SIST EN 10228-1:2016

Non-destructive testing of steel forgings - Part 1: Magnetic particle inspection

This European Standard describes techniques and acceptance criteria to be used for the magnetic particle testing of forgings manufactured from ferromagnetic materials. The method described is used for the detection of surface discontinuities. It can also detect discontinuities just below the surface but the sensitivity to such discontinuities decreases rapidly with depth.
NOTE   A steel forging is considered to be ferromagnetic if the magnetic flux density is greater than 1 T for a tangential magnetic field strength of 2,4 kA/m.

Zerstörungsfreie Prüfung von Schmiedestücken aus Stahl - Teil 1: Magnetpulverprüfung

Diese Europäische Norm legt die Methodik und die Zulässigkeitskriterien fest, die bei der Magnetpulverprüfung von Schmiedestücken aus ferromagnetischen Werkstoffen anzuwenden sind. Das beschriebene Prüfverfahren dient dem Nachweis von Oberflächenunregelmäßigkeiten. Mit ihm können auch Unregelmäßigkeiten unmittelbar unter der Oberfläche nachgewiesen werden. Die Nachweisbarkeit derartiger Unregelmäßigkeiten nimmt jedoch mit dem Abstand von der Oberfläche stark ab.
ANMERKUNG   Ein Schmiedestück aus Stahl wird als ferromagnetisch betrachtet, wenn die magnetische Induktion bei einer magnetischen Feldstärke von 2,4 kA/m größer als 1 T (Tesla) ist.

Essais non destructifs des pièces forgées en acier - Partie 1 : Contrôle par magnétoscopie

La présente partie de l'EN 10228 définit les modalités et les critères d'acceptation pour le contrôle par magnétoscopie des pièces forgées dans des matériaux ferromagnétiques. Cette méthode permet de déceler les discontinuités de surface. Elle permet aussi de détecter des discontinuités juste en-dessous de la surface mais la sensibilité à détecter de telles discontinuités diminue rapidement avec la profondeur.
NOTE   une pièce forgée en acier est considérée comme étant ferromagnétique si la densité de flux magnétique est supérieure à 1 T pour un champ magnétique tangentiel de 2,4 kA/m.

Neporušitveno preskušanje jeklenih izkovkov - 1. del: Preiskave z magnetnimi prahovi

Ta del standarda EN 10228 opisuje metode in prevzemne kriterije, ki se uporabljajo za preskušanje izkovkov z magnetnimi prahovi, pri čemer so izkovki izdelani iz feromagnetnih materialov. Opisana metoda se uporablja za odkrivanje površinskih prekinitev. Prav tako je mogoče zaznati tudi prekinitve tik pod površino, vendar se občutljivost na take prekinitve hitro zmanjšuje z globino.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Public Enquiry End Date: 06-Nov-2014
• Publication Date: 03-Jul-2016
• ICS: 77.040.20 - Non-destructive testing of metals
• ICS: 77.140.85 - Iron and steel forgings
• Technical Committee: IFEK - Ferrous metals
• Current Stage: 6060 - National Implementation/Publication (Adopted Project)
• Start Date: 14-Jun-2016
• Due Date: 19-Aug-2016
• Completion Date: 04-Jul-2016
• Directive: 97/23/EC - Directive 97/23/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 29 May 1997 on the approximation of the laws of the Member States concerning pressure equipment
• Ref Project: EN 10228-1:2016 - Non-destructive testing of steel forgings - Part 1: Magnetic particle inspection

Relations

• Replaces: SIST EN 10228-1:2000 - Non-destructive testing of steel forgings - Part 1: Magnetic particle inspection
• Effective Date: 08-Jun-2016
• Revised: SIST EN 10228-1:2000 - Non-destructive testing of steel forgings - Part 1: Magnetic particle inspection
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2014

Overview - EN 10228-1:2016 (Magnetic particle inspection)

EN 10228-1:2016 is the CEN European Standard that specifies techniques, acceptance criteria and procedural requirements for magnetic particle inspection (MPI) of steel forgings made from ferromagnetic materials. The method is intended primarily for detection of surface discontinuities and can detect near-surface flaws, with sensitivity decreasing rapidly with depth. The standard requires a written test procedure, defined surface preparation and coverage, and verification of magnetization and detection systems.

Key topics and technical requirements

• Scope and definition
  • Applies to forgings that are ferromagnetic (note: the standard defines ferromagnetic behaviour in terms of magnetic flux density vs. field strength).
• Test procedure
  • A documented procedure is required (product specification or application-specific procedure); may be submitted for purchaser approval.
• Personnel qualification
  • Inspectors must be qualified in accordance with EN ISO 9712.
• Magnetizing equipment and techniques
  • Acceptable methods include electromagnetic yokes, current-flow with prods, permanent magnets, coils, central conductor and induction. Annex A covers prod/yoke usage and search patterns.
• Flux density and field strength
  • Tangential flux density shall be at least 1.0 T; guidance on field strength and verification methods is given (see EN ISO 9934‑3).
• Detection media
  • Media must conform to EN ISO 9934‑2; continuous application is required and magnetization should be maintained for at least 2 seconds after application.
• Surface condition and coverage
  • Surfaces must be clean and prepared (shot-blast, grind, etc.) to meet specified quality classes and enable reliable interpretation. 100% coverage of the area is desirable.
• Viewing conditions and illumination
  • Viewing follows EN ISO 3059 (e.g., non‑fluorescent media viewed under ~500 lx white light; fluorescent media require dark adaptation and UV‑A).
• Recording, classification and acceptance
  • Rules for classifying isolated vs interacting indications and requirements for test reporting, demagnetization and acceptance criteria are provided.

Applications - who uses EN 10228-1:2016

• Forging manufacturers and quality departments to define NDT acceptance criteria for delivered parts.
• NDT service providers / MPI technicians to perform compliant magnetic particle inspections.
• Engineers and purchasers specifying inspection requirements in procurement or inspection plans.
• Inspection authorities and certification bodies ensuring consistency with European practice for steel forgings. Typical industries: heavy engineering, power generation, oil & gas, automotive, aerospace (where forgings remain ferromagnetic), and any sector using critical steel forgings.

Related standards

• EN 10228 (other parts): Part 2 (Penetrant testing), Part 3 & 4 (Ultrasonic testing)
• EN ISO 9934‑1 / ‑2 / ‑3 - Magnetic particle testing (general, media, equipment)
• EN ISO 3059 - Viewing conditions
• EN ISO 9712 - Qualification and certification of NDT personnel

By following EN 10228-1:2016, organizations ensure standardized, repeatable MPI of steel forgings with clear rules for magnetization, detection media, personnel qualification and reporting - improving defect detection, product quality and procurement clarity.

Standards Content (Sample)

2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Neporušitveno preskušanje jeklenih izkovkov - 1. del: Preiskave z magnetnimi prahoviZerstörungsfreie Prüfung von Schmiedestücken aus Stahl - Teil 1: MagnetpulverprüfungEssais non destructifs des pièces forgées en acier - Partie 1 : Contrôle par magnétoscopieNon-destructive testing of steel forgings - Part 1: Magnetic particle inspection77.140.85Železni in jekleni kovani izdelkiIron and steel forgings77.040.20Neporušitveno preskušanje kovinNon-destructive testing of metalsICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 10228-1:2016SIST EN 10228-1:2016en,fr,de01-september-2016SIST EN 10228-1:2016SLOVENSKI
STANDARDSIST EN 10228-1:20001DGRPHãþD

EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM
EN 10228-1
June
t r s x ICS
y yä r v rä t râ
y yä s v rä z w Supersedes EN
s r t t zæ sã s { { {English Version
Nonædestructive testing of steel forgings æ Part
sã Magnetic particle inspection Essais non destructifs des pièces forgées æ Partie
s ã Contrôle par magnétoscopie
Zerstörungsfreie Prüfung von Schmiedestücken aus Stahl æ Teil
sã Magnetpulverprüfung This European Standard was approved by CEN on
u October
t r s wä
egulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alterationä Upætoædate lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CENæCENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN memberä
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CENæCENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versionsä
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austriaá Belgiumá Bulgariaá Croatiaá Cyprusá Czech Republicá Denmarká Estoniaá Finlandá Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedoniaá Franceá Germanyá Greeceá Hungaryá Icelandá Irelandá Italyá Latviaá Lithuaniaá Luxembourgá Maltaá Netherlandsá Norwayá Polandá Portugalá Romaniaá Slovakiaá Sloveniaá Spainá Swedená Switzerlandá Turkey andUnited Kingdomä
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre:
Avenue Marnix 17,
B-1000 Brussels
t r s x CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Membersä Refä Noä EN
s r t t zæ sã t r s x ESIST EN 10228-1:2016

Magnetization using prods or electromagnetic yoke . 13 A.1 Definition of tested area with prods or yoke . 13 A.2 Definition of search pattern and examination sequence . 14 Annex B (informative)
Significant technical changes to the version EN 10228-1:1999 . 15
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