SIST EN 45545-2:2020
(Main)Railway applications - Fire protection on railway vehicles - Part 2: Requirements for fire behavior of materials and components
Railway applications - Fire protection on railway vehicles - Part 2: Requirements for fire behavior of materials and components
This part of EN 45545 specifies the reaction to fire performance requirements for materials and products used on railway vehicles as defined in EN 45545-1.
The operation and design categories defined in EN 45545-1 are used to establish hazard levels that are used as the basis of a classification system.
For each hazard level, this part specifies the test methods, test conditions and reaction to fire performance requirements.
It is not within the scope of this European Standard to describe measures that ensure the preservation of the vehicles in the event of a fire.
Bahnanwendungen - Brandschutz in Schienenfahrzeugen - Teil 2: Anforderungen an das Brandverhalten von Materialien und Komponenten
Dieses Dokument legt die Brandschutzanforderungen an Werkstoffe und Komponenten für Schienenfahrzeuge nach EN 45545-1 fest.
Die Betriebs- und Bauartklassen nach EN 45545-1 werden verwendet, um die Gefährdungsstufen (en: Hazard Level; HL) zu ermitteln, nach denen sich die Anforderungen des Klassifizierungssystems orientieren.
Für jede Gefährdungsstufe legt dieser Teil die Prüfmethoden, Prüfbedingungen und die Anforderungen an das Brandverhalten fest.
Maßnahmen, die die Erhaltung der Fahrzeuge im Brandfall sicherstellen, gehören nicht zum Anwendungsbereich dieses Dokuments.
Applications ferroviaires - Protection contre les incendies dans les véhicules ferroviaires - Partie 2: Exigences du comportement au feu des matériaux et des composants
Cette partie de l’EN 45545 spécifie les exigences de performance de réaction au feu pour les matériaux et produits utilisés à bord de véhicules ferroviaires telles que définies dans l’EN 45545-1.
Les catégories d’exploitation et de conception définies dans l’EN 45545-1 sont utilisées pour établir les niveaux de risque servant de base au système de classification.
Pour chaque niveau de risque, cette partie spécifie les méthodes d’essai, les conditions d’essai, et les exigences de performance de réaction au feu.
Il n’est pas dans le champ d’application de la présente Norme européenne de décrire les mesures de protection des véhicules lors d’un incendie.
Železniške naprave - Požarna zaščita na železniških vozilih - 2. del: Zahteve za obnašanje materialov in sestavnih delov v požaru
General Information
Relations
Frequently Asked Questions
SIST EN 45545-2:2020 is a standard published by the Slovenian Institute for Standardization (SIST). Its full title is "Railway applications - Fire protection on railway vehicles - Part 2: Requirements for fire behavior of materials and components". This standard covers: This part of EN 45545 specifies the reaction to fire performance requirements for materials and products used on railway vehicles as defined in EN 45545-1. The operation and design categories defined in EN 45545-1 are used to establish hazard levels that are used as the basis of a classification system. For each hazard level, this part specifies the test methods, test conditions and reaction to fire performance requirements. It is not within the scope of this European Standard to describe measures that ensure the preservation of the vehicles in the event of a fire.
This part of EN 45545 specifies the reaction to fire performance requirements for materials and products used on railway vehicles as defined in EN 45545-1. The operation and design categories defined in EN 45545-1 are used to establish hazard levels that are used as the basis of a classification system. For each hazard level, this part specifies the test methods, test conditions and reaction to fire performance requirements. It is not within the scope of this European Standard to describe measures that ensure the preservation of the vehicles in the event of a fire.
SIST EN 45545-2:2020 is classified under the following ICS (International Classification for Standards) categories: 13.220.20 - Fire protection; 45.060.01 - Railway rolling stock in general. The ICS classification helps identify the subject area and facilitates finding related standards.
SIST EN 45545-2:2020 has the following relationships with other standards: It is inter standard links to SIST EN 45545-2:2013+A1:2015, SIST EN 45545-2:2020+A1:2023, SIST EN 45545-2:2020/kFprA1:2023, SIST EN 45545-2:2013+A1:2015. Understanding these relationships helps ensure you are using the most current and applicable version of the standard.
SIST EN 45545-2:2020 is associated with the following European legislation: EU Directives/Regulations: 2008/57/EC, 2016/797/EU; Standardization Mandates: M/483. When a standard is cited in the Official Journal of the European Union, products manufactured in conformity with it benefit from a presumption of conformity with the essential requirements of the corresponding EU directive or regulation.
You can purchase SIST EN 45545-2:2020 directly from iTeh Standards. The document is available in PDF format and is delivered instantly after payment. Add the standard to your cart and complete the secure checkout process. iTeh Standards is an authorized distributor of SIST standards.
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-oktober-2020
Nadomešča:
SIST EN 45545-2:2013+A1:2015
Železniške naprave - Požarna zaščita na železniških vozilih - 2. del: Zahteve za
obnašanje materialov in sestavnih delov v požaru
Railway applications - Fire protection on railway vehicles - Part 2: Requirements for fire
behavior of materials and components
Bahnanwendungen - Brandschutz in Schienenfahrzeugen - Teil 2: Anforderungen an das
Brandverhalten von Materialien und Komponenten
Applications ferroviaires - Protection contre les incendies dans les véhicules ferroviaires
- Partie 2: Exigences du comportement au feu des matériaux et des composants
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 45545-2:2020
ICS:
13.220.20 Požarna zaščita Fire protection
45.060.01 Železniška vozila na splošno Railway rolling stock in
general
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
EN 45545-2
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
August 2020
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 13.220.20; 45.060.01 Supersedes EN 45545-2:2013+A1:2015
English Version
Railway applications - Fire protection on railway vehicles -
Part 2: Requirements for fire behavior of materials and
components
Applications ferroviaires - Protection contre les Bahnanwendungen - Brandschutz in
incendies dans les véhicules ferroviaires - Partie 2: Schienenfahrzeugen - Teil 2: Anforderungen an das
Exigences du comportement au feu des matériaux et Brandverhalten von Materialien und Komponenten
des composants
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 22 June 2020.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and
United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2020 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 45545-2:2020 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
Contents Page
European foreword . 3
Introduction . 8
1 Scope . 9
2 Normative references . 9
3 Terms and definitions . 10
4 Requirements . 11
4.1 Essential fire safety objectives . 11
4.2 General . 11
4.3 Grouping rules . 13
4.4 Listed products . 15
4.5 Non-listed products . 21
4.6 Refurbishment and maintenance requirements . 22
4.7 Products to be approved on functional necessity . 23
4.8 Set of material requirements . 23
5 Test properties . 31
5.1 Summary of test methods. 31
5.2 Modifications on test methods used in 5.1 . 36
5.3 Testing rules . 37
6 Evaluation of conformity . 39
Annex A (normative) Protocol for test specimen preparation in standard tests. 40
A.1 Protocol for specimen preparation for tests according to EN ISO 5659-2 and
ISO 5660-1 . 40
A.2 Protocol for specimen preparation of upholstered furniture assembled products for
tests according to EN ISO 5659-2 and ISO 5660-1 . 40
A.3 Protocol for test specimen preparation for flame spread testing . 41
Annex B (informative) Product classification guidance . 42
B.1 Introduction . 42
B.2 Multiple product classification . 42
B.3 Test requirement set grouped for multiple product classifications . 43
Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential
Requirements of Directive (EU) 2016/797 aimed to be covered . 47
Bibliography . 49
European foreword
This document (EN 45545-2:2020) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 256 “Railway
applications”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by February 2021, and conflicting national standards shall
be withdrawn at the latest by February 2021.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document supersedes EN 45545-2:2013+A1:2015.
This series of European Standards Railway applications — Fire protection on railway vehicles consists of:
— Part 1: General;
— Part 2: Requirements for fire behaviour of materials and components;
— Part 3: Fire resistance requirements for fire barriers;
— Part 4: Fire safety requirements for railway rolling stock design;
— Part 5: Fire safety requirements for electrical equipment including that of trolley buses, track guided
buses and magnetic levitation vehicles;
— Part 6: Fire control and management systems;
— Part 7: Fire safety requirements for flammable liquid and flammable gas installations.
The main changes from EN 45545-2:2013+A1:2015 are:
— integration of the new test standards:
— deletion of Annexes A and B and reference to EN 16989;
— now, EN 16989 is given in Clause 2, Normative references;
— in Table 2, EN 16989 appears for F1 product;
— in Table 5, modification of R18 requirement to be in accordance with EN 16989;
— in Table 5, adding of footnote d to be in accordance with EN 16989;
— deletion of Annex C and reference to EN 17084;
— now, EN 17084 is given in Clause 2, Normative references;
— in Table 5, EN 17084 is now the reference instead of EN ISO 5659-2 : 50 kWm- for the
parameter CIT ;
G
— in Clause 2, Normative references, new standards appear:
— EN 16989, Railway applications — Fire protection on railway vehicles — Fire behaviour test
for a complete seat;
— EN 17084, Railway applications — Fire protection on railway vehicles — Toxicity test of
materials and components;
— EN 60695-1-40, Fire hazard testing — Part 1-40: Guidance for assessing the fire hazard of
electrotechnical products — Insulating liquids (IEC 60695-1-40);
— and standards were deleted:
— EN 60584-1, Thermocouples — Part 1: Reference tables;
— EN ISO 6507-3, Metallic materials — Vickers hardness test — Part 3: Calibration of reference
blocks (ISO 6507-3);
— ISO/TR 9705-2, Reaction-to-fire tests — Full-scale room tests for surface products — Part 2:
Technical background and guidance;
— ISO 11054, Cutting tools — Designation of high-speed steel groups;
— ISO 19702, Toxicity testing of fire effluents — Guidance for analysis of gases and vapours in
fire effluents using FTIR gas analysis;
— NF X70-100-1, Fire tests — Analysis of gaseous effluents — Part 1: methods for analysing gases
stemming from thermal degradation;
— NF X70-100-2, Fire tests — Analysis of gaseous effluents — Part 2: tubular furnace thermal
degradation method;
— in Clause 3, Terms and definitions, adding of :
— ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following
addresses:
— IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at http://www.iso.org/obp
— some initial changes based on the return of experience:
— 4.2.a, adding of « laminated glass where the internal organic layers are not exposed and the
percentage mass of organic material is less than or equal to 6 %. »;
— 4.2.e, modification « a product, other than an electric cable:
— meeting a requirement at two different thicknesses with identical formulation and density
(of each layer), shall be considered to comply with the requirement at all intermediate
thicknesses. A product meeting a requirement at the maximum testable thickness shall be
considered to comply with the requirement at greater thicknesses;
— meeting a requirement at two different densities, shall be considered to comply with the
requirement at all intermediate densities. The material with a differing density shall have
identical formulation and thickness. »;
— 4.2.g, adding of « or with substrates representative of the end use condition in accordance with
5.3 »;
— 4.2.h, adding of two new bullet points:
— the technical cabinet contains only mechanical or low power electrical equipment. The
cabinet sheets are closed and made of aluminium, steel or glass. The enclosed volume
is ≤ 0,1 m . Covered openings (e.g. by connectors or switches) are acceptable;
— the technical cabinet sheet material is made of aluminium or steel and the enclosed volume
is ≤ 0,5 m . For any individual surface of the cabinet, the total area of all openings in that
surface shall be less than 1/1000 of the nominal surface area;
— 4.2.j, modification « for organic coatings applied to non-metallic surfaces, the full specified test
requirements of chapters 4.3 till 4.5 are mandatory; »
— 4.2.k, modification « for organic coatings applied to products conforming to 4.2 a), ISO 5658-2 or
EN ISO 9239-1 flame spread tests shall be carried out, but other test requirements such as heat
release, smoke emission and toxic gas emission tests are not required if the nominal coating
thickness, including any surfacing filler for exterior products is < 0,3 mm, or for interior products
the nominal thickness of organic coating is < 0,15 mm; »
— 4.3 : modifications:
4.3.1 General
Products compliant to Table 2 or Table 3 are excluded from the grouping assessment.
No requirements apply to products with a combustible mass of ≤ 10g in touching contact only
with a product compliant to Table 2 and Table 3.
To assess products within the grouping rules the following parameters have to be considered.
Products shall be assessed within the grouping rules if:
— the exposed area of each product is ≤ 0,2 m ; and
— the combustible mass of each product is > 10 g or they are in touching contact with another
unclassified combustible product; and
— the horizontal distance is ≤ 20 mm and the vertical distance is ≤ 200 mm to a combustible
product not assessed to Table 2, Table 3 or R24 according to rule 2; and
— they are not fully separated by a product compliant with the fire integrity requirement of
5.3.7.
The combustible masses of the products in this group shall be summed. The assessment process
described in 4.3.2 to 4.3.4 is visualized in the flow chart in Figure 1.
4.3.2 Rule 1
If the total combustible mass of the grouped products is
— ≤ 100 g for interior grouped products;
or
— ≤ 400 g for exterior grouped products;
no requirements apply to the products of this group.
This principle also applies to single products that meet the requirements of 4.3.1.
4.3.3 Rule 2
If the total combustible mass of the grouped products exceeds the limits stated in Rule 1, but
— ≤ 500 g for interior grouped products;
or
— ≤ 2000 g for exterior grouped products;
one combustible product of this group has to be tested according to R24.
If this product is compliant to R24 it shall not be considered for further assessment of this group.
The remaining products in this group shall be assessed starting with 4.3.1 again.
This principle also applies to single products that exceed the mass limits of Rule 1.
4.3.4 Rule 3
If the combustible mass of the grouped products exceed the limits stated in Rule 2, one product
of the group shall be tested according to the requirements of non-listed products given in 4.5,
Table 3.
If this product is compliant to the requirements of Table 3 it shall not be considered for further
assessment of this group. The remaining products in this group shall be assessed starting with
4.3.1.
This principle also applies to single products that exceed the mass limits of Rule 2;
— the flow chart given in Figure 1 is modified to be consistent with the text of 4.3;
— 4.4: listed products is now containing 28 requirements;
— in Table 5, requirement R27 is new and applied for EX13 products (new category defined in Table 2);
— in Table 5, requirement R28 is new and applied with 5.3.1.2;
— in Table 5, new requirement is given for EL9 products : R24 or R25 or R26;
— in Table 2, EL10 products are now named « low power electro technical and electronic products »;
— in Table 5, add of footnotes b, c and d;
— adding of a note below Table 5 to introduce new Annex B;
— in Table 6, modification of standards references as explained in Clause 2, Normative references, in
particular :
— in Table 6, modification of T06.01 to be in accordance with EN 16989;
— in Table 6, add of T06.02 to be in accordance with EN 16989;
— in Table 6, add of T06.03 to be in accordance with EN 16989;
— in Table 6, modification of T11.01 to be in accordance with EN 17084;
— in Table 6, modification of T11.02 to be in accordance with EN 17084;
— in Table 6, modification of T12 to be in accordance with EN 17084;
— 5.2.2 modification to be in accordance with EN 16989;
— 5.3.2 modification of the paragraph;
— 5.3.3 adding of this paragraph;
— 5.3.4 adding of this paragraph;
— Annex A is the previous Annex D;
— Annex B is new and presents a product classification guidance;
— editorial changes due to the revision:
— Introduction;
— European Foreword;
— Annex ZA;
— Bibliography.
This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the
European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of Directive (EU) 2016/797.
For relationship with Directive (EU) 2016/797, see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of
this document.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia,
Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland,
Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of North
Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United
Kingdom.
Introduction
EN 45545-2 has been developed from existing fire safety regulations for railway vehicles from the
International Union of Railways (UIC) and different European countries.
In using the operation and design categories defined in EN 45545-1, the requirements laid down in this
part take into account the current operating conditions for European public rail transport.
1 Scope
This document specifies the reaction to fire performance requirements for materials and products used
on railway vehicles as defined in EN 45545-1.
The operation and design categories defined in EN 45545-1 are used to establish hazard levels that are
used as the basis of a classification system.
For each hazard level, this part specifies the test methods, test conditions and reaction to fire
performance requirements.
It is not within the scope of this document to describe measures that ensure the preservation of the
vehicles in the event of a fire.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 13238:2010, Reaction to fire tests for building products - Conditioning procedures and general rules for
selection of substrates
EN 13501-1:2018, Fire classification of construction products and building elements - Part 1: Classification
using data from reaction to fire tests
EN 16989:2018, Railway applications - Fire protection on railway vehicles - Fire behaviour test for a
complete seat
EN 17084:2018, Railway applications - Fire protection on railway vehicles - Toxicity test of materials and
components
EN 45545-1:2013, Railway applications - Fire protection on railway vehicles - Part 1: General
EN 45545-3:2013, Railway applications - Fire protection on railway vehicles - Part 3: Fire resistance
requirements for fire barriers
EN 45545-5:2013+A1:2015, Railway applications - Fire protection on railway vehicles - Part 5: Fire safety
requirements for electrical equipment including that of trolley buses, track guided buses and magnetic
levitation vehicles
EN 50264:2008 (series), Railway applications — Railway rolling stock power and control cables having
special fire performance
EN 50305:2002, Railway applications - Railway rolling stock cables having special fire performance - Test
methods
EN 50306:2002 (series), Railway applications — Railway rolling stock cables having special fire
performance
EN 50382:2008 (series), Railway applications — Railway rolling stock high temperature power cables
having special fire performance
EN 60332-1-2:2004, Tests on electric and optical fibre cables under fire conditions - Part 1-2: Test for
vertical flame propagation for a single insulated wire or cable - Procedure for 1 kW pre-mixed flame
EN IEC 60332-3-24:2018, Tests on electric and optical fibre cables under fire conditions — Part 3-24: Test
for vertical flame spread of vertically-mounted bunched wires or cables — Category C (IEC 60332-3-24)
EN 60695-1-40:2014, Fire hazard testing - Part 1-40: Guidance for assessing the fire hazard of
electrotechnical products - Insulating liquids
EN 60695-2-11:2014, Fire hazard testing - Part 2-11: Glowing/hot-wire based test methods - Glow-wire
flammability test method for end-products (GWEPT) (IEC 60695-2-11:2014)
EN 60695-11-10:2013, Fire hazard testing - Part 11-10: Test flames - 50 W horizontal and vertical flame
test methods (IEC 60695-11-10:2013)
EN 61034-1:2005, Measurement of smoke density of cables burning under defined conditions - Part 1: Test
apparatus (IEC 61034-1:2005)
EN 61034-2:2005, Measurement of smoke density of cables burning under defined conditions - Part 2: Test
procedure and requirements (IEC 61034-2:2005)
EN ISO 1182:2010, Reaction to fire tests for products - Non-combustibility test (ISO 1182:2010)
EN ISO 1716:2018, Reaction to fire tests for products - Determination of the gross heat of combustion
(calorific value) (ISO 1716:2018)
EN ISO 4589-2:2017, Plastics - Determination of burning behaviour by oxygen index - Part 2: Ambient-
temperature test (ISO 4589-2:2017)
EN ISO 5659-2:2017, Plastics - Smoke generation - Part 2: Determination of optical density by a single-
chamber test (ISO 5659-2:2017)
EN ISO 9239-1:2010, Reaction to fire tests for floorings - Part 1: Determination of the burning behaviour
using a radiant heat source (ISO 9239-1:2010)
EN ISO 11925-2:2010, Reaction to fire tests - Ignitability of products subjected to direct impingement of
flame - Part 2: Single-flame source test (ISO 11925-2:2010)
EN ISO 12952-2:2010, Textiles - Assessment of the ignitability of bedding items - Part 2: Ignition source:
match-flame equivalent (ISO 12952-2:2010)
ISO 5658-2:2006, Reaction to fire tests — Spread of flame — Part 2: Lateral spread on building and
transport products in vertical configuration
ISO 5660-1:2015, Reaction-to-fire tests — Heat release, smoke production and mass loss rate — Part 1:
Heat release rate (cone calorimeter method) and smoke production rate (dynamic measurement)
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN 45545-1:2013 apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at http://www.iso.org/obp
4 Requirements
4.1 Essential fire safety objectives
The design of rolling stock and the products used shall have the objective of limiting fire development
should an ignition event occur so that an acceptable level of safety is achieved.
If the objectives defined in Clause 4 of EN 45545-1:2013 are met, then there can be a high probability that
in the event of a fire, passengers and staff will be able to escape from the fire unaided and be able to reach
a place of safety.
Hazard levels (HL1 to HL3) have been determined using the relation between operation categories and
design categories defined in EN 45545-1, as described in Table 1. Hazard levels are used in Table 5 for
Material Fire Safety requirement classification.
Table 1 — Hazard level classification
Operation Design category
category
N: A: D: S:
Standard vehicles Vehicles forming part Double decked Sleeping and
of an automatic train vehicle couchette vehicles
having no emergency
trained staff on board
1 HL1 HL1 HL1 HL2
2 HL2 HL2 HL2 HL2
3 HL2 HL2 HL2 HL3
4 HL3 HL3 HL3 HL3
4.2 General
The following principles are applicable to all products:
a) products which comply with the highest level of reaction to fire performance and therefore need no
further testing are:
— products classified A1 according to EN 13501-1;
— all products described in commission decision 96/603/EC (as amended);
— laminated glass where the internal organic layers are not exposed and the percentage mass of
organic material is less than or equal to 6 %.
b) products classified A2 – s1, d0 according to EN 13501-1 are considered compliant with regard to
flame spread, heat release and smoke emission requirements only. The toxic emissions limit shall
satisfy the requirements of R1 HL3 (CIT < 0,75);
c) electrical cables which satisfy the fire safety requirements of EN 50306, EN 50264 or EN 50382 are
considered to satisfy the requirements of R15 and R16 for the corresponding hazard level (no further
testing required);
d) electric cables meeting a requirement at two different diameters with identical formulations shall be
considered to comply with the requirement at all intermediate diameters;
e) a product, other than an electric cable:
— meeting a requirement at two different thicknesses with identical formulation and density (of
each layer), shall be considered to comply with the requirement at all intermediate thicknesses.
A product meeting a requirement at the maximum testable thickness shall be considered to
comply with the requirement at greater thicknesses;
— meeting a requirement at two different densities, shall be considered to comply with the
requirement at all intermediate densities. The material with a differing density shall have
identical formulation and thickness.
f) a test which qualifies any product or surface shall also qualify any product or surface which differs
in colour and/or pattern;
g) multi-layer products shall be tested in the end use condition or with substrates representative of the
end use condition in accordance with 5.3;
h) mechanical or electrical products contained in a technical cabinet do not need to be assessed if:
— the technical cabinet satisfies the requirements of integrity criterion E10, based on the
definitions described in EN 45545-1 and EN 45545-3 and the enclosed volume is ≤ 2 m ;
— or the technical cabinet satisfies the requirements of integrity criterion E15 and insulation
criterion I15 for surfaces adjacent to passenger area and staff area and integrity criterion E15
for other surfaces, based on the definitions described in EN 45545-1 with no volume limitations;
— or the technical cabinet is protected by an automatic fire detection and fire extinguishing system;
— or the technical cabinet contains only mechanical or low power electrical equipment. The cabinet
sheets are closed and made of aluminium, steel or glass. The enclosed volume is ≤ 0,1 m .
Covered openings (e.g. by connectors or switches) are acceptable;
— or the technical cabinet sheet material is made of aluminium or steel and the enclosed volume
is ≤ 0,5 m . For any individual surface of the cabinet, the total area of all openings in that surface
shall be less than 1/1000 of the nominal surface area;
i) all coating systems shall be tested in the end use condition. This means inclusion of levelling fillers
at a thickness estimated for the mean end use application, primers and finish coatings with the
specified coating thicknesses and number of layers;
j) for organic coatings applied to non-metallic surfaces, the full specified test requirements of chapters
4.3 till 4.5 are mandatory;
k) for organic coatings applied to products conforming to 4.2 a), ISO 5658-2 or EN ISO 9239-1 flame
spread tests shall be carried out, but other test requirements such as heat release, smoke emission
and toxic gas emission tests are not required if the nominal coating thickness, including any surfacing
filler for exterior products is < 0,3 mm, or for interior products the nominal thickness of organic
coating is < 0,15 mm;
l) if ISO 5658-2 is required as part of a requirement set, but the end use condition of a product does not
allow preparation of test specimens to the size defined in ISO 5658-2, then in the case of interior use,
R6 is applicable instead of the designated requirement set, and in the case of exterior use, R9 is
applicable instead of the designated requirement set;
m) if listed products are used in an application below the mass and area thresholds given in 4.3, they
may be treated as non-listed products.
4.3 Grouping rules
4.3.1 General
Products compliant to Table 2 or Table 3 are excluded from the grouping assessment.
No requirements apply to products with a combustible mass of ≤ 10 g in touching contact only with a
product compliant to Table 2 and Table 3.
To assess products within the grouping rules the following parameters have to be considered.
Products shall be assessed within the grouping rules if:
— the exposed area of each product is ≤ 0,2 m ; and
— the combustible mass of each product is > 10 g or they are in touching contact with another
unclassified combustible product; and
— the horizontal distance is ≤ 20 mm and the vertical distance is ≤ 200 mm to a combustible product
not assessed to Table 2, Table 3 or R24 according to rule 2; and
— they are not fully separated by a product compliant with the fire integrity requirement of 5.3.7.
The combustible masses of the products in this group shall be summed. The assessment process
described in 4.3.2 to 4.3.4 is visualized in the flow chart in Figure 1.
4.3.2 Rule 1
If the total combustible mass of the grouped products is
— ≤ 100 g for interior grouped products;
or
— ≤ 400 g for exterior grouped products;
no requirements apply to the products of this group.
This principle also applies to single products that meet the requirements of 4.3.1.
4.3.3 Rule 2
If the total combustible mass of the grouped products exceeds the limits stated in Rule 1, but
— ≤ 500 g for interior grouped products;
or
— ≤ 2000 g for exterior grouped products;
one combustible product of this group shall be tested according to R24.
If this product is compliant to R24 it shall not be considered for further assessment of this group. The
remaining products in this group shall be assessed starting with 4.3.1 again.
This principle also applies to single products that exceed the mass limits of Rule 1.
4.3.4 Rule 3
If the combustible mass of the grouped products exceeds the limits stated in Rule 2, one product of the
group shall be tested according to the requirements of non-listed products given in 4.5, Table 3.
If this product is compliant to the requirements of Table 3 it shall not be considered for further
assessment of this group. The remaining products in this group shall be assessed starting with 4.3.1.
This principle also applies to single products that exceed the mass limits of Rule 2.
Figure 1 — Assessment process – Grouping rules
4.4 Listed products
The reaction to fire performance requirements of materials and components depend on their intrinsic
nature but also:
— on the location of the materials or components within the design;
— on the shape and the layout of the materials;
— on the surface exposed and the relative mass and the thickness of the materials.
It is on this basis that the listed products have been classified and further differentiated into subgroups
as follows:
— their general location (interiors or exteriors);
— their specific use (furniture, electro technical equipment or mechanical equipment).
Within the sub groupings, for each of the listed products, a set of requirements has been given which
defines the ability of products to contain fire development to an appropriate degree considering the
location, the exposed surfaces, their geometry and general disposition. Examples of different products
are: ceiling panelling, floor composites, interior lighting, curtains, external body shell walls and underside
and parts of the drive and suspension system.
The requirement sets for listed products are given in Table 2 and are designated R1 to R28. The content
of each requirement set is listed in Table 5.
When assessing a passenger area seat design, results from all applicable F1 tests (F1, F1A, F1B, F1C, F1D,
F1E) are required for complete validation.
The column “Details” shows relationships to special requirements e.g. sample preparation and/or fire
resistance.
Table 2 — Requirements of listed products
Product Name Details Require-
No ment
IN Interiors
IN1A Interior vertical surfaces Interior components (structure and covering) such R1
as side walls, front/end walls, partitions, room
dividers, flaps, boxes, hoods, louvres.
Interior doors, interior lining of the front/end wall
doors and external doors.
Windows (including plastics and glazing)
Insulation material and interior surface of body
shell.
Kitchen interior surfaces (except those of kitchen
equipment).
IN1B Interior horizontal downward- Interior components (structure and coverings) R1
facing surfaces such as ceiling panelling, flaps, boxes, hoods,
louvres.
Insulation material and interior surface of body
shell.
IN1C Interior horizontal upwards-facing Interior components (structure and coverings) R10 or
surfaces such as flaps, boxes, hoods, louvres. R28
according
Insulation material and interior surface of body
to 5.3.1.2
shell.
Compliance with the requirements of R1 is also
considered to be compliant for this requirement.
IN1D Interior surfaces within cavities The surfaces may be horizontal or vertical. R1
IN1E External surfaces of enclosures Enclosures which are located inside the body shell R1
containing technical equipment
NOTE Fire resistance requirements may apply
to enclosures containing technical equipment – see
4.2 and EN 45545-3.
IN2 Limited surfaces 2 R2
— they shall have an area ≤ 0,2 m ;
— they shall have a maximum dimension in any
direction on the surface ≤ 1 m;
— they shall be separated from any other limited
surface or strip by a distance of R1 compliant
material greater than the dimension of the
limited surface, measured in the same
horizontal direction as the separation
direction.
IN3A Strips — they shall have a width ≤ 200 mm and be R3
separated from another limited surface or
strip by > 200 mm of R1 compliant material;
— they shall not have length limitation.
For example, vertical cover strips on walls.
IN3B Light diffusers For example, polycarbonate diffusers, light R4
coverings for lamps. Light units themselves and
indicators are not within the scope of IN3B.
Product Name Details Require-
No ment
IN4 Luggage storage areas Overhead luggage racks, vertical luggage racks, R1
luggage stacks, luggage containers and luggage
compartments.
IN5 Driver’s desk Panelling and surfaces of the driver’s desk R1
a
(excluding electrical components/equipment).
IN6A Interior surfaces of gangways Interior side of gangway membrane (bellows), R1
interior lining of the gangway, (except flooring).
Type A – For railway vehicles in
which there are no fire barriers at
both bulk head ends of the
gangway
IN6B Interior surfaces of gangways Interior side of gangway membrane (bellows), R7
interior lining of the gangway, (except flooring).
Type B – For railway vehicles in
which there are fire barriers at
both bulk head ends of the
gangway.
IN7 Window frames Window surround (including sealants and R1
gaskets).
IN8 Curtains and sunblind in passenger Curtains and sunblind except where they are R1
area and staff area, staff enclosed within a double glazed window.
compartments
IN9A Tables, folding table tops, and toilet All tables and toilet wash basins (including R2
wash basins. surrounds).
Type A – Upper surfaces
IN9B Tables, folding tables downward Bottom surface of a table, the exposed vertical sides R1
b of drop down tables or any surface of a folding table
facing surface
that may become a bottom surface.
Type B – Downward-surfaces
IN10 Containers Outer surface of water containers and air R2
containers.
IN11 Litter bins and ashtrays Inner and outer surfaces of litter bins and ashtrays. R1
IN12A Air ducts - Interior surfaces Interior surfaces of ducts which are installed on the R1
interior of the vehicle and from which air flows into
the vehicle interior.
IN12B Air ducts – Exterior surfaces Exterior surfaces of ducts which are installed in the R1
interior of the vehicle, but from which air flows into
the vehicle interior.
IN12C Air ducts on locomotives Exterior and interior surfaces of ducts, which are R7
located in technical areas and from which no air
flows to the passenger area and staff area of a
vehicle.
IN13 Air filters Materials for air filters used for equipment R5
ventilation, heating and air conditioning.
IN14 Devices for passenger information Information display screens in passenger areas, not R1
those in staff areas.
Products such as speakers, handsets and their
holders shall be considered as non-listed products
Product Name Details Require-
No ment
IN15 Floor composites The floor composites include the floor substrate R10 or
(together with any thermal insulation) and floor R28
covering (together with any fixings or adhesives according
applied in end use conditions). to 5.3.1.2
IN16 Interior seals Longitudinal seals such as window seals, door R22
joints and panel connections.
EX Exterior located products
EX1A Walls of external body shell Vertical parts of external structure of body shell R7
and door leaves (including paint/coating systems,
films and windows).
EX1B Cab housing or vehicle leading end Typically, the front of the train up to the cab R17
moulding – External surfaces partition (including paint/coating systems, films).
EX1C External surfaces of enclosures Enclosures which are located outside the body R7
containing technical equipment shell
EX2 Roof of external body shell External roof structure of the car body R8
(including paint/coating systems, films).
Compliance with the requirements of R7 is also
considered to be compliant for this requirement.
EX3 Under frame of external body shell External surfaces of under frame structure of the R7
body shell (floor) including paint and coating
systems (thermal, design and acoustic coating) and
protective floor panelling.
EX4A Exterior air ducts connected to the Interior surfaces of ducts which are installed on the R1
interior of the vehicle - interior exterior of the vehicle and from which air flows
surface into the vehicle interior.
EX4B Exterior ducts Exterior and interior surfaces of ducts which are R7
not in the scope of EX4A
EX5 External design features External design features (e.g. streamlining parts, R7
ventilation grills, flaps, skirts, coverings for HVAC
systems, enclosures, etc.)
EX6A Containers mounted in under Outer surfaces of water containers and air R7
frame containers which are positioned in the under
frame.
EX6B Containers mounted on roof Outer surfaces of water containers and air R8
containers which are positioned on the roof.
Compliance with the requirements of R7 are also
considered to be compliant to this requirement.
EX7 Exterior surfaces of gangways Outer membrane of intercommunication R7
gangways.
EX8 Bogie structure and parts The bogie structure shall include frames, spring R7
leaf guides and bolster.
EX9 Air bags for pneumatic suspension R9
EX10 Parts of the drive Wheel sets and brake discs. R9
EX11 Elastomeric tyres (e.g. rubber) R9
EX12 Exterior seals Longitudinal seals such as window seals, door R23
joints and panel connections
Product Name Details Require-
No ment
EX13 Light diffuser and display screen Head light and tail lights, cover of display screen R27
cover
F Furniture
F1 Complete upholstered seats in Complete passenger seat, including seat shell, R18
passenger areas upholstery, arm and head rests. Tip-up seats and
staff seats (if accessible to passengers) are also
included.
Details of seat tests (including the conditions for
vandalism testing) are given in EN 16989.
F1A Upholstery and head rests for seats Upholstery includes the trimming (e.g. suspension R21
in passenger areas system), flexible foam core, intermediate layers
(e.g. fire barrier, anti-vandal layer), seat covers (e.g.
base, back, side cover) and head rest upholstery.
Details of test specimen preparation are given in
Annex A.
F1B Armrests for seats in passenger The surface on which the arm rests shall be tested. R21
areas In addition, the downwards facing and vertical
surfaces in the normal operating position shall
comply with the requirements of 5.2.2.2 Fire
integrity.
Details of test specimen preparation are given in
Annex A.
F1C Seat shell - base in passenger areas The external surface of the base shell (including all R6
coatings or coverings) shall be tested.
Compliance with 5.2.2.2 Fire Integrity is also
required.
F1D Seat shell - back in passenger areas The external surface of the back shell (including all R6
coatings or coverings) shall be tested.
Compliance with 5.2.2.2 Fire Integrity is also
required.
F1E Removable head rests for seats in Removable head rests shall be tested as if they R21
passenger areas were loose cushions.
F1F Seats in passenger areas without All surfaces, outside the scope of F1C and F1D, R6
upholstery which support the seat user.
or (R18
and R21)
F2 Seats in staff areas Staff seat upholstery and supporting structure R19
(including the back/base shell) shall be tested
according to the following conditions:
— top surface of seat;
— back shell from external surface;
— external surface of base shell.
Test in the end use conditions referring to guidance
in Annex A.
If the fire integrity condition of 5.2.2.2 is
additionally met, then it is not necessary to test the
shell/upholstery composite from the shell face.
Whole seat is qualified if the requirement set R19
is met. No further tests required.
Product Name Details Require-
No ment
F3 Mattresses Details of test specimen preparation
...
The article discusses the SIST EN 45545-2:2020 standard, which focuses on fire protection in railway vehicles. It specifies the requirements for the fire behavior of materials and components used on these vehicles. The standard uses hazard levels determined by operation and design categories to establish a classification system. Each hazard level has specific test methods, test conditions, and reaction to fire performance requirements. However, the standard does not cover measures for preserving the vehicles in the event of a fire.
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