EN 60745-1:2009

Hand-held motor-operated electric tools - Safety - Part 1: General requirements

Deals with the safety of hand-held motor-operated or magnetically driven electric tools, the rated voltage of the tools being not more than 250 V for single-phase a.c. or d.c. tools, and 440 V for three-phase a.c. tools. This standard deals with the common hazards presented by hand-held tools which are encountered by all persons in the normal use and reasonably foreseeable misuse of the tools.

Handgeführte motorbetriebene Elektrowerkzeuge - Sicherheit - Teil 1: Allgemeine Anforderungen -

Outils électroportatifs à moteur - Sécurité - Partie 1: Règles générales

S'applique aux outils portatifs à moteur électrique ou à entraînement magnétique, la tension assignée des outils n'étant pas supérieure à 250 V pour les outils à courant monophasé alternatif ou continu et à 440 V pour les outils à courant alternatif triphasé. La présente norme traite des risques ordinaires présentés par les outils portatifs, encourus par tous les individus dans l'utilisation normale et dans l'utilisation impropre prévisible de ces outils.

Električna ročna orodja - Varnost - 1. del: Splošne zahteve (IEC 60745-1:2006, spremenjen)

Ta del IEC 60745 se ukvarja z varnostjo električnih ali magnetno gnanih ročnih orodij, katerih ocenjena napetost ni več kot 250 V za enofazna orodja z izmeničnim ali enosmernim tokom in 440 V za trifazna orodja z izmeničnim tokom. Dokler je predvideno, se ta standard ukvarja s splošnimi nevarnostmi, ki jih predstavljajo ročna orodja, s katerimi se srečujejo vse osebe pri običajni uporabi in razumno predvideni napačni uporabi orodij.     Orodja z električnim grelnim elementom so na področju uporabe tega standarda. Prav tako morajo biti skladna s pomembnimi deli IEC 60335. Zahteve za motorje, ki niso ločeni od napajanja in nimajo osnovne izolacije, načrtovane za ocenjene napetosti orodij, so podane v Dodatku B. Zahteve za baterijska, električna ali magnetno gnana orodja z zmožnostjo ponovnega polnjenja in komplete baterij za taka orodja so podane v Dodatku K. Za tista orodja, ki so upravljana in/ali polnjena neposredno iz glavnih vodov ali neizoliranih virov, so podane v Dodatku L. Ročna električna orodja, v nadaljevanju orodja, ki se lahko namestijo na podporo ali delovno stojalo za uporabo kot pritrjena orodja brez menjave samega orodja, so na področja uporabe tega standarda.    Zahteve za take podpore ali delovna stojala so podane v Dodatku M. Ta standard ne velja za: - ročna orodja za uporabo v prisotnosti eksplozivnih atmosfer (prah, hlapi ali plin); - ročna orodja, uporabljena za pripravo in predelavo hrane; - ročna orodja za medicinske potrebe (IEC 60601); - orodja za segrevanje, ki so zajeta v IEC 60335-2-45. Za ročna orodja za uporabo v vozilih ali na krovu ladij ali zračnih plovil so lahko potrebne dodatne zahteve. Za ročna orodja za uporabo v tropski državah so lahko potrebne posebne zahteve.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 19-Jul-2009
• ICS: 01.040.11 - Health care technology (Vocabularies)
• ICS: 11.040.01 - Medical equipment in general
• ICS: 11.120.01 - Pharmaceutics in general
• ICS: 25.140.20 - Electric tools
• Technical Committee: CLC/TC 116 - Safety of hand-held motor-operated electric tools
• Drafting Committee: IEC/TC 116 - Safety of hand-held motor-operated electric tools
• Parallel Committee: IEC/SC 61F - IEC_SC_61F --> TC 116
• Current Stage: 6060 - Document made available
• Start Date: 01-Mar-2009
• Due Date: 31-Mar-2009
• Completion Date: 20-Jul-2009
• Directive: 2006/42/EC - Directive 2006/42/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 17 May 2006 on machinery, and amending Directive 95/16/EC (recast)
• Directive: 93/42/EEC - Council Directive 93/42/EEC of 14 June 1993 concerning medical devices
• Directive: 98/37/EC - Machinery
• Directive: 98/79/EC - Directive 98/79/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 27 October 1998 on in vitro diagnostic medical devices
• Mandate: M/023 - Standardization mandate to CEN/CENELEC concerning the development of European standards relating to medical devices
• Mandate: M/396 - Mandate to CEN and Cenelec for standardisation in the field of machinery
• Ref Project: SIST EN 60745-1:2009 - Hand-held motor-operated electric tools - Safety -- Part 1: General requirements

RELATIONS

• Replaces: EN 60745-1:2006 - Hand-held motor-operated electric tools - Safety - Part 1: General requirements
• Effective Date: 13-May-2010
• Revised: EN 60745-1:2006 - Hand-held motor-operated electric tools - Safety - Part 1: General requirements
• Effective Date: 06-May-2014
• Amended By: EN 60745-1:2009/prAB:2012 - Hand-held motor-operated electric tools - Safety - Part 1: General requirements
• Effective Date: 04-Oct-2011
• Replaced By: EN 62841-1:2015 - Electric motor-operated hand-held tools, transportable tools and lawn and garden machinery - Safety - Part 1: General requirements
• Effective Date: 08-Oct-2012
• Revised: EN 62841-1:2015 - Electric motor-operated hand-held tools, transportable tools and lawn and garden machinery - Safety - Part 1: General requirements
• Effective Date: 06-May-2014
• Amended By: EN 60745-1:2009/A11:2010 - Hand-held motor-operated electric tools - Safety - Part 1: General requirements
• Effective Date: 21-Sep-2010

Standards Content (sample)

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN 60745-1:2009
01-december-2009
1DGRPHãþD
SIST EN 60745-1:2006
(OHNWULþQDURþQDRURGMD9DUQRVWGHO6SORãQH]DKWHYH,(&
VSUHPHQMHQ
Hand-held motor-operated electric tools - Safety -- Part 1: General requirements
Handgeführte motorbetriebene Elektrowerkzeuge - Sicherheit -- Teil 1: Allgemeine
Anforderungen
Outils électroportatifs à moteur - Sécurité -- Partie 1: Règles générales
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 60745-1:2009
ICS:
25.140.20 (OHNWULþQDRURGMD Electric tools
SIST EN 60745-1:2009 en,fr,de

2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
SIST EN 60745-1:2009
---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
SIST EN 60745-1:2009
EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN 60745-1
NORME EUROPÉENNE
July 2009
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 25.140.20 Supersedes EN 60745-1:2006
English version
Hand-held motor-operated electric tools -
Safety -
Part 1: General requirements
(IEC 60745-1:2006, modified)
Outils électroportatifs à moteur - Handgeführte motorbetriebene
Sécurité - Elektrowerkzeuge -
Partie 1: Règles générales Sicherheit -
(CEI 60745-1:2006, modifiée) Teil 1: Allgemeine Anforderungen
(IEC 60745-1:2006, modifiziert)

This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 2009-03-01. CENELEC members are bound to comply

with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard

the status of a national standard without any alteration.

Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on

application to the Central Secretariat or to any CENELEC member.

This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other

language made by translation under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and notified

to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions.

CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, the

Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia,

Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain,

Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom.
CENELEC
European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization
Comité Européen de Normalisation Electrotechnique
Europäisches Komitee für Elektrotechnische Normung
Central Secretariat: Avenue Marnix 17, B - 1000 Brussels

© 2009 CENELEC - All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC members.

Ref. No. EN 60745-1:2009 E
---------------------- Page: 3 ----------------------
SIST EN 60745-1:2009
- 2 - EN 60745-1:2009
Foreword

The text of document 61F/632/FDIS, future edition 4 of IEC 60745-1, prepared by SC 61F, Safety

of hand-held motor-operated electric tools, of IEC TC 61, Safety of household and similar

electrical appliances, was submitted to the IEC-CENELEC parallel vote.
A draft amendment, prepared by the Technical Committee CENELEC TC 61F, Safety of

hand-held and transportable motor-operated electric tools, was submitted to the formal vote.

The combined texts were approved by CENELEC as EN 60745-1 on 2006-06-01.

Two draft amendments (prAB and prAC), prepared by the Technical Committee CENELEC

TC 61F (transformed into CENELEC TC 116, Safety of hand-held motor-operated electric tools),

were submitted to the Unique Acceptance Procedure.

The text of EN 60745-1:2006 together with that of the draft amendments prAB and prAC were

approved by CENELEC as a new edition of EN 60745-1 on 2009-03-01.
This European Standard supersedes EN 60745-1:2006.
The following dates were fixed:
– latest date by which the EN has to be implemented
at national level by publication of an identical
(dop) 2009-12-29
national standard or by endorsement
– latest date by which the national standards conflicting
(dow) 2009-12-29
with the EN have to be withdrawn

This European Standard has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN and CENELEC by the

European Commission and the European Free Trade Association and supports the essential

health and safety requirements of the Machinery Directive 2006/42/EC.
This European Standard is divided into two parts:

Part 1: General requirements which are common to most hand-held electric motor operated tools

(for the purpose of this standard referred to simply as tools) which could come within the

scope of this standard;

Part 2: Requirements for particular types of tools which either supplement or modify the

requirements given in Part 1 to account for the particular hazards and characteristics of

these specific tools.

Compliance with the relevant clauses of Part 1 together with a relevant Part 2 of this standard

provides one means of conforming with the essential health and safety requirements of the

Directive concerned.

A relevant Part 2 is one in which the type of the tool or an accessory which is to be used with the

tool is within the scope of that Part 2.

When a relevant Part 2 does not exist, Part 1 can help to establish the requirements for the tool,

but will not by itself provide a means of conforming to the relevant essential health and safety

requirements of the Machinery Directive.

Other standards referred to in this European Standard are also listed in Annex ZA, which gives

the valid edition of those documents at the time of issue of this EN.
---------------------- Page: 4 ----------------------
SIST EN 60745-1:2009
- 3 - EN 60745-1:2009

CEN Technical Committees have produced a range of standards dealing with a similar range of

non-electrically powered tools. Where necessary, normative references are made to these

standards in the relevant Part 2.
This European Standard follows the overall requirements of EN ISO 12100-1 and
EN ISO 12100-2.

Subclauses, tables and figures which are additional to those in IEC 60745-1 are prefixed “Z”.

NOTE 1 In this standard the following print types are used:
- requirements proper; in roman type
- test specifications: in italic type;
- explanatory matter: in smaller roman type.

NOTE 2 In Annexes B, K, L and M, subclauses which are additional to those in the main body of the text are numbered

starting from 201.
---------------------- Page: 5 ----------------------
SIST EN 60745-1:2009
- 4 - EN 60745-1:2009
Endorsement notice

The text of the International Standard IEC 60745-1:2006 was approved by CENELEC as a European

Standard with agreed common modifications as given below.
COMMON MODIFICATIONS
1 Scope
Add to the 6 paragraph:
− tools intended to be used with cosmetics or pharmaceutical products;
2 Normative references
Add the following normative references:

CR 1030-1:1995, Hand-arm vibration - Guidelines for vibration hazards reduction -

Part 1: Engineering methods by design of machinery

EN 12096:1997, Mechanical vibration - Declaration and verification of vibration emission values

EN 27574-4:1988, Acoustics - Statistical methods for determining and verifying stated noise

emission values of machinery and equipment - Part 4: Methods for stated values for batches of

machines (ISO 7574-4:1985)

EN ISO 8041:2005, Human response to vibration - Measuring instrumentation (ISO 8041:2005)

EN ISO 3744:1995, Acoustics - Determination of sound power levels of noise sources using

sound pressure - Engineering method in an essentially free field over a reflecting plane

(ISO 3744:1994)

EN ISO 4871:1996, Acoustics - Declaration and verification of noise emission values of machinery

and equipment (ISO 4871:1996)

EN ISO 5349 (all parts), Mechanical vibration - Measurement and evaluation of human exposure

to hand-transmitted vibration (ISO 5349 all parts)

EN ISO 11203:1995, Acoustics - Noise emitted by machinery and equipment - Determination of

emission sound pressure levels at a work station and at other specified positions from the sound

power level (ISO 11203:1995)

EN ISO 11688-1:1998, Acoustics - Recommended practice for the design of low-noise machinery

and equipment - Part 1: Planning (ISO/TR 11688-1:1995)

EN ISO 11690-3:1998, Acoustics - Recommended practice for the design of low-noise workplaces

containing machinery - Part 3: Sound propagation and noise prediction in workrooms

(ISO/TR 11690-3:1997)

ISO 5347 (all parts), Methods for the calibration of vibration and shock pick-ups

ISO 16063-1:1998, Methods for the calibration of vibration and shock transducers - Part 1: Basic

concepts
---------------------- Page: 6 ----------------------
SIST EN 60745-1:2009
- 5 - EN 60745-1:2009
Replace the existing Clause 6 - Void, by the following:
6 Environmental requirements
6.1 Noise
6.1.1 Noise reduction

Noise reduction at tools is an integral part of the design process and shall be achieved by

particularly applying measures at source to control noise, see for example EN ISO 11688-1. The

success of the applied noise reduction measures is assessed on the basis of the actual noise

emission values in relation to other machines of the same type with comparable non acoustical

technical data.
The major sound sources of tools are: motor, fan, gear.
6.1.2 Noise test code (grade 2)
6.1.2.1 General

Noise emission values like the emission sound pressure level L and the sound power level

L to be quoted in the user instructions as required by 8.12.2 Za)1) shall be measured according

to the test procedure described in 6.1.2.1 to 6.1.2.6.

The noise emission may be determined by using the measurements from a machine which has

design and technical specifications replicating the machine concerned.

The overall noise can be divided into the pure machine noise and the noise of processing the

workpiece. Both are influenced by the method of operation, however for percussive tools the

noise emission of the workpiece can be dominant. The load conditions for particular tools are

therefore specified in the relevant Part 2.

Noise emission values obtained under these measurement conditions will not necessarily

correspond to the noise levels produced under the operational conditions of practical use.

NOTE It is not possible to simulate all conditions of practical use. A statement of process noise could

therefore
- be misleading and cause faulty assessment of the risk in individual cases,
- discourage the development of more silent machines,

- lead to low repeatability of measurements and thus cause problems when verifying declared noise values,

- make the comparison of the noise emission from different tools difficult.
6.1.2.2 Sound power level determination

The sound power level shall be measured according to EN ISO 3744, where the acoustic

environment, instrumentation, quantities to be measured, quantities to be determined, and the

measurement procedure are specified.

The sound power level shall be given as A-weighted sound power level in dB reference 1 pW. The

A-weighted sound pressure levels, from which the sound power is to be determined, shall be

measured directly, and not calculated from frequency band data. Measurements shall be made in

an essentially free field over a reflecting plane.

For all hand-held electric power tools, the sound power level shall be determined by using a

hemispherical / cylindrical measurement surface according to Figure Z2.
---------------------- Page: 7 ----------------------
SIST EN 60745-1:2009
- 6 - EN 60745-1:2009

The hemispherical / cylindrical measurement surface is described by a hemisphere standing on a

cylindrical pedestal (see Figure Z2). Five microphone positions shall be located 1 m from the

geometric centre of the power tool. Four positions shall be spaced at regular intervals on a plane

defined as passing through the geometric centre of the power tool and parallel to the reflecting

plane; the fifth position shall be located at a distance of 1 m above geometric centre of the power

tool.

The A-weighted sound power level, L , shall be calculated, in accordance with Subclause 8.6 of

EN ISO 3744 as follows:
L = L +10lg( ) , in dB (Z1)
WA pfA
with L determined from
pfA
 
1 ′
0,1L
pA,i
L = 10lg 10 − K − K
 
pfA 1A 2A
 
i=1
 
where
A-weighted surface sound pressure level according to EN ISO 3744
pfA
L′

pA,i A-weighted sound pressure level measured at the i microphone position, in dB

1A background noise correction, A-weighted
2A environmental correction, A-weighted
S area of the measurement surface, in m
S = 1 m

For the hemispherical / cylindrical measurement surface shown in Figure Z2, the area S of the

measurement surface is calculated as follows:
S = 2π(R + Rd) , in m. (Z2)
where

d = 1 m is the height of the distance of the geometrical centre of the power tool above the

reflecting plane
and

R = 1 m is the radius of the hemisphere and of the cylinder which comprise the measurement

surface.
Therefore,
S = 4π m ,
so, from equation (Z1)
L = L +11, in dB. (Z3)
WA pfA
---------------------- Page: 8 ----------------------
SIST EN 60745-1:2009
- 7 - EN 60745-1:2009
6.1.2.3 Emission sound pressure level determination

The A-weighted emission sound pressure level at the work station, L , shall be determined in

accordance with EN ISO 11203 as follows:
L = L −Q , in dB (Z4)
pA WA
where
Q = 11, in dB

NOTE 1 This value of Q has been determined, during experimental investigations, to be applicable to hand-held power

tools. The resulting A-weighted emission sound pressure level at the workstation is equivalent to the value of the surface

sound pressure level at a distance of 1 m from the power tool. This distance has been chosen to give satisfactory

reproducibility of results, and to permit comparison of the acoustic performance of different hand-held power tools which

do not, in general, have uniquely defined work stations. Under free field conditions, where it may be required to estimate

the emission sound pressure level, L , at a distance r in m from the geometric centre of the power tool, this may be

pA1 1
done by applying the formula:
L = L + 20 lg ( ), in dB
pA1 pA

NOTE 2 At any given position in relation to a particular machine, and for given mounting and operating conditions, the

emission sound pressure levels determined by the method of this European Standard will in general be lower than the

directly measured sound pressure levels for the same machine in the typical workroom where it is used. This is due to

the influence of sound reflecting surfaces in the workroom compared to the free field conditions of the test specified here.

A method of calculating the sound pressure levels in the vicinity of a machine operating alone in a workroom is given in

EN ISO 11690-3. Commonly observed differences are 1 dB to 5 dB, but in extreme cases the difference may be even

greater.

If required, the C-weighted peak emission sound pressure level L shall be measured at each

pCpeak

of the five measurement positions specified in 6.1.2.2. The C-weighted peak emission sound

pressure level at the work station is the highest C-weighted peak sound pressure level measured

at any of the five microphone positions; no corrections are permitted.

6.1.2.4 Installation and mounting conditions of the power tools during noise tests

The installation and mounting conditions shall be the same for the determination of both sound

power level and emission sound pressure level at the work station.

The power tool under test shall be new and equipped with accessories which affect the acoustic

properties, as recommended by the manufacturer. Prior to commencing testing, the power tool

(including any required ancillary equipment) shall be set up in a stable condition in accordance

with the manufacturer’s instructions for safe use.

The tool is held by the operator or suspended in such a way as to correspond to normal use, as

specified in the relevant Part 2.

If the power tool is used horizontally, it shall be positioned so that its axis is at 45 between the

microphone positions 1 – 4 and 2 – 3; its geometrical centre shall be 1 m above the ground

(reflecting plane). If these requirements are impracticable or the tool is not used horizontally, the

adopted positions shall be recorded and described in the test report.

The operator shall not be positioned directly between any microphone position and the power tool.

6.1.2.5 Operating conditions

The operating conditions shall be identical for the determination of both sound power level and

emission sound pressure level at the work station.
Measurements shall be carried out on a new tool.
---------------------- Page: 9 ----------------------
SIST EN 60745-1:2009
- 8 - EN 60745-1:2009

Tools are tested under the two operating conditions “no load” or “load” as appropriate for the type

of tool and specified in the relevant Part 2. Before starting the test, the tool shall be operated

under these conditions for a period of at least 1 min.

A measurement under “load” is to be carried out during processing of a workpiece or under

external mechanical load equivalent to normal operation.

Where tests are required to be carried out on a bench it shall be in accordance with the test bench

shown in Figure Z1.

Care shall be taken that the location of the work piece on its support does not adversely affect the

result of the test. If necessary, or when specified in the Part 2, the work piece shall be supported

on a resilient material 20 mm thick compressed to 10 mm under the weight of the work piece.

Three consecutive tests for no-load or five for load shall be carried out and the result of the test

L shall be the arithmetic mean, rounded to the nearest decibel, of the three or five tests.

During measurements, the power tool shall operate under stable conditions. Once the noise

emission is steady, the measurement time interval shall be at least 15 s, unless the operating

conditions specified in the relevant Part 2 require another time interval. If measurements are to be

made in octave or one-third octave frequency bands, the minimum period of observation shall be

30 s for the frequency bands centred on or below 160 Hz, and 15 s for the frequency bands

centred on or above 200 Hz.
6.1.2.6 Measurement uncertainties

A standard deviation of reproducibility of less than 1,5 dB is expected for the A-weighted sound

power level determined according to EN ISO 3744 and the A-weighted emission sound pressure

level determined according to EN ISO 11203.
6.1.2.7 Information to be recorded

The information to be recorded covers all of the technical requirements of this noise test code.

Any deviations from this noise test code or from the basic standards upon which it is based are to

be recorded together with the technical justification for such deviations.
6.1.2.8 Information to be reported

The information to be included in the test report is at least that which is required to prepare a

noise declaration or to verify the declared values. Thus as a minimum the following information

shall be included:
− reference to this noise test code and to the basic standards used;
− description of the power tool;
− description of the mounting and operating conditions;
− the noise emission values obtained.

It shall be confirmed that all requirements of the noise test code have been fulfilled, or, if this is

not the case, any unfulfilled requirements shall be identified. Deviations from the requirements

shall be stated and technical justification for the deviations shall be given.
---------------------- Page: 10 ----------------------
SIST EN 60745-1:2009
- 9 - EN 60745-1:2009
6.1.2.9 Declaration and verification of noise emission values

The declaration of the noise emission values as specified in 8.12.2 Za) 1) shall be a dual number

according to EN ISO 4871. It shall declare the noise emission value L (L , L and L ) and

pA pCpeak WA
the respective uncertainty K (K , K and K ).
pA pCpeak WA

For a standard deviation of reproducibility of 1,5 dB and for a typical standard deviation of

production, the values for the uncertainty, K , K and K respectively, are expected to be

pA pCpeak WA
3 dB.

The noise declaration shall state that the noise emission values have been obtained according to

this noise test code. If this statement is not true, the noise declaration shall indicate clearly what

the deviations from this standard, and from the basic standards, are.

NOTE If the measured value is the average based on a sample of three power tools that has been properly sampled,

then K normally is 3 dB. Further guidance on sampling and uncertainty terms is given in EN 27574-4 and EN ISO 4871.

Additional noise emission quantities may also be given in the declaration.

If undertaken, the verification shall be performed for a batch of power tools, in accordance with

Subclause 6.3 of EN ISO 4871. The verification shall be conducted by using the same mounting,

installation and operating conditions as those used for the initial determination of noise emission

values.
6.2 Vibration
6.2.1 Vibration reduction

The vibration at the handles shall be kept as low as possible without unduly affecting the

performance and the ergonomics (weight, handling, etc.) of the tool.

In particular vibration shall be reduced by the application of engineering measures as given in

CR 1030-1. The success of the applied vibration measures is assessed by comparing the

vibration levels for the tool with those for other tools of the same type and with a comparable

specification and performance.
6.2.2 Vibration measurement – General

Details for particular types of tools are given in the relevant Part 2. The test code gives all the

information necessary to carry out efficiently the determination, declaration and verification of the

vibration emission characteristics. It shall allow comparison of test results for different tools.

The vibration total value may be determined by using the measurements from a machine which

has design and technical specifications replicating the machine concerned.

EN 12096 gives guidance on how to declare the vibration total values of machinery, and specifies

requirements for verification of declared values.

The vibration levels for hand-arm vibration a to be quoted in the user instructions, as required by

8.12.2 Za) 3) shall be measured in accordance with the following test procedure.

The uncertainty K is provided as an indication of the measured deviation from the mean during

the test.

The measurement and assessment of human exposure to hand-transmitted vibration in the

workplace is given in EN ISO 5349-1 and EN ISO 5349-2.
NOTE Annex ZB provides information on possible sources of errors of measurement.
---------------------- Page: 11 ----------------------
SIST EN 60745-1:2009
- 10 - EN 60745-1:2009
6.2.3 Symbols
In this subclause, the following symbols are used:

a (t) instantaneous single-axis acceleration value of the frequency-weighted hand-

transmitted vibration at time t, in m/s²
a root-mean-square (r.m.s.) single-axis acceleration value of the frequency-
weighted hand-transmitted vibration, in m/s²
a , a , a values of a in m/s², for the axes denoted X, Y and Z respectively
hwx hwy hwz hw

a vibration total value of frequency-weighted r.m.s. acceleration, in m/s²; it is the

root-sum-of-squares of the a values for the three measured axes of vibration

a arithmetic mean total vibration value of the measurement results of all runs and

operators in m/s², this is the result of the test
σ standard deviation of reproducibility
K uncertainty of a in m/s

C coefficient of variation of a test series, defined as the ratio of the standard

deviation of a series of measurement values and the mean value of the series:
N−1
C =
where
s = (a − a ) is the standard deviation
N−1 hvi hv
N −1
i = 1
is the mean vibration total value of the series of 5 measurements in m/s²
a is the i-th vibration total value of one series of measurements in m/s²
hvi
N is the number of measured values within one series of measurements
(here N = 5)
6.2.4 Characterisation of vibration
6.2.4.1 Direction of measurement

Vibration transmitted to the hand is related to the three orthogonal directions X, Y and Z as shown

in Figure Z3. For particular types of tools, these directions may be defined in the relevant Part 2.

6.2.4.2 Location of measurement

Measurements shall be made in three directions at each hand position. All measurements shall be

conducted simultaneously.

Measurements shall be carried out as close as possible to the hand between the thumb and the

index finger, where an operator normally holds the machine.
---------------------- Page: 12 ----------------------
SIST EN 60745-1:2009
- 11 - EN 60745-1:2009

For vibration isolated stick type side handles, the transducer may alternatively be placed half way

along the length of the handle. In this case, in order not to disturb the operator’s normal grip, the

transducer shall be placed inside the handle.

If gripping areas are covered by soft surface material, precaution shall be taken to avoid

resonance effects of the transducer mounting. If soft surface material is provided in the gripping

area it shall be removed or strongly compressed by a transducer mounting clamp or suitable

adaptor.

The measurement positions for particular types of tools are specified in the relevant Part 2.

When machines are operated with more than one grip or grasping surface, the vibration at the

hand positions where an operator normally holds the tool during normal operation shall be

measured and recorded. If it can be shown that the vibration magnitude at one grip is always

dominant, the vibration test code may specify that measurements are made only at that gripping

zone.
6.2.4.3 Magnitude of vibration

The quantity used to describe the magnitude of vibration shall be the frequency-weighted

acceleration a in m/s².
Frequency weighting in accordance with EN ISO 5349-1 shall be used.

The r.m.s. value a in accordance with this European Standard is defined as the r.m.s. value of

the frequency-weighted acceleration signal a (t):
1/ 2
 
a = a (t) dt (Z5)
 
hw hw
 
 0 

An integrating device equipped with linear integration facilities shall be used in order to obtain

r.m.s. values of signals substantially varying with time.

The measurement time shall be as long as reasonably possible and normally not less than 8 s for

hand-transmitted vibration measurements.

If the measurement time of 8 s for individual machines is not possible, e.g. because of short

duration of operation (defined in 6.2.6.3), this shall be specified in the relevant Part 2 of this

standard.
6.2.4.4 Combination of vibration directions
The vibration total value a is determined from
1/ 2
2 2 2
a =[]a + a + a (Z6)
hv hwx hwy hwz
where

a , a , a are the r.m.s. values of the frequency-weighted acceleration in the directions X,

hwx hwy hwz
Y and Z, respectively.
6.2.5 Instrumentation requirements
6.2.5.1 General
The vibration measurement equipment shall be in accordance with EN ISO 8041.
---------------------- Page: 13 ----------------------
SIST EN 60745-1:2009
- 12 - EN 60745-1:2009

Instrumentation for measuring other parameters (e.g. for controlling the working conditions),

whose characteristics are not covered by EN ISO 8041, shall be specified in the relevant Part 2.

6.2.5.2 Transducers
6.2.5.2.1 Specification of transducers

The vibration values as specified in 6.2.4.3 shall be measured using transducers and other

appropriate measurement equipment conforming to EN ISO 8041.

The total mass of the vibration transducer and its mounting shall not be sufficient to influence the

measurement result and shall not be more than 5 g for each direction of measurement.

NOTE Lightweight plastic handles are an example, where heavy transducers may not be suitable. See EN ISO 5349-2

for further information.

Factors such as the transverse sensitivity (less than 10 %), the ambient temperature range, the

typical temperature transient sensitivity and the maximum shock acceleration shall be considered

in the selection of transducers.
6.2.5.2.2 Fastening of transducers

Guidance on mounting of transducers is given in EN ISO 5349-2. The transducer and the

mechanical filter, if used, shall be mounted rigidly and on the vibrating surface.

Mechanical filters or other appropriate means may be needed to minimize measurement errors

likely to occur when measuring vibration containing impulsive elements, such as occur in

percussive tools. For more details, see EN ISO 5349-2.

NOTE High acceleration in the high-frequency components of the vibration can cause the transducer to generate false

signals (e.g. dc shift) in the frequency range of interest because of excitation of the resonance of the transducer itself.

6.2.5.3 Calibration of the measurement chain

The whole measurement system shall be checked both before and after a sequence of

measurements using a calibrator which produces a known acceleration at a known frequency.

The transducers shall be calibrated in accordance with ISO 5347 and ISO 16063-1. The whole

measurement system shall be checked according to the requirements in EN ISO 8041.

6.2.6 Testing and operating conditions of the tool
6.2.6.1 General

Measurements shall be carried out on a new tool that is only used for the noise and vibration tests

required by this standard.
When the test procedure is not provided in a relevant Part 2 or there is
...