IEC 62282-3-200:2011
(Main)Fuel cell technologies - Part 3-200: Stationary fuel cell power systems - Performance test methods
Fuel cell technologies - Part 3-200: Stationary fuel cell power systems - Performance test methods
IEC 62282-3-200:2011 describes how to measure the performance of stationary fuel cell power systems for residential, commercial, agricultural and industrial applications.
Technologies des piles à combustible - Partie 3-200: Systèmes à piles à combustible stationnaires - Méthodes d'essai des performances
La CEI 62282-3-200:2011 décrit la manière de mesurer les performances des systèmes à piles à combustible stationnaires pour les applications résidentielles, commerciales, agricoles et industrielles.
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Standards Content (Sample)
IEC 62282-3-200
®
Edition 1.0 2011-10
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
colour
inside
Fuel cell technologies –
Part 3-200: Stationary fuel cell power systems – Performance test methods
Technologies des piles à combustible –
Partie 3-200: Systèmes à piles à combustible stationnaires – Méthodes d'essai
des performances
IEC 62282-3-200:2011
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---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
IEC 62282-3-200
®
Edition 1.0 2011-10
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
colour
inside
Fuel cell technologies –
Part 3-200: Stationary fuel cell power systems – Performance test methods
Technologies des piles à combustible –
Partie 3-200: Systèmes à piles à combustible stationnaires – Méthodes d'essai
des performances
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
COMMISSION
ELECTROTECHNIQUE
PRICE CODE
INTERNATIONALE
CODE PRIX XC
ICS 27.070 ISBN 978-2-88912-732-0
® Registered trademark of the International Electrotechnical Commission
Marque déposée de la Commission Electrotechnique Internationale
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– 2 – 62282-3-200 IEC:2011
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 5
INTRODUCTION . 7
1 Scope . 8
2 Normative references . 9
3 Terms, definitions and symbols . 11
3.1 Terms and definitions . 11
3.2 Symbols . 15
4 Reference conditions . 18
4.1 General . 18
4.2 Temperature and pressure . 18
4.3 Heating value base . 19
5 Item of performance test . 19
6 Test preparation . 19
6.1 General . 19
6.2 Uncertainty analysis . 20
6.2.1 Uncertainty analysis items . 20
6.2.2 Data acquisition plan . 20
7 Measurement instruments and measurement methods . 20
7.1 General . 20
7.2 Measurement instruments . 20
7.3 Measurement methods . 21
7.3.1 Electric power measurements . 21
7.3.2 Fuel input measurement . 22
7.3.3 Recovered heat measurement . 24
7.3.4 Purge gas flow measurement . 25
7.3.5 Oxidant (air) input measurement . 25
7.3.6 Other fluid flow measurement . 26
7.3.7 Exhaust gas flow measurement . 27
7.3.8 Discharge water measurement . 28
7.3.9 Audible noise level measurement . 29
7.3.10 Vibration level measurement . 29
7.3.11 Total harmonic distortion measurement . 29
7.3.12 Ambient condition measurement . 29
8 Test plan . 30
8.1 General . 30
8.2 Ambient conditions . 30
8.3 Maximum permissible variation in steady-state operating conditions . 31
8.4 Test operating procedure . 32
8.5 Duration of test and frequency of readings . 32
9 Test methods and computation of test results . 32
9.1 General . 32
9.2 Efficiency test . 32
9.2.1 General . 32
9.2.2 Test method . 32
9.2.3 Computation of inputs . 33
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62282-3-200 IEC:2011 – 3 –
9.2.4 Computation of output . 42
9.2.5 Computation of efficiencies . 44
9.3 Electric power and thermal power response characteristics test . 44
9.3.1 General . 44
9.3.2 Electric power output response time . 49
9.3.3 Thermal power output response time . 53
9.4 Start-up and shutdown characteristics test . 56
9.5 Purge gas consumption test . 56
9.6 Water consumption test . 57
9.7 Waste heat test . 57
9.8 Exhaust gas emission test . 57
9.8.1 General . 57
9.8.2 Calculation of emissions . 57
9.9 Audible noise level test . 58
9.10 Vibration level test . 58
9.11 Discharge water quality test . 59
10 Test reports . 59
10.1 General . 59
10.2 Title page . 59
10.3 Table of contents . 59
10.4 Summary report . 59
10.5 Detailed report . 60
10.6 Full report . 60
Annex A (normative) Uncertainty analysis . 61
Annex B (normative) Calculation of fuel heating value . 76
Annex C (normative) Reference gas . 79
Bibliography . 82
Figure 1 – Fuel cell power system diagram . 9
Figure 2 – Symbol diagram . 18
Figure 3 – Operating process chart of fuel cell power system . 45
Figure 4 – Net electric and thermal power response time ramp rates . 46
Figure 5 – Example for net electric and thermal power response time ramp rates to
attain stable state . 47
Figure 6 – 90 % response time ramp rates . 48
Table 1 – Symbols . 15
Table 2 – Test classification and test item . 19
Table 3 – Test item and system status . 30
Table 4 – Maximum permissible variations in test operating conditions . 31
Table 5 – Vibration correction factors. 59
Table A.1 – Summary of measurement parameters and their nominal values . 66
Table A.2 – Nominal values of the calculation results. 66
Table A.3 – Elemental error sources for the various parameters . 67
Table A.4 – Absolute systematic uncertainty (B ) and absolute random uncertainty (2S ) . 69
i xi
Table A.5 – Sensitivity coefficients for the parameter P . 71
i
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Table A.6 – Propagated systematic uncertainty B and random uncertainty 2S . 72
R R
Table A.7 – Total absolute uncertainty of the result U and per cent uncertainty of
R95
U of electric efficiency . 74
R95
Table B.1 – Heating value for component of gaseous fuel . 76
Worksheet 1 – Calculation worksheet for energy of fuel gases . 77
Worksheet 2 – Calculation worksheet for energy of air . 78
Table C.1 – Reference gas for natural gas . 80
Table C.2 – Reference gas for propane gas . 80
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62282-3-200 IEC:2011 – 5 –
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
FUEL CELL TECHNOLOGIES –
Part 3-200: Stationary fuel cell power systems –
Performance test methods
FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
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8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of
patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
International Standard IEC 62282-3-200 has been prepared by IEC technical committee 105:
Fuel cell technologies.
This first edition of IEC 62282-3-200 cancels and replaces the first edition of IEC 62282-3-2,
published in 2006, and constitutes a technical as well as a structural revision.
The principal changes in this first edition of IEC 62282-3-200 as compared with the first
edition of IEC 62282-3-2 aim to harmonize with ASME PTC-50. They are as follows:
– the equations for efficiency calculation are changed from power-base to average power-
base, which is obtained by dividing energy by test duration;
– the duration of the test and frequency of reading are changed;
– the efficiency test at partial load is no longer mandatory. Whether or not to conduct the
test at partial load should be determined by the parties conducting the tests;
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– 6 – 62282-3-200 IEC:2011
– the flow rate measurement method is modified. Both mass flow rate and volume flow rate
are used for calculations of efficiency;
– the thermal energy input and mechanical energy input are incorporated into efficiency
calculations.
The development of an independent standard on performance test methods of small
stationary fuel cell power systems is currently under way (future IEC 62282-3-201). It will be
harmonized with this standard.
The text of this standard is based on the following documents:
FDIS Report on voting
105/340/FDIS 105/349/RVD
Full information on the voting for the approval of this standard can be found in the report on
voting indicated in the above table.
This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
A list of all the parts in the IEC 62282 series, published under the general title Fuel cell
technologies, can be found on the IEC website.
The committee has decided that the contents of this publication will remain unchanged until
the stability date indicated on the IEC web site under "http://webstore.iec.ch" in the data
related to the specific publication. At this date, the publication will be
• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn,
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.
IMPORTANT – The 'colour inside' logo on the cover page of this publication indicates
that it contains colours which are considered to be useful for the correct understanding
of its contents. Users should therefore print this document using a colour printer.
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62282-3-200 IEC:2011 – 7 –
INTRODUCTION
This part of IEC 62282 describes how to measure the performance of stationary fuel cell
power systems for residential, commercial, agricultural and industrial applications.
The following fuel cell types have been considered:
– alkaline fuel cells (AFC),
– phosphoric acid fuel cells (PAFC),
– polymer electrolyte fuel cells (PEFC),
– molten carbonate fuel cells (MCFC);
– solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC).
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FUEL CELL TECHNOLOGIES –
Part 3-200: Stationary fuel cell power systems –
Performance test methods
1 Scope
This part of IEC 62282 covers operational and environmental aspects of the stationary fuel
cell power systems performance. The test methods apply as follows:
– power output under specified operating and transient conditions;
– electric and thermal efficiency under specified operating conditions;
– environmental characteristics; for example, gas emissions, noise, etc. under specified
operating and transient conditions.
This standard does not provide coverage for electromagnetic compatibility (EMC).
This standard does not apply to small stationary fuel cell power systems with electric power
output of less than 10 kW which will be dealt with in the future IEC 62282-3-201.
Fuel cell power systems may have different subsystems depending upon types of fuel cell and
applications, and they have different streams of material and energy into and out of them.
However, a common system diagram and boundary has been defined for evaluation of the
fuel cell power system (see Figure 1).
The following conditions are considered in order to determine the test boundary of the fuel
cell power system:
– all energy recovery systems are included within the test boundary;
– all kinds of electric energy storage devices are considered outside the test boundary;
– calculation of the heating value of the input fuel (such as natural gas, propane gas and
pure hydrogen gas, etc.) is based on the conditions of the fuel at the boundary of the fuel
cell power system.
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62282-3-200 IEC:2011 – 9 –
Test boundary
Power inputs:
electric, secondary
thermal, shaft work
Recovered heat
Thermal
management
system
Waste heat
Fuel
Fuel
processing
Useable power
Fuel
system
cell electric
Power
module
conditioning
system
Oxidant
Oxidant
processing Water
system treatment
Water Internal power
Discharge
system
needs
water
Inert Gas
Exhaust gases,
ventilation
Automatic
Ventilation
Ventilation
control
system
system
2
1 EMI
EMD
Noise,
Vibration,
vibration
wind, rain,
temperature
IEC 2330/11
etc.
Key
： Fuel cell power system including subsystems. The interface is defined as a conceptual or
functional one instead of hardware such as a power package.
： Subsystems; fuel cell module, fuel processor, etc. These subsystem configurations depend on
the kind of fuel, type of fuel cell or system.
： The interface points in the boundary to be measured for calculation data.
1
EMD : electromagnetic disturbance
2
EMI : electromagnetic interference
Figure 1 – Fuel cell power system diagram
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document.
For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition
of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
IEC 60051 (all parts), Direct acting indicating analogue electrical measuring instruments and
their accessories
IEC 60359, Electrical and electronic equipment – Expression of performance
IEC 60688, Electrical measuring transducers for converting a.c. electrical quantities to
analogue or digital signals
IEC 61000-4-7, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) – Part 4-7: Testing and measurement
techniques – General guide on harmonics and interharmonics measurements and
instrumentation, for power supply systems and equipment connected thereto
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– 10 – 62282-3-200 IEC:2011
IEC 61000-4-13, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) – Part 4-13: Testing and measurement
techniques – Harmonics and interharmonics including mains signalling at a.c. power port, low
frequency immunity tests
IEC 61028, Electrical measuring instruments – X-Y recorders
IEC 61143 (all parts), Electrical measuring instruments – X-t recorders
IEC 61672-1, Electroacoustics – Sound level meters – Part 1: Specifications
IEC 61672-2, Electroacoustics – Sound level meters – Part 2: Pattern evaluation tests
IEC 62052-11, Electricity metering equipment (AC) – General requirements, tests and test
conditions – Part 11: Metering equipment
IEC 62053-22, Electricity metering equipment (a.c.) – Particular requirements – Part 22: Static
meters for active energy (classes 0,2 S and 0,5 S)
ISO/IEC Guide 98-3, Uncertainty of measurement – Part 3: Guide to the expression of
uncertainty in measurement (GUM:1995)
ISO 3648, Aviation fuels – Estimation of net specific energy
ISO 3744, Acoustics – Determination of sound power levels and sound energy levels of noise
sources using sound pressure – Engineering methods for an essentially free field over a
reflecting plane
ISO 4677-1, Atmospheres for conditioning and testing – Determination of relative humidity –
Part 1: Aspirated psychrometer method
ISO 4677-2, Atmospheres for conditioning and testing – Determination of relative humidity –
Part 2: Whirling psychrometer method
ISO 5167 (all parts), Measurement of fluid flow by means of pressure differential devices
inserted in circular cross-section conduits running full
ISO 5348, Mechanical vibration and shock – Mechanical mounting of accelerometers
ISO 6060, Water quality – Determination of the chemical oxygen demand
ISO 6326 (all parts), Natural gas − Determination of sulfur compounds
ISO 6974 (all parts), Natural gas − Determination of composition with defined uncertainty by
gas chromatography
ISO 6975 (all parts), Natural gas − Extended analysis – Gas chromatographic method
ISO 7934, Stationary source emissions – Determination of the mass concentration of sulfur
dioxide – Hydrogen peroxide/barium perchlorate/Thorin method
ISO 7935, Stationary source emissions – Determination of the mass concentration of sulfur
dioxide – Performance characteristics of automated measuring methods
ISO 8217, Petroleum products – Fuel (class F) − Specifications of marine
...
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