IEC 62860:2013
(Main)Test methods for the characterization of organic transistors and materials
Test methods for the characterization of organic transistors and materials
IEC 62860:2013(E) covers recommended methods and standardized reporting practices for electrical characterization of printed and organic transistors. Due to the nature of printed and organic electronics, significant measurement errors can be introduced if the electrical characterization design-of-experiment is not properly addressed. This standard describes the most common sources of measurement error, particularly for high-impedance electrical measurements commonly required for printed and organic transistors. This standard also gives recommended practices in order to minimize and/or characterize the effect of measurement artifacts and other sources of error encountered while measuring printed and organic transistors. Keywords: electrical characterization, FET, flexible electronics, high impedance, nanocomposite, nanotechnology, OFET, organic electronics, organic transistor, printed electronics, printing, transistor
Vocabulaire Electrotechnique International - Chapitre 411: Machines tournantes
Elle a le statut d'une norme horizontale conformément au Guide 108 de la CEI.
Mednarodni elektrotehniški slovar - 411. del: Rotacijski stroji
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IEC 62860
Edition 1.0 2013-08
™
IEEE Std 1620
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
Test methods for the characterization of organic transistors and materials
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IEC 62860
Edition 1.0 2013-08
IEEE Std 1620™
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
Test methods for the characterization of organic transistors and materials
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
PRICE CODE
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ICS 07.030 ISBN 978-2-8322-1014-7
– ii – IEC 62860:2013(E)
IEEE Std 1620-2008
Contents
1. Overview . 1
1.1 Scope . 1
1.2 Purpose . 1
1.3 Electrical characterization overview . 2
2. Definitions, acronyms, and abbreviations . 3
2.1 Definitions . 3
2.2 Acronyms and abbreviations . 6
3. Standard OFET characterization procedures . 6
3.1 Device structures . 6
3.2 Guidelines for the OFET characterization process . 7
3.3 Electrical standards . 8
3.4 Reporting data.11
3.5 Environmental control and standards .13
Annex A (informative) Bibliography .14
Annex B (informative) IEEE List of Participants . 15
Published by IEC under license from IEEE. © 2008 IEEE. All rights reserved.
IEEE Std 1620-2008
TEST METHODS FOR THE CHARACTERIZATION OF ORGANIC
TRANSISTORS AND MATERIALS
FOREWORD
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– iv – IEC 62860:2013(E)
IEEE Std 1620-2008
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International Standard IEC 62860/IEEE Std 1620™-2008 has been processed through
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Published by IEC under license from IEEE. © 2008 IEEE. All rights reserved.
IEEE Std 1620-2008
IEEE Standard for Test Methods for
the Characterization of Organic
Transistors and Materials
Sponsor
Microprocessor Standards Committee
of the
IEEE Computer Society
Approved 26 September 2008
IEEE-SA Standards Board
Published by IEC under license from IEEE. © 2008 IEEE. All rights reserved.
– vi – IEC 62860:2013(E)
IEEE Std 1620-2008
Abstract: Recommended methods and standardized reporting practices for electrical
characterization of printed and organic transistors are covered. Due to the nature of printed and
organic electronics, significant measurement errors can be introduced if the electrical
characterization design-of-experiment is not properly addressed. This standard describes the
most common sources of measurement error, particularly for high-impedance electrical
measurements commonly required for printed and organic transistors. This standard also gives
recommended practices in order to minimize and/or characterize the effect of measurement
artifacts and other sources of error encountered while measuring printed and organic transistors.
Keywords: electrical characterization, FET, flexible electronics, high impedance, nanocomposite,
nanotechnology, OFET, organic electronics, organic transistor, printed electronics, printing,
transistor
Published by IEC under license from IEEE. © 2008 IEEE. All rights reserved.
IEEE Std 1620-2008
IEEE Introduction
This introduction is not part of IEEE Std 1620-2008, IEEE Standard for Test Methods for the Characterization of
Organic Transistors and Materials.
This standard covers recommended methods and standardized reporting practices for electrical
characterization of organic transistors. Due to the nature of organic transistors, significant measurement
errors can be introduced if not properly addressed. This standard describes the most common sources of
measurement error and gives recommended practices in order to minimize and/or characterize the effect of
each.
Standard reporting practices are included in order to minimize confusion in analyzing reported data.
Disclosure of environmental conditions and sample size are included so that results can be appropriately
assessed by the research community. These reporting practices also support repeatability of results so that
new discoveries may be confirmed more efficiently.
The pra
...
SLOVENSKI SIST IEC 60050-411:1997
prva izdaja
STANDARD
avg 1997
International Electrotechnical Vocabulary - Chapter 411: Rotating machines
ICS 01.040.29; 29.160.01 Referenčna številka
SIST IEC 60050-
411:1997(en,fr,de
...
SL OVENSKI SIST IEC 60050(411)
prva izdaja
STANDARD
oktober 1999
Mednarodni elektrotehniški slov ar - Poglavje 411: Rotacijski stroji
(enakovreden IEC 60050(411):1996)
International Electrotechnical Vocabulary - Chapter 411: Rotating machines
Vocabul aire Electrotechnique International - Chapitre 411: Machines tournantes
Inter nationales Elektrotechnisches Wőrterbuch - Kapitel 411: Drehende
Maschinen
Re ferenčna številka
ICS 01.040.29; 29.020 SIST IEC 60050(411):1999 (sl)
Nadaljevanje na straneh od 2 do 119
© Standard je založil in izdal Urad Republike Slovenije za standardizacijo in meroslovje pri Ministrstvu za znanost in tehnologijo.
Razmnoževanje ali kopiranje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
SIST IEC 60050(411) : 1999
UVOD
Standard SIST IEC 60050(411), Mednarodni elektrotehniški slovar - Poglavje 411: Rotacijski stroji,
prva izdaja, 1999, ima status slovenskega standarda in je enakovreden mednarodnemu standardu
IEC 60050(411) (en), International Electrotechnical Vocabulary - Chapter 411: Rotating machines,
1996.
NACIONALNI PREDGOVOR
Mednarodni standard IEC 60050(411):1996 je pripravil tehnični odbor Mednarodne elektrotehniške
komisije IEC/TC 1 Terminologija.
Slovenski standard SIST IEC 60050(411):1999 je prevod mednarodnega standarda
IEC 60050(411):1996. V primeru spora glede besedila slovenskega prevoda v tem standardu je
odločilen izvirni mednarodni standard v angleškem jeziku. Slovensko izdajo standarda je pripravil
tehnični odbor USM/TC TRM (Terminologija).
Odločitev za prevzem tega standarda po metodi prevoda je dne 1996-12-18 sprejel tehnični odbor
USM/TC TRM.
Ta slovenski standard je dne 1999-09-06 odobril direktor USM.
OSNOVA ZA IZDAJO STANDARDA
- Prevzem standarda IEC 60050(411):1996
OPOMBA
- Uvod in nacionalni predgovor nista sestavni del standarda.
SIST IEC 60050(411) : 1999
VSEBINA Stran
Podpoglavje 411-31: Splošni izrazi . 4
Podpoglavje 411-32: Generatorji . 7
Podpoglavje 411-33: Motorji . 8
Podpoglavje 411-34: Posebni stroji. 14
Podpoglavje 411-35: Stroji za krmilne sisteme. 17
Podpoglavje 411-36: Označevalni izrazi . 18
Podpoglavje 411-37: Razvrstitev navitij . 21
Podpoglavje 411-38: Konstrukcija navitij . 26
Podpoglavje 411-39: Izolacija . 31
Podpoglavje 411-40: Magnetni deli. 34
Podpoglavje 411-41: Ščetke, držala ščetk, komutatorji, drsni obroči, priključki . 36
Podpoglavje 411-42: Ležaji in mazanje . 40
Podpoglavje 411-43: Mehanske strukture, montažne ureditve, smer vrtenja. 44
Podpoglavje 411-44: Hlajenje . 48
Podpoglavje 411-45: Stopnje zaščite, dosežene z okrovi. 52
Podpoglavje 411-46: Spremenljivke stanja (stroja) .52
Podpoglavje 411-47: Karakteristike . 54
Podpoglavje 411-48: Karakteristične veličine . 56
Podpoglavje 411-49: Analitične veličine. 63
Podpoglavje 411-50: Parametri . 66
Podpoglavje 411-51: Obremenitev, obratovanje, nazivni podatki. 70
Podpoglavje 411-52: Obratovanje. 74
Podpoglavje 411-53: Preizkušanje. 81
Podpoglavje 411-54: Vzbujalni sistem in karakteristike glavnega vzbujalnega navitja. 88
Abecedni seznam slovenskih izrazov . 90
Abecedni seznam angleških izrazov. 98
Abecedni seznam francoskih izrazov. 105
Abecedni seznam nemških izrazov. 113
SIST IEC 60050(411) : 1999
Poglavje 411: Rotacijski stroji
Podpoglavje 411-31: Splošni izrazi
Izraz v slovenščini
Zap. št. Izraz v angleščini Definicija
Izraz v francoščini
Izraz v nemščini
Električna naprava za pretvarjanje energije, ki za
411-31-01 − (električni) rotacijski stroj;
svoje delovanje uporablja elektromagnetno
vrteči se (električni) stroj
indukcijo ter ima dele, ki se lahko med seboj
− (electrical) rotating machine
relativno vrtijo.
− machine (électrique)
tournante
Opomba: Izraz se uporablja tudi za električne naprave,
− drehende (elektrische)
ki delujejo na enakih osnovah in so podobno
zgrajene, uporabljajo pa se za druge
Maschine
namene, npr. za regulacijo, dajanje ali
jemanje jalove moči. Ne uporablja se za
elektrostatične stroje.
411-31-02 − homopolarni stroj Stroj, v katerem magnetno polje po vsej površini
zračne reže prehaja od enega do drugega dela v
−
homopolar machine
isti smeri.
−
machine homopolaire
−
Gleichpolmaschine;
Homopolarmaschine
411-31-03 − unipolarni stroj Enosmerni homopolarni stroj.
− acyclic machine
− machine acyclique
− Unipolarmaschine
Stroj z izraženimi ali neizraženimi poli, ki si
411-31-04 − heteropolarni stroj
sledijo z nasprotno polariteto.
− heteropolar machine
− machine hétéropolaire
− Wechselpolmaschine;
Heteropolarmaschine
Stroj z induktovim navitjem, priključenim prek
411-31-05 − enosmerni stroj
vgrajenega komutatorja na enosmerno omrežje,
− direct current machine;
in z magnetnimi poli, ki so vzbujani z virom
d.c. machine
gladkega ali valovitega enosmernega toka, ali pa
− machine à courant continu
so ti poli trajni magneti.
− Gleichstrommaschine
411-31-06 − izmenični stroj Stroj z induktovim navitjem, ki je namenjeno za
priključitev na izmenično omrežje.
− alternating current machine;
a.c. machine
− machine à courant alternatif
− Wechselstrommaschine
Stroj, pri katerem sta navitji na statorju in rotorju
411-31-07 − stroj z dvojnim napajanjem
napajani iz izmeničnih omrežij.
− double-fed machine
− machine à double
alimentation
− doppeltgespeiste Maschine
Izmenični stroj, pri katerem sta frekvenca
411-31-08 − sinhronski stroj
induciranih napetosti in hitrost vrtenja stroja v
− synchronous machine
stalnem razmerju.
− machine synchrone
− Synchronmaschine
SIST IEC 60050(411) : 1999
Izraz v slovenščini
Zap. št. Izraz v angleščini Definicija
Izraz v francoščini
Izraz v nemščini
411-31-09 − asinhronski stroj Izmenični stroj, pri katerem frekvenca
priključenega omrežja in hitrost vrtenja pri
− asynchronous machine
obremenitvi nista v stalnem razmerju.
− machine asynchrone
− Asynchronmaschine
Asinhronski stroj, pri katerem je napajano samo
411-31-10 − indukcijski stroj
eno navitje.
− induction machine
− machine à induction
− Induktionsmaschine
411-31-11 − induktorski stroj Sinhronski stroj, pri katerem en del, običajno
stator, nosi induktovo in vzbujalno navitje ali
−
inductor machine
trajne magnete, ki so primerno medsebojno
−
machine à réluctance
razporejeni, drugi del, običajno rotor, pa ne nosi
variable
nobenega navitja, ampak določeno število
−
Induktormaschine
enakomerno razporejenih izraženosti.
411-31-12 − stroj s trajnimi magneti Stroj, pri katerem je vzbujalni sistem sestavljen
iz enega trajnega magneta ali več trajnih
− permanent magnet machine
magnetov.
− machine à aimants
permanents
− Maschine mit
Permanentmagneterregung
411-31-13 − enofazni stroj Stroj za proizvodnjo ali uporabo enofazne
izmenične napetosti in toka.
− single-phase machine
− machine monophasée
− Einphasenmaschine
411-31-14 − večfazni stroj Stroj za proizvodnjo ali uporabo večfaznih
izmeničnih napetosti in tokov.
− polyphase machine
− machine polyphasée
− Mehrphasenmaschine
Stroj, pri katerem poli štrlijo iz magnetnega
411-31-15 − stroj z izraženimi poli
jarma v zračno režo.
− salient pole machine
− machine à pôles saillants
− Schenkelpolmaschine
411-31-16 − stroj z masivnimi poli Stroj z izraženimi poli, ki nima lameliranih polovih
čevljev.
− solid pole shoe machine
− machine à pôles massifs
− Maschine mit massiven
Polschuhen
411-31-17 − stroj s cilindričnim Stroj z valjasto obliko rotorja, ki ima lahko na
obodu utore, v katerih so nameščene stranice
rotorjem
tuljav navitja.
− cylindrical rotor machine
− machine à rotor cylindrique
− Maschine mit Vollpolläufer
Stroj s cilindričnim rotorjem, ki je oblikovan za
411-31-18 − turbinski stroj; turbostroj
visoke obodne hitrosti.
− turbine-type machine
− turbo-machine
Opomba: Izraz se največkrat uporablja za izmenični
− Turbomaschine
generator, tj. turbinski generator oziroma
turbogenerator.
SIST IEC 60050(411) : 1999
Izraz v slovenščini
Zap. št. Izraz v angleščini Definicija
Izraz v francoščini
Izraz v nemščini
Stroj z rotorjem v obliki diska in z eno aksialno
411-31-19 − diskasti stroj; kolutni stroj
zračno režo ali z več takšnimi režami .
− disc-type machine
− machine à disque
− Scheibenläufermaschine
SIST IEC 60050(411) : 1999
Podpoglavje 411-32: Generatorji
Izraz v slovenščini
Zap. št. Izraz v angleščini Definicija
Izraz v francoščini
Izraz v nemščini
411-32-01 − generator Stroj, ki pretvarja mehansko energijo v
električno.
− generator
− génératrice
− Generator
Generator, ki proizvaja izmenične tokove in
411-32-02 − alternator; izmenični
napetosti.
generator
− alternating current generator;
a.c. generator
− alternateur
− Wechselstromgenerator
Sinhronski generator z dvema podobnima
411-32-03 − dvojno navit sinhronski
induktovima navitjema, ki sta nameščeni na isti
generator; dvonavitni
magnetni strukturi indukta in ki zmoreta napajati
sinhronski generator
dve ločeni omrežji.
− double wound synchronous
generator; double-winding
synchronous generator
(USA)
− alternateur synchrone à
double enroulement
− Zweiwicklungs-
Synchrongenerator
411-32-04 − asinhronski generator Asinhronski stroj, ki je priključen na vir reaktivne
moči in obratuje kot generator.
− induction generator
− génératrice asynchrone;
alternateur asynchrone
− Induktionsgenerator
411-32-05 − vzbujalnik Generator, ki daje vso moč ali samo del te moči
glavnemu vzbujalnemu navitju električnega
− exciter
stroja.
− excitatrice
− Erregermaschine
Opomba: Vzbujalniki so lahko enosmerni ali izmenični
stroji in so del vzbujalnega sistema.
411-32-06 − glavni vzbujalnik Vzbujalnik glavnega električnega stroja ali
strojev.
− main exciter
− excitatrice principale
− Haupterregermaschine
411-32-07 − pomožni vzbujalnik; pilotni Vzbujalnik nekega drugega vzbujalnika.
vzbujalnik
− pilote exciter
− excitatrice pilote
− Hilfserregermaschine
SIST IEC 60050(411) : 1999
Podpoglavje 411-33: Motorji
Izraz v slovenščini
Zap. št. Izraz v angleščini Definicija
Izraz v francoščini
Izraz v nemščini
411-33-01 − motor Stroj, ki pretvarja električno energijo v mehansko
energijo.
− motor
− moteur
− Motor
Motor, ki se napaja z enosmernim tokom ali z
411-33-02 − univerzalni motor
enofaznim izmeničnim tokom običajne omrežne
− universal motor
frekvence.
− moteur universel
− Universalmotor
Sinhronski motor z izraženimi poli, ki nosi v
411-33-03 − sinhronski motor s kletko
polovih čevljih kratkostično kletko za zagon.
− cage synchronous motor
− moteur synchrone à cage
− Synchronmotor mit
Käfigwicklung
411-33-04 − sinhronizirani asinhronski Sinhronski motor s cilindričnim rotorjem in
sekundarnim porazdeljenim tuljavičnim navitjem,
motor
ki je podobno navitju pri asinhronskem motorju z
− synchronous induction motor
drsnimi obroči, in se uporablja za zagon in
− moteur asynchrone
vzbujanje.
synchronisé
− synchronisierter
Induktionsmotor
411-33-05 − reluktančni motor Sinhronski motor z nevzbujenim rotorjem,
vendar z enakomerno razporejenimi
− reluctance motor
izraženostmi na rotorju, ki nosi zagonsko
− moteur à réluctance
kratkostično kletko ali pa je ne nosi.
− Reluktanzmotor
411-33-06 − podsinhronski reluktančni Reluktančni motor z rotorjem, na katerem je
število izraženosti, ki učinkujejo kot izraženi poli,
motor
večje od števila polov, ki jih oblikuje primarno
− subsynchronous reluctance
statorsko navitje. To povzroči, da se motor vrti s
motor
stalno povprečno hitrostjo, ki je enaka količniku
− moteur à réluctance
prave sinhronske hitrosti s celoštevilčnim
subsynchrone
imenovalcem (submultiplu prave sinhronske
− untersynchroner
hitrosti).
Reluktanzmotor
411-33-07 − asinhronski motor s kletko Asinhronski motor z eno sekundarno kletko, ali
več sekundarnimi kletkami.
− cage induction motor; squirrel
cage induction motor (USA)
− moteur asynchrone à cage
(d'écureuil); moteur à
induction à cage
− Käfigläufer-Induktionsmotor
Asinhronski motor z enim sekundarnim
411-33-08 − asinhronski motor z
tuljavičnim navitjem, ali več sekundarnimi
navitim rotorjem
tuljavičnimi navitji.
− wound-rotor induction motor
− moteur asynchrone à rotor
bobiné
− Induktionsmotor mit
gewickeltem Läufer
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