ISO/TC 22/SC 35/WG 3 - Visibility

This document provides a common framework of definitions and measurement methods for the design, and ergonomics testing of automotive head-up displays (HUDs) independent of technologies except where noted. Applications in both passenger cars (including sport utility vehicles and light trucks) and commercial vehicles (including heavy trucks and buses) are covered. This document does not include helmet-mounted HUDs or other head carried gear such as glasses. Areas covered in this document include: — guidance on how to establish reference points and representative viewing conditions based on vehicle coordinates and ranges of driver's/passenger's eye points; — descriptions of the HUD image geometry and optical properties measurements; — definitions of the HUD virtual image and driver vision measurements; — static and dynamic laboratory tests, and dynamic field operational assessments that include suggested vehicle setup procedures in order to measure HUD image attributes.

This document establishes the location of drivers' eyes inside a vehicle. Elliptical (eyellipse) models in three dimensions are used to represent tangent cut-off percentiles of driver's eye locations. Procedures are provided to construct 95th and 99th percentile tangent cut-off eyellipses for a 50/50 gender mix, adult user population. Neck pivot (P) points are defined to establish specific left and right eye points for direct and indirect viewing tasks described in SAE J1050. These P points are defined only for adjustable seat eyellipses. This document applies to Class A vehicles (passenger cars, multipurpose passenger vehicles and light trucks) as defined in SAE J1100. It also applies to Class B vehicles (heavy trucks).

This document gives minimum safety, ergonomic, and performance requirements for Camera Monitor Systems to replace mandatory inside and outside rearview mirrors for road vehicles (e.g. classes I to IV as defined in UN Regulation No. 46). It addresses Camera Monitor Systems (CMS) that will be used in road vehicles to present the required outside information of a specific field of view inside the vehicle. These specifications are intended to be independent of different camera and display technologies unless otherwise stated explicitly. Advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS), such as parking aids, are not part of this document. NOTE 1 Mirror classes V and VI (as defined in UN Regulation No. 46) are not in scope of this document since the requirements are already defined in UN Regulation No. 46. NOTE 2 The definitions and requirements in this document are formulated with regard to a system structure, where one camera captures one legally prescribed field of view and one monitor displays one legally prescribed field of view. Of course, also other system structures (e.g. with one monitor displaying two legally prescribed fields of view) are within the scope of this document. For those systems, either the system supplier or the vehicle manufacturer has to prove that the resulting system fulfils the requirements given in Clause 6. NOTE 3 Whenever the phrases "field of view" or "field of vision" are used, then both have the same meaning and are to be used in parallel.

ISO 3468:2014 specifies the test method for passenger car (ISO 3833:1977, 3.1.1) windscreen defrosting and demisting systems, when these are fitted. ISO 3468:2014 does not specify reference areas or levels of performance.

Establishes the initial procedure for positioning of a passenger car relative to a three-dimensional reference system, as given in ISO 4130, for the purposes of static measurements on the vehicle. It enables verification of the driver's forward 180° field of view, however, the procedure shown may also be followed for checking other aspects of vehicle design.

Specifies a test method for verifying the compliance of a passenger car (as defined in ISO 3833) with the requirements of EEC Directives 77/649 and 88/366 for the driver's 180° forward field of view.

The tests (verification of wiping system: static and aerodynamic tests; verification of functioning: frequency test, stall test, low temperature test) need not be repeated on types of power-driven vehicles which do not differ from one another in respect of the following features: shape, size, surface and aerodynamic characteristics of the windscreen and its surroundings, characteristics of each system designated by the vehicle manufacturer as contributing to wiping of the windscreen. Appropriate testing for rear windows is dealt with in ISO 6255.

Specifies the main dimensions and general requirements. The preferred types A1 and A2 are for nominal arm sizes 8 mm x 3 mm and 9mm x 3 mm. Details not specified are left to the manufacturer's choice. Annex A forms an integral part of this standard.

Specifies the main dimensions and general requirements for wiper arm to shaft end connections of wiper systems. Gives the preferred type 1; the normative annex A includes the non-preferred type 2.

Specifies the test procedure for systems when these are fitted; Does not specify reference areas or levels of performance. The annexes A,B and C are an integral part of it, annex D is for information only. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (1975).

Establishes two ranges of lengths for wiper blades for passenger cars, to be used as a guide for their selection. Table 1 gives a short (350, 400, 450, 500, 550, 600, 650, 700 mm) and an extended list (from 250 up to 700 mm) of wiper blade lengths, which may serve as a guide for choice of wiper blades.

Specifies a test method for determining the reflectance of rear view mirrors. Applies to flat and convex surface mirrors intended for internal and external mounting. Describes the apparatus and the procedure with a direct and an indirect calibration method. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (1978).

ISO 16505:2015 gives minimum safety, ergonomic, and performance requirements for Camera Monitor Systems to replace mandatory inside and outside rearview mirrors for road vehicles. It addresses Camera Monitor Systems (CMS) that will be used in road vehicles to present the required outside information of a specific field of view inside the vehicle. These specifications are intended to be independent of different camera and display technologies unless otherwise stated explicitly. ADAS Systems (such as parking aid) are not part of ISO 16505:2015.

ISO 4513:2010 establishes the location of drivers' eyes inside a vehicle. Elliptical (eyellipse) models in three dimensions are used to represent tangent cut-off percentiles of driver eye locations. Procedures are provided to construct 95th and 99th percentile tangent cut-off eyellipses for a 50/50 gender mix, adult user population. Neck pivot, P, points are defined to establish specific left and right eye points for direct and indirect viewing tasks described in SAE J1050. These P points are defined only for adjustable seat eyellipses. ISO 4513:2010 applies to Class A vehicles (passenger cars, multipurpose passenger vehicles and light trucks) as defined in SAE J1100. It also applies to Class B vehicles (heavy trucks).