EN ISO 9831:2003
(Main)Animal feeding stuffs, animal products, and faeces or urine - Determination of gross calorific value - Bomb calorimeter method (ISO 9831:1998)
Animal feeding stuffs, animal products, and faeces or urine - Determination of gross calorific value - Bomb calorimeter method (ISO 9831:1998)
Futtermittel, tierische Produkte und Kot oder Urin - Bestimmung des effektiven Brennwerts - Verfahren mit der kalorimetrischen Bombe (ISO 9831:1998)
Diese Internationale Norm legt ein Verfahren zur Bestimmung des kalorischen Bruttowertes von Futtermitteln, tierischen Produkten und Kot oder Urin bei konstantem Volumen in einem adiabatischen, isothermen oder statischen Bombenkalorimeter fest.
Das mit diesem Verfahren gewonnene Ergebnis ist der kalorische Bruttowert der Prüfprobe bei konstantem Volumen, wobei das Wasser der Verbrennungsprodukte bei der Temperatur des Kalorimeters in den flüssigen Zustand kondensiert wird.
ANMERKUNG Die internationale Referenztemperatur von 25 °C für die Thermochemie wird als Referenztemperatur für den kalorischen Wert verwendet, obgleich die Temperaturabhängigkeit des kalorischen Wertes der Materialien, für die diese Internationale Norm gilt, gering ist (etwa 1 J × g-1 × K-1).
Aliments des animaux, produits d'origine animale et excréments ou urines - Détermination de la valeur calorifique brute - Méthode à la bombe calorimétrique (ISO 9831:1998)
Krma živalskega izvora, živalski proizvodi, blato, urin - Ugotavljanje skupne energijske vrednosti - Metoda s kalorimetrom (ISO 9831:1998)
General Information
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-maj-2004
Krma živalskega izvora, živalski proizvodi, blato, urin - Ugotavljanje skupne
energijske vrednosti - Metoda s kalorimetrom (ISO 9831:1998)
Animal feeding stuffs, animal products, and faeces or urine - Determination of gross
calorific value - Bomb calorimeter method (ISO 9831:1998)
Futtermittel, tierische Produkte und Kot oder Urin - Bestimmung des effektiven
Brennwerts - Verfahren mit der kalorimetrischen Bombe (ISO 9831:1998)
Aliments des animaux, produits d'origine animale et excréments ou urines -
Détermination de la valeur calorifique brute - Méthode a la bombe calorimétrique (ISO
9831:1998)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 9831:2003
ICS:
65.120 Krmila Animal feeding stuffs
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN ISO 9831
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
November 2003
ICS 65.120
English version
Animal feeding stuffs, animal products, and faeces or urine -
Determination of gross calorific value - Bomb calorimeter
method (ISO 9831:1998)
Aliments des animaux, produits d'origine animale et Futtermittel, tierische Produkte und Kot oder Urin -
excréments ou urines - Détermination de la valeur Bestimmung des effektiven Brennwerts - Verfahren mit der
calorifique brute - Méthode à la bombe calorimétrique (ISO kalorimetrischen Bombe (ISO 9831:1998)
9831:1998)
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 13 November 2003.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European
Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national
standards may be obtained on application to the Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Management Centre has the same status as the official
versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece,
Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United
Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels
© 2003 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN ISO 9831:2003 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
Foreword
The text of ISO 9831:1998 has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 34 "Agricultural
food products” of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and has been taken
over as EN ISO 9831:2003 by Technical Committee CEN/TC 327 "Animal feeding stuffs -
Methods of sampling and analysis", the secretariat of which is held by NEN.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of
an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by May 2004, and conflicting national standards
shall be withdrawn at the latest by May 2004.
According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of
the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Czech
Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and
the United Kingdom.
Endorsement notice
The text of ISO 9831:1998 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 9831:2003 without any
modifications.
NOTE Normative references to International Standards are listed in annex ZA (normative).
Annex ZA
(normative)
Normative references to international publications
with their relevant European publications
This European Standard incorporates by dated or undated reference, provisions from other
publications. These normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text and the
publications are listed hereafter. For dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of
any of these publications apply to this European Standard only when incorporated in it by
amendment or revision. For undated references the latest edition of the publication referred to
applies (including amendments).
NOTE Where an International Publication has been modified by common modifications, indicated
by (mod.), the relevant EN/HD applies.
Publication Year Title EN Year
ISO 3696 1987 Water for analytical laboratory use - EN ISO 3696 1995
Specification and test methods
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 9831
First edition
1998-08-01
Animal feeding stuffs, animal products, and
faeces or urine — Determination of gross
calorific value — Bomb calorimeter method
Aliments des animaux, produits d'origine animale et excréments ou
urines — Détermination de la valeur calorifique brute — Méthode à la
bombe calorimétrique
A
Reference number
ISO 9831:1998(E)
ISO 9831:1998(E)
Contents
1 Scope. 1
Normative references .
2 1
3 Definitions . 2
4 Principle . 2
5 Reagents and materials. 2
6 Apparatus . 3
7 Sampling. 4
8 Preparation of test sample and test portion. 4
9 Procedure . 5
10 Corrections . 7
11 Expression of results . 9
12 Precision . 10
13 Test report . 11
Annex A (normative) Determination of the effective heat capacity of
the calorimeter . 12
Annex B (normative) Special procedures for preparation of the test
sample . 14
Annex C (informative) Method of checking that the average deviation
of the rate of change of temperature is within the specified limit . 16
Annex D (informative) Examples of calculating the results of calorific
determinations . 18
Annex E (informative) Results of interlaboratory tests. 22
Annex F (informative) Bibliography. 23
© ISO 1998
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced
or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and
microfilm, without permission in writing from the publisher.
International Organization for Standardization
Case postale 56 • CH-1211 Genève 20 • Switzerland
Internet iso@iso.ch
Printed in Switzerland
ii
©
ISO ISO 9831:1998(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide
federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of
preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which
a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented
on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-
governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collab-
orates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on
all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are
circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International
Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting
a vote.
International Standard ISO 9831 was prepared by Technical Committee
ISO/TC 34, Agricultural food products, Subcommittee SC 10, Animal
feeding stuffs.
Annexes A and B are an integral part of this International Standard.
Annexes C to F are for information only.
iii
©
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO ISO 9831:1998(E)
Animal feeding stuffs, animal products, and faeces or urine —
Determination of gross calorific value — Bomb calorimeter method
1 Scope
This International Standard specifies a method for the determination of the gross calorific value of animal feeding
stuffs, animal products and faeces or urine at constant volume in an adiabatic, an isothermal, or a static bomb
calorimeter.
The result obtained by this method is the gross calorific value of the test sample at constant volume, the water of
the combustion products being condensed to liquid at the calorimeter temperature.
NOTE The international reference temperature for thermochemistry of 25 °C is used as the reference temperature for calorific
value, although the temperature dependence of the calorific value of the materials to which this International Standard applies
21 21
is small (about 1 J·g ·K ).
2 Normative references
The following standards contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this
International Standard. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All standards are subject to
revision, and parties to agreements based on this International Standard are encouraged to investigate the
possibility of applying the most recent editions of the standards indicated below. Members of IEC and ISO maintain
registers of currently valid International Standards.
ISO 651:1975, Solid-stem calorimeter thermometers.
ISO 652:1975, Enclosed-scale calorimeter thermometers.
ISO 1770:1981, Solid-stem general purpose thermometers.
ISO 1771:1981, Enclosed-scale general purpose thermometers.
ISO 1928:1995, Solid mineral fuels — Determination of gross calorific value by the bomb calorimeter method, and
calculation of net calorific value.
ISO 3696:1987, Water for analytical laboratory use — Specification and test methods.
1)
ISO 6496:— , Animal feeding stuffs — Determination of moisture and volatile matter content.
2)
ISO 6498:— , Animal feeding stuffs — Preparation of test samples.
1) To be published. (Revision of ISO 6496:1983)
2) To be published. (Revision of ISO 6498:1983)
©
ISO
ISO 9831:1998(E)
3 Definitions
For the purposes of this International Standard, the definitions given in ISO 1928 apply.
4 Principle
Combustion of a weighed portion of the test sample in oxygen in a bomb calorimeter under standardized conditions.
Calculation of the gross calorific value from the temperature rise of the water in the calorimeter vessel and the mean
effective heat capacity of the calorimeter. Allowances are made for the heat released by the ignition fuse, for
thermochemical corrections and, where appropriate, for heat losses from the calorimeter to the water jacket.
5 Reagents and materials
Use only reagents of recognized analytical grade.
5.1 Water, complying with at least grade 3 in accordance with ISO 3696.
5.2 Oxygen, at a pressure capable of filling the bomb to 3 MPa and free from combustible matter.
NOTE 1 Oxygen manufactured by an electrolytic process may contain up to 4 % of hydrogen and is therefore unsuitable.
NOTE 2 1 MPa = 1 MN/m .
5.3 Fuse, comprising the following.
5.3.1 Firing wire, nickel/chromium wire (0,16 mm to 0,20 mm in diameter), or platinum wire (0,06 mm to 0,10 mm
in diameter).
5.3.2 Cotton thread, white cellulose.
5.3.3 Polyethylene strip, thin film of dimensions 30 mm by 5 mm.
5.4 Polyethylene bags, of dimensions 68 mm by 110 mm.
, of dimensions 50 mm by 55 mm, and mass approximately 170 mg.
5.5 Polyethylene bags
5.6 Silica gel, chromatographic-grade powder.
5.7 Sodium hydroxide solution, standard volumetric solution, c(NaOH) = 0,1 mol/l.
5.8 Screened methyl orange indicator solution, r = 1 g/l.
Dissolve 0,25 g of methyl orange and 0,15 g of xylene cyanol FF in 50 ml of 95 % (V/V) ethanol and dilute to 250 ml
with water.
5.9 Benzoic acid, thermochemical standard, certified by a national testing authority.
Drying or any treatment other than pelleting shall not be carried out.
The gross calorific value at constant volume of the benzoic acid, listed in the certificate for the conditions of use,
shall be adopted in calculating the effective heat capacity of the calorimeter (see annex A).
©
ISO
ISO 9831:1998(E)
6 Apparatus
Usual laboratory apparatus and, in particular, the following.
, capable of withstanding safely the pressure developed during combustion.
6.1 Bomb
The design shall permit complete recovery of all liquid products.
The construction materials shall resist corrosion by the acids produced by the combustion.
CAUTION — Inspect bomb parts regularly for wear and corrosion. Pay particular attention to the condition
of the threads of the main closure.
6.2 Calorimeter vessel, made of metal, highly polished on the outside and capable of holding sufficient water to
cover completely the flat upper surface of the bomb while the water is being stirred.
The vessel shall be provided with a console to centre the b
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