CLC/TC 21X - Secondary cells and batteries

2022-01-12 - CDV is withdrawn for the moment.

IEC 63057:2020 specifies safety tests and requirements for secondary lithium batteries permanently installed in road vehicles not for the propulsion. Replacement secondary batteries permanently installed in road vehicles not for propulsion are covered by this document. The following are typical applications that utilize the batteries under the scope of this document: a power source for the starting of internal combustion engines, lighting, on-board auxiliary equipment, and energy absorption for regeneration from braking. This document applies to batteries with a maximum voltage less than or equal to 60 V DC. The batteries primarily used for propulsion of electric vehicles (EVs), including battery electric vehicles (BEVs), hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs), and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) are not covered by this document.

No scope available

This document is applicable to lead-acid batteries used for starting, lighting and ignition of passenger automobiles and light commercial vehicles with a nominal voltage of 12 V. All batteries in accordance with this document can be fastened to the vehicle either by means of the ledges around the case or by means of a hold-down device engaging with the lid.

IEC Corrected version

This document specifies requirements and tests for the safe operation of secondary lithium cells and batteries used in industrial applications, including stationary applications. When there exists an IEC International Standard specifying test conditions and requirements for cells used in special applications and which is in conflict with this document, the former takes precedence (e.g., IEC 62660 series on road vehicles). The following are some examples of applications that utilize cells and batteries under the scope of this document: - Stationary applications: telecom, uninterruptible power supplies (UPS), electrical energy storage system, utility switching, emergency power, and similar applications. - Motive applications: forklift truck, golf cart, automated guided vehicle (AGV), railway vehicles, and marine vehicles, with the exception of road vehicles. Since this document covers batteries for various industrial applications, it includes those requirements which are common and minimum to the various applications. Electrical safety is included only as a part of the risk analysis of Clause 8. In regard to details for addressing electrical safety, the end use application standard requirements need to be considered. This document applies to cells and batteries. If the battery is divided into smaller units, the smaller unit can be tested as the representative of the battery. The manufacturer clearly declares the tested unit. The manufacturer can add functions, which are present in the final battery to the tested unit. This document addresses first life cells and batteries. Reuse, repurpose, second life use or similar are not taken into considered by this document.

This part of IEC 62660 specifies test procedures and acceptance criteria for safety performance of secondary lithium-ion cells and cell blocks used for propulsion of electric vehicles (EV) including battery electric vehicles (BEV) and hybrid electric vehicles (HEV). This document determines the basic safety performance of cells used in a battery pack and system under intended use and reasonably foreseeable misuse or incident, during the normal operation of the EV. The safety requirements of the cell in this document are based on the premise that the cells are properly used in a battery pack and system within the limits for voltage, current and temperature as specified by the cell manufacturer (cell operating region). The evaluation of the safety of cells during transport and storage is not covered by this document. NOTE 1 The safety performance requirements for lithium-ion battery packs and systems are defined in ISO 6469‑1. The specifications and safety requirements for lithium-ion battery packs and systems of electrically propelled mopeds and motorcycles are defined in ISO 18243. IEC 62619 covers the safety requirements for the lithium-ion cells and batteries for industrial applications, including, for example, forklift trucks, golf carts, and automated guided vehicles. NOTE 2 Lithium cells, modules, battery packs, and battery systems are regulated by International Air Transport Association (IATA) and International Maritime Organization (IMO) for air and sea transport, and, regionally, by other authorities, mainly for land transport. Refer to IEC 62281 for additional information.

This document specifies methods for the clear identification of secondary cells, batteries, battery modules and monoblocs according to their chemistry (electrochemical storage technology). The markings described in this document are applicable for secondary cells, batteries, battery modules and monoblocs with a volume of more than 900 cm3. The marking of the chemistry is useful for the installation, operation and decommissioning phases of battery life. Many recycling processes are chemistry specific, thus undesired events can occur when a battery which is not of the appropriate chemistry enters a given recycling process. In order to ensure safe handling during sorting and recycling processes, therefore, the battery is marked so as to identify its chemistry. This document defines the conditions of utilization of the markings indicating the chemistry of these secondary batteries. The details of markings and their application are defined in this document. NOTE Nothing in this document precludes the marking of batteries with recycling and chemistry symbols required by state, federal, national or regional laws or regulations or with a seal under license by a national recycling program.

IEC Corrected version

IEC 62660-1:2018 is available as IEC 62660-1:2018 RLV which contains the International Standard and its Redline version, showing all changes of the technical content compared to the previous edition.IEC 62660-1:2018 specifies performance and life testing of secondary lithium-ion cells used for propulsion of electric vehicles including battery electric vehicles (BEV) and hybrid electric vehicles (HEV). This document specifies the test procedures to obtain the essential characteristics of lithium-ion cells for vehicle propulsion applications regarding capacity, power density, energy density, storage life and cycle life. This document provides the standard test procedures and conditions for testing basic performance characteristics of lithium-ion cells for vehicle propulsion applications, which are indispensable for securing a basic level of performance and obtaining essential data on cells for various designs of battery systems and battery packs. IEC 62660-1:2018 cancels and replaces the first edition published in 2010. This edition constitutes a technical revision. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition: a) The purpose of each test has been added. b) The power test has been revised for clarification, and an informative part of the current-voltage characteristic test has been moved to the new Annex C.

This part of IEC 62660 specifies test procedures to observe the reliability and abuse behaviour of secondary lithium-ion cells and cell blocks used for propulsion of electric vehicles including battery electric vehicles (BEV) and hybrid electric vehicles (HEV). NOTE 1 Secondary lithium-ion cells used for propulsion of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEV) can be tested by the procedure either for BEV application or HEV application, according to the battery system design, based on the agreement between the cell manufacturer and the customer. This document specifies the standard test procedures and conditions for basic characteristics of lithium-ion cells for use in propulsion of battery and hybrid electric vehicles. The tests are indispensable for obtaining essential data on reliability and abuse behaviour of lithium-ion cells for use in various designs of battery systems and battery packs. This document provides standard classification of description of test results to be used for the design of battery systems or battery packs. NOTE 2 Cell blocks can be used as an alternative to cells according to the agreement between the cell manufacturer and the customer. NOTE 3 The safety requirements of lithium-ion cells for electric vehicle application are defined in IEC 62660-3 [3].

This European Standard is applicable to lead-acid batteries with a nominal voltage of 12 V, used primarily as a power source for the starting of internal combustion engines, lighting and also for auxiliary equipment of internal combustion engine vehicles. These batteries are commonly called “starter batteries”. Batteries with a nominal voltage of 6 V are also included within the scope of this standard. All referenced voltages need to be divided by two for 6 V batteries. This European Standard is applicable to batteries for the following purposes: − batteries for passenger cars, − batteries for commercial and industrial vehicles. This European Standard is not applicable to batteries for other purposes, for example the starting of railcar internal combustion engines or for motorcycles.

This European Standard is applicable to lead-acid batteries with a nominal voltage of 12 V, used primarily as power source for the starting of internal combustion engines (ICE), lighting and also for auxiliary equipment of ICE vehicles. These batteries are commonly called “starter batteries”. Batteries with a nominal voltage of 6 V are also included in the scope of this standard. All referenced voltages need to be divided by two for 6 V batteries. The batteries under scope of this standard are used for micro-cycle applications in vehicles which can also be called Start-Stop (or Stop-Start, idling-stop system, micro-hybrid or idle-stop-and-go) applications. In cars with this special capability, the internal combustion engine is switched off during a complete vehicle stop, during idling with low speed or during idling without the need of supporting the vehicle movement by the internal combustion engine. During the phases in which the engine is switched off, most of the electric and electronic components of the car need to be supplied by the battery without support of the alternator. In addition, in most cases an additional regenerative braking (recuperation or regeneration of braking energy) function is installed. The batteries under these applications are stressed in a completely different way compared to classical starter batteries. Aside of these additional properties, those batteries need to crank the ICE and support the lighting and also auxiliary functions in a standard operating mode with support of the alternator when the internal combustion engine is switched on. All batteries under this scope need to fulfil basic functions, which are tested under application of EN 50342-1:2015. This European Standard is applicable to batteries for the following purposes: • Lead-acid batteries of the dimensions according to EN 50342-2 for vehicles with the capability to automatically switch off the ICE during vehicle operation either in standstill or moving (“Start-Stop”); • Lead-acid batteries of the dimensions according to EN 50342-2 for vehicles with Start-Stop applications with the capability to recover braking energy or energy from other sources. This standard is not applicable to batteries for purposes other than mentioned above, but it is applicable to EFB delivered in dry-charged conditions according to EN 50342-1:2015, Clause 7. NOTE The applicability of this standard also for batteries according to EN 50342-4 is under consideration.

TC21X working group 3 has been agree to implement following changes to EN 50342-1:2015/1:2018 - Deletion of high current discharge after water consumption test. This is not needed as a dedicated corrosion test is available in the document. - Limitation of the maximum discharge time in cranking performance test. Batteries with high power capability might be damaged if discharge until the cut off voltage of 6,0 V is reached. To prevent this the maximum discharge time of the second step of the cranking performance test has been limited to 180 s.

This document provides requirements and recommendations on environmental aspects of secondary lithium, nickel cadmium and nickel-metal hydride cells and batteries for portable applications (hereafter referred to as "relevant secondary cells and batteries"). Relevant secondary cells and batteries are specified within the scopes of IEC 61960-3, IEC 61960-4, IEC 61951-1, and IEC 61951-2. NOTE Portable applications are defined in IEC 61960-3 as comprising hand-held equipment, transportable equipment, and movable equipment. See IEC 61960-3 for examples. This document is not intended to be applied to batteries embedded in end-use products. Once the embedded battery is removed from an end-use product, this document becomes applicable to it. The safety and control circuits as well as cases associated with relevant secondary batteries, except for those forming part of an end-use product, are covered by this document as parts of the relevant secondary batteries.

The contents of the corrigendum of December 2021 have been included in this copy.

This European Standard specifies test procedures and provides acceptable safety requirements for voltage class A and voltage class B removable lithium-ion battery (packs and) systems, to be used as traction batteries of or for electrically propelled road vehicles. This European Standard is related to the testing of safety performance of battery packs and systems for their intended use for a vehicle. This European Standard is not intended to be applied for the evaluation of the safety of battery packs/systems storage, vehicle production, repair and maintenance services. Light EV includes all electrically propelled two, three and four wheeled vehicles of category L1 up to Category L7 according to the definition of ECE/TR ANS-WP29-78r2e and all electrically propelled or assisted cycles including plug-in hybrid road vehicles (PHEV), that derive all or part of their energy from on-board rechargeable energy storage systems (RESS). This European Standard enables setting up a dedicated test plan for an individual battery pack/system subject to an agreement between customer and supplier. If required, the relevant test procedures and/or test conditions of lithium-ion battery packs and systems may be selected from the standard tests provided in this standard to configure a dedicated test plan. This European Standard applies to all battery systems intended to be used in conjunction with products or systems described in the IEC/TS 61851-3 series. NOTE Testing on cell level is specified in the IEC 62660 series. This European Standard does not apply to: - lithium cells; - batteries other than lithium ion types; - primary Batteries(including lithium types); - batteries covered by the ISO 12405- series.

2021-07-09 - IEC Corrected version

IEC 62485-1:2015 specifies the basic requirements for secondary batteries and battery installations. The requirements regarding safety, reliability, life expectancy, mechanical strength, cycle stability, internal resistance, and battery temperature, are determined by various applications, and this, in turn, determines the selection of the battery design and technology. In general, the requirements and definitions are specified for lead-acid and nickel-cadmium batteries. For other battery systems with aqueous electrolyte, the requirements may be applied accordingly. The standard covers safety aspects taking into account hazards associated with: - electricity (installation, charging, discharging, etc.); - electrolyte; - inflammable gas mixtures; - storage and transportation.

IEC 62485-2:2010 applies to stationary secondary batteries and battery installations with a maximum voltage of DC 1 500 V (nominal) and describes the principal measures for protections against hazards generated from: - electricity, - gas emission, - electrolyte. This International Standard provides requirements on safety aspects associated with the erection, use, inspection, maintenance and disposal. It covers lead-acid and NiCd/NiMH batteries.

IEC 62485-4:2015 applies to the safety aspects associated with the accommodation, the arrangements of circuits and the operation of secondary valve-regulated lead-acid cells and batteries in portable appliances. Requirements are specified which oblige the manufacturers of appliances and secondary batteries to prevent the misuse of batteries in the course of operation to provide protective measures avoiding injury to persons in case of battery failure and to provide sufficient information to users. This standard does not apply to secondary cells and batteries containing alkaline or other non-acid electrolytes. This first edition cancels and replaces the first edition of IEC TR 61056-3 published in 1991. It constitutes a technical revision. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the IEC TR 61056-3: a) updating of the requirements, and harmonisation of the text for consistency with the IEC 62485 series.

IEC 62485-6:2021 applies to battery installations used for electric off-road vehicles; it does not cover the design of such vehicles. Examples of the main applications are: - industrial • cleaning machines, • trucks for material handling, for example, lift trucks, tow trucks, automatic guided vehicles, • electrically propulsed lifting platforms; - other applications • electric powered boats and ships.

IEC-63115-2:2021 specifies designations, tests and requirements for the safe operation of sealed nickel-metal hydride cells and batteries used in industrial applications excluding road vehicles. Since this document covers batteries for various industrial applications, it includes those requirements which are common and minimum to the various applications.

IEC 62485-5:2020 applies to the installation of one or more stationary secondary batteries having a maximum aggregate DC voltage of 1 500 V to any DC part of the power network, and describes the principal measures for protections during normal operation or under expected fault conditions against hazards generated from: – electricity, – short-circuits, – electrolyte, – gas emission, – fire, – explosion. This document provides requirements on safety aspects associated with the installation, use, inspection, and maintenance and disposal of lithium ion batteries used in stationary applications.

IEC 63193:2020 is applicable to lead-acid batteries powering electric two-wheelers (mopeds) and three-wheelers (e-rickshaws and delivery vehicles), and also to golf cars and similar light utility and multi-passenger vehicles. The document specifies methods of tests tailored to batteries destined for the above‑referenced types of vehicles so as to ensure satisfactory and safe battery performance in the intended application. This document does not apply for example to lead-acid cells and batteries used for: vehicle engine starting applications (IEC 60095 series); traction applications (IEC 60254 series); stationary applications (IEC 60896 series); general purpose applications (IEC 61056 series); or to motorized wheelchairs and similar personal assist vehicles

This document is applicable to lead-acid batteries used for heavy vehicles. The object of this document is to specify the European requirements of the main dimensions of starter batteries. For new and future developments of the above applications, it is expected that only batteries from the “Preferred Types” series be used. Batteries of the series of “Other Types” exist under several national standards. They have been transferred from the previous standard EN 60095 4. The preferred types A, B and C are newly introduced and correspond closely to the types D4, D5 and D6 with some differences in tolerances and dimensions.

IEC 61960-4:2020 specifies performance tests, designations, markings, dimensions and other requirements for coin secondary lithium cells and batteries for portable applications and backup power supply such as memory backup applications. The objective of this document is to provide the purchasers and users of coin secondary lithium cells and batteries with a set of criteria with which they can assess the performance of coin secondary lithium cells and batteries offered by various manufacturers. This document defines a minimum required level of performance and a standardized methodology by which testing is performed and the results of this testing reported to the user. Hence, users will be able to establish the viability of commercially available cells and batteries via the declared specification and thus be able to select the cell or battery best suited for their intended application. This document covers coin secondary lithium cells and batteries with a range of chemistries. Each electrochemical couple has a characteristic voltage range over which, during discharge, it releases its electrical capacity, a characteristic nominal voltage and a characteristic end-of-discharge voltage. Users of coin secondary lithium cells and batteries are requested to consult the manufacturer for advice. This document also provides guidelines for designers of equipment using lithium batteries.

IEC 62984-3:2020 specifies performance requirements and test procedures for high­-temperature batteries based on sodium for mobile and/or stationary use and whose rated voltage does not exceed 1 500 V. Sodium based batteries include sodium-sulphur batteries and sodium-nickel chloride batteries; both are high-temperature batteries and use a solid, sodium conducting electrolyte. Additional information on sodium-based batteries technology, their chemistries and construction are given in Annex B. This document does not cover aircraft batteries, covered by IEC 60952 (all parts), and batteries for the propulsion of electric road vehicles, covered by IEC 61982 (all parts).

IEC 63056:2020 specifies requirements and tests for the product safety of secondary lithium cells and batteries used in electrical energy storage systems (Figure 2) with a maximum DC voltage of 1 500 V (nominal). Basic safety requirements for the secondary lithium cells and batteries used in industrial applications are included in IEC 62619. This document provides additional or specific requirements for electrical energy storage systems. Since this document covers batteries for various electrical energy storage systems, it includes those requirements which are common and minimum to the electrical energy storage systems. Examples of appliances that are within the scope of this document are: • telecommunications, • central emergency lighting and alarm systems, • stationary engine starting, • photovoltaic systems, • home (residential) energy storage systems (HESS), and • large energy storage: on-grid/off-grid. This document applies to cells and batteries for uninterruptible power supplies (UPS). This document does not apply to portable systems 500 Wh or below, which are covered by IEC 61960-3.

IEC 62984-1:2020 specifies general aspects, definitions and tests for high-temperature secondary batteries for mobile and/or stationary use and whose nominal voltage does not exceed 1 500 V. This document does not cover aircraft batteries, which are covered by IEC 60952 (all parts), or batteries for the propulsion of electric road vehicles, covered by IEC 61982 (all parts).

IEC 62984-2:2020 specifies safety requirements and test procedures for high-temperature batteries for mobile and/or stationary use and whose rated voltage does not exceed 1 500 V. This document does not cover aircraft batteries, which are covered by IEC 60952 (all parts), and batteries for the propulsion of electric road vehicles, covered by IEC 61982 (all parts).

IEC 61951-2:2011 specifies marking, designation, dimensions, tests and requirements for portable sealed nickel-metal hydride, small prismatic, cylindrical and button rechargeable single cells, suitable for use in any orientation. This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition published in 2003 of which it constitutes a technical revision. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition: - clause 4: addition of 2 parameters; - clause 5: addition of cells type 'S' and cells type 'T'; - subclause 6.1.2: addition of new cylindrical cells; - subclause 7.8: addition of a specific test for 'S' cells.

IEC 62932-1:2020 relates to flow battery energy systems (FBES) used in electrical energy storage (EES) applications and provides the main terminology and general aspects of this technology, including terms necessary for the definition of unit parameters, test methods, safety and environmental issues.

IEC 62932-2-1:2020 specifies methods of test and requirements for the flow battery system (FBS) and the flow battery energy system (FBES) for the verification of their performances. This document is applicable to FBES or FBS which are designed and used for service in stationary locations (i.e. not generally to be moved from place to place). This document does not cover testing of the system for electromagnetic compatibility (EMC).

IEC 62932-2-2:2020 applies to flow battery systems for stationary applications and their installations with a maximum voltage not exceeding 1 500 V DC in compliance with IEC 62932-1. This document defines the requirements and test methods for risk reduction and protection measures against significant hazards relevant to flow battery systems, to persons, property and the environment, or to a combination of them. This document is applicable to stationary flow battery systems intended for indoor and outdoor commercial and industrial use in non-hazardous (unclassified) areas. This document covers significant hazards, hazardous situations and events, with the exception of those associated with natural disaster, relevant to flow battery systems, when they are used as intended and under the conditions foreseen by the manufacturer including reasonably foreseeable misuse thereof. The requirements described in this document are not intended to constrain innovations. When considering fluids, materials, designs or constructions not specifically dealt with in this document, these alternatives are evaluated as to their ability to yield levels of safety equivalent to those specified in this document.

IEC 61951-1:2013 specifies marking, designation, dimensions, tests and requirements for portable sealed nickel-cadmium small prismatic, cylindrical and button rechargeable single cells, suitable for use in any orientation. This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition (2003) and its amendment 1 (2005) of which it constitutes a technical revision. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition: - addition of several new cell sizes; - introduction of a new cell type J; - creation of Annex A (informative): Capacity of batteries measurement.

IEC 63115-1:2020 specifies the marking, designation, tests and requirements for sealed nickel­metal hydride cells and batteries used in industrial applications, including stationary applications. When an IEC International Standard specifying test conditions and requirements for cells used in special applications is in conflict with this document, the former takes precedence (e.g. IEC 62675). The following are some examples of applications that utilize the cells and batteries falling under the scope of this document. • Stationary applications: telecom, uninterruptible power supplies (UPS), electrical energy storage system, utility switching, emergency power and similar applications. • Motive applications: fork-lift truck, golf cart, AGV (Automatic Guided Vehicle), railway, and marine, excluding road vehicles. Since this document covers batteries for various industrial applications, it includes those requirements that are common and minimum to the various applications. This document applies to cells and batteries. If the battery is divided into smaller units, the smaller unit can be tested as representative of the battery. The manufacturer clearly declares the tested unit. The manufacturer can add functions to the tested unit that are present in the final battery.

IEC 62619:2017 specifies requirements and tests for the safe operation of secondary lithium cells and batteries used in industrial applications including stationary applications. When there exists an IEC standard specifying test conditions and requirements for cells used in special applications and which is in conflict with this document, the former takes precedence (e.g., IEC 62660 series on road vehicles). The following are some examples of applications that utilize cells and batteries under the scope of this document. - Stationary applications: telecom, uninterruptible power supplies (UPS), electrical energy storage system, utility switching, emergency power, and similar applications. - Motive applications: forklift truck, golf cart, auto guided vehicle (AGV), railway, and marine, excluding road vehicles. Since this document covers batteries for various industrial applications, it includes those requirements, which are common and minimum to the various applications. Electrical safety is included only as a part of the risk analysis of Clause 8. In regard to details for addressing electrical safety, the end use application standard requirements have to be considered. This document applies to cells and batteries. If the battery is divided into smaller units, the smaller unit can be tested as the representative of the battery. The manufacturer clearly declares the tested unit. The manufacturer may add functions, which are present in the final battery to the tested unit.

IEC 62133-1:2017 specifies requirements and tests for the safe operation of portable sealed secondary nickel cells and batteries containing alkaline electrolyte, under intended use and reasonably foreseeable misuse. This first edition cancels and replaces the second edition of IEC 62133 published in 2012. It constitutes a technical revision. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to IEC 62133:2012: - separation of lithium systems into a separate Part 2; - inclusion of button cell requirements.

IEC 62133-2:2017 specifies requirements and tests for the safe operation of portable sealed secondary lithium cells and batteries containing non-acid electrolyte, under intended use and reasonably foreseeable misuse. This first edition cancels and replaces the second edition of IEC 62133 published in 2012. It constitutes a technical revision. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to IEC 62133:2012: - separation of nickel systems into a separate Part 1; - inclusion of coin cell requirements; - update of assembly of cells into batteries (5.6); - mechanical tests [vibration, shock] (7.3.8.1, 7.3.8.2); - insertion of IEC TR 62914 within the Bibliography. Key words: lithium, li-ion

IEC 61960-3:2017 specifies performance tests, designations, markings, dimensions and other requirements for secondary lithium single cells and batteries for portable applications. The objective of this document is to provide the purchasers and users of secondary lithium cells and batteries with a set of criteria with which they can judge the performance of secondary lithium cells and batteries offered by various manufacturers. Portable applications comprise hand-held equipment, transportable equipment and movable equipment. This first edition cancels and replaces the second edition of IEC 61960 published in 2011. It is a technical revision. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition: - adding definition of portable applications (Scope), - update of examples of cells (Table 1 and 2), - adding “Dimensions of the cell with a laminate film case” (Annex A), - adding “Capacity after storage” (from the date of manufacture) (Annex B).

NEW!IEC 60623:2017 is available as IEC 60623:2017 RLV which contains the International Standard and its Redline version, showing all changes of the technical content compared to the previous edition.IEC 60623:2017 specifies marking, designation, dimensions, tests and requirements for vented nickel-cadmium prismatic secondary single cells. When there exists an IEC standard specifying test conditions and requirements for cells used in special applications and which is in conflict with this document, the former takes precedence. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition: - optional characterization of cells designed for performances at very low and/or very high temperature; - optional characterization of cells tested with CCCV charge; - optional characterization of cells designed for rapid charge; - optional characterization of cells designed for high cycling.

IEC 62660-3:2016 specifies test procedures and the acceptance criteria for safety performance of secondary lithium-ion cells and cell blocks used for the propulsion of electric vehicles (EV) including battery electric vehicles (BEV) and hybrid electric vehicles (HEV). This International Standard intends to determine the basic safety performance of cells used in a battery pack and system under intended use, and reasonably foreseeable misuse or incident, during the normal operation of the EV. The safety requirements of the cell in this standard are based on the premise that the cells are properly used in a battery pack and system within the limits for voltage, current and temperature as specified by the cell manufacturer (cell operating region). The evaluation of the safety of cells during transport and storage is not covered by this standard.

IEC 62877-1:2016 applies to electrolyte and their components used for filling vented lead-acid batteries, for example dry charged cells or batteries, and for electrolyte replacement or electrolyte density adjustment of batteries in operation. This international standard defines the composition, purity and properties of electrolyte to be applied where specific instructions from the battery manufacturer are not available.

IEC 62877-2:2016 applies to water for use with vented lead-acid cells and batteries, i.e. water for preparation of electrolyte and for topping up cells or batteries. The purity of refilling water has to meet higher requirements compared to filling electrolyte, because the impurities in the operating electrolyte will be gradually increased by regular addition of water. This international standard lays down requirements of the composition, purity and properties of water in the absence of specific recommendations from the manufacturer.

IEC 61982-4:2015 specifies test procedures and acceptance criteria for safety performance of nickel-metal hydride (Ni-MH) secondary cells and modules used for the propulsion of electric vehicles (EV) including battery electric vehicles (BEV) and hybrid electric vehicles (HEV). This standard intends to secure the basic safety performance of the cell as used in a battery system under intended use and reasonably foreseeable misuse, during the normal operation of EV. The safety requirements of the cell in this standard are based on the premise that the cells and modules are properly used in a battery pack and system within the limit of voltage, current and temperature as specified by the cell manufacturer. The evaluation of the safety of batteries during transport and storage is not covered by this standard.

This European Standard is applicable to lead-acid batteries with a nominal voltage of 12 V, used primarily as power source for the starting of internal combustion engines (ICE), lighting and also for auxiliary equipment of ICE vehicles. These batteries are commonly called "starter batteries". Batteries with a nominal voltage of 6 V are also included in the scope of this standard. All referenced voltages need to be divided by two for 6 V batteries. The batteries under scope of this standard are used for micro-cycle applications in vehicles which can also be called Start-Stop (or Stop-Start, idling-stop system, micro-hybrid or idle-stop-and-go) applications. In cars with this special capability, the internal combustion engine is switched off during a complete vehicle stop, during idling with low speed or during idling without the need of supporting the vehicle movement by the internal combustion engine. During the phases in which the engine is switched off, most of the electric and electronic components of the car need to be supplied by the battery without support of the alternator. In addition, in most cases an additional regenerative braking (recuperation or regeneration of braking energy) function is installed. The batteries under these applications are stressed in a completely different way compared to classical starter batteries. Aside of these additional properties, those batteries need to crank the ICE and support the lighting and also auxiliary functions in a standard operating mode with support of the alternator when the internal combustion engine is switched on. All batteries under this scope need to fulfil basic functions, which are tested under application of EN 50342-1:2015. This European Standard is applicable to batteries for the following purposes: - Lead-acid batteries of the dimensions according to EN 50342-2 for vehicles with the capability to automatically switch off the ICE during vehicle operation either in standstill or moving ("Start-Stop"); - Lead-acid batteries of the dimensions according to EN 50342-2 for vehicles with Start-Stop applications with the capability to recover braking energy or energy from other sources. This standard is not applicable to batteries for purposes other than mentioned above, but it is applicable to EFB delivered in dry-charged conditions according to EN 50342 1:2015, Clause 7. NOTE The applicability of this standard also for batteries according to EN 50342-4 is under consideration.

This European Standard is applicable to lead-acid batteries with a nominal voltage of 12 V, used primarily as a power source for the starting of internal combustion engines, lighting and also for auxiliary equipment of internal combustion engine vehicles. These batteries are commonly called "starter batteries". Batteries with a nominal voltage of 6 V are also included within the scope of this standard. All referenced voltages need to be divided by two for 6 V batteries. This European Standard is applicable to batteries for the following purposes: − batteries for passenger cars, − batteries for commercial and industrial vehicles. This European Standard is not applicable to batteries for other purposes, for example the starting of railcar internal combustion engines or for motorcycles.

IEC 61427-2:2015 relates to secondary batteries used in on-grid Electrical Energy Storage (EES) applications and provides the associated methods of test for the verification of their endurance, properties and electrical performance in such applications. The test methods are essentially battery chemistry neutral, i.e. applicable to all secondary battery types. On-grid applications are characterized by the fact that batteries are connected, via power conversion devices, to a regional or nation- or continent-wide electricity grid and act as instantaneous energy sources and sinks to stabilize the grids performance when randomly major amounts of electrical energy from renewable energy sources are fed into it. Related power conversion and interface equipment is not covered by this part of IEC 61427.