SIST EN 13693:2004
(Main)Precast concrete products - Special roof elements
Precast concrete products - Special roof elements
This standard identifies the requirements, the basic performance criteria and the evaluation of conformity for special precast roof elements made of reinforced or prestressed normal weight concrete, used for the construction of buildings, with or without separating function with respect to fire resistance.
NOTE The title of special roof elements refers to thin-walled structural elements with deformable transverse profile, such as folded plates, or shell elements, the intended use being specific for roofings with their typical loads. This type of elements combines the overall flexural behaviour along the main span with a complex distribution of in-plane forces and local moments.
Other types of elements can be used in roofing, such as ribbed units, floor slabs, ... . For these elements reference shall be made to their respective product standards.
Secondary structural components, possibly used in combination with the main roof elements, such as load bearing shuttering plates and shells, roof light frames, ..., shall refer to their respective product standard or technical approval.
The standard covers terminology, performance criteria, tolerances, relevant physical properties, test methods, and aspects of transport and erection.
This standard does not deal with seismic behaviour.
This standard does not cover load bearing capacity determined by testing.
Betonfertigteile - Besondere Fertigteile für Dächer
Dieses Dokument legt die Anforderungen, die grundlegenden Leistungskriterien und die Bewertung der Konformität für besondere Fertigteile für Dächer aus Stahl- oder Spannbeton fest, die im Hochbau mit oder ohne raumabschließende Funktion hinsichtlich des Feuerwiderstands eingesetzt werden.
ANMERKUNG Der Titel "besondere Fertigteile für Dächer" bezieht sich auf dünnwandige tragende Bauteile mit verformbarem Querschnitt, wie Faltwerke oder Schalen, wobei die vorgesehene Verwendung für Überdachungen mit deren typischen Belastungen charakteristisch ist. Diese Art von Fertigteilen vereint das Gesamtbiegeverhalten längs der Hauptstützweite mit einer in gegenseitigem Zusammenhang stehenden Verteilung von Scheibenkräften und örtlichen Momenten.
Für Dächer können auch andere Fertigteilarten verwendet werden, wie z. B. Deckenplatten mit Stegen, Deckenplatten, usw.. Für diese Fertigteile sind die entsprechenden Produktnormen heranzuziehen.
Ergänzungsbauteile für Tragwerke, die möglicherweise in Verbindung mit den Hauptfertigteilen für Dächer verwendet werden, wie z. B. tragende Fertigteilplatten und Schalen, Rahmen für Dachfenster usw., müssen sich auf die dafür geltende Produktnorm oder eine technische Zulassung beziehen.
In diesem Dokument werden Begriffe, Leistungskriterien, Toleranzen, die maßgebenden physikalischen Eigenschaften, Prüfverfahren und Aspekte von Transport und Montage festgelegt.
Dieses Dokument gilt nicht für das Verhalten bei Erdbeben.
Die durch Prüfung bestimmte Tragfähigkeit ist nicht Gegenstand dieses Dokumentes.
Produits préfabriqués en béton - Éléments spéciaux de toiture
La présente norme spécifie les prescriptions, les criteres relatifs aux performances de base et l'évaluation de la conformité pour les éléments préfabriqués de toiture spéciaux en béton de granulats courants armé ou précontraint, utilisés pour la construction de bâtiments, avec ou sans fonction de séparation liée a la résistance au feu.
NOTE Le titre «Éléments spéciaux de couverture» fait référence a des éléments structurels a parois minces avec des profils transversaux déformables, tels que des plaques plissées ou des éléments en coque, l'utilisation prévue étant spécifique aux toitures avec leurs charges type. Ce type d'éléments associe le comportement global en flexion le long de la portée principale avec une distribution complexe de forces coplanaires et de moments localisés.
D'autres types d'éléments peuvent etre utilisés en toitures, tels que des éléments nervurés, dalles de plancher, etc. Pour ces éléments, il doit etre fait référence aux normes de produits correspondantes.
Les composants structurels secondaires éventuellement utilisés en combinaison avec les éléments de toiture principaux, tels que des plaques et coques de coffrage portantes, structures pour éclairage zénithal, etc. doivent faire référence aux normes de produits correspondantes ou a leur agrément technique.
La présente norme couvre la terminologie, les criteres de performance, les tolérances, les propriétés physiques pertinentes, les méthodes d'essai et les aspects relatifs au transport et a la mise en ?uvre.
La présente norme ne traite pas du comportement sismique.
La présente norme ne couvre pas la capacité portante déterminée par essais.
Montažni betonski izdelki - Specialni strešni elementi
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Precast concrete products - Special roof elementsMontažni betonski izdelki - Specialni strešni elementiProduits préfabriqués en béton - Éléments spéciaux de toitureBetonfertigteile - Besondere Fertigteile für Dächer91.100.30Beton in betonski izdelkiConcrete and concrete products91.060.20StreheRoofsICS:SIST EN 13693:2004en,fr,deTa slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 13693:200401-oktober-2004SIST EN 13693:2004SLOVENSKI
STANDARD
EUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPÉENNEEUROPÄISCHE NORMEN 13693September 2004ICS 91.100.30 English versionPrecast concrete products - Special roof elementsProduits préfabriqués en béton - Éléments spéciaux decouvertureBetonfertigteile - Besondere Fertigteile für DächerThis European Standard was approved by CEN on 24 June 2004.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this EuropeanStandard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such nationalstandards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translationunder the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the officialversions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France,Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia,Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNGManagement Centre: rue de Stassart, 36
B-1050 Brussels© 2004 CENAll rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reservedworldwide for CEN national Members.Ref. No. EN 13693:2004: E
EN 13693:2004 (E)
2 Contents
The numbering of clauses is strictly related to EN 13369, Common rules for precast concrete products, at least for the first three digits. When a clause of EN 13369 is not relevant or included in a more general reference of this standard, its number is omitted and this may result in a gap on numbering
page Foreword.4 Introduction.6 1 Scope.7 2 Normative references.7 3 Terms and definitions.7 4 Requirements.7 4.1 Material requirements.7 4.2 Production requirements.8 4.2.1 Concrete production.8 4.2.2 Hardened concrete.8 4.2.3 Structural reinforcement.8 4.3 Finished product requirements.8 4.3.1 Geometrical properties.8 4.3.2 Surface characteristics.9 4.3.3 Mechanical resistance.10 4.3.4 Resistance and reaction to fire.10 4.3.5 Acoustic properties.10 4.3.6 Thermal properties.10 4.3.7 Durability.10 4.3.8 Other requirements.11 5 Test methods.11 5.1 Tests on concrete.11 5.2 Measuring of dimensions.11 5.3 Weight of the elements.12 5.4 Load test of elements.12 6 Evaluation of conformity.12 6.1 General.12 6.2 Type testing.12 6.3 Factory production control.12 7 Marking and labelling.13 8 Technical documentation.13 Annex A (informative)
Terminology of plate elements.14 A.1 Shell element.14 A.2 Main flexural behaviour.15 Annex B (informative)
Types of products.16 Annex C (informative)
Mechanical behaviour.24 C.1 General.24 C.2 Types of structural behaviour.24 C.2.1 General.24 C.2.2 Beam-like behaviour.24 C.2.3 Hyperstatic plate-systems behaviour.25 C.2.4 Isostatic plate-system behaviour.26 C.2.5 Singular structural systems.26
EN 13693:2004 (E) 3 C.2.6 Integrated structure-completion systems.26 C.3 Stability requirements.27 C.4 Supports and connections.28 Annex D (informative)
Serviceability and resistance verifications.29 D.1 Biaxial strength of concrete.29 D.2 Biaxial strength of shell element.30 D.2.1 General.30 D.2.2 Compressive strength of thin plates.30 D.2.3 Tensile strength of thin plates.30 D.2.4 Shear strength of thin plates.31 D.2.5 Flexural strength of thin plates.31 D.3 Global flexural strength of the cross section.32 Annex E (informative)
Flexural test of elements.33 E.1 General.33 E.2 Load test under service conditions - symmetrical loading.34 E.2.1 General.34 E.2.2 Settling cycle.34 E.2.3 First cycle.34 E.2.4 Second cycle.35 E.2.5 Interpretation of the results.35 E.3 Load test under service conditions - dissymmetrical loading.36 E.3.1 General.36 E.3.2 Third cycle.36 E.3.3 Fourth cycle.37 E.3.4 Interpretation of the results.37 E.4 Load test up to failure conditions.37 E.4.1 General.37 E.4.2 Final cycle.37 E.4.3 Interpretation of the results.38 Annex Y (Informative)
Choice of CE marking method.40 Y.1 General.40 Y.2 Method 1.40 Y.3 Method 2.40 Y.4 Method 3.40 Annex ZA (informative)
Clauses of this European Standard addressing essential requirements or other provisions of EU Directives.41 ZA.1 Scope and relevant characteristics.41 ZA.2 Procedure for attestation of conformity of precast prestressed concrete roof elements.42 ZA.2.1 System of attestation of conformity.42 ZA.2.2 EC Certificate and Declaration of conformity.43 ZA.3 CE marking and labelling.44 ZA.3.1 General.44 ZA.3.2 Declaration of geometrical data and material properties.45 ZA.3.3 Declaration of product properties.47 ZA.3.4 Declaration of compliance with a given design specification.50 Bibliography.52
EN 13693:2004 (E)
4 Foreword This document (EN 13693:2004) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 229 “Precast concrete products”, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by March 2005, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by June 2006. This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of Construction Products Directive (89/106/EEC) of European Union (EU). For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this document. This standard is one of a series of product standards for precast concrete products. For common aspects reference is made to EN 13369: Common rules for precast products, from which also the relevant requirements of the EN 206-1: Concrete - Part 1: Specification, performances, production and conformity are taken. The references to EN 13369 by CEN/TC229 product standards are intended to make them homogeneous and to avoid repetitions of similar requirements. Eurocodes are taken as a common reference for design aspects. The installation of some structural precast concrete products is dealt with by ENV 13670-1: Execution of concrete structures – Part 1: Common rules, which has at the moment the status of an European prestandard. In all countries it can be accompanied by alternatives for national application and it shall not be treated as a European Standard. The programme of standards for structural precast concrete products comprises the following standards, in some cases consisting of several parts: EN 1168, Precast concrete products - Hollow core slabs prEN 12794, Precast concrete products - Foundation piles EN 12843, Precast concrete products - Masts and poles EN 13224, Precast concrete products - Ribbed floor elements EN 13225, Precast concrete products - Linear structural elements EN 13693, Precast concrete products - Special roof elements prEN 13747, Precast concrete products - Floor plates for floor systems prEN 13978, Precast concrete products - Precast concrete garages prEN 14843, Precast concrete products – Stairs prEN 14844, Precast concrete products - Box culverts prEN 14991, Precast concrete products - Foundation elements prEN 14992, Precast concrete products - Wall elements: Products properties and performances
EN 13693:2004 (E) 5 prEN 15037, Precast concrete products - Beams for beam-and-block floor systems This standard defines in Annex ZA the application methods of CE marking to products designed using the relevant EN Eurocodes (EN 1992-1-1 and EN 1992-1-2). Where, in default of applicability conditions of EN Eurocodes to the works of destination, design Provisions other than EN Eurocodes are used for mechanical strength and/or fire resistance, the conditions to affix CE marking to the product are described in ZA.3.4. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EN 13693:2004 (E)
6 Introduction The evaluation of conformity given in this standard refers to the completed precast elements which are supplied to the market and covers all the production operations carried out in the factory. For design rules and resistance to fire principal reference is made to EN 1992-1-1 and EN 1992-1-2. Additional complementary rules are provided where necessary. In Clause 4.3.3 and 4.3.4 this document includes specific provisions resulting from the application of EN 1992-1-1 and EN 1992-1-2 rules to the concerned product. The use of these provisions is consistent with a design of works made with EN 1992-1-1 and EN 1992-1-2.
EN 13693:2004 (E) 7 1 Scope This document identifies the requirements, the basic performance criteria and the evaluation of conformity for special precast roof elements made of reinforced or prestressed normal weight concrete, used for the construction of buildings, with or without separating function with respect to fire resistance. NOTE The title of special roof elements refers to thin-walled structural elements with deformable transverse profile, such as folded plates, or shell elements, the intended use being specific for roofings with their typical loads. This type of elements combines the overall flexural behaviour along the main span with a complex distribution of in-plane forces and local moments. Other types of elements can be used in roofing, such as ribbed units, floor slabs, . . For these elements reference shall be made to their respective product standards. Secondary structural components, possibly used in combination with the main roof elements, such as load bearing shuttering plates and shells, roof light frames, ., shall refer to their respective product standard or technical approval. This document covers terminology, performance criteria, tolerances, relevant physical properties, test methods, and aspects of transport and erection. This document does not deal with seismic behaviour. This document does not cover load bearing capacity determined by testing. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 1990:2002, Eurocode: Basis of structural design. EN 1992-1-1:2004, Eurocode 2: Design of concrete structures - Part 1-1: General rules and rules for buildings. EN 1992-1-2:2004, Eurocode 2: Design of concrete structures - Part
1-2: General rules - Structural fire design. EN 13369:2004, Common rules for precast concrete products. 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN 13369:2004 and the following apply.
NOTE 1 See also Annex A. NOTE 2 Annex B gives a review of common types of special precast prestressed concrete roof elements together with some related terminology. 4 Requirements 4.1 Material requirements For general aspects, constituent materials of concrete, reinforcing and prestressing steel, inserts and connections, the relevant clauses of EN 13369:2004 4.1 shall apply. In particular the ultimate tensile and tensile yield strength of steel shall be considered.
EN 13693:2004 (E)
8 4.2 Production requirements 4.2.1 Concrete production Clause 4.2.1 of EN 13369:2004 shall apply. In particular the compressive strength of concrete shall be considered. 4.2.2 Hardened concrete Clause 4.2.2 of EN 13369:2004 shall apply. 4.2.3 Structural reinforcement In addition to Clause 4.2.3 of EN 13369:2004, the following specific rules shall apply. Special care shall be given to ensure a stable positioning of reinforcement in the thin slabs (t ≤ 100 mm). For welded meshes and isolated bars in thin slabs, concrete covers against formworks shall be ensured by a sufficiently dense distribution of spacers. Access of workers, as well as concrete casting and compacting, shall be made in such a way so to avoid displacements and deformations of steel reinforcement with respect to the intended positioning and shapes. 4.3 Finished product requirements 4.3.1 Geometrical properties 4.3.1.1 Production tolerances The following values of production tolerances shall be used. The values are expressed in mm and refer to the measure described in Figure 1. Tolerances refer to the deviations with respect to the design (nominal) values indicated in project documentation (inclusive of possible cambers). Measurement Tolerance Values (mm) Width "b" and short measurements (b ≤ 2 500) ± ∆b 12 + b/140 Thickness "t" of thin flanges and plates (t ≤ 150) + ∆t − ∆t 10 5 Total depth "h" of any cross section (h < 2 500) ± ∆h 12 + h/140
Bow horizontal mis- alignment of lateral edges ± ε L/700 Camber “v” in vertical plane ± ∆v L/700 For the length "L" and the reinforcement placing "c", the corresponding permitted deviation ∆L and ∆c are given in 4.3.1.1 of EN 13369:2004. For the size of holes and openings 1,5 time the value of ∆b tolerance may be assumed. For the overall positioning of holes and inserts 1,5 time the values of ∆L and ∆b tolerances may be assumed. Other values may be given in project specifications.
EN 13693:2004 (E) 9 For prestressed elements 1,5 time the value of ∆v tolerance may be assumed; this includes the effects of prestressing tolerances. Other values may be given in project specifications. Although production tolerances can refer to any dimension of the element, it is sufficient to follow the Standard Method of checking specified in point 5.2.
Key 1 Vertical 2 Horizontal 3 Cross section Figure 1 — Measure of production tolerances 4.3.1.2 Minimum dimensions Clause 4.3.1.2 of EN 13369:2004 shall apply. 4.3.2 Surface characteristics For surface characteristics, 4.3.2 of EN 13369:2004 shall apply. NOTE In addition to the possible cracking expected from calculation, cracking can occur in roof elements from normal function in some particular areas, such as the end edges of the ribs, the intersection lines of the different plates, the corners around holes or other shape discontinuities. Provided the width and the extension of these cracks are limited and there are no structural consequences, a simple local filling may be applied to restore the surface appearance. Completion works of ready finished elements (such as painting, waterproofing, .) are not covered by this document.
EN 13693:2004 (E)
10 4.3.3 Mechanical resistance 4.3.3.1 General For requirements on mechanical strength Clause 4.3.3 of EN 13369:2004 (referring to EN 1990:2002, EN 1992-1-1:2004 and EN 1992-1-2-2004) shall apply, except 4.3.3.4 dealing with verification by testing. In particular, following 4.3.3.3 of EN 13369:2004, due to their structural arrangements with unusual design models, for the special roof elements dealt with in this standard, load tests up to failure on at least two full scale specimens of any type of product shall be performed before starting production (initial type testing – see 6.2) in order to verify the reliability of the design model assumed for calculation.
Specific additional information are given in informative Annex C and D. 4.3.3.2 Detailing Overlapped splices of reinforcement shall be located out of the areas where the full strength is needed for the resistance of the element. In any case they need a minimum dimension of the concrete section, defined by t ≥ 5 ds where
t is the minimum local thickness of the element, and
ds is the diameter of the overlapped bars (or wires). The minimum transverse spacing between two adjacent laps shall be ≥ 10 ds. 4.3.4 Resistance and reaction to fire 4.3.4.1 Resistance to fire Fire resistance, dealing with load-bearing capacity R, integrity E and insulation I of precast prestressed concrete roof elements, expressed in terms of classes, shall be defined following 4.3.4.1, 4.3.4.2 and 4.3.4.3 of EN 13369:2004. NOTE Normally, with respect to fire resistance, the separating function EI is not required for the elements of concern. 4.3.4.2 Reaction to fire For reaction to fire, 4.3.4.4 of EN 13369:2004 shall apply. 4.3.5 Acoustic properties When required, the relevant acoustic properties of roof elements shall be declared following Clause 4.3.5 of EN 13369:2004. 4.3.6 Thermal properties Reference shall be made to 4.3.6 of EN 13369:2004. 4.3.7 Durability Clause 4.3.7 of EN 13369:2004 shall apply.
EN 13693:2004 (E) 11 Referring to Table A.1 and Table A.2 of Annex A of EN 13369:2004, the upper surface of roof elements equipped with ready finished adherent covering is taken to be in ambient condition B, provided it is not specified otherwise. The same ambient condition B can be referred to for the internal surfaces in hollow or sandwich roof elements and for closed box roof elements (see Annex B), provided it is not specified otherwise. For plate parts (slab conditions of A.1 of EN 13369: 2004) of roof elements the concrete cover given for reinforcing and prestressing steel in slab geometry shall apply. 4.3.8 Other requirements 4.3.8.1 Safety in handling Clause 4.3.8.1 of EN 13369:2004 shall apply. 5 Test methods 5.1 Tests on concrete Clause 5.1 of EN 13369:2004 shall apply. 5.2 Measuring of dimensions The Standard Method of measuring the dimensions related to the production tolerances of 4.3.1.1 is specified below. Except for reinforcement position in the section, measurements are taken in the demoulded finished element. a) the total length “L” is taken following the special indications given in the technical specifications of the product. (By rule three readings are taken, one at each edge and one in a central position); b) the total width “b” is taken in correspondence of three cross sections, two near the ends and one at the midspan; c) the thicknesses “t” are taken at the same three cross sections of item b, in the critical positions of the slabs indicated by the technical specifications of the product (at least one for each lateral flange); d) the total depth “h” is taken (by proper outside collimator systems) in correspondence of the same three cross sections of
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