it sets
for its environmental management system.
A systematic approach to environmental management can provide top management with information
to build success over the long term and create options for contributing to sustainable development by:
— protecting the environment by preventing or mitigating adverse environmental impacts;
— mitigating the potential adverse effect of environmental conditions on the organization;
— assisting the organization in the fulfilment of compliance obligations;
— enhancing environmental performance;
— controlling or influencing the way the organization’s products and services are designed,
manufactured, distributed, consumed and disposed by using a life cycle perspective that can
prevent environmental impacts from being unintentionally shifted elsewhere within the life cycle;
— achieving financial and operational benefits that can result from implementing environmentally
sound alternatives that strengthen the organization’s market position;
— communicating environmental information to relevant interested parties.
This International Standard, like other International Standards, is not intended to increase or change
an organization’s legal requirements.
0.3 Success factors
The success of an environmental management system depends on commitment from all levels and
functions of the organization, led by top management. Organizations can leverage opportunities to
prevent or mitigate adverse environmental impacts and enhance beneficial environmental impacts,
particularly those with strategic and competitive implications. Top management can effectively address
its risks and opportunities by integrating environmental management into the organization’s business
processes, strategic direction and decision making, aligning them with other business priorities,
and incorporating environmental governance into its overall management system. Demonstration of
successful implementation of this International Standard can be used to assure interested parties that
an effective environmental management system is in place.
Adoption of this International Standard, however, will not in itself guarantee optimal environmental
outcomes. Application of this International Standard can differ from one organization to another
vi © ISO 2015 – All rights reserved
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SIST EN ISO 14001:2015
ISO 14001:2015(E)
due to the context of the organization. Two organizations can carry out similar activities but can
have different compliance obligations, commitments in their environmental policy, environmental
technologies and environmental performance goals, yet both can conform to the requirements of this
International Standard.
The level of detail and complexity of the environmental management system will vary depending on
the context of the organization, the scope of its environmental management system, its compliance
obligations, and the nature of its activities, products and services, including its environmental aspects
and associated environmental impacts.
0.4 Plan-Do-Check-Act model
The basis for the approach underlying an environmental management system is founded on the concept
of Plan-Do-Check-Act (PDCA). The PDCA model provides an iterative process used by organizations to
achieve continual improvement. It can be applied to an environmental management system and to each
of its individual elements. It can be briefly described as follows.
— Plan: establish environmental objectives and processes necessary to deliver results in accordance
with the organization’s environmental policy.
— Do: implement the processes as planned.
— Check: monitor and measure processes against the environmental policy, including its commitments,
environmental objectives and operating criteria, and report the results.
— Act: take actions to continually improve.
Figure 1 shows how the framework introduced in this International Standard could be integrated into a
PDCA model, which can help new and existing users to understand the importance of a systems approach.
Figure 1 — Relationship between PDCA and the framework in this International Standard
0.5 Contents of this International Standard
This International Standard conforms to ISO’s requirements for management system standards.
These requirements include a high level structure, identical core text, and common terms with core
definitions, designed to benefit users implementing multiple ISO management system standards.
© ISO 2015 – All rights reserved vii
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SIST EN ISO 14001:2015
ISO 14001:2015(E)
This International Standard does not include requirements specific to other management systems, such
as those for quality, occupational health and safety, energy or financial management. However, this
International Standard enables an organization to use a common approach and risk-based thinking to
integrate its environmental management system with the requirements of other management systems.
This International Standard contains the requirements used to assess conformity. An organization that
wishes to demonstrate conformity with this International Standard can do so by:
— making a self-determination and self-declaration, or
— seeking confirmation of its conformance by parties having an interest in the organization, such as
customers, or
— seeking confirmation of its self-declaration by a party external to the organization, or
— seeking certification/registration of its environmental management system by an external
organization.
Annex A provides explanatory information to prevent misinterpretation of the requirements of this
International Standard. Annex B shows broad technical correspondence between the previous edition of
this International Standard and this edition. Implementation guidance on environmental management
systems is included in ISO 14004.
In this International Standard, the following verbal forms are used:
— “shall” indicates a requirement;
— “should” indicates a recommendation;
— “may” indicates a permission;
— “can” indicates a possibility or a capability.
Information marked as “NOTE” is intended to assist the understanding or use of the document. “Notes
to entry” used in Clause 3 provide additional information that supplements the terminological data and
can contain provisions relating to the use of a term.
The terms and definitions in Clause 3 are arranged in conceptual order, with an alphabetical index
provided at the end of the document.
viii © ISO 2015 – All rights reserved
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SIST EN ISO 14001:2015
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 14001:2015(E)
Environmental management systems — Requirements
with guidance for use
1 Scope
This International Standard specifies the requirements for an environmental management system
that an organization can use to enhance its environmental performance. This International Standard
is intended for use by an organization seeking to manage its environmental responsibilities in a
systematic manner that contributes to the environmental pillar of sustainability.
This International Standard helps an organization achieve the intended outcomes of its environmental
management system, which provide value for the environment, the organization itself and interested
parties. Consistent with the organization’s environmental policy, the intended outcomes of an
environmental management system include:
— enhancement of environmental performance;
— fulfilment of compliance obligations;
— achievement of environmental objectives.
This International Standard is applicable to any organization, regardless of size, type and nature,
and applies to the environmental aspects of its activities, products and services that the organization
determines it can either control or influence considering a life cycle perspective. This International
Standard does not state specific environmental performance criteria.
This International Standard can be used in whole or in part to systematically improve environmental
management. Claims of conformity to this International Standard, however, are not acceptable unless
all its requirements are incorporated into an organization’s environmental management system and
fulfilled without exclusion.
2 Normative references
There are no normative references.
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1 Terms related to organization and leadership
3.1.1
management system
set of interrelated or interacting elements of an organization (3.1.4) to establish policies and objectives
(3.2.5) and processes (3.3.5) to achieve those objectives
Note 1 to entry: A management system can address a single discipline or several disciplines (e.g. quality,
environment, occupational health and safety, energy, financial management).
Note 2 to entry: The system elements include the organization’s structure, roles and responsibilities, planning
and operation, performance evaluation and improvement.
Note 3 to entry: The scope of a management system can include the whole of the organization, specific and
identified functions of the organization, specific and identified sections of the organization, or one or more
functions across a group of organizations.
© ISO 2015 – All rights reserved 1
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...
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN ISO 14001:2015
01-november-2015
1DGRPHãþD
SIST EN ISO 14001:2005
SIST EN ISO 14001:2005/AC:2009
Sistemi ravnanja z okoljem - Zahteve z navodili za uporabo (ISO 14001:2015)
Environmental management systems - Requirements with guidance for use (ISO
14001:2015)
Umweltmanagementsysteme - Anforderungen mit Anleitung zur Anwendung (ISO
14001.2015)
Systèmes de management environnemental - Exigences et lignes directrices pour son
utilisation (ISO 14001:2015)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 14001:2015
ICS:
03.100.70 Sistemi vodenja Management systems
13.020.10 Ravnanje z okoljem Environmental management
SIST EN ISO 14001:2015 de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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SIST EN ISO 14001:2015
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SIST EN ISO 14001:2015
EN ISO 14001
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
EUROPEAN STANDARD
September 2015
NORME EUROPÉENNE
ICS 13.020.10 Ersatz für EN ISO 14001:2004
Deutsche Fassung
Umweltmanagementsysteme - Anforderungen mit Anleitung
zur Anwendung (ISO 14001:2015)
Environmental management systems - Requirements Systèmes de management environnemental - Exigences
with guidance for use (ISO 14001:2015) et lignes directrices pour son utilisation (ISO
14001:2015)
Diese Europäische Norm wurde vom CEN am 14. September 2015 angenommen.
Die CEN-Mitglieder sind gehalten, die CEN/CENELEC-Geschäftsordnung zu erfüllen, in der die Bedingungen festgelegt sind, unter
denen dieser Europäischen Norm ohne jede Änderung der Status einer nationalen Norm zu geben ist. Auf dem letzten Stand
befindliche Listen dieser nationalen Normen mit ihren bibliographischen Angaben sind beim Management-Zentrum des CEN-
CENELEC oder bei jedem CEN-Mitglied auf Anfrage erhältlich.
Diese Europäische Norm besteht in drei offiziellen Fassungen (Deutsch, Englisch, Französisch). Eine Fassung in einer anderen
Sprache, die von einem CEN-Mitglied in eigener Verantwortung durch Übersetzung in seine Landessprache gemacht und dem
Management-Zentrum mitgeteilt worden ist, hat den gleichen Status wie die offiziellen Fassungen.
CEN-Mitglieder sind die nationalen Normungsinstitute von Belgien, Bulgarien, Dänemark, Deutschland, der ehemaligen
jugoslawischen Republik Mazedonien, Estland, Finnland, Frankreich, Griechenland, Irland, Island, Italien, Kroatien, Lettland,
Litauen, Luxemburg, Malta, den Niederlanden, Norwegen, Österreich, Polen, Portugal, Rumänien, Schweden, der Schweiz, der
Slowakei, Slowenien, Spanien, der Tschechischen Republik, der Türkei, Ungarn, dem Vereinigten Königreich und Zypern.
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
CEN-CENELEC Management-Zentrum: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brüssel
© 2015 CEN Alle Rechte der Verwertung, gleich in welcher Form und in welchem Ref. Nr. EN ISO 14001:2015 D
Verfahren, sind weltweit den nationalen Mitgliedern von CEN
vorbehalten.
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SIST EN ISO 14001:2015
EN ISO 14001:2015 (D)
Inhalt
Seite
Europäisches Vorwort . 4
Vorwort . 5
Einleitung . 6
1 Anwendungsbereich . 10
2 Normative Verweisungen . 10
3 Begriffe . 10
3.1 Begriffe in Verbindung mit Organisation und Führung . 10
3.2 Begriffe in Verbindung mit Planung . 11
3.3 Begriffe in Verbindung mit Unterstützung und Betrieb . 13
3.4 Begriffe in Verbindung mit Leistungsbewertung und Verbesserung . 14
4 Kontext der Organisation . 15
4.1 Verstehen der Organisation und ihres Kontextes . 15
4.2 Verstehen der Erfordernisse und Erwartungen interessierter Parteien . 16
4.3 Festlegen des Anwendungsbereichs des Umweltmanagementsystems . 16
4.4 Umweltmanagementsystem . 16
5 Führung . 16
5.1 Führung und Verpflichtung. 16
5.2 Umweltpolitik . 17
5.3 Rollen, Verantwortlichkeiten und Befugnisse in der Organisation . 17
6 Planung . 18
6.1 Maßnahmen zum Umgang mit Risiken und Chancen . 18
6.1.1 Allgemeines . 18
6.1.2 Umweltaspekte . 18
6.1.3 Bindende Verpflichtungen . 19
6.1.4 Planung von Maßnahmen . 19
6.2 Umweltziele und Planung zu deren Erreichung . 20
6.2.1 Umweltziele . 20
6.2.2 Planung von Maßnahmen zur Erreichung der Umweltziele . 20
7 Unterstützung . 20
7.1 Ressourcen . 20
7.2 Kompetenz . 20
7.3 Bewusstsein . 21
7.4 Kommunikation . 21
7.4.1 Allgemeines . 21
7.4.2 Interne Kommunikation . 22
7.4.3 Externe Kommunikation . 22
7.5 Dokumentierte Information . 22
7.5.1 Allgemeines . 22
7.5.2 Erstellen und Aktualisieren . 22
7.5.3 Lenkung dokumentierter Information . 22
8 Betrieb . 23
8.1 Betriebliche Planung und Steuerung . 23
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SIST EN ISO 14001:2015
EN ISO 14001:2015 (D)
8.2 Notfallvorsorge und Gefahrenabwehr . 24
9 Bewertung der Leistung . 24
9.1 Überwachung, Messung, Analyse und Bewertung . 24
9.1.1 Allgemeines . 24
9.1.2 Bewertung der Einhaltung von Verpflichtungen . 25
9.2 Internes Audit . 25
9.2.1 Allgemeines . 25
9.2.2 Internes Auditprogramm . 25
9.3 Managementbewertung . 26
10 Verbesserung . 27
10.1 Allgemeines . 27
10.2 Nichtkonformität und Korrekturmaßnahmen . 27
10.3 Fortlaufende Verbesserung . 27
Anhang A (informativ) Anleitung zur Anwendung dieser Internationalen Norm . 28
Anhang B (informativ) Übereinstimmung zwischen ISO 14001:2015 und ISO 14001:2004 . 44
Literaturhinweise . 47
Alphabetisches Stichwortverzeichnis . 48
3
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SIST EN ISO 14001:2015
EN ISO 14001:2015 (D)
Europäisches Vorwort
Dieses Dokument (EN ISO 14001:2015) wurde vom Technischen Komitee ISO/TC 207 „Environmental
management“ erarbeitet.
Diese Europäische Norm muss den Status einer nationalen Norm erhalten, entweder durch Veröffentlichung
eines identischen Textes oder durch Anerkennung bis März 2016, und etwaige entgegenstehende nationale
Normen müssen bis März 2016 zurückgezogen werden.
Es wird auf die Möglichkeit hingewiesen, dass einige Elemente dieses Dokuments Patentrechte berühren
können. CEN [und/oder CENELEC] sind nicht dafür verantwortlich, einige oder alle diesbezüglichen
Patentrechte zu identifizieren.
Dieses Dokument ersetzt EN ISO 14001:2004.
Dieses Dokument wurde unter einem Mandat erarbeitet, das die Europäische Kommission und die
Europäische Freihandelszone dem CEN erteilt haben, und unterstützt grundlegende Anforderungen der EU-
Richtlinien.
Entsprechend der CEN-CENELEC-Geschäftsordnung sind die nationalen Normungsinstitute der folgenden
Länder gehalten, diese Europäische Norm zu übernehmen: Belgien, Bulgarien, Dänemark, Deutschland, die
ehemalige jugoslawische Republik Mazedonien, Estland, Finnland, Frankreich, Griechenland, Irland, Island,
Italien, Kroatien, Lettland, Litauen, Luxemburg, Malta, Niederlande, Norwegen, Österreich, Polen, Portugal,
Rumänien, Schweden, Schweiz, Slowakei, Slowenien, Spanien, Tschechische Republik, Türkei, Ungarn,
Vereinigtes Königreich und Zypern.
Anerkennungsnotiz
Der Text von ISO 14001:2015 wurde vom CEN als EN ISO 14001:2015 ohne irgendeine Abänderung
genehmigt.
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SIST EN ISO 14001:2015
EN ISO 14001:2015 (D)
Vorwort
ISO (die Internationale Organisation für Normung) ist eine weltweite Vereinigung von Nationalen
Normungsorganisationen (ISO-Mitgliedsorganisationen). Die Erstellung von Internationalen Normen wird
normalerweise von ISO Technischen Komitees durchgeführt. Jede Mitgliedsorganisation, die Interesse an
einem Thema hat, für welches ein Technisches Komitee gegründet wurde, hat das Recht, in diesem Komitee
vertreten zu sein. Internationale Organisationen, staatlich und nicht-staatlich, in Liaison mit ISO, nehmen
ebenfalls an der Arbeit teil. ISO arbeitet eng mit der Internationalen Elektrotechnischen Kommission (IEC)
bei allen elektrotechnischen Themen zusammen.
Die Verfahren, die bei der Entwicklung dieses Dokuments angewendet wurden und die für die weitere Pflege
vorgesehen sind, werden in den ISO/IEC-Direktiven, Teil 1 beschrieben. Im Besonderen sollten die für die
verschiedenen ISO-Dokumentenarten notwendigen Annahmekriterien beachtet werden. Dieses Dokument
wurde in Übereinstimmung mit den Gestaltungsregeln der ISO/IEC-Direktiven, Teil 2 erarbeitet (siehe
www.iso.org/directives).
Es wird auf die Möglichkeit hingewiesen, dass einige Elemente dieses Dokuments Patentrechte berühren
können. ISO ist nicht dafür verantwortlich, einige oder alle diesbezüglichen Patentrechte zu identifizieren.
Details zu allen während der Entwicklung des Dokuments identifizierten Patentrechten finden sich in der
Einleitung und/oder in der ISO-Liste der empfangenen Patenterklärungen (siehe www.iso.org/patents).
Jeder in diesem Dokument verwendete Handelsname wird als Information zum Nutzen der Anwender
angegeben und stellt keine Anerkennung dar.
Eine Erläuterung der Bedeutung ISO-spezifischer Benennungen und Ausdrücke, die sich auf
Konformitätsbewertung beziehen, sowie Informationen über die Beachtung der WTO-Grundsätze zu
technischen Handelshemmnissen (TBT, en: Technical Barriers to Trade) durch ISO enthält der folgende Link:
www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
Das für dieses Dokument verantwortliche Komitee ist ISO/TC 207, Environmental management,
Unterkomitee SC 1, Environmental management systems.
Diese dritte Ausgabe ersetzt die zweite Ausgabe (ISO 14001:2004), diese wurde technisch überarbeitet.
Auch das Technische Korrigendum ISO 14001:2004/Cor.1:2009 wurde miteinbezogen.
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SIST EN ISO 14001:2015
EN ISO 14001:2015 (D)
Einleitung
0.1 Hintergrund
Um die Bedürfnisse der heutigen Generation zu decken — ohne dabei die Möglichkeiten zukünftiger
Generationen zu beeinträchtigen — wird eine Balance zwischen Umwelt, Gesellschaft und Wirtschaft als
unerlässlich angesehen. Das Ziel einer nachhaltigen Entwicklung wird durch den Einklang der drei Säulen
der Nachhaltigkeit erreicht.
Gesellschaftliche Erwartungen in Bezug auf nachhaltige Entwicklung, Transparenz und Rechenschaftspflicht
haben sich mit zunehmend strengerer Gesetzgebung, wachsendem Druck auf die Umwelt durch Umwelt-
belastung, ineffiziente Nutzung von Ressourcen, unsachgemäßes Abfallmanagement, Klimawandel,
Beeinträchtigung von Ökosystemen und Verlust von Biodiversität entwickelt.
Dies hat Organisationen dazu gebracht, einem systematischen Ansatz beim Umweltmanagement zu folgen,
mit dem Ziel, durch die Verwirklichung von Umweltmanagementsystemen einen Beitrag zur ökologischen
Säule der Nachhaltigkeit zu leisten.
0.2 Ziel eines Umweltmanagementsystems
Der Zweck dieser Internationalen Norm ist es, Organisationen einen Rahmen bereitzustellen, um die Umwelt
zu schützen und auf sich ändernde Umweltzustände im Einklang mit sozioökonomischen Erfordernissen zu
reagieren. Sie legt Anforderungen fest, die es einer Organisation ermöglichen, die von ihr beabsichtigten
Ergebnisse des Umweltmanagementsystems zu erreichen.
Ein systematischer Ansatz zum Umweltmanagement kann der obersten Leitung Informationen bereitstellen,
die den Erfolg langfristig fördern und Möglichkeiten eröffnen, die zur nachhaltigen Entwicklung beitragen,
durch:
— Schutz der Umwelt durch Verhindern oder Minderung nachteiliger Umweltauswirkungen;
— Minderung der möglichen nachteiligen Auswirkung von Umweltzuständen auf die Organisation;
— Unterstützung der Organisation beim Erfüllen von bindenden Verpflichtungen;
— Verbesserung der Umweltleistung;
— Steuerung der oder Einfluss auf die Art und Weise, wie Produkte und Dienstleistungen der Organisation
entwickelt, produziert, vertrieben, konsumiert und entsorgt werden. Dabei beugt die Betrachtung des
Lebenswegs einer unbeabsichtigten Verschiebung von Umweltauswirkungen innerhalb des Lebenswegs
vor;
— Erreichen möglicher finanzieller und betrieblicher Vorteile durch Verwirklichung umweltverträglicher
Alternativen, welche die Marktposition der Organisation stärken;
— Kommunikation von Umweltinformationen gegenüber relevanten interessierten Parteien.
Wie andere Internationale Normen beabsichtigt diese Internationale Norm nicht, die rechtlichen
Verpflichtungen einer Organisation auszuweiten oder zu verändern.
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SIST EN ISO 14001:2015
EN ISO 14001:2015 (D)
0.3 Erfolgsfaktoren
Der Erfolg eines Umweltmanagementsystems hängt von der Verpflichtung aller Ebenen und Funktionen der
Organisation ab, wobei der obersten Leitung die führende Rolle zukommt. Organisationen können Chancen
ausbauen, um nachteilige Umweltauswirkungen zu verhindern oder zu mindern und günstige
Umweltauswirkungen zu fördern, insbesondere solche von strategischer und wettbewerblicher Bedeutung.
Die oberste Leitung kann ihre Risiken und Chancen wirksam handhaben, indem sie das Umweltmanagement
in die Geschäftsprozesse, strategische Ausrichtung und Entscheidungsfindung der Organisation in
Abstimmung mit anderen geschäftlichen Prioritäten - integriert sowie eine umweltorientierte
Unternehmensführung in das gesamte Managementsystem einbezieht. Der Nachweis einer erfolgreichen
Verwirklichung dieser Internationalen Norm kann dazu genutzt werden, interessierten Parteien die
Gewissheit zu geben, dass ein wirksames Umweltmanagementsystem vorhanden ist.
Die Übernahme dieser Internationalen Norm allein ist dennoch noch keine Garantie für optimale Ergebnisse
zum Schutz der Umwelt. Die Anwendung dieser Internationalen Norm kann sich von Organisation zu
Organisation aufgrund des Kontextes der Organisation unterscheiden. Zwei Organisationen können ähnliche
Tätigkeiten ausüben, jedoch hinsichtlich ihrer bindenden Verpflichtungen, Verpflichtungen in ihrer
Umweltpolitik, Umwelttechnologien und umweltbezogenen Leistungsziele Unterschiede aufweisen, und
dennoch können beide die Anforderungen dieser Internationalen Norm erfüllen.
Detailgrad und Komplexität des Umweltmanagementsystems sind abhängig vom Kontext der Organisation,
vom Anwendungsbereich ihres Umweltmanagementsystems, von ihren bindenden Verpflichtungen sowie
von der Art ihrer Tätigkeiten, Produkte und Dienstleistungen, einschließlich ihrer Umweltaspekte und
verbundenen Umweltauswirkungen.
0.4 Modell des Planens-Durchführens-Prüfens-Handelns
Die Grundlage für den Ansatz, der einem Umweltmanagementsystem zugrunde liegt, begründet sich auf dem
Zyklus von Planen-Durchführen-Prüfen-Handeln (PDCA, en: Plan-Do-Check-Act). Das PDCA-Modell stellt
einen iterativen Prozess bereit, der von Organisationen verwendet wird, um eine fortlaufende Verbesserung
zu erreichen. Er kann für ein Umweltmanagementsystem und jedes seiner einzelnen Elemente angewendet
werden. Er lässt sich kurz wie folgt beschreiben:
— Planen: erforderliche Umweltziele und Prozesse werden festgelegt, um Ergebnisse in Übereinstimmung
mit der Umweltpolitik der Organisation zu erhalten;
— Durchführen: die Prozesse werden wie geplant verwirklicht;
— Prüfen: die Prozesse werden überwacht und an der Umweltpolitik, einschließlich ihrer Verpflichtungen,
Umweltziele sowie Ablaufkriterien gemessen und die Ergebnisse berichtet;
— Handeln: Maßnahmen zur fortlaufenden Verbesserung werden ergriffen.
Bild 1 zeigt, wie der in dieser Internationalen Norm eingeführte Rahmen in ein PDCA-Modell integriert
werden könnte, um neue und gegenwärtige Anwender beim Verstehen der Bedeutung eines System-
Ansatzes unterstützen zu können.
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SIST EN ISO 14001:2015
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Bild 1 — Beziehung zwischen PDCA und dem Rahmen dieser Internationalen Norm
0.5 Inhalt dieser Internationalen Norm
Diese Internationale Norm entspricht den Anforderungen von ISO an Managementsystemnormen. Diese
Anforderungen schließen eine „ISO-Grundstruktur für Managementsystemnormen“ ein - dazu gehören ein
identischer Haupttext und gemeinsame Begriffe mit Kerndefinitionen - die entworfen wurde, um die
Umsetzung für diejenigen Anwender zu erleichtern, die mehrere ISO-Managementsystemnormen
verwirklichen.
Diese Internationale Norm enthält keine spezifischen Anforderungen anderer Managementsysteme, wie zum
Beispiel für Qualität, Arbeits- und Gesundheitsschutz, Energie- oder Finanzmanagement. Allerdings
ermöglicht diese Internationale Norm einer Organisation, einen einheitlichen Ansatz und eine
risikogestützte Denkweise anzuwenden, um ihr Umweltmanagementsystem mit den Anforderungen anderer
Managementsysteme zusammenzuführen.
Diese Internationale Norm enthält die Anforderungen, die zur Bewertung der Konformität verwendet
werden. Eine Organisation, welche Konformität mit dieser Internationalen Norm nachweisen möchte, hat
hierzu folgende Möglichkeiten:
— Durchführung einer Selbstbewertung und Selbsterklärung; oder
— Erlangen einer Bestätigung ihrer Konformität durch Parteien, die ein Interesse an der Organisation
haben, wie z. B. Kunden; oder
— Erlangen einer Bestätigung ihrer Selbsterklärung durch einen Externen; oder
— Erlangen einer Zertifizierung/Registrierung ihres Umweltmanagementsystems durch eine externe
Organisation.
Anhang A enthält erläuternde Informationen, um Fehlinterpretationen der Anforderungen dieser
Internationalen Norm zu verhindern. Anhang B stellt allgemeine fachliche Übereinstimmungen zwischen der
vorherigen Ausgabe dieser Internationalen Norm und der vorliegenden Ausgabe dar. Anleitung zur
Umsetzung von Umweltmanagementsystemen ist in ISO 14004 enthalten.
8
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SIST EN ISO 14001:2015
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In dieser Internationalen Norm werden die folgenden Modalverben verwendet:
— „muss“ bezeichnet eine Anforderung;
— „sollte“ bezeichnet eine Empfehlung;
— „darf“ bezeichnet eine Erlaubnis;
— „kann“ bezeichnet eine Möglichkeit oder Fähigkeit.
Als „ANMERKUNG“ gekennzeichnete Information dient dazu, beim Verständnis und der Anwendung des
Dokuments zu unterstützen. Eine in Abschnitt 3 verwendete „Anmerkung zum Begriff“ gibt zusätzliche
Informationen, welche die begrifflichen Angaben ergänzen und Vorschriften in Verbindung mit der
Verwendung eines Begriffes enthalten können.
Die Begriffe in Abschnitt 3 folgen einer konzeptionellen Anordnung, ein alphabetisches Stichwortverzeichnis
befindet sich am Ende des Dokuments.
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SIST EN ISO 14001:2015
EN ISO 14001:2015 (D)
1 Anwendungsbereich
Diese Internationale Norm legt Anforderungen an ein Umweltmanagementsystem fest, das eine Organisation
zur Verbesserung ihrer Umweltleistung verwenden kann. Diese Internationale Norm ist für die Anwendung
durch Organisationen vorgesehen, die danach streben, ihre umweltbezogenen Verantwortlichkeiten in einer,
zur ökologischen Säule der Nachhaltigkeit beitragenden, systematischen Weise zu führen.
Diese Internationale Norm unterstützt eine Organisation dabei, die beabsichtigten Ergebnisse ihres
Umweltmanagementsystems zu erreichen, und damit einen Mehrwert für die Umwelt, die Organisation
selbst und für interessierte Parteien zu bieten. In Übereinstimmung mit der Umweltpolitik der Organisation
schließen die beabsichtigten Ergebnisse eines Umweltmanagementsystems Folgendes ein:
— Verbesserung der Umweltleistung;
— Erfüllung von bindenden Verpflichtungen;
— Erreichen von Umweltzielen.
Diese Internationale Norm ist auf alle Organisationen anwendbar, unabhängig von ihrer Größe, Art und
Beschaffenheit. Sie gilt für jene Umweltaspekte ihrer Tätigkeiten, Produkte und Dienstleistungen, welche die
Organisation unter Berücksichtigung des Lebenswegs als entweder von ihr steuerbar oder beeinflussbar
bestimmt. Diese Internationale Norm legt keine spezifischen Umweltleistungskriterien fest.
Diese Internationale Norm kann im Ganzen oder in Teilen für die systematische Verbesserung des
Umweltmanagements genutzt werden. Es ist allerdings nicht zulässig, Konformität mit dieser
Internationalen Norm zu beanspruchen, sofern nicht alle ihre Anforderungen in das
Umweltmanagementsystem einer Organisation aufgenommen und ohne Ausnahme erfüllt sind.
2 Normative Verweisungen
Es liegen keine Normativen Verweisungen vor.
3 Begriffe
Für die Anwendung dieses Dokuments gelten die folgenden Begriffe.
3.1 Begriffe in Verbindung mit Organisation und Führung
3.1.1
Managementsystem
Satz zusammenhängender oder sich gegenseitig beeinflussender Elemente einer Organisation (3.1.4), um
Politiken und Ziele (3.2.5) und Prozesse (3.3.5) zum Erreichen dieser Ziele festzulegen
Anmerkung 1 zum Begriff: Ein Managementsystem kann eine oder mehrere Disziplinen behandeln (z. B. Qualität,
Umwelt, Arbeits- und Gesundheitsschutz, Energie, Finanzmanagement).
Anmerkung 2 zum Begriff: Die Elemente des Systems beinhalten die Struktur der Organisation, Rollen und
Verantwortlichkeiten, Planung und Betrieb sowie Leistungsbewertung und Verbesserung.
Anmerkung 3 zum Begriff: Der Anwendungsbereich eines Managementsystems kann die ganze Organisation,
bestimmte Funktionsbereiche der Organisation, bestimmte Bereiche der Organisation oder eine oder mehrere
Funktionsbereiche über eine Gruppe von Organisationen hinweg umfassen.
3.1.2
Umweltmanagementsystem
Teil des Managementsystems (3.1.1), der dazu dient, Umweltaspekte (3.2.2) zu handhaben, bindende
Verpflichtungen (3.2.9) zu erfüllen und mit Risiken und Chancen (3.2.11) umzugehen
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SIST EN ISO 14001:2015
EN ISO 14001:2015 (D)
3.1.3
Umweltpolitik
Absichten und Ausrichtung einer Organisation (3.1.4) in Bezug auf die Umweltleistung (3.4.11), wie von der
obersten Leitung (3.1.5) formell ausgedrückt
3.1.4
Organisation
Person oder Personengruppe, die eigene Funktionen mit Verantwortlichkeiten, Befugnissen und
Beziehungen hat, um ihre Ziele (3.2.5) zu erreichen
Anmerkung 1 zum Begriff: Der Begriff Organisation umfasst unter anderem Einzelunternehmer, Gesellschaft,
Konzern, Firma, Unternehmen, Behörde, Handelsgesellschaft, Wohltätigkeitsorganisation, Institution oder Teile oder
eine Kombination der genannten, ob eingetragen oder nicht, öffentlich oder privat.
3.1.5
oberste Leitung
Person oder Personengruppe, die eine Organisation (3.1.4) auf der obersten Ebene führt und steuert
Anmerkung 1 zum Begriff: Die oberste Leitung ist innerhalb der Organisation in der Lage, Verantwortung zu
delegieren und Ressourcen bereitzustellen.
Anmerkung 2 zum Begriff: Wenn der Anwendungsbereich des Managementsystems (3.1.1) nur einen Teil einer
Organisation umfasst, bezie
...
S L O V E N S K I SIST EN ISO 14001
S T A N D A R D
november 2015
Sistemi ravnanja z okoljem – Zahteve z navodili za uporabo
(ISO 14001:2015)
Environmental management systems – Requirements with guidance for use
(ISO 14001:2015)
Systèmes de management environnemental – Exigences et lignes directrices pour
son utilisation (ISO 14001:2015)
Umweltmanagementsysteme – Anforderungen mit Anleitung zur Anwendung
(ISO 14001:2015)
Referenčna oznaka
ICS 03.120.10 SIST EN ISO 14001:2015 (sl, en)
Nadaljevanje na straneh II in od 1 do 65
© 2016-04. Standard je založil in izdal Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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SIST EN ISO 14001 : 2015
NACIONALNI UVOD
Standard SIST EN ISO 14001 (sl, en), Sistemi ravnanja z okoljem – Zahteve z navodili za uporabo,
2015, ima status slovenskega standarda in je istoveten evropskemu standardu EN ISO 14001 (en),
Environmental management systems – Requirements with guidance for use (ISO 14001:2015), 2015.
Ta standard nadomešča SIST EN ISO 14001:2005.
NACIONALNI PREDGOVOR
Mednarodni standard ISO 14001:2015 je pripravil tehnični odbor Mednarodne organizacije za
standardizacijo ISO/TC 207 Ravnanje z okoljem. Slovenski standard SIST EN ISO 14001:2015 je
prevod angleškega besedila evropskega standarda EN ISO 14001:2015, ki je istoveten
mednarodnemu standardu; k dokumentu je dodan evropski predgovor. V primeru spora glede besedila
slovenskega prevoda v tem standardu je odločilen izvirni evropski standard v angleškem jeziku.
Slovensko-angleško izdajo standarda je pripravil tehnični odbor SIST/TC UZO Upravljanje z okoljem.
Odločitev za privzem tega standarda je dne 2. oktobra 2015 sprejel SIST/TC UZO Upravljanje z
okoljem.
PREDHODNA IZDAJA
– SIST EN ISO 14001:2004 (sl,en)
OSNOVA ZA IZDAJO STANDARDA
– Privzem standarda EN ISO 14001:2015.
OPOMBE
– Povsod, kjer se v besedilu standarda uporablja izraz “evropski” ali “mednarodni” standard, v
SIST EN ISO 14001:2015 to pomeni “slovenski” standard.
– Nacionalni uvod in nacionalni predgovor nista sestavni del standarda.
– Ta nacionalni dokument je istoveten EN ISO 14001:2015 in je objavljen z dovoljenjem
Upravni center
CEN-CENELEC
Avenue Marnix 17
B-1000 Bruselj
This national document is identical with EN ISO 14001:2015 and is published with the permission
of
CEN-CENELEC
Management Centre
Avenue Marnix 17
B-1000 Brussels
II
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EVROPSKI STANDARD EN ISO 14001
EUROPEAN STANDARD
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
NORME EUROPÉENNE september 2015
ICS: 13.020.10 Nadomešča EN ISO 14001:2004
Slovenska izdaja
Sistemi ravnanja z okoljem – Zahteve z navodili za uporabo
(ISO 14001:2015)
Environmental management Systèmes de management Umweltmanagementsysteme –
systems – Requirements with environnemental – Exigences et lignes Anforderungen mit Anleitung zur
guidance for use directrices pour son utilisation Anwendung (ISO 14001:2015)
(ISO 14001:2015) (ISO 14001:2015)
Ta evropski standard je CEN sprejel dne 14. septembra 2015.
Člani CEN morajo izpolnjevati določila notranjih predpisov CEN/CENELEC, s katerimi je predpisano,
da mora biti ta standard brez kakršnihkoli sprememb sprejet kot nacionalni standard. Seznami
najnovejših izdaj teh nacionalnih standardov in njihovi bibliografski podatki so na voljo pri Upravnem
centru CEN-CENELEC ali kateremkoli članu CEN.
Ta evropski standard obstaja v treh uradnih izdajah (nemški, angleški in francoski). Izdaje v drugih
jezikih, ki jih člani CEN na lastno odgovornost prevedejo in izdajo ter prijavijo pri Upravnem centru
CEN-CENELEC, veljajo kot uradne izdaje.
Člani CEN so nacionalni organi za standarde Avstrije, Belgije, Bolgarije, Cipra, Češke republike,
Danske, Estonije, Finske, Francije, Grčije, Hrvaške, Irske, Islandije, Italije, Latvije, Litve,
Luksemburga, Madžarske, Malte, Nekdanje jugoslovanske republike Makedonije, Nemčije,
Nizozemske, Norveške, Poljske, Portugalske, Romunije, Slovaške, Slovenije, Španije, Švedske,
Švice, Turčije in Združenega kraljestva.
CEN
Evropski komite za standardizacijo
European Committee for Standardization
Europäisches Komitee für Normung
Comité Européen de Normalisation
Upravni center CEN-CENELEC: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Bruselj
© 2015. Lastnice avtorskih pravic so vse države članice CEN Ref. št. EN ISO 14001:2015 E
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SIST EN ISO 14001 : 2015
PREDGOVOR
Ta dokument (EN ISO 14001:2015) je pripravil tehnični odbor ISO/TC 207 Ravnanje z okoljem.
Ta evropski standard mora dobiti status nacionalnega standarda z objavo istovetnega besedila ali z
razglasitvijo najpozneje do marca 2016, nacionalne standarde, ki so v nasprotju s tem standardom, pa
je treba umakniti najpozneje do marca 2016.
Opozoriti je treba na možnost, da je lahko nekaj elementov tega dokumenta predmet patentnih pravic.
CEN [in/ali CENELEC] ne prevzema odgovornosti za identifikacijo katerihkoli ali vseh takih patentnih
pravic.
Ta dokument nadomešča EN ISO 14001:2004.
Ta dokument je bil pripravljen v okviru mandata, ki sta ga Evropska komisija in Evropsko združenje za
prosto trgovino dodelila CEN, in podpira bistvene zahteve Direktiv EU.
V skladu z notranjimi predpisi CEN/CENELEC morajo ta evropski standard obvezno uvesti nacionalne
organizacije za standarde naslednjih držav: Avstrije, Belgije, Bolgarije, Cipra, Češke republike,
Danske, Estonije, Finske, Francije, Grčije, Hrvaške, Irske, Islandije, Italije, Latvije, Litve,
Luksemburga, Madžarske, Malte, Nekdanje jugoslovanske republike Makedonije, Nemčije,
Nizozemske, Norveške, Poljske, Portugalske, Romunije, Slovaške, Slovenije, Španije, Švedske,
Švice, Turčije in Združenega kraljestva.
Razglasitvena objava
Besedilo ISO 14001:2015 je CEN odobril kot EN ISO 14001:2015 brez sprememb.
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SIST EN ISO 14001 : 2015
Vsebina Stran Contents Page
Predgovor . 5 Foreword .5
Uvod . 6 Introduction .6
1 Področje uporabe . 11 1 Scope .11
2 Zveze s standardi . 11 2 Normative references .11
3 Izrazi in definicije . 11 3 Terms and definitions .11
3.1 Izrazi v zvezi z organizacijo 3.1 Terms related to organization
in voditeljstvom . 12 and leadership .12
3.2 Izrazi v zvezi s planiranjem . 13 3.2 Terms related to planning .13
3.3 Izrazi v zvezi s podporo in 3.3 Terms related to support and
delovanjem . 15 operation .15
3.4 Izrazi v zvezi z vrednotenjem 3.4 Terms related to performance
učinka in izboljševanjem . 16 evaluation and improvement .16
4 Kontekst organizacije . 18 4 Context of the organization .18
4.1 Razumevanje organizacije in njenega 4.1 Understanding the organization
konteksta . 18 and its context .18
4.2 Razumevanje potreb in pričakovanj 4.2 Understanding the needs and
zainteresiranih strani . 18 expectations of interested parties .18
4.3 Opredeljevanje obsega sistema ravnanja 4.3 Determining the scope of the
z okoljem . 19 environmental management system .19
4.4 Sistem ravnanja z okoljem. 19 4.4 Environmental management system .19
5 Voditeljstvo . 19 5 Leadership .19
5.1 Voditeljstvo in zavezanost . 19 5.1 Leadership and commitment .19
5.2 Okoljska politika . 20 5.2 Environmental policy .20
5.3 Vloge, odgovornosti in pooblastila 5.3 Organizational roles, responsibilities
organizacije . 21 and authorities .21
6 Planiranje . 21 6 Planning .21
6.1 Ukrepi za obravnavanje tveganj in 6.1 Actions to address risks and
priložnosti . 21 opportunities .21
6.1.1 Splošno . 21 6.1.1 General .21
6.1.2 Okoljski vidiki . 22 6.1.2 Environmental aspects .22
6.1.3 Obveznosti glede skladnosti . 23 6.1.3 Compliance obligations .23
6.1.4 Planiranje ukrepov . 23 6.1.4 Planning action .23
6.2 Okoljski cilji in planiranje za njihovo 6.2 Environmental objectives
doseganje . 23 and planning to achieve them .23
6.2.1 Okoljski cilji . 23 6.2.1 Environmental objectives .23
6.2.2 Planiranje ukrepov za doseganje 6.2.2 Planning actions to achieve
okoljskih ciljev . 24 environmental objectives .24
7 Podpora . 24 7 Support .24
7.1 Viri . 24 7.1 Resources .24
7.2 Kompetentnost . 24 7.2 Competence .24
7.3 Ozaveščenost . 25 7.3 Awareness .25
7.4 Komuniciranje . 25 7.4 Communication .25
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SIST EN ISO 14001 : 2015
7.4.1 Splošno . 25 7.4.1 General .25
7.4.2 Notranje komuniciranje . 26 7.4.2 Internal communication .26
7.4.3 Zunanje komuniciranje . 26 7.4.3 External communication .26
7.5 Dokumentirane informacije . 26 7.5 Documented information .26
7.5.1 Splošno . 26 7.5.1 General .26
7.5.2 Ustvarjanje in posodabljanje . 27 7.5.2 Creating and updating .27
7.5.3 Obvladovanje dokumentiranih 7.5.3 Control of documented
informacij . 27 information .27
8 Delovanje . 27 8 Operation .27
8.1 Planiranje in nadzor delovanja . 27 8.1 Operational planning and control .27
8.2 Pripravljenost in odziv na izredne 8.2 Emergency preparedness
razmere . 28 and response .28
9 Vrednotenje učinka . 29 9 Performance evaluation .29
9.1 Nadzorovanje, merjenje, analiziranje 9.1 Monitoring, measurement, analysis
in vrednotenje . 29 and evaluation .29
9.1.1 Splošno . 29 9.1.1 General .29
9.1.2 Vrednotenje skladnosti . 30 9.1.2 Evaluation of compliance .30
9.2 Notranja presoja . 30 9.2 Internal audit .30
9.2.1 Splošno . 30 9.2.1 General .30
9.2.2 Program notranje presoje . 31 9.2.2 Internal audit programme .31
9.3 Vodstveni pregled . 31 9.3 Management review .31
10 Izboljševanje . 32 10 Improvement .32
10.1 Splošno . 32 10.1 General .32
10.2 Neskladnost in korektivni ukrepi . 32 10.2 Nonconformity and corrective action .32
10.3 Nenehno izboljševanje . 33 10.3 Continual improvement .33
Dodatek A (informativni): Navodila za Annex A (informative) Guidance on
uporabo tega mednarodnega standarda . 34 the use of this International Standard .34
Dodatek B (informativni): Primerjava Annex B (informative) Correspondence
med ISO 14001:2015 in between ISO 14001:2015 and
ISO 14001:2004 . 58 ISO 14001:2004 .59
Literatura . 62 Bibliography .63
Abecedno kazalo izrazov . 64 Alphabetical index of terms .65
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SIST EN ISO 14001 : 2015
Predgovor
Foreword
Mednarodna organizacija za standardizacijo ISO (the International Organization for
(ISO) je svetovna zveza nacionalnih organov za Standardization) is a worldwide federation of
standarde (članov ISO). Mednarodne standarde national standards bodies (ISO member bodies).
ponavadi pripravljajo tehnični odbori ISO. Vsak The work of preparing International Standards is
član, ki ga zanima področje, za katero je bil normally carried out through ISO technical
ustanovljen tehnični odbor, ima pravico biti committees. Each member body interested in a
zastopan v tem odboru. Pri delu sodelujejo tudi subject for which a technical committee has been
mednarodne vladne in nevladne organizacije, established has the right to be represented on
povezane z ISO. V vseh zadevah, ki so that committee. International organizations,
povezane s standardizacijo na področju governmental and non-governmental, in liaison
elektrotehnike, ISO tesno sodeluje z with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO
Mednarodno elektrotehniško komisijo (IEC). collaborates closely with the International
Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters
of electrotechnical standardization.
Postopki, uporabljeni pri razvoju tega The procedures used to develop this document
dokumenta, in postopki, predvideni za njegovo and those intended for its further maintenance
nadaljnje vzdrževanje, so opisani v Direktivah are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1.
ISO/IEC, 1. del. Posebna pozornost naj se In particular the different approval criteria
nameni različnim kriterijem odobritve, needed for the different types of ISO documents
potrebnim za različne vrste dokumentov ISO. should be noted. This document was drafted in
Ta dokument je bil pripravljen v skladu z accordance with the editorial rules of the
uredniškimi pravili Direktiv ISO/IEC, 2. del ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2
(glej www.iso.org/directives). (see www.iso.org/directives).
Opozoriti je treba na možnost, da je lahko nekaj Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of
elementov tega dokumenta predmet patentnih the elements of this document may be the
pravic. ISO ne prevzema odgovornosti za subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held
identifikacijo katerihkoli ali vseh takih patentnih responsible for identifying any or all such patent
pravic. Podrobnosti o katerihkoli patentnih rights. Details of any patent rights identified
pravicah, identificiranih med pripravo tega during the development of the document will be
dokumenta, bodo navedene v uvodu in/ali na in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of
seznamu patentnih izjav, ki jih je prejela patent declarations received
organizacija ISO (glej www.iso.org/patents). (see www.iso.org/patents).
Vsakršna trgovska imena, uporabljena v tem Any trade name used in this document is
dokumentu, so informacije za uporabnike in ne information given for the convenience of users
pomenijo podpore blagovni znamki. and does not constitute an endorsement.
Za razlago pomena specifičnih izrazov ISO, For an explanation on the meaning of ISO
povezanih z ugotavljanjem skladnosti, ter specific terms and expressions related to
informacij o tem, kako ISO spoštuje načela conformity assessment, as well as information
Mednarodne trgovinske organizacije (WTO) v about ISO’s adherence to the World Trade
Tehničnih ovirah pri trgovanju, glej naslednji Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical
naslov URL: www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html. Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL:
www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
Za ta dokument je odgovoren tehnični odbor The committee responsible for this document is
ISO/TC 207, Ravnanje z okoljem, pododbor Technical Committee ISO/TC 207, Environmental
SC 1, Sistemi ravnanja z okoljem. management, Subcommittee SC 1, Environmental
management systems.
Ta tretja izdaja standarda razveljavlja in This third edition cancels and replaces the second
nadomešča drugo izdajo (ISO 14001:2004), ki edition (ISO 14001:2004), which has been techni-
je bila strokovno popravljena. Vključuje tudi cally revised. It also incorporates the Technical
tehnični popravek ISO 14001:2004/Cor.1:2009. Corrigendum ISO 14001:2004/Cor.1:2009.
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SIST EN ISO 14001 : 2015
Uvod
Introduction
0.1 Ozadje 0.1 Background
Za izpolnjevanje sedanjih potreb brez Achieving a balance between the environment,
ogrožanja zmožnosti prihodnjih generacij, da society and the economy is considered
izpolnjujejo svoje potrebe, je bistvenega essential to meet the needs of the present
pomena doseganje ravnotežja med okoljem, without compromising the ability of future
družbo in gospodarstvom. Trajnostni razvoj kot generations to meet their needs. Sustainable
cilj se doseže z uravnoteženjem teh treh development as a goal is achieved by balancing
stebrov trajne stabilnosti. the three pillars of sustainability.
Pričakovanja družbe glede trajnostnega Societal expectations for sustainable
razvoja, preglednosti in obvez so se razvila z development, transparency and accountability
vse strožjo zakonodajo, naraščajočimi pritiski have evolved with increasingly stringent
na okolje zaradi onesnaževanja, neučinkovite legislation, growing pressures on the
rabe virov, neustreznega ravnanja z odpadki, environment from pollution, inefficient use of
podnebnih sprememb, degradacije resources, improper waste management,
ekosistemov in izgube biotske raznovrstnosti. climate change, degradation of ecosystems and
loss of biodiversity.
To je organizacije privedlo k temu, da sprejmejo This has led organizations to adopt a
sistematičen pristop k ravnanju z okoljem in da systematic approach to environmental
z izvajanjem sistemov ravnanja z okoljem management by implementing environmental
prispevajo k okoljskemu stebru trajne management systems with the aim of
stabilnosti. contributing to the environmental pillar of
sustainability.
0.2 Cilj sistema ravnanja z okoljem 0.2 Aim of an environmental management
system
Namen tega mednarodnega standarda je The purpose of this International Standard is to
zagotoviti organizacijam okvir za varovanje provide organizations with a framework to
okolja in odgovor na spreminjajoče se stanje protect the environment and respond to
okolja v ravnotežju z družbeno-ekonomskimi changing environmental conditions in balance
potrebami. Standard določa zahteve, ki with socio-economic needs. It specifies
organizaciji omogočajo dosegati predvidene requirements that enable an organization to
rezultate, ki si jih postavi za svoj sistem achieve the intended outcomes it sets for its
ravnanja z okoljem. environmental management system.
Sistematičen pristop k ravnanju z okoljem lahko A systematic approach to environmental
najvišjemu vodstvu zagotavlja informacije za management can provide top management with
dolgoročno gradnjo uspeha in ustvarjanje information to build success over the long term
možnosti prispevanja k trajnostnemu razvoju s and create options for contributing to
tem, da: sustainable development by:
– varuje okolje s preprečevanjem ali – protecting the environment by preventing
zmanjševanjem neugodnih vplivov; or mitigating adverse environmental
impacts;
– zmanjšuje možen neugoden učinek – mitigating the potential adverse effect of
okoljskih razmer na organizacijo; environmental conditions on the
organization;
– pomaga organizaciji pri izpolnjevanju – assisting the organization in the fulfilment
obveznosti glede skladnosti; of compliance obligations;
– izboljšuje učinek ravnanja z okoljem; – enhancing environmental performance;
– obvladuje ali vpliva na način, kako se – controlling or influencing the way the
izdelki in storitve organizacije z vidika organization’s products and services are
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SIST EN ISO 14001 : 2015
življenjskega cikla snujejo, izdelujejo, designed, manufactured, distributed,
razdeljujejo, porabijo in odstranjujejo, kar consumed and disposed by using a life
lahko prepreči, da bi bili vplivi na okolje cycle perspective that can prevent
znotraj življenjskega cikla nenamerno environmental impacts from being
preusmerjeni drugam; unintentionally shifted elsewhere within the
life cycle;
– dosega finančne in delovne koristi zaradi – achieving financial and operational benefits
izvajanja drugačnih, okolju prijaznih that can result from implementing
postopkov, ki utrjujejo tržni položaj environmentally sound alternatives that
organizacije; strengthen the organization’s market
position;
– relevantnim zainteresiranim stranem – communicating environmental information
sporočajo informacije o okolju. to relevant interested parties.
Ta mednarodni standard, kot tudi drugi This International Standard, like other
mednarodni standardi, niso namenjeni temu, da International Standards, is not intended to
bi povečali ali spremenili zakonske zahteve increase or change an organization’s legal
organizacije. requirements.
0.3 Dejavniki uspeha 0.3 Success factors
Uspeh sistema ravnanja z okoljem je odvisen The success of an environmental management
od zavezanosti na vseh ravneh in funkcijah v system depends on commitment from all levels
organizaciji, z najvišjim vodstvom na čelu. and functions of the organization, led by top
Organizacije lahko izkoristijo priložnosti za management. Organizations can leverage
preprečitev ali ublažitev neugodnih vplivov na opportunities to prevent or mitigate adverse
okolje in povečanje ugodnih vplivov na okolje, environmental impacts and enhance beneficial
zlasti tistih s strateškim in konkurenčnim environmental impacts, particularly those with
pomenom. Najvišje vodstvo lahko z vključitvijo strategic and competitive implications. Top
ravnanja z okoljem v svoje poslovne procese, management can effectively address its risks
strateško usmeritev in odločanje uspešno and opportunities by integrating environmental
obravnava svoja tveganja in priložnosti, s tem management into the organization’s business
da jih uskladi z drugimi prednostnimi poslovnimi processes, strategic direction and decision
cilji in vključi ravnanje z okoljem v celotni sistem making, aligning them with other business
vodenja organizacije. Prikaz uspešnega priorities, and incorporating environmental
izvajanja tega mednarodnega standarda se governance into its overall management
lahko uporabi za zagotavljanje zainteresiranim system. Demonstration of successful
stranem, da ima organizacija uspešen sistem implementation of this International Standard
ravnanja z okoljem. can be used to assure interested parties that an
effective environmental management system is
in place.
Privzem tega mednarodnega standarda pa sam Adoption of this International Standard,
po sebi še ne zagotavlja optimalnih okoljskih however, will not in itself guarantee optimal
rezultatov. Uporaba tega mednarodnega environmental outcomes. Application of this
standarda se lahko od organizacije do International Standard can differ from one
organizacije razlikuje zaradi konteksta organization to another due to the context of the
organizacije. Dve organizaciji lahko izvajata organization. Two organizations can carry out
podobne dejavnosti, a imata različne similar activities but can have different
obveznosti glede skladnosti, zaveze v svoji compliance obligations, commitments in their
okoljski politiki, okoljske tehnologije in ciljev v environmental policy, environmental
zvezi z učinkom ravnanja z okoljem, pa vendar technologies and environmental performance
obe izpolnjujeta zahteve tega mednarodnega goals, yet both can conform to the requirements
standarda. of this International Standard.
Stopnja podrobnosti in kompleksnosti sistema The level of detail and complexity of the
ravnanja z okoljem se bo razlikovala odvisno od environmental management system will vary
konteksta organizacije, obsega njenega depending on the context of the organization,
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SIST EN ISO 14001 : 2015
sistema ravnanja z okoljem, njenih obveznosti the scope of its environmental management
glede skladnosti ter narave njenih dejavnosti, system, its compliance obligations, and the
izdelkov in storitev, vključno z njenimi okoljskimi nature of its activities, products and services,
vidiki in z njimi povezanimi vplivi na okolje. including its environmental aspects and
associated environmental impacts.
0.4 Model planiraj-izvedi-preveri-ukrepaj 0.4 Plan-Do-Check-Act model
Podlaga za pristop, na katerem temelji sistem The basis for the approach underlying an
ravnanja z okoljem, je koncept planiraj-izvedi- environmental management system is founded
preveri-ukrepaj (PDCA). Model PDCA on the concept of Plan-Do-Check-Act (PDCA).
zagotavlja ponavljajoč proces, ki ga The PDCA model provides an iterative process
organizacije uporabljajo, da bi dosegle nenehno used by organizations to achieve continual
izboljševanje. Uporabi se lahko v sistemu improvement. It can be applied to an
ravnanja z okoljem in pri vsakem posameznem environmental management system and to
elementu tega sistema. Na kratko se lahko each of its individual elements. It can be briefly
opiše takole: described as follows.
– Planiraj: vzpostavi okoljske cilje in – Plan: establish environmental objectives
procese, ki so potrebni za doseganje and processes necessary to deliver results
rezultatov, v skladu z okoljsko politiko in accordance with the organization’s
organizacije. environmental policy.
– Izvedi: izvedi planirane procese. – Do: implement the processes as planned.
– Preveri: nadzoruj in meri procese glede na – Check: monitor and measure processes
okoljsko politiko, vključno z njenimi against the environmental policy, including its
zavezami, okoljskimi cilji in kriteriji commitments, environmental objectives and
delovanja, ter poročaj o rezultatih. operating criteria, and report the results.
– Ukrepaj: izvajaj ukrepe za nenehno – Act: take actions to continually improve.
izboljševanje.
Slika 1 kaže, kako bi se okvir, uveden v tem Figure 1 shows how the framework introduced
mednarodnem standardu, lahko vključil v model in this International Standard could be
PDCA, kar lahko novim in obstoječim integrated into a PDCA model, which can help
uporabnikom pomaga pri razumevanju new and existing users to understand the
pomembnosti sistemskega pristopa. importance of a systems approach.
Notranji in Potrebe in
zunanji Kontekst organizacije pričakovanja
dejavniki zainteresiranih strani
Obseg sistema ravnanja z okoljem
Planiranje
Podpora in
Izboljševanje
Voditeljstvo
delovanje
Vrednotenje
učinka
Predvideni rezultati
sistema ravnanja z
okoljem
Slika 1: Razmerje med PDCA in okvirom v Figure 1 – Relationship between PDCA and
tem mednarodnem standardu the framework in this International Standard
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...
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
oSIST prEN ISO 14001:2014
01-oktober-2014
Sistemi ravnanja z okoljem - Zahteve z navodili za uporabo (ISO/DIS 14001)
Environmental management systems - Requirements with guidance for use (ISO/DIS
14001)
Umweltmanagementsysteme - Anforderungen mit Anleitung zur Anwendung (ISO/DID
14001)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN ISO 14001 rev
ICS:
13.020.10 Ravnanje z okoljem Environmental management
oSIST prEN ISO 14001:2014 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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oSIST prEN ISO 14001:2014
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oSIST prEN ISO 14001:2014
DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARD
ISO/DIS 14001
ISO/TC 207/SC 1 Secretariat: BSI
Voting begins on: Voting terminates on:
2014-08-28 2014-11-28
Environmental management systems — Requirements
with guidance for use
Systèmes de management environnemental — Exigences et lignes directrices pour son utilisation
ICS: 13.020.10
ISO/CEN PARALLEL PROCESSING
This draft has been developed within the International Organization for
Standardization (ISO), and processed under the ISO lead mode of collaboration
as defined in the Vienna Agreement.
This draft is hereby submitted to the ISO member bodies and to the CEN member
bodies for a parallel five month enquiry.
Should this draft be accepted, a final draft, established on the basis of comments
received, will be submitted to a parallel two-month approval vote in ISO and
THIS DOCUMENT IS A DRAFT CIRCULATED
formal vote in CEN.
FOR COMMENT AND APPROVAL. IT IS
THEREFORE SUBJECT TO CHANGE AND MAY
NOT BE REFERRED TO AS AN INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD UNTIL PUBLISHED AS SUCH.
To expedite distribution, this document is circulated as received from the
IN ADDITION TO THEIR EVALUATION AS
committee secretariat. ISO Central Secretariat work of editing and text
BEING ACCEPTABLE FOR INDUSTRIAL,
composition will be undertaken at publication stage.
TECHNOLOGICAL, COMMERCIAL AND
USER PURPOSES, DRAFT INTERNATIONAL
STANDARDS MAY ON OCCASION HAVE TO
BE CONSIDERED IN THE LIGHT OF THEIR
POTENTIAL TO BECOME STANDARDS TO
WHICH REFERENCE MAY BE MADE IN
Reference number
NATIONAL REGULATIONS.
ISO/DIS 14001:2014(E)
RECIPIENTS OF THIS DRAFT ARE INVITED
TO SUBMIT, WITH THEIR COMMENTS,
NOTIFICATION OF ANY RELEVANT PATENT
RIGHTS OF WHICH THEY ARE AWARE AND TO
©
PROVIDE SUPPORTING DOCUMENTATION. ISO 2014
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oSIST prEN ISO 14001:2014
ISO/DIS 14001:2014(E)
Copyright notice
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ii © ISO 2014 – All rights reserved
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oSIST prEN ISO 14001:2014
ISO/DIS 14001:2014
Contents Page
Foreword . v
0 Introduction . vi
0.1 Background . vi
0.2 Aim of an environmental management system . vi
0.3 Success factors . vii
0.4 Plan, Do, Check and Act approach . vii
0.5 Contents of this International Standard . viii
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Context of the organization . 6
4.1 Understanding the organization and its context . 6
4.2 Understanding the needs and expectations of interested parties . 6
4.3 Determining the scope of the environmental management system . 6
4.4 Environmental management system . 7
5 Leadership . 7
5.1 Leadership and commitment . 7
5.2 Environmental policy . 8
5.3 Organizational roles, responsibilities and authorities . 8
6 Planning. 8
6.1 Actions to address risk associated with threats and opportunities . 8
6.1.1 General . 8
6.1.2 Significant environmental aspects . 9
6.1.3 Compliance obligations . 9
6.1.4 Risk associated with threats and opportunities. 9
6.1.5 Planning to take action . 10
6.2 Environmental objectives and planning to achieve them . 10
6.2.1 Environmental objectives . 10
6.2.2 Planning actions to achieve environmental objectives . 10
7 Support . 11
7.1 Resources . 11
7.2 Competence . 11
7.3 Awareness . 11
7.4 Communication . 11
7.4.1 General . 11
7.4.2 Internal communication . 12
7.4.3 External communication . 12
7.5 Documented information . 12
7.5.1 General . 12
7.5.2 Creating and updating . 12
7.5.3 Control of documented information . 13
8 Operation . 13
8.1 Operational planning and control . 13
8.2 Emergency preparedness and response . 14
9 Performance evaluation . 14
9.1 Monitoring, measurement, analysis and evaluation . 14
9.1.1 General . 14
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9.1.2 Evaluation of compliance . 15
9.2 Internal audit . 15
9.3 Management review . 15
10 Improvement . 16
10.1 Nonconformity and corrective action . 16
10.2 Continual improvement . 17
Annex A (informative) Guidance on the use of this International Standard. 18
A.0 General . 18
A.1 Scope . 18
A.2 Normative references . 18
A.3 Terms and definitions . 18
A.4 Context of the organization . 19
A.4.1 Understanding the context of the organization . 19
A.4.2 Understanding the needs and expectations of interested parties . 20
A.4.3 Scope of the environmental management system . 20
A.4.4 Environmental management system . 21
A.5 Leadership . 21
A.5.1 Leadership and commitment . 21
A.5.2 Environmental policy . 21
A.5.3 Organizational roles, responsibilities and authorities . 22
A.6 Planning . 22
A.6.1 Actions to address risk associated with threats and opportunities . 22
A.6.2 Environmental objectives and planning to achieve them . 25
A.7 Support . 26
A.7.1 Resources . 26
A.7.2 Competence . 26
A.7.3 Awareness . 26
A.7.4 Communication . 26
A.7.5 Documented information . 27
A.8 Operation . 27
A.8.1 Operational planning and control . 27
A.8.2 Emergency preparedness and response . 28
A.9 Performance evaluation . 28
A.9.1 Monitoring, measurement, analysis and evaluation . 28
A.9.2 Internal audit . 29
A.9.3 Management review . 30
A.10 Improvement . 30
A.10.1 Nonconformity and corrective action . 30
A.10.2 Continual improvement . 30
Annex B (informative) Correspondence between ISO/DIS 14001:2014 and ISO 14001:2004. 31
Annex C (informative) Alphabetical index of terms in Clause 3 . 34
Bibliography . 35
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Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies
(ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described
in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the different types of
ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the
ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent
rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of
patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity assessment,
as well as information about ISO's adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT)
see the following URL: Foreword - Supplementary information. The committee responsible for this document
is Technical Committee ISO/TC 207, Environmental management, Subcommittee SC 1, Environmental
management systems.
This third edition will cancel and replace the second edition (ISO 14001:2004), which has been technically
revised.
NOTE TO THIS TEXT (which will not be included in the published International Standard):
This text has been prepared using the a high level structure, identical core text, and common terms with core
definitions, designed to benefit users implementing multiple ISO management system standards, as set out in
Annex SL, Appendix 2 of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1, Consolidated ISO Supplement, 2014.
The text of Annex SL is shown in the main body of the text (Clauses 1 to 10) by the use of black font. All other
text is shown in blue font. This is only to facilitate analysis and will not be incorporated in the final version of
ISO 14001.
1
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2 0 Introduction
3 0.1 Background
4 Achieving a balance between environmental, social and economic sub-systems within the global system is
5 considered essential in order to meet the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future
6 generations to meet their needs. This concept of the ‘three pillars’ of sustainability is the goal of sustainable
7 development.
8 Societal expectations for sustainable development, transparency and accountability have evolved within the
9 context of increasingly stringent legislation, growing pressures on the environment from pollution, and the
10 inefficient use of resources, management of waste, climate change and degradation of eco-systems and
11 biodiversity.
12 This has led organizations to adopt a systematic approach to environmental management by implementing
13 environmental management systems with the aim to contribute to the ‘environmental pillar’ of sustainability.
14 0.2 Aim of an environmental management system
15 The purpose of this International Standard is to provide organizations with a systematic framework to protect
16 the environment and respond to changing environmental conditions in balance with socio-economic needs. It
17 does so by specifying requirements for an environmental management system that enables an organization to
18 enhance environmental performance by:
19 developing and implementing an environmental policy and objectives;
20 identifying aspects of its activities, products and services that can result in significant environmental
21 impacts;
22 establishing systematic processes which consider its context, and take into account its significant
23 environmental aspects, risk associated with threats and opportunities and its compliance obligations;
24 increasing awareness of its relationship with the environment;
25 establishing operational controls to manage its significant environmental aspects and compliance
26 obligations;
27 evaluating environmental performance and taking actions, as necessary.
28 A systematic approach to environmental management can provide top management with information to build
29 success over the long term and create options for contributing to sustainable development by:
30 protecting the environment by preventing or reducing adverse impacts on the environment;
31 mitigating the potential adverse impact of environmental conditions on the organization;
32 assisting in conforming to compliance obligations;
33 enhancing environmental performance;
34 controlling or influencing the way the organization's products and services are designed, manufactured,
35 distributed, consumed and disposed by using a life cycle perspective that can prevent environmental
36 burdens from being inadvertently shifted elsewhere within the cycle;
37 achieving financial and operational benefits that can result from implementing environmentally sound
38 alternatives that strengthen the organization’s market position;
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39 communicating environmental information to relevant interested parties.
40 0.3 Success factors
41 The success of an environmental management system depends on commitment from all levels and functions
42 of the organization, led by top management. They can leverage opportunities to reduce or eliminate
43 environmental impacts, particularly those with strategic and competitive implications. Top management can
44 effectively address these opportunities by integrating environmental management into its business processes,
45 strategy and decision making, aligning them with other business priorities, and incorporating environmental
46 governance into its overall management system. Demonstration of successful implementation of this
47 International Standard can be used to assure interested parties that an appropriate environmental
48 management system is in place.
49 Adoption of this International Standard, however, will not in itself guarantee optimal environmental outcomes.
50 Two organizations can carry out similar activities but may have different compliance obligations,
51 environmental policy commitments, environmental technologies in use and environmental performance goals,
52 yet both can conform to the requirements of this International Standard.
53 The level of detail and complexity, the extent of documentation and the resources needed for an
54 environmental management system will depend on a number of factors, such as the organization’s context, its
55 size and location, its compliance obligations, the scope of the system, and the nature of its activities, products
56 and services, including its environmental aspects and potential impacts.
57 0.4 Plan, Do, Check and Act approach
58 The basis for the approach underlying an environmental management system is founded on the Shewhart
59 concept of Plan, Do, Check and Act (PDCA) made popular by Deming. The PDCA model demonstrates an
60 iterative process used by organizations to achieve continual improvement. It can be applied to a management
61 system and to each of its individual elements. It can be briefly described as follows.
62 Plan: establish objectives and processes necessary to deliver results in accordance with the
63 organization’s policy.
64 Do: implement the processes as planned.
65 Check: monitor and measure processes against the policy, including its commitments, objectives and
66 operational controls, and report the results.
67 Act: take actions to continually improve.
68 This International Standard incorporates the PDCA concept into a new framework, as shown in Figure 1.
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69
70 Figure 1 — Environmental management system model for this International Standard
71 0.5 Contents of this International Standard
72 This International Standard includes revisions to meet environmental challenges facing organizations and
73 provide value to both new and existing users. It also includes revisions to conform to ISO’s requirements for
1)
74 management system standards . These requirements include a high level structure, identical core text, and
75 common terms with core definitions, designed to benefit users implementing multiple ISO management
76 system standards.
77 The body of this International Standard, Clauses 1 through 10, contains the requirements used to assess
78 conformity. Annex A provides informative explanations to prevent misinterpretation of ISO/DIS 14001:2014
79 requirements. Annex B identifies broad technical correspondence between the previous edition of this
80 International Standard (ISO 14001:2004) and this edition. Implementation guidance on environmental
2)
81 management systems is included in ISO 14004 .
1) See the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1, Consolidated ISO Supplement, Procedures specific to ISO, Fifth edition, 2014,
Annex SL, Appendices 2 and 3.
2) Revision of ISO 14004 is ongoing.
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82 Environmental management systems — Requirements with
83 guidance for use
84 1 Scope
85 This International Standard specifies the requirements of an environmental management system for
86 organizations seeking to establish, implement, maintain and continually improve a framework with the aim to
87 manage its environmental responsibilities in a manner that contributes to the ‘environmental pillar’ of
88 sustainability.
89 The intended outcomes of an environmental management system provide value for the environment, the
90 organization and its interested parties. Consistent with the organization's environmental policy, the intended
91 outcomes of an environmental management system include:
92 enhancement of environmental performance;
93 conforming to compliance obligations;
94 fulfilment of environmental objectives.
95 This International Standard is applicable to any organization regardless of size, type and nature and applies to
96 the environmental aspects that the organization determines it can either control or can influence considering a
97 life cycle perspective. It does not state specific environmental performance criteria, nor does it increase or
98 change an organization’s legal obligations.
99 This International Standard can be used in whole or in part to improve environmental management, but all the
100 requirements are intended to be incorporated into an environmental management system and fulfilled, without
101 exclusion, if an organization claims it complies with this International Standard.
102 2 Normative references
103 No normative references are cited. This clause is included to maintain clause numbering alignment with other
104 ISO management system standards.
105 3 Terms and definitions
106 For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
107 3.1
108 organization
109 person or group of people that has its own functions with responsibilities, authorities and relationships to
110 achieve its objectives (3.16)
111 Note 1 to entry: The concept of organization includes, but is not limited to sole-trader, company, corporation, firm,
112 enterprise, authority, partnership, charity or institution, or part or combination thereof, whether incorporated or not, public
113 or private.
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114 3.2
115 top management
116 person or group of people who directs and controls an organization (3.1) at the highest level
117 Note 1 to entry: Top management has the power to delegate authority and provide resources within the organization.
118 Note 2 to entry: If the scope of the management
...
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