SIST EN IEC 62840-1:2025
(Main)Electric vehicle battery swap system - Part 1: General and guidance (IEC 62840-1:2025)
Electric vehicle battery swap system - Part 1: General and guidance (IEC 62840-1:2025)
IEC 62840-1:2025 gives the general overview for battery swap systems, for the purposes of swapping batteries of electric road vehicles when the vehicle powertrain is turned off and when the battery swap system is connected to the supply network at standard supply voltages according to IEC 60038 with a rated voltage up to 1 000 V AC and up to 1 500 V DC.
This document is applicable for battery swap systems for EV equipped with one or more
– swappable battery systems (SBS), or
– handheld-swappable battery systems (HBS).
This document provides guidance for interoperability.
This document applies to
• battery swap systems supplied from on-site storage systems (for example buffer batteries etc),
• manual, mechanically assisted and automatic systems,
• battery swap systems intended to supply SBS/HBS having communication allowing to identify the battery system characteristics, and
• battery swap systems intended to be installed at an altitude of up to 2 000 m.
This document is not applicable to
• aspects related to maintenance and service of the battery swap station (BSS),
• trolley buses, rail vehicles and vehicles designed primarily for use off-road,
• maintenance and service of EVs,
• safety requirements for mechanical equipment covered by the ISO 10218 series,
• locking compartments systems providing AC socket-outlets for the use of manufacturer specific voltage converter units and manufacturer specific battery systems,
• electrical devices and components, which are covered by their specific product standards,
• any fix-installed equipment of EV, which is covered by ISO, and
• EMC requirements for on-board equipment of EV while connected to the BSS.
This first edition cancels and replaces the first edition of IEC TS 61280-1 published in 2016.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to IEC TS 61280-1:2016:
a) expanded scope to include handheld-swappable battery systems (HBS) and guidance on interoperability;
b) added definitions for "handheld-swappable battery system" (HBS) and expanded related terms such as "SBS/HBS coupler," "SBS/HBS charger," etc;
c) added classifications based on supply network characteristics, connection method, access and type of BSS;
d) added support for HBS, detailing the different compositions and workflows for type A (SBS) and type B (HBS) battery swap stations;
e) added requirements for functional interoperability, interface interoperability, data interoperability, operational interoperability, compatibility with legacy systems, and scalability;
f) added requirements for communication, protection against electric shock, specific requirements for accessories), cable assembly requirements, BSS constructional requirements, overload and short circuit protection, EMC, emergency switching or disconnect, marking and instructions;
g) expanded annex content, adding solutions for manual swapping stations for motorcycles with HBS and updating use cases.
Batteriewechselsysteme für Elektrofahrzeuge - Teil 1: Allgemeines und Leitfaden (IEC 62840-1:2025)
Système d’échange de batterie de véhicule électrique - Partie 1: Généralités et recommandations (IEC 62840-1:2025)
IEC 62840-1:2025 donne une vue d’ensemble des systèmes d’échange de batterie qui sont destinés à échanger les batteries des véhicules routiers électriques lorsque le groupe motopropulseur du véhicule est désactivé et que le système d’échange de batterie est raccordé au réseau d’alimentation à des tensions d’alimentation normales conformes à l’IEC 60038, avec une tension assignée allant jusqu’à 1 000 V en courant alternatif et jusqu’à 1 500 V en courant continu.
Le présent document s’applique aux systèmes d’échange de batterie pour VE équipés d’un ou de plusieurs systèmes suivants:
– systèmes de batterie échangeables (SBS);
– systèmes de batterie échangeables portatifs (HBS).
Le présent document fournit des recommandations pour l’interopérabilité.
Il s’applique
• Aux systèmes d’échange de batterie alimentés par des systèmes de stockage sur site (par exemple des batteries tampons, etc.).
• Aux systèmes manuels, assistés mécaniquement et automatiques.
• Aux systèmes d’échange de batterie destinés à alimenter des SBS/HBS dont la communication permet d’identifier les caractéristiques du système de batterie. et
• Aux systèmes d’échange de batterie destinés à être installés à une altitude inférieure ou égale à 2 000 m.
Le présent document ne s’applique pas
• Aux aspects liés à la maintenance et à l’entretien de la station d’échange de batterie (BSS).
• Aux trolleys bus, véhicules ferroviaires et véhicules principalement destinés à une utilisation tout terrain.
• À la maintenance et l’entretien des VE.
• Aux exigences de sécurité relatives aux équipements mécaniques couverts par la série ISO 10218.
• Aux systèmes à compartiments de verrouillage fournissant des socles de prise de courant alternatif pour l’utilisation d’unités de conversion de tension spécifiques à un fabricant et de systèmes de batterie spécifiques à un fabricant.
• Aux dispositifs et composants électriques couverts par leurs normes de produit spécifiques.
• Aux équipements fixes de VE couverts par l’ISO. et
• Aux exigences de CEM relatives aux équipements de VE embarqués connectés à la BSS
Sistem menjave baterij v električnih vozilih - 1. del: Splošno in smernice (IEC 62840-1:2025)
General Information
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-september-2025
Sistem menjave baterij v električnih vozilih - 1. del: Splošno in smernice (IEC
62840-1:2025)
Electric vehicle battery swap system - Part 1: General and guidance (IEC 62840-1:2025)
Batteriewechselsysteme für Elektrofahrzeuge - Teil 1: Allgemeines und Leitfaden (IEC
62840-1:2025)
Système d’échange de batterie de véhicule électrique - Partie 1: Généralités et
recommandations (IEC 62840-1:2025)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN IEC 62840-1:2025
ICS:
43.120 Električna cestna vozila Electric road vehicles
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
EUROPEAN STANDARD EN IEC 62840-1
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM June 2025
ICS 43.120
English Version
Electric vehicle battery swap system - Part 1: General and
guidance
(IEC 62840-1:2025)
Système d'échange de batterie de véhicule électrique - Batteriewechselsysteme für Elektrofahrzeuge - Teil 1:
Partie 1: Généralités et recommandations Allgemeines und Leitfaden
(IEC 62840-1:2025) (IEC 62840-1:2025)
This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 2025-06-04. CENELEC members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC
Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.
Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC
Management Centre or to any CENELEC member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the
same status as the official versions.
CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, the Czech Republic,
Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the
Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Türkiye and the United Kingdom.
European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization
Comité Européen de Normalisation Electrotechnique
Europäisches Komitee für Elektrotechnische Normung
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2025 CENELEC All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC Members.
Ref. No. EN IEC 62840-1:2025 E
European foreword
The text of document 69/1035/FDIS, future edition 1 of IEC 62840-1, prepared by TC 69 "Electrical
power/energy transfer systems for electrically propelled road vehicles and industrial trucks" was
submitted to the IEC-CENELEC parallel vote and approved by CENELEC as EN IEC 62840-1:2025.
The following dates are fixed:
• latest date by which the document has to be implemented at national (dop) 2026-06-30
level by publication of an identical national standard or by endorsement
• latest date by which the national standards conflicting with the (dow) 2028-06-30
document have to be withdrawn
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document has been prepared under a standardization request addressed to CENELEC by the
European Commission. The Standing Committee of the EFTA States subsequently approves these
requests for its Member States.
Any feedback and questions on this document should be directed to the users’ national committee. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found on the CENELEC website.
Endorsement notice
The text of the International Standard IEC 62840-1:2025 was approved by CENELEC as a European
Standard without any modification.
In the official version, for Bibliography, the following notes have to be added for the standard indicated:
IEC 60364 (series) NOTE Approved as HD 60364 (series)
IEC 61000 (series) NOTE Approved as EN IEC 61000 (series)
IEC 61851-1:2017 NOTE Approved as EN IEC 61851-1:2019 (not modified)
IEC 61851-21-2 NOTE Approved as EN IEC 61851-21-2
IEC 62840 (series) NOTE Approved as EN IEC 62840 (series)
IEC 62840-2 NOTE Approved as EN IEC 62840-2
ISO 10218 (series) NOTE Approved as EN ISO 10218 (series)
ISO 17409:2020 NOTE Approved as EN ISO 17409:2020 (not modified)
Annex ZA
(normative)
Normative references to international publications
with their corresponding European publications
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments)
applies.
NOTE 1 Where an International Publication has been modified by common modifications, indicated by (mod),
the relevant EN/HD applies.
NOTE 2 Up-to-date information on the latest versions of the European Standards listed in this annex is available
here: www.cencenelec.eu.
Publication Year Title EN/HD Year
IEC 60038 - IEC standard voltages EN 60038 -
IEC 61439-7 2022 Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear EN IEC 61439-7 2023
assemblies - Part 7: Assemblies for specific
applications such as marinas, camping sites,
market squares, electric vehicle charging stations
IEC 62368-1 - Audio/video, information and communication EN IEC 62368-1 -
technology equipment - Part 1: Safety
requirements
IEC 62840-1 ®
Edition 1.0 2025-04
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
Electric vehicle battery swap system –
Part 1: General and guidance
Système d’échange de batterie de véhicule électrique –
Partie 1: Généralités et recommandations
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
COMMISSION
ELECTROTECHNIQUE
INTERNATIONALE
ICS 43.120 ISBN 978-2-8327-0375-5
– 2 – IEC 62840-1:2025 © IEC 2025
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 5
INTRODUCTION . 7
1 Scope . 8
2 Normative references . 8
3 Terms and definitions . 9
4 Abbreviated terms. 11
5 General requirements. 11
6 Classification . 11
6.1 Characteristics of supply network . 11
6.2 Method of connection . 11
6.3 Automation level . 12
6.4 SBS/HBS swapping direction . 12
6.5 Access . 12
6.6 Mounting method . 13
6.7 EV categories . 13
6.8 Environmental conditions . 13
6.9 BSS type . 13
7 Composition and requirements of battery swap system . 13
7.1 General . 13
7.2 Battery swap station. 15
7.2.1 General description . 15
7.2.2 Lane system . 16
7.2.3 Battery handling system . 16
7.2.4 Storage system . 16
7.2.5 Charging system . 16
7.2.6 Supervisory and control system . 17
7.2.7 Power supply system . 17
7.3 SBS/HBS . 17
7.4 Connection to the supply network . 17
7.5 Supporting system (optional) . 17
7.5.1 General supporting system . 17
7.5.2 SBS/HBS logistic system . 18
7.5.3 Battery maintenance system . 18
7.6 Zones . 18
7.6.1 General. 18
7.6.2 Vehicle lane zone . 18
7.6.3 Battery swap zone . 18
7.6.4 Battery storage zone . 19
7.6.5 Battery charging zone. 20
7.6.6 Customer service zone . 20
7.7 Interoperability requirements. 20
7.7.1 Functional interoperability . 20
7.7.2 Interface interoperability . 21
7.7.3 Data interoperability . 21
7.7.4 Operational interoperability . 21
7.7.5 Compatibility with legacy systems . 21
IEC 62840-1:2025 © IEC 2025 – 3 –
7.7.6 Scalability . 21
8 Communication . 21
8.1 Safety relevant communication. 21
8.2 Optional communication . 21
8.3 Communication circuit from the BSS to the telecommunication networks . 21
9 Protection against electric shock . 21
10 Specific requirements for accessories . 22
11 Cable assembly requirements . 22
12 BSS constructional requirements . 22
13 Overload and short circuit protection . 22
14 EMC . 22
15 Emergency switching or disconnect (optional). 22
16 Marking and instructions. 22
Annex A (informative) Sub-systems in different types of BSS . 23
A.1 General description of BSS . 23
A.2 Commercial vehicles battery swap station . 25
A.2.1 Automatic side-swapping station . 25
A.2.2 Automatic top-swapping station . 25
A.3 Passenger cars battery swap station. 26
A.3.1 Semi-automatic rear-swapping station . 26
A.3.2 Automatic bottom-swapping station .
...
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