SIST EN 13391:2004
(Main)Mechanical tests for post-tensioning systems
Mechanical tests for post-tensioning systems
This European Standard specifies the test procedures for the anchorages and couplings of post-tensioning systems. This standard is to be used in conjunction with the relevant European Standards ENV 1992-1-1 and ENV 1992-2 and others for pertaining to prestressed concrete structures.
The test results should be used for the acquisition of the Technical Approval of the specified post-tensioning system.
For unbonded tendons additional tests and requirements are needed and these are not covered in the present scope of this standard.
Mechanische Prüfungen für Spannverfahren it nachträglichem Verbund
Diese Europäische Norm legt Prüfverfahren für und Anforderungen an Verankerungen und Kopplungen der Spannglieder von Vorspannverfahren mit nachträglichem Verbund fest. Sie ist zusammen mit folgenden Europäischen Normen sowie weiteren einschlägigen Normen anzuwenden: prEN 10138-1 bis -5, ENV 1992-1-1 und ENV 1992-2. Als Kriterium für die bauliche Zulassung des jeweiligen Vorspannsystems mit nachträglichem Verbund sollten die Ergebnisse der beschriebenen Prüfungen zusammen mit den Ergebnissen folgender ergänzender Untersuchungen verwendet werden.
Essais mécaniques concernant les procédés de précontrainte par post-tension
Cette Norme Européenne spécifie les procédures d'essai et les exigences auxquelles doivent satisfaire les résultats des essais sur les ancrages et coupleurs des procédés de précontrainte par post-tension. Cette norme doit etre utilisée conjointement avec les Normes Européennes correspondantes prEN 10138, ENV 1992 1.1. et ENV 1992.2, ainsi que d'autres concernant les structures en béton précontraint. Les résultats d'essai doivent etre utilisés en vue de l'obtention de l'agrément technique du procédé de précontrainte par post-tension spécifié, concurremment avec les résultats d'examens complémentaires.
Mehanski preskusi za ponapenjalne sisteme
General Information
Standards Content (Sample)
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Mehanski preskusi za ponapenjalne sistemeMechanische Prüfungen für Spannverfahren it nachträglichem VerbundEssais mécaniques concernant les procédés de précontrainte par post-tensionMechanical tests for post-tensioning systems91.080.40Betonske konstrukcijeConcrete structures19.060Mehansko preskušanjeMechanical testingICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 13391:2004SIST EN 13391:2004en01-september-2004SIST EN 13391:2004SLOVENSKI
STANDARD
SIST EN 13391:2004
EUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPÉENNEEUROPÄISCHE NORMEN 13391March 2004ICS 91.080.40English versionMechanical tests for post-tensioning systemsEssais mécaniques concernant les procédés deprécontrainte par post-tensionMechanische Prüfungen für Spannverfahren itnachträglichem VerbundThis European Standard was approved by CEN on 3 November 2003.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this EuropeanStandard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such nationalstandards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translationunder the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the officialversions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France,Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia,Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNGManagement Centre: rue de Stassart, 36
B-1050 Brussels© 2004 CENAll rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reservedworldwide for CEN national Members.Ref. No. EN 13391:2004: ESIST EN 13391:2004
EN 13391:2004 (E)2ContentsPageForeword.31Scope.42Normative references.43Terms, definitions and symbols.43.1Definitions.44Tests and requirements for post-tensioning anchorages.64.1General.64.1.1Purpose.64.1.2Specification of system.64.1.3Laboratory, testing facility.64.1.4Materials and components for the tests.64.1.5Types of test.64.2Testing of systems with mechanical anchorages.74.2.1Static load test with tendon-anchorage assembly.74.2.2Fatigue test with tendon-anchorage assembly.94.2.3Load transfer test.104.3Testing of systems with bond anchorage.114.3.1Static load test with bond anchorage.114.3.2Fatigue load test with bond anchorage.125Supplementary tests.125.1General.125.2Multiple stressing test.135.3Friction test.135.4Groutability test.135.5Deviation test for anchorages.135.6Deviation test for unbonded external tendons.136Test report.13Annex A (informative)
Figures.14Bibliography.21SIST EN 13391:2004
EN 13391:2004 (E)3ForewordThis document (EN 13391:2004) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 250 “StructuralEurocodes”, the secretariat of which is held by BSI.This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identicaltext or by endorsement, at the latest by August 2004, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn atthe latest by August 2004.This European Standard was prepared by Working Group 1 of CEN/TC 250/SC 2 "Design of concretestructures". The standard supplements ENV 1992-1-1, ENV 1992-2 and the "European Technical ApprovalGuideline of post-tensioning kits for prestressing of structures (these are commonly called Post-TensioningSystems)", ETAG 013.Annex A is informative.According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the followingcountries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic,Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerlandand United Kingdom.SIST EN 13391:2004
EN 13391:2004 (E)41 ScopeThis European Standard specifies the test procedures for the anchorages and couplings of post-tensioningsystems. This standard is to be used in conjunction with the relevant European Standards ENV 1992-1-1 andENV 1992-2 and others for pertaining to prestressed concrete structures.The test results should be used for the acquisition of the Technical Approval of the specified post-tensioningsystem.For unbonded tendons additional tests and requirements are needed and these are not covered in the presentscope of this standard.2 Normative referencesNot applicable.3 Terms, definitions and symbolsFor the purposes of this European Standard, the following terms, definitions and symbols apply.3.1 Definitions3.1.1Anchoragemechanical device, usually consisting of several components designed to reliably and safely retain the force inthe stressed tendon and to transmit it to the concrete. Anchorages can be either of the two types specifiedbelow:¾ Stressing anchorage: an anchorage located at the end of a tendon which can be used for stressing. It isexposed until grouting has been carried out and the anchorage sealed.¾ Fixed anchorage: an anchorage which is not used for tendon stressing.3.1.2Anchorage zonelocal zone in the structure through which the prestressing force is transferred to the structure via theanchorage3.1.3Bursting reinforcementreinforcement in the anchorage zone
to resist transverse tensile forces due to the introduction of prestressingforce into the structure3.1.4Couplingdevice to join tendons3.1.5Duct (sheathing)enclosure in which the prestressing steel is placed and which temporarily or permanently allows relativemovement between the prestressing steel and surrounding concrete. The remaining void within the duct canSIST EN 13391:2004
EN 13391:2004 (E)5be subsequently filled with cementitious grout or other suitable material to protect the prestressing steelagainst corrosion3.1.6Prestressingcontrolled generation of permanent forces and deformations in a structural concrete member to counteract thestresses arising from dead and live loads and/or due to shrinkage etc.3.1.7Post-tensioning systemarrangement of tendon and anchorages to carry out post-tensioning3.1.8Tendonone or a number of prestressing steel elements e.g. wire, strand, bar, etc. Tendons can be either:¾ Bonded: following stressing the tendon is grouted, thereby creating bond between the prestressing steel,grout, duct and concrete; or¾ Unbonded: bond between tendon and concrete is prevented with the tensile force of the stressed tendonbeing permanently transferred to the concrete by the anchorages and deviators only3.1.9Tendon-anchorage assemblyconnection between tendon and anchorageSymbolsApkcharacteristic cross-sectional area of the tendonApmactual mean cross-sectional area of the tendonFpkcharacteristic ultimate resisting force of prestressing steel of tendon; Fpk = Apk ´ fpkFpmcalculated ultimate resisting force of prestressing steel of tendon; Fpm = Apm ´ fpmFTumeasured ultimate force of tendon-anchorage assemblyFumeasured ultimate force in load transfer testmax Fupper force in the dynamic load test with tendon-anchorage assemblymin Flower force in the dynamic load test with tendon-anchorage assemblyDFforce range in the dynamic load test; DF = max F – min Ffckcharacteristic compressive strength of concrete at 28 daysfck,ominimum characteristic compressive strength of concrete at which full prestressing is planned on sitefcm,emean compressive strength of concrete of specimen at final test to failure in the load transfer testfcm,omean compressive strength of concrete at which full prestressing is planned on sitefpkcharacteristic tensile strength of prestressing steelSIST EN 13391:2004
EN 13391:2004 (E)6fpmactual mean tensile strength of prestressing steel used for test (mean of the result of minimum threetests)ttimewcrack width measured in the load transfer testeTuelongation of prestressing steel on free length of tendon at ultimate force FTu4 Tests and requirements for post-tensioning anchorages4.1 General4.1.1 PurposeIt is the purpose of the test procedures to standardize the required mechanical tests for post-tensioningsystems. The stipulated requirements pertain to the described tests. Figures are given in annex A.4.1.2 Specification of systemPrior to testing, the principal details of the prestressing system shall be made known as far as they relate tothe tests, e.g. by the technical report or specification of system.4.1.3 Laboratory, testing facilityGenerally, the tests shall be performed by an independent and notified laboratory. However, facilities providedby the applicant may be used, if the tests are executed under the surveillance and responsibility of such alaboratory.4.1.4 Materials and components for the testsAll tests should be performed with the type and grade of prestressing steel and with the anchoragecomponents as intended for application. If the anchorage to be used requires mechanical treatment of theprestressing steel, the effects of such treatment should be considered and justified.The geometrical and mechanical properties of anchorage components as well as the tolerance range ofdimensions shall be made known.For the load transfer test the grade of concrete for the application of the post-tensioning system shall be asdefined in the specifications. The grade of concrete is specified by its characteristic compressive concretestrength at 28 days, fck, this being determined in accordance with relevant standards. The minimum concretecompressive strength at which full prestress can be applied on site shall be specified. It can be defined eitheras the mean compressive strength fcm,o or as the minimum characteristic compressive strength, fck,o of theconcrete of the anchorage zone. These values are assumed to be related to each other by:fck,o = fcm,o – 8 MPa.(The properties of the concrete for the specimens are given in 4.2.3.2 and 4.2.3.3)4.1.5 Types of testThe tests are performed according to the method of anchoring the prestressing steel. A distinction is madebetween:SIST EN 13391:2004
EN 13391:2004 (E)7¾ Anchorages formed by mechanical means: the prestressing steel is fixed to an anchorage element bymeans of mechanical devices such as wedges, button heads, threads, etc. Anchoring may also beachieved by forming the prestressing steel in a loop around a steel element, etc.¾ Bond anchorages: the prestressing steel is anchored in the concrete before the stressing force is appliedto the tendon. The anchoring may either be achieved by bond alone or partially by a mechanical deviceand partially by bond.The tests pertain to tendon-anchorage assemblies and anchorage zones of bonded and unbonded, interior orexterior tendons. Couplings, which connect two tendons to form a continuous tendon, shall be tested in thesame way as anchorages with mechanical means.In carrying out a test items may also be combined, for instance:¾ mechanical anchorage – coupling – mechanical anchorage.¾ mechanical anchorage – anchorage by bond.Three types of tests are to be performed: static load test, fatigue test and load transfer test.4.2 Testing of systems with mechanical anchorages4.2.1 Static load test with tendon-anchorage assembly4.2.1.1 GeneralThe aim of the test is to assess the performance of the tendon-anchorage assembly and to determine anydecrease of the breaking load of the prestressing steel due to the influence of the anchorage. The test alsopertains to couplers.4.2.1.2 Test specimenThe tendon to be tested shall be assembled according to the envisaged application, using all componentsnecessary for anchoring the tendon. Components for testing shall be randomly selected. The geometricalconfiguration of the individual tensile elements in the specimen shall be identical to that of the specifiedtendon assembly given in the European Technical Approval (ETA). The following data of the tensile elementsshall be established :¾ main mechanical and geometrical properties of the tensile elements, including the actual ultimatestrength;¾ calculated actual ultimate force Fpm;¾ mean total cross-section of tensile elements Apm;¾ surface characteristics of tensile elements.Relevant geometrical and mechanical properties of anchorage components shall also be determined. The freelength of the tensile elements in the tendon specimen to be tested shall not be less than 3,0 m, except for bartendons with a minimum length of 1,0 m. If more than one grade of tensile elements of the same type is to beused with the same type of anchorage, the tests shall be performed using the grade with the highestcharacteristic tensile strength, and/or load capacity.SIST EN 13391:2004
EN 13391:2004 (E)84.2.1.3 Test procedureThe tendon specimen is mounted in the test rig or testing machine, observing the same geometricalconfiguration of the individual tensile elements in the specimen to that specified in the ETA.The tendon is stressed at one end with representative equipment comparable to the one used on constructionsite, and specified in the ETA, in steps corresponding to 0,2, 0,4, 0,6 and 0,8 of the characteristic tensilestrength of the tensile elements. The load is increased at a constant rate corresponding to about 100 MPa perminute. At 0,8 level, the load is transf
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