SIST-TS CEN/TS 16794-1:2019
(Main)Public transport - Communication between contactless readers and fare media - Part 1: Implementation requirements for ISO/IEC 14443
Public transport - Communication between contactless readers and fare media - Part 1: Implementation requirements for ISO/IEC 14443
This document constitutes the 3rd edition of CEN/TS 16794 1. It sets out the technical requirements to be met by contactless Public Transport (PT) devices in order to be able to interface together using the ISO/IEC 14443 series contactless communications protocol.
This document applies to PT devices:
- PT readers which are contactless fare management system terminals acting as a PCD contactless reader based on the ISO/IEC 14443 series;
- PT objects which are contactless fare media acting as a PICC contactless object based on the ISO/IEC 14443 series.
This edition addresses interoperability of consumer-market NFC mobile devices, compliant to NFC Forum specifications, with above mentioned PT devices, aligns with the 4th edition of the ISO/IEC 14443 series and maintains the possibility for PT readers to comply with the requirements from EMV Contactless Interface Specification [1] and the present document.
An interface–oriented test approach is used to evaluate the conformity of PT devices and is defined in CEN/TS 16794 2.
Application-to-application exchanges executed once contactless communication has been established at RF level fall outside the scope of this document. In line with the rules on independence between OSI protocol layers, this document works on the assumption that application-to-application exchanges are not contingent on the type of contactless communication established or the parameters used for the low-level protocol layers that serve as the platform for these application-to-application exchanges.
Öffentlicher Verkehr - Kommunikation zwischen berührungslosen Lesegeräten und Fahrscheinmedien - Teil 1: Implementierungsanforderungen zur ISO/IEC 14443
Transport Public - Système billettique interopérable - Communication entre terminaux et objets sans contact - Partie 1: Exigences d’implémentation pour l’ISO/IEC 14443
Javni prevoz - Komunikacija med brezkontaktnimi čitalniki/terminali in prevoznimi mediji - 1. del: Zahteve za izvajanje ISO/IEC 14443
Ta dokument predstavlja 3. izdajo standarda CEN/TS 16794 1. Določa tehnične zahteve, ki jih morajo izpolnjevati brezkontaktne naprave javnega prevoza (PT), da jim je omogočeno skupno delovanje s pomočjo brezkontaktnega komunikacijskega protokola skupine standardov ISO/IEC 14443.
Dokument se uporablja za naprave javnega prevoza:
– čitalnike javnega prevoza, ki so brezkontaktni terminali za prevozne medije in delujejo kot brezkontaktni čitalniki PCD na podlagi skupine standardov ISO/IEC 14443;
– predmete javnega prevoza, ki so brezkontaktni prevozni mediji, ki delujejo kot brezkontaktni predmet PICC na podlagi skupine standardov ISO/IEC 14443.
Ta izdaja obravnava interoperabilnost potrošniških mobilnih naprav NFC, ki so v skladu s specifikacijami foruma NFC, z zgoraj omenjenimi napravami javnega prevoza, je usklajena s četrto izdajo skupine standardov ISO/IEC 14443 in omogoča, da čitalniki javnega prevoza izpolnjujejo zahteve specifikacij brezkontaktnega vmesnika pri transakcijah EMV [1] in tega dokumenta.
Za ocenjevanje skladnosti naprav javnega prevoza se uporablja vmesniško usmerjen preskusni pristop, ki je opredeljen v standardu CEN/TS 16794 2.
Izmenjave med aplikacijami, ki so izvedene po vzpostavitvi brezkontaktne komunikacije na radiofrekvenčni stopnji, ne spadajo na področje uporabe tega dokumenta. V skladu s pravili o neodvisnosti med plastmi protokolov OSI ta dokument predpostavlja, da izmenjave med aplikacijami niso odvisne od vrste vzpostavljene brezkontaktne komunikacije ali parametrov, ki se uporabljajo za protokole nižjih plasti, ki služijo kot platforma za te izmenjave med aplikacijami.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST-TS CEN/TS 16794-1:2019
01-december-2019
Nadomešča:
SIST-TS CEN/TS 16794-1:2017
Javni prevoz - Komunikacija med brezkontaktnimi čitalniki/terminali in prevoznimi
mediji - 1. del: Zahteve za izvajanje ISO/IEC 14443
Public transport - Communication between contactless readers and fare media - Part 1:
Implementation requirements for ISO/IEC 14443
Öffentlicher Verkehr - Kommunikation zwischen berührungslosen Lesegeräten und
Fahrscheinmedien - Teil 1: Implementierungsanforderungen zur ISO/IEC 14443
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: CEN/TS 16794-1:2019
ICS:
35.240.15 Identifikacijske kartice. Čipne Identification cards. Chip
kartice. Biometrija cards. Biometrics
35.240.60 Uporabniške rešitve IT v IT applications in transport
prometu
SIST-TS CEN/TS 16794-1:2019 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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SIST-TS CEN/TS 16794-1:2019
CEN/TS 16794-1
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION
SPÉCIFICATION TECHNIQUE
October 2019
TECHNISCHE SPEZIFIKATION
ICS 35.240.15; 35.240.60 Supersedes CEN/TS 16794-1:2017
English Version
Public transport - Communication between contactless
readers and fare media - Part 1: Implementation
requirements for ISO/IEC 14443
Transport Public - Système billettique interopérable - Öffentlicher Verkehr - Kommunikation zwischen
Communication entre terminaux et objets sans contact berührungslosen Lesegeräten und Fahrscheinmedien -
- Partie 1: Exigences d'implémentation pour l'ISO/IEC Teil 1: Implementierungsanforderungen zur ISO/IEC
14443 14443
This Technical Specification (CEN/TS) was approved by CEN on 17 June 2019 for provisional application.
The period of validity of this CEN/TS is limited initially to three years. After two years the members of CEN will be requested to
submit their comments, particularly on the question whether the CEN/TS can be converted into a European Standard.
CEN members are required to announce the existence of this CEN/TS in the same way as for an EN and to make the CEN/TS
available promptly at national level in an appropriate form. It is permissible to keep conflicting national standards in force (in
parallel to the CEN/TS) until the final decision about the possible conversion of the CEN/TS into an EN is reached.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and
United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2019 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. CEN/TS 16794-1:2019 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
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Contents Page
European foreword . 4
1 Scope . 5
2 Normative references . 5
3 Terms and definitions . 6
4 Symbols and abbreviations . 7
5 Conformance . 7
6 Dual conformance of PT devices to the CEN/TS 16794 series and EMV Contactless
Interface Specification . 7
7 Interoperability of PT devices and NFC mobile devices . 8
7.1 Description of the “concept for interoperability” . 8
7.2 References for implementation and test of NFC mobile devices . 9
7.3 Limitations . 10
8 Requirements applicable to PT readers . 10
8.1 General . 10
8.2 Categories of PT reader. 10
8.2.1 General . 10
8.2.2 IFM reader . 10
8.2.3 Common reader . 12
8.3 Normative requirements applicable to PT readers . 12
8.4 Specific requirements applicable to PT readers . 13
8.5 Requirements on polling and recognizing contactless objects . 14
8.6 Performance requirements (informative) . 15
9 Requirements applicable to PT objects . 15
9.1 General . 15
9.2 Normative requirements applicable to PT objects . 15
9.3 Specific requirements applicable to PT objects . 15
9.4 Performance requirements (informative) . 16
10 Implementation characteristics . 16
10.1 General . 16
10.2 ICS for PT readers – PCD . 16
10.2.1 General . 16
10.2.2 PCD product description . 16
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10.2.3 PCD general technical characteristics . 17
10.2.4 PCD supported options . 17
10.2.5 PCD test parameters . 18
10.3 ICS for PT objects - PICC . 19
10.3.1 General . 19
10.3.2 PICC product description . 19
10.3.3 PICC general technical characteristics . 19
10.3.4 PICC supported options . 19
10.3.5 PICC test parameters . 20
11 Test conditions for PT reader and PT objects . 21
11.1 General . 21
11.2 Temperature . 21
11.3 Test conditions for PT readers . 22
11.3.1 General . 22
11.3.2 Initial positions template . 22
11.3.3 Test positions . 22
11.3.4 Test mode . 31
11.4 Test conditions for PT objects . 32
11.4.1 Test positions . 32
11.4.2 Test application . 33
Annex A (informative) Examples of polling sequences and scenarios . 35
Annex B (informative) Loopback interface for PT reader testing . 37
Bibliography . 38
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European foreword
This document (CEN/TS 16794-1:2019) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 278
“Intelligent transport systems”, the secretariat of which is held by NEN.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document supersedes CEN/TS 16794-1:2017.
This edition updates the requirements applicable to the contactless interface of PT readers and objects
to introduce interoperability with NFC mobile devices compliant to NFC Forum specifications.
According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the
following countries are bound to announce this Technical Specification: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria,
Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland,
Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of
North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the
United Kingdom.
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1 Scope
rd
This document constitutes the 3 edition of CEN/TS 16794-1. It sets out the technical requirements to
be met by contactless Public Transport (PT) devices in order to be able to interface together using the
ISO/IEC 14443 series (ISO/IEC 14443-1, ISO/IEC 14443-2, ISO/IEC 14443-3 and ISO/IEC 14443-4)
contactless communications protocol.
This document applies to PT devices:
— PT readers which are contactless fare management system terminals acting as a PCD contactless
reader based on the ISO/IEC 14443 series;
— PT objects which are contactless fare media acting as a PICC contactless object based on the
ISO/IEC 14443 series.
This edition addresses interoperability of consumer-market NFC mobile devices, compliant to NFC
Forum specifications, with above mentioned PT devices, aligns with the 4th edition of the
ISO/IEC 14443 series and maintains the possibility for PT readers to comply with the requirements
from EMV Contactless Interface Specification and the present document.
An interface–oriented test approach is used to evaluate the conformity of PT devices and is defined in
CEN/TS 16794-2.
Application-to-application exchanges executed once contactless communication has been established at
RF level fall outside the scope of this document. In line with the rules on independence between OSI
protocol layers, this document works on the assumption that application-to-application exchanges are
not contingent on the type of contactless communication established or the parameters used for the
low-level protocol layers that serve as the platform for these application-to-application exchanges.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
CEN/TS 16794-2, Public transport — Communication between contactless readers and fare media —
Part 2: Test plan for ISO/IEC 14443
ISO/IEC 10373-6, Identification cards — Test methods — Part 6: Proximity cards
ISO/IEC 14443 (all parts), Cards and security devices for personal identification — Contactless proximity
objects
EMV Level 1 Specifications for Payment Systems — EMV Contactless Interface Specification —
Version 3.0 March 2018
NFC Forum™ - NFC Analog Specification, Technical Specification - NFC Forum™- ANALOG 2.1 –
NFC Forum-TS-Analog-2.1 – August 2018 (or later)
NFC Forum™ - NFC Digital Specification, Technical Specification - NFC Forum™ - DIGITAL 2.1 –
NFC Forum-TS-Digital-2.1 – September 2018(or later)
NFC Forum™ - NFC Activity Specification, Technical Specification - NFC Forum™ - ACTIVITY 2.0 -
NFC Forum-TS-Activity-2.0 – April 2017 (or later)
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3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO/IEC 14443-1,
ISO/IEC 14443-2, ISO/IEC 14443-3, ISO/IEC 14443-4, ISO/IEC 10373-6 and the following apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
• ISO Online browsing platform: available at http://www.iso.org/obp
• IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/
3.1
Common reader
PT reader used in interoperable fare management system terminals with reduced performance
requirements
Note 1 to entry: See 8.2.
3.2
IFM reader
PT reader used in interoperable fare management system terminals
Note 1 to entry: See 8.2.
3.3
NFC mobile device
mobile device capable of near field communication that is offered in the consumer market and is used
by PT customers as a contactless object or a contactless reader
3.4
NFC mobile device in card emulation mode
mobile device used as a PT object
3.5
NFC mobile device in reader/writer mode
mobile device used as a PT reader
3.6
non ISO/IEC 14443-3 frame coding
frame using either:
— ISO/IEC 14443-2 Type A modulation, with coding different from REQA or WUPA; or
— ISO/IEC 14443-2 Type B modulation, with coding different from REQB or WUPB; or
— ISO/IEC 18092 modulation; or
— ISO/IEC 15693-2 modulation
3.7
PT device
PT reader or PT object
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3.8
PT object
ISO/IEC 14443 PICC specifically designed for the use in PT systems
3.9
PT reader
ISO/IEC 14443 PCD specifically designed for the use in PT systems
3.10
Reference PICC
Reference PICC (test card) as defined in test method ISO/IEC 10373-6
3.11
Test PCD assembly
Test PCD assembly (test reader) as defined in test method ISO/IEC 10373-6
4 Symbols and abbreviations
For the purposes of this document, the abbreviations given in the ISO/IEC 14443 series,
ISO/IEC 10373-6 and the following apply.
ICS Implementation Conformance Statements
NFC Near Field Communication
PT Public Transport
t Maximum Reference PICC time-to-detection
detect
5 Conformance
Conformance to this document carries a number of requisites:
— For a PT reader, to meet all the [Rdrnn] requirements listed herein that are applicable according to
the applicant's stated implementation characteristics (ICS), under the test conditions stipulated in
Clause 11 and following the PCD test plan set out in CEN/TS 16794-2.
— For a PT object, to meet all the [Objnn] requirements listed herein that are applicable according to
the applicant's stated implementation characteristics (ICS), under the test conditions stipulated in
Clause 11 and following the PICC test plan set out in CEN/TS 16794-2.
Conformance of NFC mobile devices is tested according to NFC Forum specifications and is out of scope
of this document.
The description of the certification or qualification processes to be carried out for demonstrating the
conformance of PT devices to CEN/TS 16794-1 is out of scope of this document.
6 Dual conformance of PT devices to the CEN/TS 16794 series and EMV
Contactless Interface Specification
In the current state of EMV Contactless Interface Specification and CEN/TS 16794 development, no
interoperability is warranted between EMV devices (compliant with EMV Contactless Interface
Specification) and PT devices (compliant with the CEN/TS 16794 series).
Consequently, when PT readers need to accept EMV media and PT objects, a dual conformance of PT
readers according to the CEN/TS 16794 series and EMV Contactless Interface Specification is required.
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Similarly, when PT objects need to be used with EMV payment terminal and PT readers, a dual
conformance of PT objects according to the CEN/TS 16794 series and EMV Contactless Interface
Specification is required.
EMV Contactless Interface Specification defines requirements that may be more restrictive than or
conflicting with the ones in the ISO/IEC 14443 series. When this is the case, some warnings are inserted
into the present document.
This document allows PT devices to comply with the requirements of EMV Contactless Interface
Specification and of CEN/TS 16794-1.
Table 1 summarizes how dual conformance of PT devices to the CEN/TS 16794 series and EMV
Contactless Interface Specification is managed.
Table 1 — Conformity and interoperability matrix for EMV Contactless Interface Specification
Contactless Objects
EMV cards
PT Objects
Specified and tested
Specified and tested according according to
to CEN/TS 16794 series EMV Contactless Interface
Specification
PT readers
(IFM readers and Common
Conformity based on the No interoperability
readers)
CEN/TS 16794 series warranted
Specified and tested according
to the CEN/TS 16794 series
Contactless
readers
EMV readers
Conformity based on EMV
Specified and tested according
No interoperability
Contactless Interface
to
warranted
Specification
EMV Contactless Interface
Specification
7 Interoperability of PT devices and NFC mobile devices
7.1 Description of the “concept for interoperability”
The contactless interface for NFC mobile devices follows the implementation and test specifications of
the NFC Forum as specified by the NFC Forum and referenced in GSMA TS.26 and TS.27.
The ISO/IEC 14443 series conformant contactless interface of PT devices is designed and tested
according to the rules set out in this document.
The concept for interoperability was established to synchronize the specifications for the contactless
interface of NFC mobile devices and those for the contactless interface of PT devices in order to:
— facilitate interoperability between NFC mobile devices and PT devices; and
— avoid unnecessary test and certification effort.
The NFC Forum conducted a comparison of NFC Forum Analog and Digital specifications with
ISO/IEC 14443 series and ISO/IEC 10373-6. Procedures that support correlation between results from
tests according to NFC Forum specifications and those according to ISO/IEC 10373-6 have been defined.
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The correlation is used to translate test results from the NFC Forum’s terminology into the
ISO/IEC 10373-6 method for describing the relevant parameters. This is the foundation for the
following characteristics of the concept for interoperability:
1) Development of PT devices and NFC mobile devices:
Despite the fact that different methods for describing the relevant parameters are used, this
document and the relevant implementation specifications from the NFC Forum can be
synchronized. The necessary alignment is conducted by a liaison between CEN TC278 and the NFC
Forum. By synchronizing the implementations’ specifications, interoperability is integrated into the
design processes of NFC mobile devices and PT devices and makes it a common feature for both
types of devices.
2) Test and certification of PT devices and NFC mobile devices:
Based on the concept for interoperability it is possible to judge if an NFC mobile device that went
through NFC Forum testing is interoperable with a PT device that complies with the ISO/IEC 14443
requirements set out in this document. Therefore, it will be sufficient evidence of interoperability to
test and certify ISO/IEC 14443 conformant PT devices according to CEN/TS 16794-2 and to test
and certify NFC mobile devices according to NFC Forum’s test and certification procedures.
The detailed methodology used to demonstrate the concept of interoperability between NFC Forum
compliant devices and ISO/IEC 14443 compliant devices is described in the NFC Forum™ document
describing the methodology used to demonstrate the concept of interoperability [4].
Table 2 summarizes how contactless communication can be ensured either via conformity testing
between PT readers and PT objects or via interoperability testing between PT devices and NFC mobile
devices.
Table 2 — Conformity and interoperability matrix for NFC Forum specifications
Contactless Objects
NFC mobile devices in
PT Objects card emulation mode
Specified and tested according Specified and tested
to the CEN/TS 16794 series according to NFC Forum
specifications
PT readers
(IFM readers and Common
Conformity based on the
readers)
Interoperability
CEN/TS 16794 series
Specified and tested according
Contactless
to the CEN/TS 16794 series
readers
NFC mobile devices in
reader/writer mode
Conformity based on
Interoperability
NFC Forum specifications
Specified and tested according
to NFC Forum specifications
7.2 References for implementation and test of NFC mobile devices
The applicable NFC Forum specifications for designing and testing the contactless communication of
NFC mobile devices are listed in Clause 2.
Conformance of NFC mobile devices to these specifications is a mandatory prerequisite to ensure
interoperability of NFC mobile devices with PT devices as presented in Table 2.
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7.3 Limitations
Only parameters, parameter settings or modes of operations that are relevant for PT use cases have
been regarded and synchronized for both NFC mobile and PT devices. These use cases are described in
the STA document “Documentation of Use Cases for NFC Mobile Devices in Public Transport” [1].
The following parameters, settings or modes are currently not covered by the synchronization of
specifications according to the concept for interoperability described in 7.1:
1. communication bit rates higher than 106 kbit/s;
2. peer-to-peer mode according to NFC Forum specifications;
3. ISO/IEC 18092 mode of communication;
4. ISO/IEC 15693 mode of communication.
8 Requirements applicable to PT readers
8.1 General
This clause sets out the requirements applicable to PT readers so that they can read contactless
objects, i.e. PT objects or NFC mobile devices in card emulation mode. In addition, PT readers can also
comply with the requirements from EMV Contactless Interface Specification and the present document.
The requirements described in 8.3, 8.4 and 8.5 are normative and mandatory to achieve
interoperability.
The requirement described in 8.6 is informative only, hence not necessary to achieve interoperability.
The requirements on PT readers are identified by a numbering format that reads [Rdrnn] where nn is
the number of the requirement.
This clause does not set out the requirements applicable to consumer market NFC mobile devices which
follow NFC Forum specifications and certification.
8.2 Categories of PT reader
8.2.1 General
This document reflects that PT reader requirements depend on particular use cases. Those for mobile
devices are documented in the STA document “Documentation of Use Cases for NFC Mobile Devices in
Public Transport”.
Therefore, two categories of PT readers are defined:
— IFM reader,
— Common reader.
All implementation requirements and tests that are necessary to achieve interoperability between PT
readers and PT objects are mandatory for both PT reader categories.
8.2.2 IFM reader
The first category, the “IFM reader”, covers use cases where performances (i.e. operating distance,
transaction time, etc.) are key. As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, the IFM reader shall offer an
operating range that covers the full scope of range A and range B defined in 11.3.3.2 and 11.3.3.4
respectively. All the test positions are defined in Table 4 and Table 5.
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Figure 1 — Range A test positions for IFM reader
Figure 2 —Range B test positions for IFM reader
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8.2.3 Common reader
The second category, the “Common reader“, is defined for scenarios that impose requirements on the
contactless interface such as minimization of cost or maximization of battery life of the PT reader. These
requirements have been derived from use cases from the following parts of the PT Operator’s system
implementation which are described in the STA document “Documentation of Use Cases for NFC Mobile
Devices in Public Transport”:
a) sales infrastructure;
b) customer’s home infrastructure;
c) mobile inspection terminals.
Some requirements given in this specification are adapted for Common readers.
As shown in Figure 3, the Common reader shall offer an operating range that covers a limited subset of
range A defined in 11.3.3.2. All the test positions are defined in Table 4.
Figure 3 — Range A test positions for Common reader
8.3 Normative requirements applicable to PT readers
[Rdr1] The PT reader shall meet the mandatory normative requirements for PCD defined in the
ISO/IEC 14443 series and associated ISO/IEC 10373-6 test methods standard.
NOTE 1 The PT reader is tested against the Reference PICCs 1, 2 and 3 only, corresponding to mandatory
classes 1, 2 and 3. No test is required with Reference PICCs 4, 5 and 6 corresponding to optional classes 4, 5 and 6.
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NOTE 2 There are no particular restrictions to PT readers for accepting contactless objects using the UID
values (Type A) or PUPI values (Type B) stipulated in the
...
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