prEN 15301

Surfaces for sports areas - Determination of rotational resistance

This European standard specifies methods for determining the shear strength of natural turf, synthetic turf and unbound mineral sports surfaces.
Method 1 is intended to be carried out on site. Method 2 is intended to be carried out in the laboratory but is applicable only to unbound mineral sports surfaces.

Sportböden - Bestimmung des Drehwiderstandes

Sols sportifs - Détermination de la résistance en rotation

Le présent document spécifie les méthodes de détermination de la résistance au cisaillement des gazons naturels, gazons synthétiques et surfaces minérales non liées pour terrains de sport.
La Méthode 1 est destinée à être appliquée sur site. La Méthode 2 est destinée à être appliquée en laboratoire mais ne s'applique qu'aux surfaces minérales non liées pour terrains de sport.

Podloge za športne dejavnosti – Ugotavljanje odpornosti proti vrtenju

General Information

• Status: Not Published
• Technical Committee: CEN/TC 217 - Surfaces for sport areas
• Drafting Committee: CEN/TC 217/WG 4 - Unbound mineral surfaces
• Current Stage: 4097 - End of interruption of work - split/merged
• Start Date: 15-Jan-2006
• Completion Date: 14-Apr-2025
• Ref Project: oSIST prEN 15301:2005 - Surfaces for sports areas - Determination of rotational resistance

Relations

• Split Into: EN 15301-2:2007 - Surfaces for sports areas - Part 2: Determination of shear strength by dynamic top layer testing of unbound mineral surfaces in the laboratory
• Effective Date: 07-Mar-2023
• Split Into: EN 15301-1:2007 - Surfaces for sports areas - Part 1: Determination of rotational resistance
• Effective Date: 07-Mar-2023
• Child: EN 15301-1:2007 - Surfaces for sports areas - Part 1: Determination of rotational resistance
• Effective Date: 22-Dec-2008
• Child: EN 15301-2:2007 - Surfaces for sports areas - Part 2: Determination of shear strength by dynamic top layer testing of unbound mineral surfaces in the laboratory
• Effective Date: 22-Dec-2008

Overview

prEN 15301 / EN 15301:2005 - Surfaces for sports areas - Determination of rotational resistance - specifies test methods to determine the shear strength (rotational resistance) of sports surfaces: natural turf, synthetic turf and unbound mineral surfaces. The standard defines two complementary procedures: Method 1 (on‑site) for field testing and Method 2 (laboratory) for unbound mineral materials. prEN 15301 was prepared by CEN/TC 217 and is intended for use in quality control, performance specification and safety assessment of sports surfaces.

Key topics and technical requirements

• Scope: measurement of shear strength for player‑surface interaction (rotational resistance) on natural turf, synthetic turf and unbound mineral sports surfaces.
• Method 1 (on‑site):
  • Principle: measure force required to initiate rotation of a studded or spiked disc in contact with the surface.
  • Apparatus: mild steel disc (145 ±1 mm dia, 12 ±2 mm thick) fitted with six football studs for turf or spikes for mineral surfaces; shaft with handles (≈800 mm); annular weights and a two‑handled torque wrench. Total apparatus mass ≈ 46 ±1 kg.
  • Procedure: drop apparatus from (60 ±10) mm to engage studs, rotate until disc turns ≥45°, record torque to nearest N·m. Take six readings per test area (or more depending on area size) and compute mean traction value.
  • Reporting: reference to the standard (EN 15301:2005, Method A), surface identification, mean value and any deviations.
• Method 2 (laboratory) - unbound mineral surfaces only:
  • Apparatus: 250 mm mould with removable base, compaction hammer (mass ≈ 15.17 kg, drop height 62 cm), shearing disk, centring and vertical alignment gauges, cardan shaft and dynamometric shear instrument.
  • Specimen prep: sample conditioned to ~0.7 × optimum water content, compacted to ≈95 % Proctor density over specified layer thickness.
  • Procedure: mount shear plate, apply an initial shear load (50 kN/m for 2 s) then increase until failure, record maximum moment. Friction in bearings is deducted from readings.
  • Calculation: the standard provides the formula to convert maximum torsion moment and test geometry into shear strength (kN/m). Report per Method B.

Applications and users

• Practical uses: performance verification, safety assessment (player grip and injury risk), installation quality control, material development, maintenance planning and procurement specifications for sports fields and arenas.
• Typical users: sports turf managers, stadium operators, civil/landscape contractors, laboratory testing services, facility designers, certifiers and researchers focused on sports surface performance and player safety.

Related standards

• Prepared by CEN/TC 217 (Surfaces for sports areas). When published, prEN 15301 is referenced as EN 15301:2005; use the appropriate national adoption and reporting conventions when specifying tests.

Standards Content (Sample)

SLOVENSKI oSIST prEN 15301:2005

PREDSTANDARD
september 2005
Podloge za športne dejavnosti – Ugotavljanje odpornosti proti vrtenju
Surfaces for sports areas – Determination of rotational resistance
ICS 97.220.10 Referenčna številka
©  Standard je založil in izdal Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje ali kopiranje celote ali delov tega dokumenta ni dovoljeno

EUROPEAN STANDARD
DRAFT
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
July 2005
ICS
English Version
Surfaces for sports areas - Determination of rotational
resistance
This draft European Standard is submitted to CEN members for enquiry. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee CEN/TC 217.
If this draft becomes a European Standard, CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which
stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.
This draft European Standard was established by CEN in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language
made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Management Centre has the same
status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France,
Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia,
Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
Recipients of this draft are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant patent rights of which they are aware and to
provide supporting documentation.
Warning : This document is not a European Standard. It is distributed for review and comments. It is subject to change without notice and
shall not be referred to as a European Standard.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36  B-1050 Brussels
© 2005 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. prEN 15301:2005: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

Contents Page
Foreword.3
1 Scope .4
2 Method1: Determination of shear strength on site .4
2.1 Principle.4
2.2 Apparatus .4
2.3 Procedure .4
2.4 Number and distribution of readings.4
2.5 Expression of results .4
2.6 Test report .5
3 Method 2: Dynamic and top layer testing of unbound mineral surfaces in the laboratory .6
3.1 Apparatus .6
3.2 Preparing the test specimen.9
3.3 Producing the test specimen.10
3.4 Procedure .10
3.5 Results .11
3.6 Test report .11

Foreword
This document (prEN 15301:2005) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 217 “Surfaces for
sports areas”, the secretariat of which is held by BSI.
This document is currently submitted to the CEN Enquiry.
1 Scope
This European standard specifies methods for determining the shear strength of natural turf, synthetic turf and
unbound mineral sports surfaces.
Method 1 is intended to be carried out on site. Method 2 is intended to be carried out in the laboratory but is
applicable only to unbound mineral sports surfaces.
2 Method1: Determination of shear strength on site
2.1 Principle
The force required to initiate rotational movement of a studded or spiked disc in contact with the sports
surface being tested is measured
2.2 Apparatus
The apparatus shall comprise the following components (see Figure 1).
a) Mild steel disc (145 ± 1) mm in diameter and (12 ± 2) mm thick, with its centre drilled and, if testing natural
or synthetic turf, with six football studs (15 ± 1) mm long and 12 mm in diameter arranged on the bottom
surface, each being set (46 ± 1) mm from the centre of the disc. If testing unbound mineral surfaces,
spikes with dimensions as shown in Figure 2 shall be used instead of football studs.
b) Shaft (800 ± 25) mm long with attached lifting handles which threads into the centre of the studded disc.
c) Set of annular weights which rest centrally on a bearing on the upper surface of the studded disc allowing
free movement of the disc beneath the weights.
d) Two-handled torque wrench with a scale up to 80 N which attaches to the top of the steel shaft.
The total mass of the apparatus, including the torque wrench, shall be (46 ± 1) kg.
2.3 Procedure
Assemble the apparatus and ensure that the bearing is operating correctly to allow free movement of the disc
below the weights. Set the torque wrench indicator needle to zero, then drop the apparatus from a height of
(60 ± 10) mm onto the surface, ensuring that the studs penetrate the surface. Without placing any vertical
pressure on the torque wrench, turn the apparatus until movement of the studded disc occurs and it has
rotated through an angle of at least 45°. Record the value displayed on the torque wrench to the nearest
Newton-metre. Before conducting the next test, move the apparatus to a new position and clear the disc and
studs cleared of any soil, turf or particulate and debris. Six readings shall be taken within each test area.
2.4 Number and distribution of readings
Unless otherwise specified, take at least six readings, at random, on
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