IEC 60077-1:2017

Railway applications - Electric equipment for rolling stock - Part 1: General service conditions and general rules

IEC 60077-1:2017 specifies the general service conditions and requirements for all electric equipment installed in power circuits, auxiliary circuits, control and indicating circuits etc., on railway rolling stock. The purpose of this document is to harmonize as far as practicable all rules and requirements of a general nature applicable to electric equipment for rolling stock. This new edition includes the following main technical changes with regard to the previous edition:
- descriptions regarding insulation coordination, environmental conditions and those of current return and protective bonding are deleted and replaced by references to IEC 62497‑1, IEC 62498-1 and IEC 61991;
- classification of equipment type is introduced;
- temperature limits and temperature rise tests are reviewed.

Applications ferroviaires - Equipements électriques du matériel roulant - Partie 1: Conditions générales de service et règles générales

L’IEC 60077-1:2017 spécifie les conditions générales de service et les exigences pour l'ensemble de l'équipement électrique installé dans les circuits de puissance, les circuits auxiliaires, les circuits de commande, les circuits de signalisation et de surveillance, etc., sur le matériel roulant ferroviaire. Le présent document a pour objet d’harmoniser dans la mesure du possible l’ensemble des règles et des exigences de caractère général applicables aux équipements électriques du matériel roulant. Cette nouvelle édition inclut les modifications techniques majeures suivantes par rapport à l'édition précédente:
- suppression et remplacement des descriptions concernant la coordination de l’isolement, les conditions d’environnement et celles du retour de courant et de la mise à la masse par des références à l'IEC 62497-1, l'IEC 62498-1 et l'IEC 61991;
- introduction d’une classification de type d’équipement;
- révision des températures limites et des essais d'échauffement.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 30-Jul-2017
• ICS: 29.080.01 - Electrical insulation in general
• ICS: 29.160.01 - Rotating machinery in general
• ICS: 45.060.01 - Railway rolling stock in general
• Technical Committee: TC 9 - Electrical equipment and systems for railways
• Drafting Committee: MT 60077 - TC 9/MT 60077
• Current Stage: PPUB - Publication issued
• Start Date: 31-Jul-2017
• Completion Date: 30-Jun-2017

Relations

• Revises: IEC 60077-1:1999 - Railway applications - Electric equipment for rolling stock - Part 1: General service conditions and general rules
• Effective Date: 05-Sep-2023

Overview

IEC 60077-1:2017 - Railway applications - Electric equipment for rolling stock - Part 1: General service conditions and general rules - defines the general service conditions and common requirements for all electric equipment fitted to railway rolling stock. It applies to equipment in power circuits, auxiliary circuits, control and indicating circuits, batteries and related installations. The standard aims to harmonize general rules across railway electric equipment and to provide baseline requirements for design, testing and documentation.

Key recent technical updates:

• Insulation coordination, environmental conditions and return/protective bonding references replaced by IEC 62497‑1, IEC 62498‑1 and IEC 61991.
• Classification of equipment types introduced.
• Temperature limits and temperature rise test requirements reviewed.

Key Topics

• Scope and classification of equipment types for rolling stock (clause 4).
• Rated voltages, currents and frequencies for supply, auxiliary and control circuits.
• Normal service conditions (altitude, ambient temperature, humidity, vibration, shock, pollution) and clause-level guidance for operation.
• Thermal requirements: temperature limits for insulation systems, temperature rise tests and thermal endurance (clauses 7 & 8; Annex C contains thermal endurance examples).
• Dielectric and insulation requirements: clearances, creepage distances, impulse and power-frequency withstand voltages (dielectric tests referenced in clause 9 and Annex B).
• Constructional and safety requirements: fire protection, batteries, protective measures against electrical hazards.
• Performance testing: type tests, routine tests, sampling and investigation tests; verification of EMC, acoustic noise, vibration/shock and climatic resistance.
• Product information and marking: required documentation, storage/installation/maintenance instructions.

Applications

IEC 60077-1 is used to:

• Set baseline requirements for the design of transformers, converters, switchgear, contact-line supplied equipment, control systems and auxiliary devices on trains and trams.
• Define test programs for type approval and routine testing in manufacturing and certification.
• Inform procurement specifications and compliance checks for rolling stock electrical systems.
• Guide maintenance and testing regimes by infrastructure managers and maintenance depots.

Who uses this standard

• Rolling stock manufacturers and component designers
• Test laboratories and certification bodies
• Procurement engineers and system integrators in rail industry
• Maintenance engineers and safety compliance teams

Related standards

• IEC 62497‑1, IEC 62498‑1, IEC 61991 (insulation coordination and bonding references)
• Other parts of the IEC 60077 series (for equipment-specific requirements)

Keywords: IEC 60077-1, railway applications, electric equipment for rolling stock, insulation coordination, temperature rise test, creepage distances, clearances, dielectric tests, rolling stock standards.

Standards Content (Sample)

IEC 60077-1 ®
Edition 2.0 2017-07
REDLINE VERSION
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
colour
inside
Railway applications – Electric equipment for rolling stock –
Part 1: General service conditions and general rules

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IEC 60077-1 ®
Edition 2.0 2017-07
REDLINE VERSION
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
colour
inside
Railway applications – Electric equipment for rolling stock –

Part 1: General service conditions and general rules

INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
ICS 45.060.01 ISBN 978-2-8322-4694-8

– 2 – IEC 60077-1:2017 RLV © IEC 2017
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 5
INTRODUCTION . 7
1 Scope and object . 8
2 Normative references . 8
3 Terms, definitions and abbreviated terms (see also Annex A) . 10
3.1 General . 10
3.2 Circuits . 10
3.3 Battery supplied equipment . 11
3.4 Test categories . 11
3.5 Characteristic quantities . 12
3.6 Terms related to lifetime . 13
3.7 Insulations .
3.7 Abbreviated terms . 14
4 Classification . 14
5 Characteristics of the utilization category . 15
5.1 General . 15
5.2 Rated voltages . 15
5.2.1 General . 15
5.2.2 Rated operational voltage (U U ) . 15
e r
5.2.3 Rated insulation voltage (U U ) . 15
i Nm
5.2.4 Rated Power-frequency withstand test voltage (U U ). 16
50 a
5.2.5 Rated impulse withstand voltage (U U ) . 16
imp Ni
5.3 Rated voltages for electric equipment . 16
5.3.1 Supply from Equipment supplied by a contact line . 16
5.3.2 Supply from Equipment supplied by a transformer . 16
5.3.3 Equipment supplied by DC low voltage sources . 17
5.4 Rated currents for equipment . 18
5.4.1 Rated operational current (I I ) . 18
e r
5.4.2 Rated short-time withstand current (I ) . 18
cw
5.5 Rated operational frequency (f ). 18
r
5.6 Rated air pressure . 18
6 Product information . 18
6.1 Nature of information . 18
6.2 Marking . 19
6.3 Instructions for storage, installation, operation and maintenance . 19
7 Normal service conditions . 20
7.1 General . 20
7.2 Altitude . 20
7.3 Temperature . 20
7.3.1 Ambient air temperature (T ) . 20
a
7.3.2 Reference temperature . 21
7.4 Humidity . 22
7.5 Biological conditions . 22
7.6 Chemically active substances . 22
7.7 Mechanically active substances . 22

7.8 Vibration and shock . 22
7.9 Exposure to pollution . 22
7.10 Exposure to overvoltages . 23
8 Constructional and performance requirements . 24
8.1 Constructional requirements . 24
8.1.1 Protective provisions against electrical hazards . 26
8.1.2 Batteries . 26
8.1.3 Fire protection . 26
8.1.4 Other risks . 26
8.2 Performance requirements . 26
8.2.1 Operating conditions . 26
8.2.2 Temperature rise limits . 28
8.2.3 Operation following inactivity . 34
8.2.4 Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) . 35
8.2.5 Acoustic noise emission . 35
8.2.6 Clearances . 41
8.2.7 Creepage distances . 41
8.2.8 Switching overvoltages . 41
8.2.9 Operational performance . 41
8.2.10 Ability to withstand vibration and shock . 42
9 Tests . 42
9.1 Kinds of tests . 42
9.1.1 General . 42
9.1.2 Type tests. 42
9.1.3 Routine tests . 43
9.1.4 Sampling tests . 43
9.1.5 Investigation tests. 43
9.1.6 General test condition . 43
9.1.7 Summary of tests . 44
9.2 Verification of constructional requirements . 44
9.2.1 General . 44
9.2.2 Type tests. 44
9.2.3 Routine tests . 45
9.3 Verification of performance requirements . 45
9.3.1 Operating limits and functional tests . 45
9.3.2 Temperature rise test . 46
9.3.3 Dielectric properties . 49
9.3.4 Operational performance capability. 53
9.3.5 Vibration and shock . 55
9.3.6 Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) . 55
9.3.7 Acoustic noise emission . 55
9.3.8 Climatic tests . 55
Annex A (normative) Measurement of creepage distances and clearances .
Annex A (informative) Coordination between definitions . 62
Annex B (informative) Type and routine test of dielectric tests for equipment . 68
B.1 General . 68
B.2 General conditions . 68
B.3 Test voltage . 68

– 4 – IEC 60077-1:2017 RLV © IEC 2017
Annex C (informative) Clearance and creepage determination .
Annex C (informative) Example of thermal endurance calculation to demonstrate the
suitability of an insulation system for a specified application . 71
C.1 General . 71
C.2 Example 1 – Temperature limits for an electric insulation system . 71
C.3 Example 2 – Thermal endurance calculation . 72
C.3.1 General . 72
C.3.2 Operating conditions provided by the purchaser . 72
C.3.3 Thermal endurance characteristics provided by the manufacturer . 73
C.3.4 Temperature rise test results . 73
C.3.5 Extrapolations . 74
C.3.6 Lifetime calculation based on thermal endurance . 74
C.3.7 Equivalent continuous duty and rated continuous duty . 75
Bibliography . 76

Figure A.1 – Example of relation of limiting values . 64
Figure A.2 – Example of utilization category . 64
Figure A.3 – Example of coordination of operational conditions . 64

Table 1 – Voltage ranges for control circuits and auxiliary circuits. 17
Table 2 – Classes of air temperatures . 21
Table 3 – Temperature limits of electrical insulating system . 32
Table 4 – Determination of rated impulse withstand voltage .
Table 4 – Temperature limits of terminals . 33
Table 5 – Minimum clearances in air .
Table 5 – Temperature limits of accessible parts . 34
Table 6a – Creepages for rated insulation voltages up to 1 000 V .
Table 6b – Creepages for rated insulation voltages above 1 000 V .
Table 6 – List of tests (as appropriate) . 44
Table 7 – Test voltages for verification of clearances .
Table B.1 – Dielectric tests on single pieces of equipment . 69
Table B.2 – Dielectric tests for equipment connected to AC contact line . 70
Table C.1 – Temperature limits and expected lifetime for a dry-type insulation
system (examples) . 72
Table C.2 – Ambient temperature distribution . 73
Table C.3 – Temperature rise test results . 73
Table C.4 – Extrapolation to other ambient temperature . 74
Table C.5 – Lifetime calculation based on thermal endurance . 74
Table C.6 – Equivalent continuous duty and rated continuous duty . 75

INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
RAILWAY APPLICATIONS –
ELECTRIC EQUIPMENT FOR ROLLING STOCK –

Part 1: General service conditions and general rules

FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
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– 6 – IEC 60077-1:2017 RLV © IEC 2017
International Standard IEC 60077-1 has been prepared by IEC technical committee 9:
Electrical equipment and systems for railways.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition of IEC 60077-1, issued in 1999. It
constitutes a technical revision.
This edition includes the following main technical changes with regard to the previous edition:
a) Descriptions regarding insulation coordination, environmental conditions and those of
current return and protective bonding are deleted and replaced by references to
IEC 62497-1, IEC 62498-1 and IEC 61991, except classes of air temperature, which are
copied from Table 2 in IEC 62498-1:2010.
b) Classification of equipment type is introduced.
c) Temperature limits and temperature rise tests are reviewed.
d) Example of lifetime calculation: Annex C (informative) is introduced.
The text of this standard is based on the following documents:
FDIS Report on voting
9/2266/FDIS 9/2278/RVD
Full information on the voting for the approval of this standard can be found in the report on
voting indicated in the above table.
This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
A list of all parts in the IEC 60077 series, published under the general title Railway
applications – Electric equipment for rolling stock, can be found on the IEC website.
The committee has decided that the contents of this publication will remain unchanged until
the stability date indicated on the IEC website under "http://webstore.iec.ch" in the data
related to the specific publication. At this date, the publication will be
• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn,
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.
IMPORTANT – The “colour inside” logo on the cover page of this publication indicates
that it contains colours which are considered to be useful for the correct understanding
of its contents. Users should therefore print this publication using a colour printer.

INTRODUCTION
Although this document specifies the general service conditions and general rules for electric
equipment for railway rolling stock, further special details of for certain types of traction
electric equipment may be given in other IEC standards. In particular, product standards give
further details and the product standards to be part of the traction series are
IEC 60077: Railway applications – Electric equipment for rolling stock
IEC 60077 series consists of the following parts:
• Part 1 – General service conditions and general rules
• Part 2 – Electrotechnical components – General rules
• Part 3 – Electrotechnical components – Rules for DC circuit-breakers
• Part 4 – Electrotechnical components – Rules for AC circuit-breakers
• Part 5 – Electrotechnical components – Rules for HV fuses
Although all circuits of power or control electronic equipment connected to battery or contact
line voltages, and all circuits comprising switchgear or controlgear are covered by this
document, internal circuits of these may be subject to special requirements covered by
relevant product standards.
For electric equipment for rolling stock which conforms to an appropriate international
standard, including items of industrial equipment, this document, plus the relevant railway
equipment product standard for electric equipment where appropriate, specifies only those
additional requirements to ensure satisfactory operation on rolling stock.

– 8 – IEC 60077-1:2017 RLV © IEC 2017
RAILWAY APPLICATIONS –
ELECTRIC EQUIPMENT FOR ROLLING STOCK –

Part 1: General service conditions and general rules

1 Scope and object
This part of IEC 60077 specifies the general service conditions and requirements for all
electric equipment installed in power circuits, auxiliary circuits, control and indicating circuits
etc., on railway rolling stock.
NOTE  Some of these rules may can, after agreement between the user and the manufacturer, be used for
electrical equipment installed on other vehicles other than railway rolling stock, such as mine locomotives, trolley
buses, etc.
The purpose of this document is to harmonize as far as practicable all rules and requirements
of a general nature applicable to electric equipment for rolling stock. This is in order to obtain
uniformity of requirements and tests throughout the corresponding range of equipment to
avoid the need for testing to different standards.
All requirements relating to:
• the environmental stresses expected during the normal service conditions;
• the construction;
• the performance and the associated tests which can be considered as general;
have therefore been gathered in this document together with specific subjects of wide interest
and application, for example temperature rise, dielectric properties, etc.
In the event of there being a difference in requirements between this document and a railway
rolling stock relevant product standard, then the product standard requirements take
precedence.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their
content constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition
cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including
any amendments) applies.
IEC 60050(151):1978, International Electrotechnical Vocabulary (IEV) – Chapter 151:
Electrical and magnetic devices
IEC 60050(441):1984, International Electrotechnical Vocabulary (IEV) – Chapter 441:
Switchgear, controlgear and fuses
IEC 60050(811):1991, International Electrotechnical Vocabulary (IEV) – Chapter 811: Electric
traction
IEC 60056:1987, High-voltage alternating-current circuit-breakers
IEC 60068-2-1:1990, Environmental testing – Part 2-1: Tests – Tests A: Cold

IEC 60068-2-2:1974, Environmental testing – Part 2-2: Tests – Tests B: Dry heat
IEC 60068-2-3:1969, Environmental testing – Part 2: Tests – Test Ca: Damp heat, steady
state
IEC 60068-2-30, Environmental testing – Part 2-30: Tests – Test Db: Damp heat, cyclic
(12 h + 12 h cycle)
IEC 60068-2-52:1996, Environmental testing – Part 2-52: Tests – Test Kb: Salt mist, cyclic
(sodium chloride solution)
IEC 60068-2-78, Environmental testing – Part 2-78: Tests – Test Cab: Damp heat, steady
state
IEC 60071-1:1993, Insulation co-ordination – Part 1: Definitions, principles and rules
IEC 60085:1984, Electrical insulation – Thermal evaluation and classification of electrical
insulation designation
IEC 60112:1979, Method for determining the comparative and the proof tracking indices of
solid insulating materials under moist conditions
IEC 60216-1, Electrical insulating materials – Thermal endurance properties – Part 1: Ageing
procedures and evaluation of test results
IEC 60364-4-41:1992, Electrical installations of buildings – Part 4: Protection for safety –
Chapter 41: Protection against electric shock
IEC 60505, Evaluation and qualification of electrical insulation systems
IEC 60529:1989, Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (IP Code)
IEC/TR 60536:1976, Classification of electrical and electronic equipment with regard to
protection against electric shock
IEC 60587:1984, Test method for evaluating resistance to tracking and erosion of electrical
insulating materials used under severe ambient conditions
IEC 60664-1:1992, Insulation coordination for equipment within low-voltage systems – Part 1:
Principles, requirements and tests
IEC 60721-3-5:1997, Classification of environmental conditions – Part 3: Classification of
groups of environmental parameters and their severities – Section 5: Ground vehicle
installations
IEC 60850:1988, Railway applications – Supply voltages of traction systems
IEC 61133:1992 2016, Electric traction Railway applications – Rolling stock – Testing
methods for electric and thermal/electric of rolling stock on completion of construction and
before entry into service
IEC 61373:1999, Railway applications – Rolling stock equipment – Shock and vibration tests
IEC 61991, Railway applications – Rolling stock – Protective provisions against electrical
hazards
– 10 – IEC 60077-1:2017 RLV © IEC 2017
IEC 61992-1, Railway applications – Fixed installations – DC switchgear – Part 1: General
IEC 62236-3-2, Railway applications – Electromagnetic compatibility – Part 3-2: Rolling stock
– Apparatus
IEC 62497-1, Railway applications – Insulation coordination – Part 1: Basic requirements –
Clearances and creepage distances for all electrical and electronic equipment
IEC 62498-1:2010, Railway applications – Environmental conditions for equipment – Part 1:
Equipment on board rolling stock
3 Terms, definitions and abbreviated terms (see also Annex A)
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following
addresses:
• IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/
• ISO Online browsing platform: available at http://www.iso.org/obp
3.1 General
3.1.1
rolling stock
general term covering all the vehicles with or without motors
Note 1 to entry: Examples of vehicles include a locomotive, a coach and a wagon.
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-811:2017, 811-02-01]
3.1.2
vehicle
general term denoting any single item of rolling stock, e.g. a locomotive, a coach or a wagon
[IEV 811-02-02]
3.2 Circuits
3.2.1
power circuit
circuit carrying the current of the machines and equipment, such as the converters and
traction motors, which transmit the traction output
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-811:2017, 811-25-03]
3.2.2
main circuit
all the conductive parts of a device carrying the current for the function to which this device
has been applied
3.2.3
auxiliary circuit,
circuit carrying the current of the auxiliaries such as the compressors and fans
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-811:2017, 811-25-05]

3.2.4
control circuit,
circuit used to actuate the power or auxiliary equipment
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-811:2017, 811-25-12]
3.2.5
indicating circuit
circuit transmitting a signal indicating or recording whether a particular operating condition
exists or not (for example a signal indicating a failure in the electrical equipment)
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-811:2017, 811-25-14]
3.3 Battery supplied equipment
3.3.1
battery
electrochemical system capable of storing in chemical form the electric energy received and
which can give it back by reconversion
[IEV 811-20-01]
3.3.2
battery on float
secondary battery whose terminals are permanently connected to a source of constant
voltage sufficient to maintain the battery approximately fully charged, and which is intended to
supply power to an electric circuit, if the normal supply is temporarily interrupted
Note 1 to entry: The battery is absorbing a float charge current in this mode.
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-482:2004, 482-05-35, modified – Note 1 to entry has been added.]
3.3.3
float charge battery system
equipment mostly operated with the battery on float charge
3.3.4
battery off charge system
equipment mostly supplied while the battery is not being charged
3.4 Test categories
3.4.1
type test
test of one or more devices made to a certain design to show that the design meets certain
specifications
conformity test made on one or more items representative of the production
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-811:2017, 811-10-04]
3.4.2
routine test
a test to which each individual device is subjected during or after manufacture to ascertain
whether it complies with certain criteria
conformity test made on each individual item during or after manufacture
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-811:2017, 811-10-05]

– 12 – IEC 60077-1:2017 RLV © IEC 2017
3.4.3
sampling test
test on a number of devices taken at random from a batch a sample
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-811:2017, 811-10-06]
3.4.4
investigation test
special test of an optional character carried out in order to obtain additional information
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-811:2017, 811-10-07]
3.4.5
exposed conductive part
conductive part which can readily be touched and which is not normally alive, but which may
become alive under fault conditions
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-441:1984, 441-11-10, modified – Note has been deleted.]
3.5 Characteristic quantities
3.5.1
limiting value
greatest or smallest admissible value of a quantity in a specification of a component, device,
equipment, or system
[IEV 151-04-02]
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-151:2001, 151-16-10, modified – The order of phrases has been
changed.]
3.5.2
nominal value
suitable approximate quantity value used to designate or identify a characteristic of a
component, device or equipment
value of a quantity used to designate and identify a component, device, equipment, or system
Note 1 to entry: The nominal value is generally a rounded value.
Note 2 to entry: In this document, the term "nominal" is used only as common practice to designate contact line
and battery voltage circuits.
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-811:2017, 811-11-01, modified – Note 2 to entry has been added.]
3.5.3
rated value
quantity value assigned, generally by a manufacturer, for a specified operating condition of a
component, device or equipment
value of a quantity used for specification purposes, established for a specified set of operating
conditions of a component, device, equipment, or system
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-811:2017, 811-11-02]
3.6.4
working voltage
highest r.m.s. value of the a.c. voltage or the highest value of the d.c. voltage which may
occur (locally) across any insulation at rated supply voltage, transients being disregarded, in
open-circuit conditions or under normal operating conditions

NOTE – The working voltage of an internal part of an equipment may be different from the supply voltage, for
example if:
– a part of an equipment is considered (after transformer, converter);
– the circuit conductor is not directly connected to the vehicle structure;
– the voltage is a part of supply voltage (components in series);
– secondary insulation or double insulation is considered.
3.5.4
equivalent continuous duty
duty of electrical equipment on rolling stock, which corresponds to the actual service,
generally characterized by values of current, voltage, compressed air pressure, etc., which
vary with time
Note 1 to entry: The various parts of the equipment are defined by a complete statement of the conditions to be
fulfilled. However, it is sometimes sufficient to specify an equivalent duty which corresponds from the point of view
of either electrical, mechanical or thermal stresses to the service considered, and is known as being equivalent to
the actual service. It is the equivalent continuous duty to which the relevant tests are referred.
3.5.5
equivalent continuous rated current
current corresponding to the equivalent continuous duty
3.6.7
equivalent continuous rated voltage
voltage corresponding to the equivalent continuous duty
3.6 Terms related to lifetime
3.6.1
ageing
change with passage of time of physical, chemical or electrical properties of a component or
module under specified operating conditions, which may result in degradation of significant
performance characteristics
Note 1 to entry: This entry was numbered 393-18-41 in IEC 60050-393:2003.
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-395:2014, 395-07-100]
3.6.2
endurance
ability to withstand the action of ageing factors
Note 1 to entry: The endurance may be characterized by the results of accelerated ageing tests.
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-212:2010, 212-12-08]
3.6.3
thermal endurance
ability to withstand the action of temperature
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-212:2010, 212-12-09]
3.6.4
durability
ability to perform as required, under given conditions of use and maintenance, until the end of
useful life
Note 1 to entry: For the purpose of this document, "durability" is used in order to express the expectancy of the
life duration (time or number of operating cycles) which can be performed by the equipment before repair or
replacement of parts.
– 14 – IEC 60077-1:2017 RLV © IEC 2017
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-192:2015, 192-01-21, modified – Note 1 to entry has been added.]
3.7 Insulations
3.7.1
functional insulation
insulation between conductive parts which is necessary only for the proper functioning of the
equipment
3.7.2
basic insulation
insulation of live parts to provide basic protection against electric shock (human safety)
NOTE – Basic insulation does not necessarily include insulation used exclusively for functional purposes (see 2.1
of IEC 60536).
3.7.3
supplementary insulation
independent insulation applied in addition to basic insulation, in order to provide protection
against electric shock in the event of a failure of basic insulation [IEC 60536, 2.2]
3.7.4
reinforced insulation
single insulation system applied to live parts, which provides a degree of protection against
electric shock equivalent to double insulation under the conditions specified in the relevant
IEC standard [IEC 60536, 2.4]
NOTE – A single insulation system does not imply that the insulation must be one homogeneous piece. It may
comprise several layers which cannot be tested singly as basic or supplementary insulation.
3.7.5
double insulation
two-stage insulation, the first being between the live conductors and an intermediate frame
and the second between the intermediate frame and the body of the vehicle [IEV 811-27-15]
3.7 Abbreviated terms
AC Alternating Current
DC Direct Current
EMC Electromagnetic Compatibility
RMS Root Mean Square value
PD Pollution degree
OV Overvoltage category
VC Voltage Class
4 Classification
This clause is intended to list the characteristics of equipment on which information may be
given by the manufacturer and which may not necessarily have to shall be verified by testing
where relevant.
This clause is not mandatory in product standards which should however leave space for it in
order to list, where necessary, classification criteria.
Equipment covered by this document is classified, according to the supply source of its
control and auxiliary circuits. Details are given in 5.3.3.2.

5 Characteristics of the utilization category
5.1 General
The utilization category of equipment defines the intended application and shall be specified
in the relevant product standard; it is characterized by one or more of the following
parameters:
• current(s);
• voltage(s);
• frequency(ies);
• air pressure(s).
See also Annex A.
NOTE This list is not exhaustive and can include other parameters as applicable.
5.2 Rated voltages
5.2.1 General
The term rated voltage can generally be related to both the input and output values of
equipment. The quantity is assigned generally by the manufacturer.
5.2.2 Rated operational voltage (U U )
e r
The rated operational voltage of equipment is a value of voltage which combined with a rated
operational current and rated operational frequency, determines the application of the
equipment and to which the relevant tests and the utilization categories are referred.
NOTE Symbol U was used in the first edition of IEC 60077-1. U is used in IEC 61992-1.
e Ne
5.2.3 Rated insulation voltage (U U )
i Nm
Definition of a rated insulation voltage is given in IEC 62497-1.
The rated insulation voltage is the value of voltage to which dielectric tests rated impulse
voltage and creepage distances are referred.
In no case shall the maximum value of the working voltage or the rated operational voltage
exceed that of the rated insulation voltage.
The rated insulation voltage is at least equal to the highest r.m.s. value of the voltage existing
between electrodes and across the creepage distance for an extended period of time e.g. for
a contact line greater than 5 mm. Non-repetitive transient voltages are neglected.
When the voltage is not purely of sinusoidal or of continuous form, the RMS or mean value
alone cannot be considered to prescribe the rated insulation voltage of the components.
In the absence of any knowledge of the influence on dielectric strength of:
• the ratio between the duration of periodic impulses and their occurrence repetition period;
• the number of impulses during each occurrence burst;
• the voltage rate of rise of the impulse (dv/dt),
it is recommended that this voltage be considered as being equal to the real RMS value, but
not less than 70 % of the peak value.

– 16 – IEC 60077-1:2017 RLV © IEC 2017
5.2.4 Rated Power-frequency withstand test voltage (U U )
50 a
The rated power-frequency withstand test voltage is the RMS value of power-frequency
sinusoidal voltage which does not cause an insulation failure under specified conditions of
test.
U is given in IEC 62497-1.
a
5.2.5 Rated impulse withstand voltage (U U )
imp Ni
The rated impulse withstand voltage is the highest peak value of an impulse voltage, of
prescribed form and polarity, the equ
...

IEC 60077-1 ®
Edition 2.0 2017-07
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
Railway applications – Electric equipment for rolling stock –
Part 1: General service conditions and general rules

Applications ferroviaires – Equipements électriques du matériel roulant –
Partie 1: Conditions générales de service et règles générales

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IEC 60077-1 ®
Edition 2.0 2017-07
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
Railway applications – Electric equipment for rolling stock –

Part 1: General service conditions and general rules

Applications ferroviaires – Equipements électriques du matériel roulant –

Partie 1: Conditions générales de service et règles générales

INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
COMMISSION
ELECTROTECHNIQUE
INTERNATIONALE
ICS 45.060.01 ISBN 978-2-8322-4422-7

– 2 – IEC 60077-1:2017 © IEC 2017
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 5
INTRODUCTION . 7
1 Scope . 8
2 Normative references . 8
3 Terms, definitions and abbreviated terms (see also Annex A) . 9
3.1 General . 9
3.2 Circuits . 10
3.3 Battery supplied equipment . 10
3.4 Test categories . 11
3.5 Characteristic quantities . 11
3.6 Terms related to lifetime . 12
3.7 Abbreviated terms . 13
4 Classification . 13
5 Characteristics of the utilization category . 13
5.1 General . 13
5.2 Rated voltages . 13
5.2.1 General . 13
5.2.2 Rated operational voltage (U ) . 13
r
5.2.3 Rated insulation voltage (U ) . 13
Nm
5.2.4 Power-frequency test voltage (U ) . 14
a
5.2.5 Rated impulse voltage (U ) . 14
Ni
5.3 Rated voltages for electric equipment . 14
5.3.1 Equipment supplied by a contact line . 14
5.3.2 Equipment supplied by a transformer . 14
5.3.3 Equipment supplied by DC low voltage sources . 14
5.4 Rated currents for equipment . 15
5.4.1 Rated operational current (I ) . 15
r
5.4.2 Rated short-time withstand current (I ) . 15
cw
5.5 Rated operational frequency (f ). 15
r
5.6 Rated air pressure . 16
6 Product information . 16
6.1 Nature of information . 16
6.2 Marking . 16
6.3 Instructions for storage, installation, operation and maintenance . 17
7 Normal service conditions . 17
7.1 General . 17
7.2 Altitude . 17
7.3 Temperature . 18
7.3.1 Ambient temperature . 18
7.3.2 Reference temperature . 18
7.4 Humidity . 19
7.5 Biological conditions . 19
7.6 Chemically active substances . 19
7.7 Mechanically active substances . 19
7.8 Vibration and shock . 19

7.9 Exposure to pollution . 19
7.10 Exposure to overvoltages . 19
8 Constructional and performance requirements . 19
8.1 Constructional requirements . 19
8.1.1 Protective provisions against electrical hazards . 19
8.1.2 Batteries . 20
8.1.3 Fire protection . 20
8.1.4 Other risks . 20
8.2 Performance requirements . 20
8.2.1 Operating conditions . 20
8.2.2 Temperature limits . 22
8.2.3 Operation following inactivity . 26
8.2.4 Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) . 27
8.2.5 Acoustic noise emission . 27
8.2.6 Clearances . 27
8.2.7 Creepage distances . 27
8.2.8 Switching overvoltages . 27
8.2.9 Operational performance . 27
8.2.10 Ability to withstand vibration and shock . 28
9 Tests . 28
9.1 Kinds of tests . 28
9.1.1 General . 28
9.1.2 Type tests. 28
9.1.3 Routine tests . 28
9.1.4 Sampling tests . 29
9.1.5 Investigation tests. 29
9.1.6 General test condition . 29
9.1.7 Summary of tests . 29
9.2 Verification of constructional requirements . 30
9.2.1 General . 30
9.2.2 Type tests. 30
9.2.3 Routine tests . 31
9.3 Verification of performance requirements . 31
9.3.1 Operating limits and functional tests . 31
9.3.2 Temperature rise test . 32
9.3.3 Dielectric properties . 35
9.3.4 Operational performance capability. 36
9.3.5 Vibration and shock . 39
9.3.6 Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) . 39
9.3.7 Acoustic noise emission . 39
9.3.8 Climatic tests . 39
Annex A (informative) Coordination between definitions . 40
Annex B (informative) Type and routine test of dielectric tests for equipment . 42
B.1 General . 42
B.2 General conditions . 42
B.3 Test voltage . 42
Annex C (informative) Example of thermal endurance calculation to demonstrate the
suitability of an insulation system for a specified application . 45

– 4 – IEC 60077-1:2017 © IEC 2017
C.1 General . 45
C.2 Example 1 – Temperature limits for an electric insulation system . 45
C.3 Example 2 – Thermal endurance calculation . 46
C.3.1 General . 46
C.3.2 Operating conditions provided by the purchaser . 46
C.3.3 Thermal endurance characteristics provided by the manufacturer . 47
C.3.4 Temperature rise test results . 47
C.3.5 Extrapolations . 47
C.3.6 Lifetime calculation based on thermal endurance . 48
C.3.7 Equivalent continuous duty and rated continuous duty . 49
Bibliography . 50

Figure A.1 – Example of relation of limiting values . 41
Figure A.2 – Example of utilization category . 41
Figure A.3 – Example of coordination of operational conditions . 41

Table 1 – Voltage ranges for control circuits and auxiliary circuits. 15
Table 2 – Classes of air temperatures . 18
Table 3 – Temperature limits of electrical insulating system . 24
Table 4 – Temperature limits of terminals . 25
Table 5 – Temperature limits of accessible parts . 26
Table 6 – List of tests (as appropriate) . 30
Table B.1 – Dielectric tests on single pieces of equipment . 43
Table B.2 – Dielectric tests for equipment connected to AC contact line . 44
Table C.1 – Temperature limits and expected lifetime for a dry-type insulation system
(examples) . 46
Table C.2 – Ambient temperature distribution . 47
Table C.3 – Temperature rise test results . 47
Table C.4 – Extrapolation to other ambient temperature . 48
Table C.5 – Lifetime calculation based on thermal endurance . 48
Table C.6 – Equivalent continuous duty and rated continuous duty . 49

INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
RAILWAY APPLICATIONS –
ELECTRIC EQUIPMENT FOR ROLLING STOCK –

Part 1: General service conditions and general rules

FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote
international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To
this end and in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications,
Technical Reports, Publicly Available Specifications (PAS) and Guides (hereafter referred to as “IEC
Publication(s)”). Their preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested
in the subject dealt with may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-
governmental organizations liaising with the IEC also participate in this preparation. IEC collaborates closely
with the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by
agreement between the two organizations.
2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international
consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all
interested IEC National Committees.
3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National
Committees in that sense. While all reasonable efforts are made to ensure that the technical content of IEC
Publications is accurate, IEC cannot be held responsible for the way in which they are used or for any
misinterpretation by any end user.
4) In order to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications
transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional publications. Any divergence
between any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional publication shall be clearly indicated in
the latter.
5) IEC itself does not provide any attestation of conformity. Independent certification bodies provide conformity
assessment services and, in some areas, access to IEC marks of conformity. IEC is not responsible for any
services carried out by independent certification bodies.
6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication.
7) No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employees, servants or agents including individual experts and
members of its technical committees and IEC National Committees for any personal injury, property damage or
other damage of any nature whatsoever, whether direct or indirect, or for costs (including legal fees) and
expenses arising out of the publication, use of, or reliance upon, this IEC Publication or any other IEC
Publications.
8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of
patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
International Standard IEC 60077-1 has been prepared by IEC technical committee 9:
Electrical equipment and systems for railways.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition of IEC 60077-1, issued in 1999. It
constitutes a technical revision.
This edition includes the following main technical changes with regard to the previous edition:
a) Descriptions regarding insulation coordination, environmental conditions and those of
current return and protective bonding are deleted and replaced by references to
IEC 62497-1, IEC 62498-1 and IEC 61991, except classes of air temperature, which are
copied from Table 2 in IEC 62498-1:2010.
b) Classification of equipment type is introduced.
c) Temperature limits and temperature rise tests are reviewed.

– 6 – IEC 60077-1:2017 © IEC 2017
d) Example of lifetime calculation: Annex C (informative) is introduced.
The text of this standard is based on the following documents:
FDIS Report on voting
9/2266/FDIS 9/2278/RVD
Full information on the voting for the approval of this standard can be found in the report on
voting indicated in the above table.
This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
A list of all parts in the IEC 60077 series, published under the general title Railway
applications – Electric equipment for rolling stock, can be found on the IEC website.
The committee has decided that the contents of this publication will remain unchanged until
the stability date indicated on the IEC website under "http://webstore.iec.ch" in the data
related to the specific publication. At this date, the publication will be
• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn,
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.
INTRODUCTION
Although this document specifies the general service conditions and general rules for electric
equipment for railway rolling stock, further details for certain types of electric equipment may
be given in other IEC standards.
IEC 60077 series consists of the following parts:
• Part 1 – General service conditions and general rules
• Part 2 – Electrotechnical components – General rules
• Part 3 – Electrotechnical components – Rules for DC circuit-breakers
• Part 4 – Electrotechnical components – Rules for AC circuit-breakers
• Part 5 – Electrotechnical components – Rules for HV fuses
Although all circuits of power or control electronic equipment connected to battery or contact
line are covered by this document, internal circuits of these may be subject to special
requirements covered by relevant product standards.
For electric equipment for rolling stock which conforms to an appropriate international
standard, including items of industrial equipment, this document, plus the relevant equipment
product standard for electric equipment where appropriate, specifies only those additional
requirements to ensure satisfactory operation on rolling stock.

– 8 – IEC 60077-1:2017 © IEC 2017
RAILWAY APPLICATIONS –
ELECTRIC EQUIPMENT FOR ROLLING STOCK –

Part 1: General service conditions and general rules

1 Scope
This part of IEC 60077 specifies the general service conditions and requirements for all
electric equipment installed in power circuits, auxiliary circuits, control and indicating circuits
etc., on railway rolling stock.
NOTE Some of these rules can, after agreement between the user and the manufacturer, be used for electrical
equipment installed on vehicles other than railway rolling stock, such as mine locomotives, trolley buses, etc.
The purpose of this document is to harmonize as far as practicable all rules and requirements
of a general nature applicable to electric equipment for rolling stock. This is in order to obtain
uniformity of requirements and tests throughout the corresponding range of equipment to
avoid the need for testing to different standards.
All requirements relating to:
• the environmental stresses expected during the normal service conditions;
• the construction;
• the performance and the associated tests which can be considered as general;
have therefore been gathered in this document together with specific subjects of wide interest
and application, for example temperature rise, dielectric properties, etc.
In the event of there being a difference in requirements between this document and a railway
rolling stock relevant product standard, then the product standard requirements take
precedence.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their
content constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition
cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including
any amendments) applies.
IEC 60068-2-1, Environmental testing – Part 2-1: Tests – Tests A: Cold
IEC 60068-2-2, Environmental testing – Part 2-2: Tests – Tests B: Dry heat
IEC 60068-2-30, Environmental testing – Part 2-30: Tests – Test Db: Damp heat, cyclic
(12 h + 12 h cycle)
IEC 60068-2-52, Environmental testing – Part 2-52: Tests – Test Kb: Salt mist, cyclic (sodium
chloride solution)
IEC 60068-2-78, Environmental testing – Part 2-78: Tests – Test Cab: Damp heat, steady
state
IEC 60085, Electrical insulation – Thermal evaluation and designation

IEC 60216-1, Electrical insulating materials – Thermal endurance properties – Part 1: Ageing
procedures and evaluation of test results
IEC 60505, Evaluation and qualification of electrical insulation systems
IEC 60529, Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (IP Code)
IEC 60721-3-5, Classification of environmental conditions – Part 3: Classification of groups of
environmental parameters and their severities – Section 5: Ground vehicle installations
IEC 60850, Railway applications – Supply voltages of traction systems
IEC 61133:2016, Railway applications – Rolling stock – Testing of rolling stock on completion
of construction and before entry into service
IEC 61373, Railway applications – Rolling stock equipment – Shock and vibration tests
IEC 61991, Railway applications – Rolling stock – Protective provisions against electrical
hazards
IEC 61992-1, Railway applications – Fixed installations – DC switchgear – Part 1: General
IEC 62236-3-2, Railway applications – Electromagnetic compatibility – Part 3-2: Rolling stock
– Apparatus
IEC 62497-1, Railway applications – Insulation coordination – Part 1: Basic requirements –
Clearances and creepage distances for all electrical and electronic equipment
IEC 62498-1:2010, Railway applications – Environmental conditions for equipment – Part 1:
Equipment on board rolling stock
3 Terms, definitions and abbreviated terms (see also Annex A)
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following
addresses:
• IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/
• ISO Online browsing platform: available at http://www.iso.org/obp
3.1 General
3.1.1
rolling stock
all the vehicles with or without motors
Note 1 to entry: Examples of vehicles include a locomotive, a coach and a wagon.
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-811:2017, 811-02-01]
3.1.2
vehicle
single item of rolling stock
– 10 – IEC 60077-1:2017 © IEC 2017
3.2 Circuits
3.2.1
power circuit
circuit carrying the current of the machines and equipment, such as the converters and
traction motors, which transmit the traction output
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-811:2017, 811-25-03]
3.2.2
main circuit
all the conductive parts of a device carrying the current for the function to which this device
has been applied
3.2.3
auxiliary circuit,
circuit carrying the current of the auxiliaries such as the compressors and fans
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-811:2017, 811-25-05]
3.2.4
control circuit,
circuit used to actuate the power or auxiliary equipment
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-811:2017, 811-25-12]
3.2.5
indicating circuit
circuit transmitting a signal indicating or recording whether a particular operating condition
exists or not (for example a signal indicating a failure in the electrical equipment)
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-811:2017, 811-25-14]
3.3 Battery supplied equipment
3.3.1
battery
electrochemical system capable of storing in chemical form the electric energy received and
which can give it back by reconversion
3.3.2
battery on float
secondary battery whose terminals are permanently connected to a source of constant
voltage sufficient to maintain the battery approximately fully charged, and which is intended to
supply power to an electric circuit, if the normal supply is temporarily interrupted
Note 1 to entry: The battery is absorbing a float charge current in this mode.
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-482:2004, 482-05-35, modified – Note 1 to entry has been added.]
3.3.3
float charge battery system
equipment mostly operated with the battery on float charge
3.3.4
battery off charge system
equipment mostly supplied while the battery is not being charged

3.4 Test categories
3.4.1
type test
conformity test made on one or more items representative of the production
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-811:2017, 811-10-04]
3.4.2
routine test
conformity test made on each individual item during or after manufacture
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-811:2017, 811-10-05]
3.4.3
sampling test
test on a sample
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-811:2017, 811-10-06]
3.4.4
investigation test
special test of an optional character carried out in order to obtain additional information
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-811:2017, 811-10-07]
3.4.5
exposed conductive part
conductive part which can readily be touched and which is not normally alive, but which may
become alive under fault conditions
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-441:1984, 441-11-10, modified – Note has been deleted.]
3.5 Characteristic quantities
3.5.1
limiting value
greatest or smallest admissible value of a quantity in a specification of a component, device,
equipment, or system
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-151:2001, 151-16-10, modified – The order of phrases has been
changed.]
3.5.2
nominal value
value of a quantity used to designate and identify a component, device, equipment, or system
Note 1 to entry: The nominal value is generally a rounded value.
Note 2 to entry: In this document, the term "nominal" is used only as common practice to designate contact line
and battery voltage circuits.
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-811:2017, 811-11-01, modified – Note 2 to entry has been added.]

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3.5.3
rated value
value of a quantity used for specification purposes, established for a specified set of operating
conditions of a component, device, equipment, or system
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-811:2017, 811-11-02]
3.5.4
equivalent continuous duty
duty of electrical equipment on rolling stock, which corresponds to the actual service,
generally characterized by values of current, voltage, compressed air pressure, etc., which
vary with time
Note 1 to entry: The various parts of the equipment are defined by a complete statement of the conditions to be
fulfilled. However, it is sometimes sufficient to specify an equivalent duty which corresponds from the point of view
of either electrical, mechanical or thermal stresses to the service considered, and is known as being equivalent to
the actual service. It is the equivalent continuous duty to which the relevant tests are referred.
3.5.5
equivalent continuous rated current
current corresponding to the equivalent continuous duty
3.6 Terms related to lifetime
3.6.1
ageing
change with passage of time of physical, chemical or electrical properties of a component or
module under specified operating conditions, which may result in degradation of significant
performance characteristics
Note 1 to entry: This entry was numbered 393-18-41 in IEC 60050-393:2003.
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-395:2014, 395-07-100]
3.6.2
endurance
ability to withstand the action of ageing factors
Note 1 to entry: The endurance may be characterized by the results of accelerated ageing tests.
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-212:2010, 212-12-08]
3.6.3
thermal endurance
ability to withstand the action of temperature
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-212:2010, 212-12-09]
3.6.4
durability
ability to perform as required, under given conditions of use and maintenance, until the end of
useful life
Note 1 to entry: For the purpose of this document, "durability" is used in order to express the expectancy of the
life duration (time or number of operating cycles) which can be performed by the equipment before repair or
replacement of parts.
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-192:2015, 192-01-21, modified – Note 1 to entry has been added.]

3.7 Abbreviated terms
AC Alternating Current
DC Direct Current
EMC Electromagnetic Compatibility
RMS Root Mean Square value
PD Pollution degree
OV Overvoltage category
VC Voltage Class
4 Classification
This clause is intended to list the characteristics of equipment on which information may be
given by the manufacturer and which shall be verified by testing where relevant.
Equipment covered by this document is classified, according to the supply source of its
control and auxiliary circuits. Details are given in 5.3.3.2.
5 Characteristics of the utilization category
5.1 General
The utilization category of equipment defines the intended application and shall be specified
in the relevant product standard; it is characterized by one or more of the following
parameters:
• current(s);
• voltage(s);
• frequency(ies);
• air pressure(s).
See also Annex A.
NOTE This list is not exhaustive and can include other parameters as applicable.
5.2 Rated voltages
5.2.1 General
The term rated voltage can generally be related to both the input and output values of
equipment. The quantity is assigned generally by the manufacturer.
5.2.2 Rated operational voltage (U )
r
The rated operational voltage of equipment is a value of voltage which combined with a rated
operational current and rated operational frequency, determines the application of the
equipment and to which the relevant tests and the utilization categories are referred.
NOTE Symbol U was used in the first edition of IEC 60077-1. U is used in IEC 61992-1.
e Ne
5.2.3 Rated insulation voltage (U )
Nm
Definition of a rated insulation voltage is given in IEC 62497-1.
The rated insulation voltage is the value of voltage to which rated impulse voltage and
creepage distances are referred.

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When the voltage is not purely of sinusoidal or of continuous form, the RMS or mean value
alone cannot be considered to prescribe the rated insulation voltage of the components.
In the absence of any knowledge of the influence on dielectric strength of:
• the ratio between the duration of periodic impulses and their repetition period;
• the number of impulses during each burst;
• the voltage rate of rise of the impulse (dv/dt),
it is recommended that this voltage be considered as being equal to the real RMS value, but
not less than 70 % of the peak value.
5.2.4 Power-frequency test voltage (U )
a
The power-frequency test voltage is the RMS value of power-frequency sinusoidal voltage
which does not cause an insulation failure under specified conditions of test.
U is given in IEC 62497-1.
a
5.2.5 Rated impulse voltage (U )
Ni
Definition of a rated impulse voltage is given in IEC 62497-1.
The rated impulse voltage is used for determining minimum required clearances and dielectric
test voltages.
5.3 Rated voltages for electric equipment
5.3.1 Equipment supplied by a contact line
The rated operational voltage (U ) for equipment supplied from the contact line is the highest
r
permanent voltage (U ) of the contact line voltage as defined by IEC 60850.
max1
5.3.2 Equipment supplied by a transformer
The rated operational voltage (U ) for equipment supplied from a winding of a transformer is
r
equal to the RMS voltage at the terminals of the winding when the transformer primary is
supplied at the rated operational voltage. If a second transformer is interposed between the
above-mentioned transformer and the equipment, the rated operational voltage (U ) is equal
r
to the above-mentioned rated operational voltage multiplied by the transformer ratio of the
second transformer.
5.3.3 Equipment supplied by DC low voltage sources
5.3.3.1 Nominal voltages
This subclause applies to the equipment supplied from the voltage bands I and band II
according to IEC 61991.
The nominal voltage (U ) is only used to designate the circuits and the equipment and should
n
be selected from the following preferred values:
24 V, 72 V or 110 V
Other voltages may be used upon agreement between the user and the manufacturer.
NOTE These nominal voltage values are given only as standardizing values for the design of the equipment. They
are not considered as the off-load battery voltage which will be determined as functions of the type of battery, the
number of cells and the operating conditions.

5.3.3.2 Voltage ranges
Equipment covered by this document is classified as follows, according to the supply source
of its control and auxiliary circuits:
• type VC1: equipment supplied by a float charge battery system;
• type VC2: equipment supplied by a battery off charge system;
• type VC3: equipment not supplied directly by an onboard battery, but supplied by e.g. a
generator, alternator or electronic converter.
Table 1 shows the voltage ranges and rated operational voltage (U ) for control circuit and
r
auxiliary circuit for each equipment type. The values for Type VC3 are valid for a stabilized
voltage source.
Table 1 – Voltage ranges for control circuits and auxiliary circuits
Classification Minimum equipment Rated operational Maximum equipment
voltage voltage (U ) voltage
r
Type VC1 0,7 U 1,15 U 1,25 U
n n n
0,7 U 1,1 U 1,25 U
Type VC2
n n n
Type VC3 0,85 U 1,0 U 1,1 U
n n n
NOTE 1 Basically the battery for Type VC1 equipment is used in charging mode. The voltage can be lower than
the float voltage for short periods of time, e.g. before starting the charging equipment, during the battery voltage
buildup or during the contact line interruption.
NOTE 2 Basically the battery for Type VC2 equipment is used in discharging mode. The battery voltage will
reduce over time.
NOTE 3 The voltage of Type VC3 equipment is not the voltage supplying the generator, alternator or electronic
converter itself.
NOTE 4 Voltage range of Type VC1 and Type VC2 is same, but the evolution of the voltage during operation is
different regarding the lifetime of the equipment.
NOTE 5 The rated operational voltage is used for calculation of losses, power consumption, temperature rise, etc.
5.4 Rated currents for equipment
)
5.4.1 Rated operational current (I
r
The rated operational current of equipment is stated by the manufacturer and takes into
account the rated operational voltage and rated operational frequency.
5.4.2 Rated short-time withstand current (I )
cw
The rated short-time wit
...