prEN ISO/ASTM 52943-2
(Main)Additive manufacturing for aerospace - Process characteristics and performance - Part 2: Directed energy deposition using wire and arc (ISO/ASTM DIS 52943‑2:2023)
Additive manufacturing for aerospace - Process characteristics and performance - Part 2: Directed energy deposition using wire and arc (ISO/ASTM DIS 52943‑2:2023)
This document specifies requirements for the additive manufacturing of metallic parts with directed energy deposition in the aerospace industry. These can be additively generated parts or additively generated additions to existing parts. Within the application scope of this document, wire is used as feedstock, and arc processes (gas-shielded metal arc processes, Tungsten inert gas processes, plasma arc processes) are the main energy source.
This document is to be used in conjunction with the engineering documents, if required by the engineering authority.
Additive Fertigung für Luft- und Raumfahrt - Prozessanforderungen und Qualifizierung - Teil 2: Materialauftrag mit gerichteter Energieeinbringung unter Verwendung von Draht und Lichtbogen (ISO/ASTM DIS 52943‑2:2023)
Dieses Dokument legt Anforderungen an die additive Fertigung metallischer Bauteile durch Materialauftrag mit gerichteter Energieeinbringung in der Luft- und Raumfahrt fest. Es kann sich dabei um vollständig additiv erzeugte Bauteile oder um additiv erzeugte Ergänzungen an bestehenden Bauteilen handeln. Im Anwendungsbereich dieses Dokuments wird als Zusatzwerkstoff Draht und als Hauptenergiequelle der Lichtbogen (Schutzgasschweißen, Wolfram-Intertgasschweißen, Plasmabogenverfahren) verwendet.
Dieses Dokument ist in Verbindung mit den Entwicklungsunterlagen zu verwenden, falls von der verantwortlichen Entwicklungsstelle gefordert.
Dieses Dokument gilt nicht für nationale oder internationale Sicherheits- und Gesundheitsvorschriften.
Fabrication additive pour l'aérospatiale - Caractéristiques et performances du procédé - Partie 2: Dépôt d'énergie dirigée utilisant du fil et un arc (ISO/ASTM DIS 52943‑2:2023)
Aditivna proizvodnja za letalsko in vesoljsko industrijo - Karakteristike in zmogljivost procesa - 2. del: Nanašanje materiala z usmerjenim vnosom energije z žico in oblokom (ISO/ASTM DIS 52943-2:2023)
General Information
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
oSIST prEN ISO/ASTM 52943-2:2023
01-junij-2023
Aditivna proizvodnja za letalsko in vesoljsko industrijo - Karakteristike in
zmogljivost procesa - 2. del: Nanašanje materiala z usmerjenim vnosom energije z
žico in oblokom (ISO/ASTM DIS 52943-2:2023)
Additive manufacturing for aerospace - Process characteristics and performance - Part
2: Directed energy deposition using wire and arc (ISO/ASTM DIS 52943-2:2023)
Additive Fertigung für Luft- und Raumfahrt - Prozessanforderungen und Qualifizierung -
Teil 2: Materialauftrag mit gerichteter Energieeinbringung unter Verwendung von Draht
und Lichtbogen (ISO/ASTM DIS 52943-2:2023)
Fabrication additive pour l'aérospatiale - Caractéristiques et performances du procédé -
Partie 2: Dépôt d'énergie dirigée utilisant du fil et un arc (ISO/ASTM DIS 52943-2:2023)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN ISO/ASTM 52943-2
ICS:
25.030 3D-tiskanje Additive manufacturing
49.025.01 Materiali za letalsko in Materials for aerospace
vesoljsko gradnjo na splošno construction in general
oSIST prEN ISO/ASTM 52943-2:2023 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
oSIST prEN ISO/ASTM 52943-2:2023
---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
oSIST prEN ISO/ASTM 52943-2:2023
DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARD
ISO/ASTM DIS 52943-2
ISO/TC 261 Secretariat: DIN
Voting begins on: Voting terminates on:
2023-04-17 2023-07-10
Additive manufacturing for aerospace — Process
characteristics and performance —
Part 2:
Directed energy deposition using wire and arc
Fabrication additive pour l'aérospatiale — Caractéristiques et performances du procédé —
Partie 2: Dépôt d'énergie dirigée utilisant du fil et un arc
ICS: 25.030
Member bodies are requested to consult relevant national interests in ISO/TC
44/SC 14 before casting their ballot to the e-Balloting application.
This document is circulated as received from the committee secretariat.
THIS DOCUMENT IS A DRAFT CIRCULATED
FOR COMMENT AND APPROVAL. IT IS
ISO/CEN PARALLEL PROCESSING
THEREFORE SUBJECT TO CHANGE AND MAY
NOT BE REFERRED TO AS AN INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD UNTIL PUBLISHED AS SUCH.
IN ADDITION TO THEIR EVALUATION AS
BEING ACCEPTABLE FOR INDUSTRIAL,
TECHNOLOGICAL, COMMERCIAL AND
USER PURPOSES, DRAFT INTERNATIONAL
STANDARDS MAY ON OCCASION HAVE TO
BE CONSIDERED IN THE LIGHT OF THEIR
POTENTIAL TO BECOME STANDARDS TO
WHICH REFERENCE MAY BE MADE IN
Reference number
NATIONAL REGULATIONS.
ISO/ASTM DIS 52943-2:2023(E)
RECIPIENTS OF THIS DRAFT ARE INVITED
TO SUBMIT, WITH THEIR COMMENTS,
NOTIFICATION OF ANY RELEVANT PATENT
RIGHTS OF WHICH THEY ARE AWARE AND TO
PROVIDE SUPPORTING DOCUMENTATION. © ISO/ASTM International 2023
---------------------- Page: 3 ----------------------
oSIST prEN ISO/ASTM 52943-2:2023
ISO/ASTM DIS 52943-2:2023(E)
DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARD
ISO/ASTM DIS 52943-2
ISO/TC 261 Secretariat: DIN
Voting begins on: Voting terminates on:
Additive manufacturing for aerospace — Process
characteristics and performance —
Part 2:
Directed energy deposition using wire and arc
Fabrication additive pour l'aérospatiale — Caractéristiques et performances du procédé —
Partie 2: Dépôt d'énergie dirigée utilisant du fil et un arc
ICS: 25.030
Member bodies are requested to consult relevant national interests in ISO/TC
44/SC 14 before casting their ballot to the e-Balloting application.
This document is circulated as received from the committee secretariat.
COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO/ASTM International 2023 THIS DOCUMENT IS A DRAFT CIRCULATED
FOR COMMENT AND APPROVAL. IT IS
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
ISO/CEN PARALLEL PROCESSING
THEREFORE SUBJECT TO CHANGE AND MAY
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on
NOT BE REFERRED TO AS AN INTERNATIONAL
the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below STANDARD UNTIL PUBLISHED AS SUCH.
or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester. In the United States, such requests should be sent to ASTM International.
IN ADDITION TO THEIR EVALUATION AS
BEING ACCEPTABLE FOR INDUSTRIAL,
ISO copyright office ASTM International
TECHNOLOGICAL, COMMERCIAL AND
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700
USER PURPOSES, DRAFT INTERNATIONAL
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, USA
STANDARDS MAY ON OCCASION HAVE TO
BE CONSIDERED IN THE LIGHT OF THEIR
Phone: +41 22 749 01 11 Phone: +610 832 9634
POTENTIAL TO BECOME STANDARDS TO
Fax: +610 832 9635
WHICH REFERENCE MAY BE MADE IN
Reference number
Email: copyright@iso.org Email: khooper@astm.org
NATIONAL REGULATIONS.
Website: www.iso.org Website: www.astm.org ISO/ASTM DIS 52943-2:2023(E)
RECIPIENTS OF THIS DRAFT ARE INVITED
Published in Switzerland
TO SUBMIT, WITH THEIR COMMENTS,
NOTIFICATION OF ANY RELEVANT PATENT
RIGHTS OF WHICH THEY ARE AWARE AND TO
ii
© ISO/ASTM International 2023 – All rights reserved
PROVIDE SUPPORTING DOCUMENTATION. © ISO/ASTM International 2023
---------------------- Page: 4 ----------------------
oSIST prEN ISO/ASTM 52943-2:2023
ISO/ASTM DIS 52943-2:2023(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Requirements for the feedstock .2
5 Qualification of the machine operator . 2
6 Qualification of the DED machine . 3
6.1 Machine Qualification . 3
6.2 Machine Requalification . 4
7 Build platform/substrate requirements . 4
8 Environment requirements .5
8.1 General . 5
8.2 Facility environment . 5
8.3 Process environment . 5
9 Procedure qualification . 5
9.1 General . 5
9.2 APS . 6
9.3 Procedure requalification . 8
10 Engineering documents .8
11 Production documents . 9
12 Process monitoring .9
13 Product acceptance testing . 9
14 Build documentation and traceability .10
15 Delivery documentation .10
Annex A (informative) Test certificate for operators of machines for additive manufacturing
by material application with directed energy deposition .11
Bibliography .13
iii
© ISO/ASTM International 2023 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 5 ----------------------
oSIST prEN ISO/ASTM 52943-2:2023
ISO/ASTM DIS 52943-2:2023(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to
the World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see
www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
The committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 261, Additive manufacturing, in cooperation with
ASTM Committee F42, Additive Manufacturing Technologies, on the basis of a partnership agreement
between ISO and ASTM International with the aim to create a common set of ISO/ASTM standards on
Additive Manufacturing.
This is the first edition of this document.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.
iv
© ISO/ASTM International 2023 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 6 ----------------------
oSIST prEN ISO/ASTM 52943-2:2023
DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/ASTM DIS 52943-2:2023(E)
Additive manufacturing for aerospace — Process
characteristics and performance —
Part 2:
Directed energy deposition using wire and arc
1 Scope
This document specifies requirements for the additive manufacturing of metallic parts with directed
energy deposition in the aerospace industry. These can be additively built parts or additively built
additions to existing parts. Within the application scope of this document, wire is used as feedstock, and
arc processes (gas-shielded metal arc processes, tungsten inert gas processes, plasma arc processes)
are used as the main energy source.
This document is to be used in conjunction with the engineering documents, if required by the
engineering authority.
This document does not apply to national or international safety and health regulations.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 14175, Welding consumables — Gases and gas mixtures for fusion welding and allied processes
ISO/ASTM/DIS 52926-5, Additive Manufacturing of metals — Qualification principles — Part 5:
Qualification of operators for DED-Arc
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO/ASTM 52900 and the
following apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at https:// www .electropedia .org/
3.1
preliminary additive procedure specification
pAPS
document containing the required variables of the additive manufacturing process which shall be
qualified
1
© ISO/ASTM International 2023 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 7 ----------------------
oSIST prEN ISO/ASTM 52943-2:2023
ISO/ASTM DIS 52943-2:2023(E)
3.2
additive procedure specification
APS
document that has been qualified and provides the required variables of the additive manufacturing
process to ensure repeatability during production
Note 1 to entry: Further information on the qualification of processes can be found in the ISO 15614 series.
3.3
key process variable
KPV
aspects of the manufacturing process that may impact the capability to meet the specified requirements
that include physical, chemical, metallurgical, mechanical and dimensional properties
[SOURCE: SAE AMS 7005]
3.4
engineering authority
organization that has the responsibility for the structural integrity or maintenance of airworthiness of
the hardware and compliance with all relevant documents
[SOURCE: ISO 24394:2018, 3.8]
3.5
build platform
base which provides a surface upon which the building of the part/s, is started and supported
throughout the build process
[SOURCE: ISO/ASTM 52900, 2.3.5]
3.6
substrate
base metal utilized to initiate the deposition of material thatmay remain a portion of the preform
[SOURCE: SAE AMS 7005]
4 Requirements for the feedstock
The properties of the feedstock to be used shall be specified. In order to guarantee a constant delivery
quality ISO 544, ISO 15792 (all parts) and ISO 14344 can be used. Typical properties include:
— feedstock diameter;
— chemical composition;
— surface condition;
— storage conditions;
— traceability (e.g. heat lot, batch).
5 Qualification of the machine operator
The qualification of the machine operator shall be carried out in accordance to ISO/ASTM DIS 52926-
5. Alternative qualification of machine operator may be carried out, if approved by the engineering
authority. Example of such are included in SAE AMS 7005:2019, 4.8 and Appendix C and ISO 24394 but
2
© ISO/ASTM International 2023 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 8 ----------------------
oSIST prEN ISO/ASTM 52943-2:2023
ISO/ASTM DIS 52943-2:2023(E)
with the following restrictions and additions. The operator checks subdivide into DED processes and
type of DED machine user interface.
NOTE DED processes within the scope of this document share many of the key characteristics with
established welding processes such as MIG/MAG (GMAW), TIG (GTAW) and plasma (PAW) as well as mixed
variants. The user interface is standardized or manufacturer-specific.
The machine operator sets up the machine for the process and prepares it for the product to be
manufactured. This is done on the basis of an APS and a prepared product-specific programme as well
as internal specifications.
Machine set-up can include the following:
— wire change;
— change of protective gas supply;
— replacement of wearing parts;
— cleaning of the machine;
— loading the production programme;
— inspection of the overall condition of the machine;
— maintenance.
A theoretical examination is required. The content of the theoretical examination shall be adapted
to the DED process and the DED machine type of user interface. Testing and evaluation are the
responsibility of the welding or additive manufacturing coordinator, examiner or examining body and
shall be documented. For the theoretical examination, the guidelines for the theoretical part of the
examination from ISO 24394 can be applied, if applicable. A company defined training program per
SAE AMS 7005:2019, Clause C.2 may be used if approved by the engineering authority.
In the practical part of the test, the machine operator shall prove their ability to operate the DED
machine according to an existing APS. Defined test pieces or production parts can be used for practical
testing.
An example for a certificate for a machine operator test can be found in Annex A, and the examination
shall be taken every 2 years to ensure certification to the process
6 Qualification of the DED machine
6.1 Machine Qualification
Each individual DED machine shall be qualified by a qualification test programme within its working
range, (see ISO 17662 or SAE AMS 7032 for information) as specified by the machine user and approved
by the engineering authority.
The machine qualification test programme shall include the main activities of calibration/verification,
deposition of test specimens and established maintenance plan.
Within the scope of this document, a DED machine can consist of the following components. Depending
on the type of machine, the following can be verified, if applicable:
— power source (see IEC 60974-14);
— moving axes (see ISO 14744-4, ISO 14744-5 and ISO 15616-2 for general guidance, although the
application is formally limited to beam welding, or for industrial robots see ISO 9283);
— wire feed rate according to the wire diameter and the wire feedstock;
3
© ISO/ASTM International 2023 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 9 ----------------------
oSIST prEN ISO/ASTM 52943-2:2023
ISO/ASTM DIS 52943-2:2023(E)
— wire straightening;
— wire alignment to melt pool feed point;
— machine environment;
— enclosure of the machine or the work area, if needed;
— machine controller;
— control systems (e.g. temperature, weld pool size, process height);
— process gases;
— hot wire system;
— appropriate build of test samples to evaluate the machine functionality;
— machine and auxiliary equipment software version(s);
— maintenance plan and maintenance is up to date;
— calibration plan and calibration is up to date;
— safety features for proper operation;
— floor layout for proper spacing to ot
...
Questions, Comments and Discussion
Ask us and Technical Secretary will try to provide an answer. You can facilitate discussion about the standard in here.